CN111845962A - Loading and unloading truck and cargo loading and unloading method for loading and unloading truck - Google Patents
Loading and unloading truck and cargo loading and unloading method for loading and unloading truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN111845962A CN111845962A CN202010747373.0A CN202010747373A CN111845962A CN 111845962 A CN111845962 A CN 111845962A CN 202010747373 A CN202010747373 A CN 202010747373A CN 111845962 A CN111845962 A CN 111845962A
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D33/00—Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
- B62D33/04—Enclosed load compartments ; Frameworks for movable panels, tarpaulins or side curtains
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/44—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element
- B60P1/4414—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element and keeping the loading platform parallel to the ground when raising the load
- B60P1/4421—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element and keeping the loading platform parallel to the ground when raising the load the loading platform being carried in at least one vertical guide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/44—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element
- B60P1/4414—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element and keeping the loading platform parallel to the ground when raising the load
- B60P1/4435—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element and keeping the loading platform parallel to the ground when raising the load the loading platform being suspended by wires, chains or the like from horizontal rails, e.g. the rails forming part of the vehicle floor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/44—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element
- B60P1/4414—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element and keeping the loading platform parallel to the ground when raising the load
- B60P1/4442—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element and keeping the loading platform parallel to the ground when raising the load the raising device, when not in use, being stored inside the load-transporting compartment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/44—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element
- B60P1/4471—General means for controlling movements of the loading platform, e.g. hydraulic systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/44—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading having a loading platform thereon raising the load to the level of the load-transporting element
- B60P1/4492—Design or construction of the moving platform itself
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D33/00—Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
- B62D33/04—Enclosed load compartments ; Frameworks for movable panels, tarpaulins or side curtains
- B62D33/046—Enclosed load compartments ; Frameworks for movable panels, tarpaulins or side curtains built up with flat self-supporting panels; Fixed connections between panels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a loading and unloading truck and a cargo loading and unloading method of the loading and unloading truck, wherein the loading and unloading truck comprises the following components: a vehicle body; the carriage is positioned on the vehicle body and is provided with a vehicle door capable of being opened and closed; the goods shelf is positioned in the carriage and is provided with a plurality of goods spaces; the fork mechanism is movably arranged on the carriage and used for conveying goods outside the carriage to the goods position or conveying the goods from the goods position to the outside of the carriage. The technical scheme of this application has solved the artifical pile in the correlation technique effectively for goods handling efficiency is low, the higher problem of cost of labor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of logistics transportation, in particular to a loading and unloading truck and a cargo loading and unloading method of the loading and unloading truck.
Background
In a common van truck in the related art, loading and unloading of goods are mainly performed manually and by a forklift, and stacking of the goods in the carriage is mainly performed manually. When the goods are manually stacked, the goods loading and unloading efficiency is low, and the labor cost is high; goods are easy to damage in the process of drawing out the box; the heavy-load goods cause difficulty in tooling and unloading; the carriage is messy in stacking and inconvenient to manage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a loading and unloading truck and a cargo loading and unloading method of the loading and unloading truck, and aims to solve the problems of low cargo loading and unloading efficiency and high labor cost during manual stacking in the related technology.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a loading and unloading truck including: a vehicle body; the carriage is positioned on the vehicle body and is provided with a vehicle door capable of being opened and closed; the goods shelf is positioned in the carriage and is provided with a plurality of goods spaces; the fork mechanism is movably arranged on the carriage and used for conveying goods outside the carriage to the goods position or conveying the goods from the goods position to the outside of the carriage.
Further, the fork mechanism comprises a track device, a sliding part, a fork frame and a fork, wherein the track device is located in the middle of the goods shelf, the sliding part is movably arranged on the track device, the fork frame is rotatably arranged on the sliding part, the fork is arranged on the fork frame in a lifting mode, and the fork is provided with a discharging position located outside the carriage and a discharging position located in the carriage.
Further, the track device is matched with the sliding part through the guide structure, the sliding part is matched with the fork frame through gear transmission, and the fork is matched with the fork frame through chain transmission.
Further, goods shelves include a plurality of support bodies that the interval set up, and the support body forms the goods position, and every support body includes tray and the support frame that the interval set up, forms between tray and the support frame and dodges the clearance, and the width of tray is less than the distance between two forks of fork, dodges the width that the clearance is greater than every fork.
