CN111903273A

CN111903273A - Application of cyanamide as dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds

Info

Publication number: CN111903273A
Application number: CN202010680002.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Fujian Sanan Sino Science Photobiotech Co Ltd
Current assignee: Fujian Sanan Sino Science Photobiotech Co Ltd; Fujian Province Sino Science Biological Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-15
Filing date: 2020-07-15
Publication date: 2020-11-10

Abstract

The invention discloses application of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds, and solves the problem that blueberries do not sprout or bloom and leaf are not neat when the cold quantity of indoor cultivated blueberries does not meet the cold quantity requirement of varieties.

Description

Application of cyanamide as dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling culture, and particularly relates to application of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds.

Background

Blueberries are perennial shrub berries fallen leaves or evergreen fruit trees belonging to the genus Vaccinium of the family Ericaceae. Because the peel and the pulp of the fruit contain a large amount of bioactive substances such as anthocyanin, vitamin, flavone and the like, the fruit has the unique effects of preventing cranial nerve aging, enhancing heart function, preventing asthenopia and preventing and resisting cancers, and is one of five healthy fruits recommended by food and agriculture organizations in the United nations.

In order to achieve the purpose of early marketing of blueberry fruits, the temperature is raised after the blueberry flower buds are given the shortest cold energy in production, so that the leaf buds are required to be insufficiently cooled and cannot normally germinate, the fruit setting rate is low in the later period, the fruits are slowly developed, the mature period is prolonged, and the fruit quality is poor. The lack of effective dormancy-breaking agent, the imperfect condition of facility cultivation, the temperature control in greenhouse cultivation and other problems limit the production and controllable cultivation of the blueberry. When the cold quantity of the indoor cultivated blueberries does not meet the cold quantity requirement of the varieties, the blueberries do not sprout or the flowers and the leaves are not orderly unfolded. The problem that the leaf buds cannot germinate due to insufficient cold quantity required by indoor cultivation of the blueberries can be effectively solved by finding a proper dormancy breaking agent for treatment. Under the accurate environmental control of temperature, humidity, light and the like, the blueberry cultivated in the artificial light room uses the effective dormancy breaking agent to replace part of cold energy, so that the germination rate can be ensured, the cooling cost is effectively reduced, and the production period is shortened. The development of the dormancy breaking agent with the appropriate concentration for indoor cultivation of the blueberries is of great significance.

The common dormancy-breaking agent mainly comprises lime nitrogen, cyanamide, hormone substances, zinc, nitrate substances and other chemical agents, and is mostly applied to the fruit trees such as grapes, peaches and apples. Wherein, cyanamide is also named cyanamide, and the molecular formula is NH₂CN is a plant growth regulator for making up for low-temperature deficiency and promoting fruit tree germination, is widely applied to protected grapes, peaches and the like, but application of releasing bud dormancy in indoor artificial light cultivation of blueberries is not studied.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention aims to provide the application of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds and solve the problem that blueberries do not sprout or bloom and leaf are not neat when the cold quantity of indoor cultivated blueberries does not meet the cold quantity requirement of varieties.

The application of the cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking indoor cultivation blueberry leaf bud dormancy, wherein the working concentration of the cyanamide is 0.45% -0.65%.

Preferably, the dormancy breaking treatment method is to apply a cyanamide aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.45% -0.65% on the unerupted leaf buds of the blueberry branches.

Preferably, before the dormancy breaking treatment, the blueberry branches are subjected to low-temperature accumulation and dark treatment.

Preferably, the low-temperature treatment temperature is less than 7.2 ℃, and the treatment time is 300 h.

Preferably, during the period of dormancy breaking of the blueberries, the indoor cultivation environmental conditions are as follows: the temperature is 15-20 ℃, the illumination intensity is 200 mu mol/square meter.s, the air relative humidity is 60-70%, and the sunshine length is 10-12 hours.

Preferably, during the period of dormancy breaking of the blueberries, the indoor light environment is as follows: white light LED lamp, colour temperature 4000K, red blue photon is than 2: 1.

preferably, during the period of the blueberry dormancy breaking, the blueberry nutrient solution is irrigated by 3 times of sprinkling irrigation every week, and the sprinkling irrigation amount is 700 ml.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the method, the dormancy breaking agent with a proper concentration is used for ungerminated buds, the dormancy of buds can be effectively broken in the indoor cultivation of the blueberries, the problems that leaf buds cannot germinate or flowering and leaf unfolding are irregular due to insufficient cold quantity are solved, the germination rate is effectively improved, and the flowering quality is guaranteed.

2. The invention can replace part of cold energy, reduce the cooling time, shorten the production period and save the cooling cost.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the sprouting of each treatment and control in example 1.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.

