CN111849497B - Preparation method of multifunctional acid soil microbial improver - Google Patents
Preparation method of multifunctional acid soil microbial improver Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil treatment, in particular to a preparation method of a multifunctional acid soil microorganism modifier. The method comprises the steps of mixing and fermenting rice hull fibers, biogas slurry, cane sugar and water, adding a ferric nitrate solution, adding a sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 7.8-8.1, stirring and mixing, filtering, drying, gradually heating and carbonizing, treating with high-temperature and high-pressure steam, drying and ball milling to obtain pretreated rice hull fibers, mixing the pretreated rice hull fibers and hydrochloric acid, ultrasonically standing, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter cakes, mixing the No. 2 filter cakes and the sodium hydroxide solution, standing, filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified rice hull fibers, stirring and mixing enzymatic chitosan solution, mixed bacterial solution, modified rice hull fibers, alkaloid, phospholipid and polyallylamine to obtain the multifunctional acidic soil microorganism modifier. The multifunctional acid soil microorganism modifier provided by the invention can effectively improve acid soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil treatment, in particular to a preparation method of a multifunctional acid soil microorganism modifier.
Background
With the rapid development of economic society, the problems of soil degradation such as acidification, salinization, element unbalance, loss, pollution and the like are increasingly prominent, and the development of land productivity is severely restricted. As one of the important indexes, soil acidification accelerates the improvement of soil acidity, causes the reduction of the effectiveness of a large number of nutrient elements, reduces the fertilizer supply and preservation capability of soil, and seriously affects the yield and quality of crops. The acid soil has the characteristics of high strength, large area, wide distribution and the like in China, and is mainly distributed in two large areas, namely a tropical zone and a subtropical zone in the south of Yangtze river at present. The pH value of the soil in most acidic regions ranges from 4.5 to 5.5, the soil belongs to a strong acid section, and the pH value of the region with more serious acidification is even less than 4.5. And the acidification area and acidification strength still show an upward trend. In order to improve the soil fertility of cultivated land and realize sustainable development of agriculture, effective measures must be taken to improve and recover acid soil.
Reasons for soil acidification: the natural acidification, the reasons of acidification in natural environment mainly include strong weathering, acid sulfate soil, lack of alkaline cation in soil matrix and natural rainfall. Soil acidification is a continuous natural process, is influenced by the soil matrix, and leads the salt-based calcium ions and the like to be lost under the action of rainwater leaching and scouring. In southern areas of China, rainfall is large, a large amount of alkali-based compounds (mainly calcium and magnesium) in soil are leached due to rainfall, and the content of exchangeable hydrogen and aluminum in soil is increased greatly, so that the soil is changed into acid. In addition, organic acid and CO2 generated by decomposing organic matters due to the activity of microorganisms in the soil, acidic substances secreted by the root system of the plant while absorbing nutrients and organic acid generated by the metabolic activity of the microorganisms in the soil can cause the natural acidification of the soil; artificial acidification, the soil not only gradually reduces the pH value of the soil under the long-term action of acid rain, but also causes the loss of soil cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+, further the ion balance of the whole soil is damaged, the soil is also greatly harmful to farmlands and natural ecosystems, and the national acidification area is continuously enlarged.
Soil acidification is becoming more and more severe, and as one of the important indicators of soil degradation, it has severely affected crop growth. Two major reasons for acidification in nature and human conditions and the harm of acidification to soil quality, crop growth, microbial life activities and the like are reviewed. Finally, the method for improving and repairing the acid soil is provided from the aspects of control of acid rain settlement, use of soil improvement agents, biological and agricultural measures and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 5-8 parts of mixed bacterial liquid, 10-20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 3-5 parts of alkaloid, 3-5 parts of phospholipid and 10-20 parts of polyallylamine.
The alkaloid is any one of ephedrine, leonurine or colchicine.
The phospholipid is any one of soybean phospholipid, milk phospholipid or egg yolk phospholipid.
The enzymatic chitosan solution comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of chitosan, 0.01-0.02 part of chitosanase and 100-120 parts of water.
The mixed bacterial liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of pretreated volcanic ash, 1-2 parts of bacillus pasteurii, 1-2 parts of glycerol, 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 40-60 parts of water and 5-8 parts of urea.
The pretreated volcanic ash comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of volcanic ash, 20-30 parts of hydrochloric acid and 30-40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution.
The modified rice hull fiber comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of pretreated rice hull fiber, 60-80 parts of hydrochloric acid and 60-80 parts of sodium hydroxide solution.
The pretreated rice hull fiber comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of rice hull fiber, 2-3 parts of biogas slurry, 1-2 parts of cane sugar, 30-40 parts of water and 10-20 parts of ferric nitrate solution.
The multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine.