Further, the tray includes the disk body and the support piece that supports the disk body, is provided with a plurality of anti-skidding breachs on the disk body.
The loading and unloading truck further comprises a controller arranged on the truck body and a truck door opening and closing device arranged on the carriage, and the truck door opening and closing device and the fork mechanism are controlled by the controller.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cargo handling method for a loading/unloading truck, which is applied to the loading/unloading truck, the cargo handling method including a loading step, the loading step including: receiving a loading code; the controller verifies whether the loading code is correct, and after the loading code is verified to be correct, the controller sends a door opening instruction to the door and sends a loading instruction to the fork mechanism; the door is opened, and the fork mechanism moves from the initial position to the loading position; after receiving the goods, the fork mechanism moves from the loading position to the discharging position so as to load the goods on the fork mechanism onto the goods shelf vacant positions corresponding to the loading codes.
Further, the cargo handling method further comprises a discharge step, the discharge step comprising: receiving the unloading codes, and sending an automobile door opening instruction to an automobile door and a unloading instruction to a fork mechanism by a controller; the vehicle door is opened, and the pallet fork mechanism moves from the initial position to a position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code; after receiving the goods, the fork mechanism moves from the position to be unloaded to the unloading position.
Further, in the process that the fork mechanism moves from the initial position to the loading position, the fork of the fork mechanism moves transversely from the initial position and then descends to the loading position, or the fork of the fork mechanism moves transversely from the initial position and then descends and rotates and then moves to the loading position.
Further, in the process that fork mechanism moves from the loading position to the release position, the fork of fork mechanism rises through the loading position, through lateral shifting, rise and rotatory back and stay in the top of goods shelves vacancy again, through the in-process that descends, goods dress on the fork is to the goods shelves vacancy that corresponds with the loading sign indicating number, and the fork moves to the release position, or the fork of fork mechanism rises through rotatory earlier by the loading position, through lateral shifting, rise and rotatory back and stay in the top of goods shelves vacancy again, through the in-process that descends, goods dress on the fork is to the goods shelves vacancy that corresponds with the loading sign indicating number, and the fork moves to the release position.
Further, in the process that the fork mechanism moves from the initial position to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code, the fork of the fork mechanism descends from the initial position, rotates to the position below the goods shelf to be unloaded, and moves to the fork when ascending, and the fork moves to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code, or the fork of the fork mechanism ascends from the initial position, rotates to the position below the goods shelf to be unloaded, and moves to the fork when ascending, and the fork moves to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the loading and unloading truck comprises: the car body, carriage, goods shelves and fork mechanism. The carriage is positioned on the vehicle body. The vehicle compartment has an openable door. The goods shelf is positioned in the carriage and is provided with a plurality of goods spaces. The fork mechanism is movably arranged on the carriage and used for conveying goods outside the carriage to the goods position or conveying the goods from the goods position to the outside of the carriage. The fork mechanism can convey goods outside the carriage to the goods position to realize loading, or the fork mechanism can deliver the goods from the goods position to the outside of the carriage to realize unloading. Like this, accomplish the in-process of loading or unloading, accomplish loading and unloading through fork mechanism and replaced artifical transport, pile operation, improved handling efficiency, reduced the cost of labor. Therefore, the technical scheme of the application effectively solves the problems of low cargo handling efficiency and high labor cost in manual stacking in the related technology.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a loading wagon according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a left side schematic view of the lift truck of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic front view of the lift truck of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the pickup truck of FIG. 1 with the bed removed;
FIG. 5 shows an enlarged schematic view at A of the loader truck of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 shows a left side schematic view of the fork mechanism of the lift truck of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 shows a schematic front view of a controller of the pickup truck of FIG. 1;
fig. 8 shows a loading step flowchart of an embodiment of a cargo handling method of a loading truck according to the present invention; and
fig. 9 shows a discharge step flowchart of the cargo-handling method of the discharge truck of fig. 8.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
1. goods; 10. a vehicle body; 20. a carriage; 21. a vehicle door; 30. a shelf; 31. a frame body; 311. a tray; 3111. a tray body; 3112. a support member; 3113. an anti-slip notch; 312. a support frame; 313. avoiding the gap; 40. a fork mechanism; 41. a rail device; 42. a slider; 43. a fork; 44. a pallet fork; 441. a fork; 51. a guide structure; 52. gear transmission is carried out; 53. chain transmission; 61. a controller; 62. a door opening/closing device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the loading and unloading truck of the present embodiment includes: a body 10, a car 20, a rack 30, and a fork mechanism 40. The vehicle compartment 20 is located on the vehicle body 10. The vehicle compartment 20 has an openable and closable door 21. The shelf 30 is located in the compartment 20, and the shelf 30 has a plurality of cargo spaces. The fork mechanism 40 is movably disposed in the car 20 for transporting cargo outside the car 20 to and from a cargo bay.