Example 1

And (4) performing a blueberry dormancy breaking test in an artificial light indoor environment in 2 months in 2020. The test variety is a 'mist' four-year-old seedling which is planted in a mixed matrix including but not limited to peat soil and perlite. The concentration of the dormancy breaking agent cyanamide used in the test is T1: 0.45%, T2: 0.5%, T3: 0.65 percent. The specific test steps are as follows:

(1) the low-temperature (less than 7.2 ℃) accumulation is carried out on the blueberry seedlings for 300h by 1 month and 1 day in 2020, the temperature is gradually increased to 15-20 ℃ within 7-10 days, the illumination intensity is 200 mu mol/square meter.s, the sunlight length is increased to 10-12 h, and the air relative humidity is controlled to be 60-70%. At the moment, the blueberries enter a dormancy breaking and germination stage, flower buds continuously germinate in 1 month late ten days, and leaf buds do not germinate.

The indoor cultivation of blueberry is suitable for the light environment during the period of dormancy breaking and the matched management are as follows:

light environment: white light LED lamp, colour temperature 4000K, red blue photon is than 2: 1.

and (3) matching management: the blueberry nutrient solution comprises the following nutrient components: 4.9-5.2mmol/L of nitrogen, 2.0-2.1mmol/L of potassium, 0.65-0.69mmol/L of calcium, 0.13-0.14mmol/L of magnesium, 182 mu mol/L of iron 173-containing iron, 52-57 mu mol/L of manganese, 0.66-0.73 mu mol/L of boron, 2.75-3.00 mu mol/L of zinc, 0.47-0.52 mu mol/L of molybdenum and 2.5-2.8mmol/L of sulfur. The EC of the blueberry nutrient solution is controlled to be 1.2-1.5, and the pH is controlled to be 4.5-5.0. The irrigation frequency is 3 times of irrigation weekly, and the irrigation amount is 700ml each time.

(2) Preparing different concentrations of a dormancy breaking agent, namely cyanamide T1: 0.45%, T2: 0.5%, T3: 0.65 percent. The method for configuring the concentration of T1 comprises the following steps: dissolving 0.9ml of 50% cyanamide aqueous solution (trade name: Youmei bud) in water (RO water) to prepare 100ml of solution; the method for configuring the concentration of T2 comprises the following steps: dissolving 1ml of 50% cyanamide aqueous solution in water (RO water) to prepare 100ml of solution; the method for configuring the concentration of T3 comprises the following steps: 1.3ml of 50% cyanamide aqueous solution was dissolved in water (RO water) to prepare 100ml of a solution.

(3) Selecting blueberry plants with consistent growth vigor, selecting branches with consistent thickness at the parts, close to the height, of each blueberry tree body, smearing full but ungerminated buds of the buds on the selected branches by using dormancy breaking agents with different concentrations, and counting the germination rate by 19 days after 3 months.

At the same time, clear water (RO water) treatment is adopted as a control, the treatment steps are the same as the test example, and the germination rate is counted up to 3 months and 19 days. The comparison results are shown in table 1 and fig. 1:

TABLE 1 comparison of germination rates with controls for different treatments

Treatment of	Germination rate
		T1	0.086±0.028a
T2	0.096±0.055a
		T3	0.086±0.024a
Control	0.029±0.030b

As can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 1, when 3 different concentrations of dormancy breaking agent of the example 1 are used for treating ungerminated sprouts, compared with the control clear water (RO water), the sprouting rate of blueberry 'mist' treated by using the concentrations of cyanamide T1, T2 and T3 is significantly higher than that of the control example, and the sprouting rate is about 3.0-3.3 times of that of the control example.

Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, other variations and modifications of these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present specification and drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied thereto, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of the cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking the dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds.

2. Use of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds according to claim 1, characterized in that the working concentration of the cyanamide is 0.45-0.65%.

3. Use of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds according to claim 2, characterized in that the dormancy breaking treatment method is to apply a cyanamide aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.45-0.65% on non-germinated leaf buds on blueberry branches.

4. The use of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds as claimed in claim 3, wherein blueberry branches are subjected to low-temperature accumulation and dark treatment before dormancy breaking treatment.

5. Use of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds according to claim 4, wherein the low temperature treatment temperature is less than 7.2 ℃ and the treatment time is 300 h.

6. Use of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein during the dormancy breaking of blueberries, the environmental conditions of indoor cultivation are as follows: the temperature is 15-20 ℃, the illumination intensity is 200 mu mol/square meter.s, the air relative humidity is 60-70%, and the sunshine length is 10-12 hours.

7. Use of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds according to claim 6, wherein during the blueberry dormancy breaking, the indoor light environment is: white light LED lamp, colour temperature 4000K, red blue photon is than 2: 1.

8. use of cyanamide as a dormancy breaking agent in breaking dormancy of indoor cultivated blueberry leaf buds according to claim 6, wherein during the blueberry dormancy breaking, the watering frequency of the blueberry nutrient solution is 3 times of sprinkling irrigation per week, and the amount of sprinkling irrigation is 700ml each time.