A preparation method of a multifunctional acid soil microorganism modifier comprises the following specific steps:
(1) treating chitosan;
(2) treating volcanic ash;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) treating rice hull fiber;
(5) further processing the product obtained in the step (4);
(6) mixing materials;
(7) and (6) detecting.
The preparation method of the multifunctional acid soil microbial improver comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing chitosan with water, standing for swelling, heating, stirring for dissolving, cooling, adding chitosanase, treating at constant temperature, and inactivating enzyme to obtain enzymatic chitosan solution;
(2) mixing and soaking volcanic ash and hydrochloric acid, filtering to obtain No. 1 filter residue, then placing the No. 1 filter residue in a sodium hydroxide solution, mixing and soaking, filtering, washing and drying to obtain pretreated volcanic ash, wherein in the use process, pores rich in pretreated volcanic ash particles are beneficial to loading of the Paenibacillus pasteurianus in a system, so that the Paenibacillus pasteurianus can fully enter the pretreated volcanic ash particles and can be effectively protected, the service life of the Paenibacillus pasteurianus is prolonged, and the service life of a product is further prolonged;
(3) mixing and fermenting the pretreated volcanic ash, the pasteur bacillus, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the urea to obtain a mixed bacteria liquid, wherein in the using process, firstly, the pasteur bacillus can decompose the urea to generate carbonate ions which can be combined with hydrogen ions in acid soil to generate carbonic acid which is unstable, and the carbonic acid can decompose to generate water and carbon dioxide after the soil is heated by illumination in the daytime, the consumption of the hydrogen ions can play a role in adjusting the pH value of the soil, the water can be directly provided for plants to be utilized, and the carbon dioxide is released from the soil, so that the pore structure of the soil is enriched, the air and moisture can be favorably permeated into the soil, the water retention performance of the soil is improved, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the porosity of the soil is increased, the content of soluble salt in the soil is balanced, and the further action of the pasteur bacillus in the soil is favorably, the acidic soil is effectively repaired, and the generated carbon dioxide can act with the polyallylamine in the raw material and the polyallylamine and the carbon dioxide act to ensure that the polyallylamine is crosslinked, so that the soil is well fixed, and the water loss and the soil erosion are effectively reduced;
(4) mixing and fermenting rice hull fiber, biogas slurry, cane sugar and water, adding ferric nitrate solution, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value to 7.8-8.1, stirring and mixing, filtering, drying, gradually heating and carbonizing, treating with high-temperature high-pressure water vapor, drying and ball-milling to obtain pretreated rice hull fiber, wherein in the preparation process, firstly, the permeability of the fiber is improved by fermentation, then, the ferric nitrate solution is added, as the surface of a bacterial cell wall entering the fiber is negatively charged, positively charged iron ions can be absorbed, the sodium hydroxide solution is dropwise added to adjust the pH value, so that the iron ions entering the fiber are precipitated, then in the high-temperature carbonization process, the ferric hydroxide in the system loses water, the generated ferric oxide can be reduced into simple substance iron by carbon in the system along with the gradual rise of the system temperature, then under the condition of the high-temperature high-pressure water vapor, the simple substance iron deposited in the fiber reacts with water to generate magnetic ferroferric oxide, and then in the ball milling process, as the ball milling beads contain iron, the ball milling beads can provide larger friction force in the ball milling process, so that the obtained fiber pores are further extended, and the pores in the carbonized rice hull fiber are further enriched;
(5) mixing the pretreated rice hull fiber with hydrochloric acid for ultrasonic treatment, standing, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter cake, mixing the No. 2 filter cake with a sodium hydroxide solution, standing, filtering, washing and drying to obtain modified rice hull fiber, wherein in the process, the pretreated rice hull fiber is subjected to acid leaching to effectively remove ferroferric oxide in the pretreated rice hull fiber, and then, silicon in the rice hull fiber is effectively removed through sufficient alkaline leaching, so that the pores of the pretreated rice hull fiber are further enriched, the air permeability of soil is further improved through the improvement of the pores, and the respiration of plants is facilitated;
(6) stirring and mixing the enzymatic chitosan liquid, the mixed bacterial liquid, the modified rice hull fiber, the alkaloid, the phospholipid and the polyallylamine to obtain the multifunctional acid soil microbial modifier;
(7) and (5) detecting the product performance.