With the solution of the present embodiment, the fork mechanism 40 is movably disposed in the car 20 for transporting goods outside the car 20 to the cargo space or delivering goods from the cargo space to the outside of the car 20. The fork mechanism 40 can transport cargo outside the bed 20 to the cargo space for loading, or the fork mechanism 40 can transport cargo from the cargo space to outside the bed 20 for unloading. Like this, accomplish the in-process of loading or unloading, accomplish loading and unloading through fork mechanism and replaced artifical transport, pile operation, improved handling efficiency, reduced the cost of labor. Therefore, the technical scheme of the embodiment effectively solves the problems of low cargo handling efficiency and high labor cost in manual stacking in the related art. In addition, the fork mechanism 40 is easy to load and unload when heavy loads are encountered; the goods position is piled in order in the carriage, and the management is convenient.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the fork mechanism 40 includes a rail device 41, a slider 42, a fork carriage 43, and forks 44. The rail device 41 is located at a middle position of the shelf 30. The rail means 41 in the intermediate position on the one hand facilitates the movement of the forks 44 and on the other hand makes it less likely that other structures, such as the pallets 30, will interfere when the forks 44 are rotated. The slider 42 is movably disposed on the rail device 41, the fork carriage 43 is rotatably disposed on the slider 42, the forks 44 are liftably disposed on the fork carriage 43, and the forks 44 have a discharge position outside the vehicle body 20 and a discharge position inside the vehicle body 20. In this way, the slider 42 can be moved relative to the rail device 41, the fork carriage 43 can be rotated relative to the slider 42, and the forks 44 can be raised and lowered relative to the fork carriage 43.
As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the rail device 41 is engaged with the slider 42 through the guide structure 51. The slide 42 cooperates with the fork 43 via a gear transmission 52. The forks 44 engage the fork carriage 43 via a chain drive 53. The rail device 41 cooperates with the sliding member 42 through the guide structure 51 to make the movement of the sliding member 42 more smooth. The slide 42 cooperates with the fork 43 via a gear transmission 52 so that the fork 43 rotates accurately. The engagement of the forks 44 with the fork carriage 43 via the chain drive 53 allows for more smooth lifting of the forks 44.
Specifically, the guiding structure 51 includes a sliding rail and a sliding groove matched with the sliding rail, the sliding groove is disposed at the bottom of the sliding member 42, and the sliding rail is disposed on the rail device 41. The rail means 41 is also coupled to the slide 42 by means of a belt drive comprising a first motor arranged on the rail means 41 and a toothed belt driven by the first motor and arranged on the slide 42. The gear transmission 52 is a ring gear transmission, and the gear transmission 52 includes a second motor, a first gear driven by the second motor, and a second gear driven by the first gear, and the second gear is provided at the bottom of the fork 43. The chain drive 53 comprises a third motor and a chain driven by the third motor, the third motor is arranged on the fork frame 43, and the chain is sleeved on the fork frame 43 and drives the fork 44 to lift. The first motor, the second motor and the third motor are all servo motors. The fork carriage 43 of this embodiment is also provided with a photoelectric switch capable of detecting the position of the forks 44 on the fork carriage 43 in real time.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the shelf 30 includes eight shelf bodies 31 arranged at intervals. The shelf 31 forms a cargo space. Each shelf 31 includes spaced trays 311 and a support shelf 312. The tray 311 is provided to hold the cargo 1 so that the cargo 1 is parked in the vehicle compartment 20. The support frame 312 is arranged to enable a larger contact area to be formed between the frame body 31 and the goods 1, so that an auxiliary support effect of the goods 1 is achieved. In order to prevent the two forks 441 of the fork 44 from interfering with the frame body 31 during the lifting process and prevent the goods from being easily damaged during the drawing operation of the loader or the unloader in the related art, a clearance 313 is formed between the tray 311 and the supporting frame 312 in the embodiment, the width of the tray 311 is smaller than the distance between the two forks 441 of the fork 44, and the clearance 313 is larger than the width of each fork 441. Thus, the damage of the frame body 31 or the fork 44 to the goods in the loading and unloading process of the fork 44 is reduced, and meanwhile, the goods which are easy to damage in the process of the box drawing operation of a loader or an unloader are also avoided.