The preparation process of the multifunctional acid soil microbial improver comprises the following steps:
(1) placing chitosan and water in a beaker, stirring for 10-20 min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 3-5 h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 40-60 min at the temperature of 90-95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500-600 r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the constant temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400-600 r/min for 40-60 min, and heating to 90-95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid;
(2) placing volcanic ash and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 20-30% into a single-neck flask, stirring, mixing and soaking for 2-3 hours at the rotating speed of 400-600 r/min, filtering to obtain No. 1 filter residue, then placing No. 1 filter residue into a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20-30%, stirring, mixing and soaking for 1-2 hours at the rotating speed of 600-800 r/min, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter residue, washing No. 2 filter residue for 3-5 times with deionized water, then placing No. 2 filter residue into an oven, drying to constant weight at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ to obtain pretreated volcanic ash;
(3) placing the pretreated volcanic ash, the bacillus pasteurii, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the urea into a No. 1 fermentation kettle, and stirring, mixing and fermenting for 3-5 days at the temperature of 28-32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) putting rice hull fiber, biogas slurry, cane sugar and water into a No. 2 fermentation kettle, stirring, mixing and fermenting for 3-5 days at the temperature of 32-35 ℃, adding a ferric nitrate solution with the mass fraction of 10-20%, adding a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20-30% into the No. 2 fermentation kettle, adjusting the pH value to 7.8-8.1, stirring and mixing for 40-60 min at the rotating speed of 600-800 r/min, filtering to obtain a No. 1 filter cake, putting the No. 1 filter cake into a drying oven, drying to constant weight at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ to obtain a dried No. 1 filter cake, putting the dried No. 1 filter cake into a carbonization furnace, filling nitrogen into the furnace at the speed of 60-90 mL/min, heating to 850-950 ℃ at the speed of 10-15 ℃/min, carbonizing at the temperature of 850-950 ℃ for 2-3 hours, cooling to the room temperature along with the furnace, obtaining a carbonized material, then placing the carbonized material in a reaction kettle, introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the reaction kettle, treating for 2-3 h at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ and the pressure of 1.8-2.1 MPa to obtain a treated material, then placing the treated material in an oven, drying to constant weight at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ to obtain a dried treated material, and then placing the dried treated material in a ball mill for ball milling for 40-60 min to obtain pretreated rice hull fibers;
(5) placing pretreated rice hull fibers and hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 20-30% into a three-neck flask, then placing the three-neck flask into an ultrasonic disperser, mixing the mixture with ultrasonic waves for 40-60 min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 55-75 kHz, standing for 2-3 h, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter cake, then stirring and mixing the No. 2 filter cake and sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30-35% at the rotation speed of 500-700 r/min for 1-2, standing for 2-3 h, filtering to obtain No. 3 filter cake, washing the No. 3 filter cake for 5-8 times with deionized water, then placing the washed No. 3 filter cake into a drying oven, and drying to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 105-110 ℃ to obtain modified rice hull fibers;
(6) placing the enzymatic chitosan liquid, the mixed bacterial liquid, the modified rice hull fiber, the alkaloid, the phospholipid and the polyallylamine into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 40-60 min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1000-1100 r/min to obtain the multifunctional acid soil microorganism modifier;
(7) and (5) detecting the product performance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, the mixed bacteria liquid is added, and in the using process, firstly, the abundant pores of the pretreated volcanic ash particles are beneficial to loading the pasteurella in the system, so that the pasteurella can fully enter the pretreated volcanic ash particles and can be effectively protected, the service life of the pasteurella is prolonged, and the service life of the product is further prolonged;
secondly, the pasteurella bacillus can decompose urea and generate carbonate ions, the carbonate ions can combine with hydrogen ions in acid soil and generate carbonic acid, the carbonic acid is unstable, after the soil is heated by illumination in daytime, the carbonic acid can be decomposed to generate water and carbon dioxide, the consumption of the hydrogen ions can play a role in adjusting the pH value of the soil, the water can be directly supplied to plants for utilization, and the carbon dioxide is released from the soil, so that the pore structure of the soil is enriched, the air and water can be favorably permeated into the soil, the water retention performance of the soil is improved, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the porosity of the soil is increased, the content of soluble salts in the soil is balanced, the further action of the pasteurella bacillus in the soil is favorably realized, the acid soil is effectively repaired, secondly, the generated carbon dioxide can act with polyallylamine in raw materials and the polyallylamine and the carbon dioxide act, the polyallylamine is crosslinked, so that the polyallylamine can well fix soil and effectively reduce water loss and soil erosion;
(2) in the preparation process, firstly, the permeability of the fiber is improved by fermentation, then ferric nitrate solution is added, the surface of the bacterial cell wall entering the fiber is negatively charged, and can absorb positively charged iron ions, sodium hydroxide solution is dropwise added to adjust the pH value, so that the iron ions entering the fiber are precipitated, then in the high-temperature carbonization process, the ferric hydroxide in the system loses water, the generated ferric oxide can be reduced into simple substance iron by the carbon in the system along with the gradual rise of the system temperature, then in the condition of high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor, the simple substance iron deposited in the fiber reacts with water to generate magnetic ferroferric oxide, and then in the ball milling process, as the ball milling beads contain iron, the high friction force can be provided in the ball milling process, so that the obtained fiber pores are further extended, the pores in the carbonized rice hull fiber are further enriched;
secondly, the rice hull fiber is subjected to acid leaching, so that ferroferric oxide in the rice hull fiber is effectively removed, and then the silicon in the rice hull fiber is effectively removed through sufficient alkaline leaching, so that the pores of the rice hull fiber are further enriched, the air permeability of the soil is further improved due to the improvement of the pores, and the respiration of plants is facilitated.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present invention, the following examples are given, and the method for testing each index of the multifunctional acidic soil microbial improver prepared in the following examples is as follows:
the improvement effect is as follows: selecting a test field with the pH value of 4.9, and dividing the test field into a plurality of equal parts; and detecting the improvement effect of different test pieces on the acid soil, measuring the volume weight of the improved soil by using a cutting ring method, detecting and measuring the pH value of the improved soil by using an acidimeter method, and recording the change result.
Example 1
A multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine.
The alkaloid is ephedrine.
The phospholipid is soybean phospholipid.
(1) Sequentially taking 2 parts of chitosan, 0.02 part of chitosanase and 120 parts of water according to the parts by weight, placing the chitosan and the water in a beaker, stirring for 20min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 5h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min at a constant temperature for 60min, and heating to 95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid;
(2) sequentially taking 20 parts of volcanic ash, 30 parts of hydrochloric acid and 40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, placing the volcanic ash and the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30% into a single-neck flask, stirring, mixing and soaking for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 600r/min, filtering to obtain No. 1 filter residue, then placing the No. 1 filter residue into the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, stirring, mixing and soaking for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter residue, then washing the No. 2 filter residue for 5 times by using deionized water, then placing the No. 2 filter residue into an oven, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain pretreated volcanic ash;
(3) according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 30 parts of pretreated volcanic ash, 2 parts of pasteurella, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 60 parts of water and 8 parts of urea, putting the pretreated volcanic ash, the pasteurella, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the urea into a No. 1 fermentation kettle, and stirring, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) according to the weight parts, 30 parts of rice hull fiber, 3 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of cane sugar, 40 parts of water and 20 parts of ferric nitrate solution are placed in a No. 2 fermentation kettle, stirred, mixed and fermented for 5 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, then the ferric nitrate solution with the mass fraction of 20% is added, then the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the No. 2 fermentation kettle to adjust the pH value to 8.1, the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtered to obtain No. 1 filter cake, then the No. 1 filter cake is placed in a drying oven, dried to the constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the No. 1 filter cake, then the dried No. 1 filter cake is placed in a carbonization furnace, nitrogen is filled into the furnace at the speed of 90mL/min, the temperature is raised to 950 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, carbonizing for 3h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a carbonized material, then placing the carbonized material in a reaction kettle, introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the reaction kettle, treating for 3h under the conditions that the temperature is 320 ℃ and the pressure is 2.1MPa to obtain a treated material, then placing the treated material in a drying oven, drying to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain a dried treated material, and then placing the dried treated material in a ball mill for ball milling for 60min to obtain pretreated rice hull fibers;
(5) taking 40 parts of pretreated rice hull fiber, 80 parts of hydrochloric acid and 80 parts of sodium hydroxide solution in sequence according to parts by weight, placing the pretreated rice hull fiber and 30% hydrochloric acid in a three-neck flask, placing the three-neck flask in an ultrasonic dispersion instrument, mixing and ultrasonically treating the mixture for 60min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 75kHz, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 2 filter cake, stirring and mixing No. 2 filter cake and 35% sodium hydroxide solution at the rotating speed of 700r/min for 2h, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 3 filter cake, washing the No. 3 filter cake for 8 times by using deionized water, placing the washed No. 3 filter cake in an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain modified rice hull fiber;
(6) sequentially taking 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine according to parts by weight, putting the enzymatic chitosan liquid, the mixed bacteria liquid, the modified rice hull fiber, the alkaloid, the phospholipid and the polyallylamine into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1100r/min to obtain the multifunctional acidic soil microbial modifier;
(7) and (5) detecting the product performance.
Example 2
A multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine.
The alkaloid is ephedrine.
The phospholipid is soybean phospholipid.