Of course, in other embodiments not shown in the drawings, the number of the rack bodies is not limited to eight, and may be four, six, ten or more.
As shown in fig. 5, the tray 311 includes a tray body 3111 and a support 3112 supporting the tray body 3111. The support 3112 may enhance the structural strength of the tray body 3111, enabling the tray body 3111 to hold up the cargo 1. The tray body 3111 is provided with a plurality of slip-preventing notches 3113. The provision of the plurality of slip-preventing notches 3113 can increase the frictional force between the tray body 3111 and the cargo 1, so that the cargo 1 is not easily slipped with respect to the tray body 3111.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the loading and unloading truck further includes a controller 61 provided on the body 10 and a door opening and closing device 62 provided on the cabin 20. The door opening and closing device 62 and the fork mechanism 40 are controlled by the controller 61. The door opening/closing device 62 can drive the door 21 to be automatically opened or closed under the control of the controller 61. Under the control of the controller 61, the slider 42 can be automatically moved, the fork carriage 43 can be automatically rotated, and the forks 44 can be automatically lifted and lowered. The controller 61 is electrically connected to the first motor, the second motor, the third motor and the photoelectric switch. The controller 61 is preferably a PLC controller. The door 21 of the present embodiment is a side door of the vehicle compartment 20.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the door opening and closing device 62 includes a plurality of hinges, a link assembly, and a telescopically arranged support rod. The linkage assembly includes a first linkage and a second linkage connected by a first hinge. The first end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with the side door through a second hinged member, the first end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected with the carriage through a third hinged member, and the second end of the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with the second end of the second connecting rod through a first hinged member. The first end of the supporting rod is rotatably connected with the carriage through a fourth hinging piece, and the second end of the supporting rod is rotatably connected with the second end of the first connecting rod and the second end of the second connecting rod through the first hinging piece. The telescopic supporting rod enables the operation of opening or closing the side door to be more convenient. The support rod comprises a cylinder and a piston rod movably arranged in the cylinder.
As shown in fig. 7, the controller 61 has a human-machine interface, and implements operations of loading, unloading, and querying of the goods by a loader or an unloader through the human-machine interface, and can implement one-key loading, unloading, and stacking functions of the goods, thereby improving the goods transfer efficiency, and simultaneously reducing the operation steps of the loader and the unloader.
The application also provides a cargo loading and unloading method of the loading and unloading truck, as shown in fig. 8, the loading and unloading truck is applied to loading and unloading. The cargo handling method includes a loading step. The loading step comprises: receiving a loading code; the controller verifies whether the loading code is correct, and after the loading code is verified to be correct, the controller sends a door opening instruction to the door 21 and sends a loading instruction to the fork mechanism 40; the door 21 is opened, and the fork mechanism 40 is moved from the initial position to the loading position; the fork mechanism 40, upon receiving the goods, moves from the loading position to the put position to load the goods on the fork mechanism 40 onto the shelf empty space corresponding to the loading code. The loading and unloading truck can solve the problems of low loading and unloading efficiency and high labor cost in manual stacking in the related technology, and the cargo loading and unloading method of the loading and unloading truck for loading and unloading by applying the loading and unloading truck has the same loading and stacking effects.