(1) Sequentially taking 2 parts of chitosan, 0.02 part of chitosanase and 120 parts of water according to the parts by weight, placing the chitosan and the water in a beaker, stirring for 20min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 5h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min at a constant temperature for 60min, and heating to 95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid;
(2) according to the weight parts, 30 parts of rice hull fiber, 3 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of cane sugar, 40 parts of water and 20 parts of ferric nitrate solution are placed in a No. 2 fermentation kettle, stirred, mixed and fermented for 5 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, then the ferric nitrate solution with the mass fraction of 20% is added, then the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the No. 2 fermentation kettle to adjust the pH value to 8.1, the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtered to obtain No. 1 filter cake, then the No. 1 filter cake is placed in a drying oven, dried to the constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the No. 1 filter cake, then the dried No. 1 filter cake is placed in a carbonization furnace, nitrogen is filled into the furnace at the speed of 90mL/min, the temperature is raised to 950 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, carbonizing for 3h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a carbonized material, then placing the carbonized material in a reaction kettle, introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the reaction kettle, treating for 3h under the conditions that the temperature is 320 ℃ and the pressure is 2.1MPa to obtain a treated material, then placing the treated material in a drying oven, drying to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain a dried treated material, and then placing the dried treated material in a ball mill for ball milling for 60min to obtain pretreated rice hull fibers;
(3) taking 40 parts of pretreated rice hull fiber, 80 parts of hydrochloric acid and 80 parts of sodium hydroxide solution in sequence according to parts by weight, placing the pretreated rice hull fiber and 30% hydrochloric acid in a three-neck flask, placing the three-neck flask in an ultrasonic dispersion instrument, mixing and ultrasonically treating the mixture for 60min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 75kHz, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 2 filter cake, stirring and mixing No. 2 filter cake and 35% sodium hydroxide solution at the rotating speed of 700r/min for 2h, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 3 filter cake, washing the No. 3 filter cake for 8 times by using deionized water, placing the washed No. 3 filter cake in an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain modified rice hull fiber;
(4) sequentially taking 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine according to the parts by weight, putting the enzymatic chitosan liquid, the modified rice hull fiber, the alkaloid, the phospholipid and the polyallylamine into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1100r/min to obtain the multifunctional acidic soil microorganism modifier;
(5) and (5) detecting the product performance.
Example 3
A multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine.
The alkaloid is ephedrine.
The phospholipid is soybean phospholipid.
(1) Sequentially taking 2 parts of chitosan, 0.02 part of chitosanase and 120 parts of water according to the parts by weight, placing the chitosan and the water in a beaker, stirring for 20min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 5h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min at a constant temperature for 60min, and heating to 95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid;
(2) sequentially taking 20 parts of volcanic ash, 30 parts of hydrochloric acid and 40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, placing the volcanic ash and the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30% into a single-neck flask, stirring, mixing and soaking for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 600r/min, filtering to obtain No. 1 filter residue, then placing the No. 1 filter residue into the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, stirring, mixing and soaking for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter residue, then washing the No. 2 filter residue for 5 times by using deionized water, then placing the No. 2 filter residue into an oven, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain pretreated volcanic ash;
(3) according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 30 parts of pretreated volcanic ash, 2 parts of pasteurella, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 60 parts of water and 8 parts of urea, putting the pretreated volcanic ash, the pasteurella, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the urea into a No. 1 fermentation kettle, and stirring, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) sequentially taking 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine according to the parts by weight, putting the enzymatic chitosan liquid, the mixed bacteria liquid, the rice hull fiber, the alkaloid, the phospholipid and the polyallylamine into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1100r/min to obtain the multifunctional acidic soil microorganism modifier;
(5) and (5) detecting the product performance.
Example 4
A multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid and 5 parts of phospholipid.
The alkaloid is ephedrine.
The phospholipid is soybean phospholipid.
(1) Sequentially taking 2 parts of chitosan, 0.02 part of chitosanase and 120 parts of water according to the parts by weight, placing the chitosan and the water in a beaker, stirring for 20min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 5h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min at a constant temperature for 60min, and heating to 95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid;
(2) sequentially taking 20 parts of volcanic ash, 30 parts of hydrochloric acid and 40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, placing the volcanic ash and the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30% into a single-neck flask, stirring, mixing and soaking for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 600r/min, filtering to obtain No. 1 filter residue, then placing the No. 1 filter residue into the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, stirring, mixing and soaking for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter residue, then washing the No. 2 filter residue for 5 times by using deionized water, then placing the No. 2 filter residue into an oven, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain pretreated volcanic ash;
(3) according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 30 parts of pretreated volcanic ash, 2 parts of pasteurella, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 60 parts of water and 8 parts of urea, putting the pretreated volcanic ash, the pasteurella, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the urea into a No. 1 fermentation kettle, and stirring, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) according to the weight parts, 30 parts of rice hull fiber, 3 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of cane sugar, 40 parts of water and 20 parts of ferric nitrate solution are placed in a No. 2 fermentation kettle, stirred, mixed and fermented for 5 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, then the ferric nitrate solution with the mass fraction of 20% is added, then the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the No. 2 fermentation kettle to adjust the pH value to 8.1, the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtered to obtain No. 1 filter cake, then the No. 1 filter cake is placed in a drying oven, dried to the constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the No. 1 filter cake, then the dried No. 1 filter cake is placed in a carbonization furnace, nitrogen is filled into the furnace at the speed of 90mL/min, the temperature is raised to 950 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, carbonizing for 3h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a carbonized material, then placing the carbonized material in a reaction kettle, introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the reaction kettle, treating for 3h under the conditions that the temperature is 320 ℃ and the pressure is 2.1MPa to obtain a treated material, then placing the treated material in a drying oven, drying to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain a dried treated material, and then placing the dried treated material in a ball mill for ball milling for 60min to obtain pretreated rice hull fibers;
(5) taking 40 parts of pretreated rice hull fiber, 80 parts of hydrochloric acid and 80 parts of sodium hydroxide solution in sequence according to parts by weight, placing the pretreated rice hull fiber and 30% hydrochloric acid in a three-neck flask, placing the three-neck flask in an ultrasonic dispersion instrument, mixing and ultrasonically treating the mixture for 60min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 75kHz, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 2 filter cake, stirring and mixing No. 2 filter cake and 35% sodium hydroxide solution at the rotating speed of 700r/min for 2h, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 3 filter cake, washing the No. 3 filter cake for 8 times by using deionized water, placing the washed No. 3 filter cake in an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain modified rice hull fiber;
(6) sequentially taking 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan solution, 8 parts of mixed bacteria solution, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid and 5 parts of phospholipid according to parts by weight, putting the enzymatic chitosan solution, the mixed bacteria solution, the modified rice hull fiber, the alkaloid and the phospholipid into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1100r/min to obtain the multifunctional acidic soil microorganism modifier;
(7) and (5) detecting the product performance.
Example 5
A multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine.
The phospholipid is soybean phospholipid.
(1) Sequentially taking 2 parts of chitosan, 0.02 part of chitosanase and 120 parts of water according to the parts by weight, placing the chitosan and the water in a beaker, stirring for 20min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 5h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min at a constant temperature for 60min, and heating to 95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid;
(2) sequentially taking 20 parts of volcanic ash, 30 parts of hydrochloric acid and 40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, placing the volcanic ash and the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30% into a single-neck flask, stirring, mixing and soaking for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 600r/min, filtering to obtain No. 1 filter residue, then placing the No. 1 filter residue into the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, stirring, mixing and soaking for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter residue, then washing the No. 2 filter residue for 5 times by using deionized water, then placing the No. 2 filter residue into an oven, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain pretreated volcanic ash;
(3) according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 30 parts of pretreated volcanic ash, 2 parts of pasteurella, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 60 parts of water and 8 parts of urea, putting the pretreated volcanic ash, the pasteurella, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the urea into a No. 1 fermentation kettle, and stirring, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) according to the weight parts, 30 parts of rice hull fiber, 3 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of cane sugar, 40 parts of water and 20 parts of ferric nitrate solution are placed in a No. 2 fermentation kettle, stirred, mixed and fermented for 5 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, then the ferric nitrate solution with the mass fraction of 20% is added, then the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the No. 2 fermentation kettle to adjust the pH value to 8.1, the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtered to obtain No. 1 filter cake, then the No. 1 filter cake is placed in a drying oven, dried to the constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the No. 1 filter cake, then the dried No. 1 filter cake is placed in a carbonization furnace, nitrogen is filled into the furnace at the speed of 90mL/min, the temperature is raised to 950 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, carbonizing for 3h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a carbonized material, then placing the carbonized material in a reaction kettle, introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the reaction kettle, treating for 3h under the conditions that the temperature is 320 ℃ and the pressure is 2.1MPa to obtain a treated material, then placing the treated material in a drying oven, drying to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain a dried treated material, and then placing the dried treated material in a ball mill for ball milling for 60min to obtain pretreated rice hull fibers;
(5) taking 40 parts of pretreated rice hull fiber, 80 parts of hydrochloric acid and 80 parts of sodium hydroxide solution in sequence according to parts by weight, placing the pretreated rice hull fiber and 30% hydrochloric acid in a three-neck flask, placing the three-neck flask in an ultrasonic dispersion instrument, mixing and ultrasonically treating the mixture for 60min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 75kHz, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 2 filter cake, stirring and mixing No. 2 filter cake and 35% sodium hydroxide solution at the rotating speed of 700r/min for 2h, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 3 filter cake, washing the No. 3 filter cake for 8 times by using deionized water, placing the washed No. 3 filter cake in an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain modified rice hull fiber;
(6) taking 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine in sequence according to parts by weight, putting the enzymatic chitosan liquid, the mixed bacteria liquid, the modified rice hull fiber, the phospholipid and the polyallylamine into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1100r/min to obtain the multifunctional acidic soil microorganism modifier;
(7) and (5) detecting the product performance.
Example 6
A multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid and 20 parts of polyallylamine.
The alkaloid is ephedrine.