As shown in fig. 9, the cargo handling method further includes a discharge step, the discharge step including: receiving the unloading code, the controller sends an instruction for opening the door 21 to the door 21 and sends an unloading instruction to the fork mechanism 40; the door 21 is opened, and the fork mechanism 40 moves from the initial position to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code; the fork mechanism 40, upon receiving the load, moves from the position to be unloaded to the position to be unloaded. The cargo loading and unloading method of the loading and unloading truck for loading and unloading by applying the loading and unloading truck has the same unloading effect.
As shown in fig. 8, during the movement of the fork mechanism 40 from the initial position to the loading position, the forks 44 of the fork mechanism 40 are moved laterally from the initial position, lowered and rotated to the loading position. By the above-described process of moving the fork mechanism 40 from the initial position to the loading position, the forks 44 can be accurately moved to the loading position. At the same time, the path formed by the movement of the forks 44 from the initial position to the loading position matches the first predetermined program input into the controller. Of course, in other embodiments not shown, the forks of the fork mechanism are moved laterally from the initial position and then lowered to the loading position.
As shown in fig. 8, in the process of moving the fork mechanism 40 from the loading position to the unloading position, the fork 44 of the fork mechanism 40 ascends from the loading position, moves laterally, then ascends and rotates to stay above the shelf vacant position, and in the process of descending, the goods on the fork 44 are loaded onto the shelf vacant position corresponding to the loading code, and the fork 44 moves to the unloading position. By moving the fork mechanism 40 from the loading position to the discharge position as described above, the forks 44 can be accurately moved to the discharge position. At the same time, the path followed by the movement of the forks 44 from the loading position to the discharge position matches a second predetermined program input into the controller. Of course, in other embodiments not shown in the figures, the forks of the fork mechanism are rotated from the loading position, then raised, moved laterally, raised and rotated to rest above the shelf empty spaces, and then lowered, during which the goods on the forks are loaded onto the shelf empty spaces corresponding to the loading positions, and the forks are moved to the discharge position.
As shown in fig. 9, in the process that the fork mechanism 40 moves from the initial position to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code, the fork 44 of the fork mechanism 40 descends from the initial position, rotates to the position below the shelf to be unloaded, and in the process that the fork mechanism ascends, the goods on the shelf to be unloaded move to the fork 44, and the fork 44 moves to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code. By moving the fork mechanism 40 from the initial position to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code as described above, the forks 44 can be accurately moved to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code. At the same time, the path followed by the movement of the forks 44 from the initial position to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code by the fork mechanism 40 matches a third predetermined program input into the controller.
Of course, in other embodiments not shown in the drawings, the forks of the fork mechanism are lifted from the initial position, rotated to the position below the shelf to be unloaded, and during the lifting process, the goods on the shelf to be unloaded are moved to the forks, and the forks are moved to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code.
As shown in fig. 9, the path formed by the movement of the forks 44 of the fork mechanism 40 from the position to be unloaded to the unloading position after receiving the load matches the fourth predetermined program input into the controller.
As shown in fig. 8, specifically, the loading step of the cargo handling method of the loading and unloading truck is as follows:
according to the information of the shelf vacancy displayed by the monitoring system, a loader inputs a loading code at the shelf vacancy; the loading code sends loading code verification information to the controller, the controller judges whether the loading code verification information is correct or not, and after the loading code verification information is correct, the controller sends a door 21 opening instruction to the door 21 and sends a loading instruction to the fork mechanism 40; after the door 21 obtains an instruction of opening the door 21, the door 21 is opened, and after the fork mechanism 40 obtains a loading instruction, the fork mechanism 40 moves to a loading position from an initial position according to a first preset program, and the goods 1 are placed on the fork mechanism 40; the pallet fork mechanism 40 moves from the loading position to the unloading position according to a second preset program, so that the goods on the pallet fork mechanism 40 are loaded onto the shelf vacant positions corresponding to the loading codes; after the goods are loaded on the shelf empty space, the fork mechanism 40 is moved to the initial position, the door 21 is closed, and the loading is completed. Wherein, during the process that the fork mechanism 40 moves from the initial position to the loading position according to the first preset program, the fork 44 moves from the initial position to the loading position after moving transversely, and after descending and rotating, the fork 44 moves to the loading position. In the process that the fork mechanism 40 moves from the loading position to the unloading position according to the second preset program, the fork 44 of the fork mechanism 40 rotates from the loading position and then rises, then moves transversely, then rises and rotates and stays above the shelf vacant position, then in the process of descending, the goods on the fork 44 are loaded onto the shelf vacant position corresponding to the loading code, and the fork 44 moves to the unloading position. When the fork is at the goods placing position, a gap is reserved between the fork and the empty space of the goods shelf.