(1) Sequentially taking 2 parts of chitosan, 0.02 part of chitosanase and 120 parts of water according to the parts by weight, placing the chitosan and the water in a beaker, stirring for 20min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 5h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min at a constant temperature for 60min, and heating to 95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid;
(2) sequentially taking 20 parts of volcanic ash, 30 parts of hydrochloric acid and 40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, placing the volcanic ash and the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30% into a single-neck flask, stirring, mixing and soaking for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 600r/min, filtering to obtain No. 1 filter residue, then placing the No. 1 filter residue into the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, stirring, mixing and soaking for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter residue, then washing the No. 2 filter residue for 5 times by using deionized water, then placing the No. 2 filter residue into an oven, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain pretreated volcanic ash;
(3) according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 30 parts of pretreated volcanic ash, 2 parts of pasteurella, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 60 parts of water and 8 parts of urea, putting the pretreated volcanic ash, the pasteurella, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the urea into a No. 1 fermentation kettle, and stirring, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) according to the weight parts, 30 parts of rice hull fiber, 3 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of cane sugar, 40 parts of water and 20 parts of ferric nitrate solution are placed in a No. 2 fermentation kettle, stirred, mixed and fermented for 5 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, then the ferric nitrate solution with the mass fraction of 20% is added, then the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the No. 2 fermentation kettle to adjust the pH value to 8.1, the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtered to obtain No. 1 filter cake, then the No. 1 filter cake is placed in a drying oven, dried to the constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the No. 1 filter cake, then the dried No. 1 filter cake is placed in a carbonization furnace, nitrogen is filled into the furnace at the speed of 90mL/min, the temperature is raised to 950 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, carbonizing for 3h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a carbonized material, then placing the carbonized material in a reaction kettle, introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the reaction kettle, treating for 3h under the conditions that the temperature is 320 ℃ and the pressure is 2.1MPa to obtain a treated material, then placing the treated material in a drying oven, drying to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain a dried treated material, and then placing the dried treated material in a ball mill for ball milling for 60min to obtain pretreated rice hull fibers;
(5) taking 40 parts of pretreated rice hull fiber, 80 parts of hydrochloric acid and 80 parts of sodium hydroxide solution in sequence according to parts by weight, placing the pretreated rice hull fiber and 30% hydrochloric acid in a three-neck flask, placing the three-neck flask in an ultrasonic dispersion instrument, mixing and ultrasonically treating the mixture for 60min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 75kHz, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 2 filter cake, stirring and mixing No. 2 filter cake and 35% sodium hydroxide solution at the rotating speed of 700r/min for 2h, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 3 filter cake, washing the No. 3 filter cake for 8 times by using deionized water, placing the washed No. 3 filter cake in an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain modified rice hull fiber;
(6) sequentially taking 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid and 20 parts of polyallylamine according to the parts by weight, putting the enzymatic chitosan liquid, the mixed bacteria liquid, the modified rice hull fiber, the alkaloid and the polyallylamine into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1100r/min to obtain the multifunctional acidic soil microbial modifier;
(7) and (5) detecting the product performance.
Comparative example
A multifunctional acid soil microorganism improver comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid and 20 parts of rice hull fiber.
(1) Sequentially taking 2 parts of chitosan, 0.02 part of chitosanase and 120 parts of water according to the parts by weight, placing the chitosan and the water in a beaker, stirring for 20min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 5h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min at a constant temperature for 60min, and heating to 95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid;
(6) sequentially taking 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid and 20 parts of rice hull fiber according to the parts by weight, putting the enzymatic chitosan liquid and the rice hull fiber into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1100r/min to obtain the multifunctional acid soil microorganism modifier;
(7) and (5) detecting the product performance.
Performance test table:
table 1:
as can be seen from table 1: by comparing examples 1, 2 and 4 with the comparative example, the pasteurella bacillus can decompose urea and generate carbonate ions, the carbonate ions can combine with hydrogen ions in acid soil and generate carbonic acid, the carbonic acid is unstable, after the soil is heated by illumination in daytime, water and carbon dioxide can be decomposed and generated, the consumption of the hydrogen ions can play a role in adjusting the pH value of the soil, the water can be directly supplied to plants for utilization, and the carbon dioxide is released from the soil, so that the pore structure of the soil is enriched, the air and water can permeate into the soil, the water retention performance of the soil is improved, the volume weight of the soil is reduced, the porosity of the soil is increased, the content of soluble salt in the soil is balanced, the further action of the pasteurella bacillus in the soil is facilitated, the acid soil is effectively repaired, and the generated carbon dioxide can act with polyallylamine in the raw material, the polyallylamine and carbon dioxide act to ensure that the polyallylamine is crosslinked, so that the polyallylamine can well fix soil and effectively reduce water and soil loss; in the process, the pretreated rice hull fiber is subjected to acid leaching, so that ferroferric oxide in the pretreated rice hull fiber is effectively removed, and then, silicon in the rice hull fiber is effectively removed through sufficient alkaline leaching, so that pores of the pretreated rice hull fiber are further enriched, the air permeability of soil is further improved through the improvement of the pores, and the respiration of plants is facilitated.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method of a multifunctional acid soil microbial improver is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: (1) sequentially taking 2 parts of chitosan, 0.02 part of chitosanase and 120 parts of water according to the parts by weight, placing the chitosan and the water in a beaker, stirring for 20min by using a glass rod, standing and swelling for 5h, placing the beaker in a digital display speed measurement constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating, stirring and dissolving for 60min at the temperature of 95 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the chitosanase into the beaker, stirring at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min at a constant temperature for 60min, and heating to 95 ℃ to inactivate enzyme to obtain an enzymatic chitosan liquid; (2) sequentially taking 20 parts of volcanic ash, 30 parts of hydrochloric acid and 40 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, placing the volcanic ash and the hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30% into a single-neck flask, stirring, mixing and soaking for 3 hours at the rotating speed of 600r/min, filtering to obtain No. 1 filter residue, then placing the No. 1 filter residue into the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, stirring, mixing and soaking for 2 hours at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtering to obtain No. 2 filter residue, then washing the No. 2 filter residue for 5 times by using deionized water, then placing the No. 2 filter residue into an oven, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain pretreated volcanic ash; (3) according to the weight parts, sequentially taking 30 parts of pretreated volcanic ash, 2 parts of pasteurella, 2 parts of glycerol, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol, 60 parts of water and 8 parts of urea, putting the pretreated volcanic ash, the pasteurella, the glycerol, the polyethylene glycol, the water and the urea into a No. 1 fermentation kettle, and stirring, mixing and fermenting for 5 days at the temperature of 32 ℃ to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid; (4) according to the weight parts, 30 parts of rice hull fiber, 3 parts of biogas slurry, 2 parts of cane sugar, 40 parts of water and 20 parts of ferric nitrate solution are placed in a No. 2 fermentation kettle, stirred, mixed and fermented for 5 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, then the ferric nitrate solution with the mass fraction of 20% is added, then the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% is added into the No. 2 fermentation kettle to adjust the pH value to 8.1, the mixture is stirred and mixed for 60min at the rotating speed of 800r/min, filtered to obtain No. 1 filter cake, then the No. 1 filter cake is placed in a drying oven, dried to the constant weight at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the No. 1 filter cake, then the dried No. 1 filter cake is placed in a carbonization furnace, nitrogen is filled into the furnace at the speed of 90mL/min, the temperature is raised to 950 ℃ at the speed of 15 ℃/min, carbonizing for 3h, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain a carbonized material, then placing the carbonized material in a reaction kettle, introducing high-temperature and high-pressure steam into the reaction kettle, treating for 3h under the conditions that the temperature is 320 ℃ and the pressure is 2.1MPa to obtain a treated material, then placing the treated material in a drying oven, drying to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain a dried treated material, and then placing the dried treated material in a ball mill for ball milling for 60min to obtain pretreated rice hull fibers; (5) taking 40 parts of pretreated rice hull fiber, 80 parts of hydrochloric acid and 80 parts of sodium hydroxide solution in sequence according to parts by weight, placing the pretreated rice hull fiber and 30% hydrochloric acid in a three-neck flask, placing the three-neck flask in an ultrasonic dispersion instrument, mixing and ultrasonically treating the mixture for 60min under the condition that the ultrasonic frequency is 75kHz, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 2 filter cake, stirring and mixing No. 2 filter cake and 35% sodium hydroxide solution at the rotating speed of 700r/min for 2h, standing the mixture for 3h, filtering the mixture to obtain No. 3 filter cake, washing the No. 3 filter cake for 8 times by using deionized water, placing the washed No. 3 filter cake in an oven, and drying the filter cake to constant weight under the condition that the temperature is 110 ℃ to obtain modified rice hull fiber; (6) sequentially taking 60 parts of enzymatic chitosan liquid, 8 parts of mixed bacteria liquid, 20 parts of modified rice hull fiber, 5 parts of alkaloid, 5 parts of phospholipid and 20 parts of polyallylamine according to parts by weight, putting the enzymatic chitosan liquid, the mixed bacteria liquid, the modified rice hull fiber, the alkaloid, the phospholipid and the polyallylamine into a mixer, and stirring and mixing for 60min under the condition that the rotating speed is 1100r/min to obtain the multifunctional acidic soil microbial modifier; (7) and (5) detecting the product performance.
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| CN111849496A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
| CN111849496B (en) | 2022-06-07 |
| CN110229670A (en) | 2019-09-13 |
| CN111849497A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
| CN110229670B (en) | 2020-07-03 |
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