As shown in fig. 9, specifically, the unloading step of the cargo handling method of the loading and unloading truck is as follows:
the unloading staff inputs the unloading code at the position to be unloaded, sends unloading code information to the controller, sends an instruction for opening the vehicle door 21 to the vehicle door 21 according to the unloading code information, and sends an unloading instruction to the fork mechanism 40; after the door 21 receives the door 21 opening command, the door 21 is opened, and after the fork mechanism 40 receives the unloading command, the fork 44 of the fork mechanism 40 moves from the initial position to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code according to a third preset program, so that the goods on the shelf 30 move onto the fork mechanism 40. The fork 44 moves to the unloading position from the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code according to a fourth preset program, after the goods on the fork 44 are taken away, the fork 44 moves to the initial position, the vehicle door 21 is closed, and unloading is completed. In the process that the fork mechanism 40 moves from the initial position to the position to be unloaded according to the third preset program, the fork mechanism 40 ascends from the initial position, rotates to the position below the shelf to be unloaded, moves the goods on the shelf to be unloaded to the fork mechanism 40 in the ascending process, and the fork mechanism 40 moves to the position to be unloaded. The distance between the fork and the goods shelf to be unloaded when the fork is at the position to be unloaded is more than 10 mm.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A lift truck, comprising:
a vehicle body (10);
a vehicle compartment (20) located on the vehicle body (10), the vehicle compartment (20) having a door (21) that is openable and closable;
a rack (30) located within the car (20), the rack (30) having a plurality of cargo spaces;
the pallet fork mechanism (40) is movably arranged on the carriage (20) and is used for conveying goods outside the carriage (20) to the goods position or conveying the goods from the goods position to the outside of the carriage (20).
2. A lift truck as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fork mechanism (40) includes a track means (41), a slide (42), a fork carriage (43) and forks (44), said track means (41) being located at an intermediate position of said shelf (30), said slide (42) being movably disposed on said track means (41), said fork carriage (43) being rotatably disposed on said slide (42), said forks (44) being elevatably disposed on said fork carriage (43), said forks (44) having a discharge position located outside said body (20) and a discharge position located inside said body (20).
3. A lift truck as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that said track means (41) engages said slide (42) via a guide structure (51), said slide (42) engaging said fork carriage (43) via a gear transmission (52), said forks (44) engaging said fork carriage (43) via a chain transmission (53).
4. Loading and unloading truck according to claim 2, characterized in that said pallet (30) comprises a plurality of shelves (31) arranged at intervals, said shelves (31) forming said cargo space, each of said shelves (31) comprising a tray (311) and a support frame (312) arranged at intervals, an escape gap (313) being formed between said tray (311) and said support frame (312), the width of said tray (311) being smaller than the distance between two forks (441) of said fork (44), said escape gap (313) being larger than the width of each of said forks (441).
5. The dump truck according to claim 4, characterized in that the tray (311) comprises a tray body (3111) and a support (3112) supporting the tray body (3111), the tray body (3111) being provided with a plurality of anti-skid indentations (3113).
6. A loader as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a controller (61) provided on the body (10) and a door opening and closing device (62) provided on the bed (20), both the door opening and closing device (62) and the fork mechanism (40) being controlled by the controller (61).
7. A cargo handling method of a loading and unloading truck, characterized in that the loading and unloading truck of any one of claims 1 to 6 is applied for loading and unloading, the cargo handling method comprising a loading step including:
receiving a loading code;
the controller verifies whether the loading code is correct, and after the loading code is verified to be correct, the controller sends a door opening instruction to the door (21) and sends a loading instruction to the fork mechanism (40);
the door (21) is opened, and the fork mechanism (40) moves from an initial position to a loading position;
after receiving the goods, the fork mechanism (40) moves from the loading position to the putting position so as to load the goods on the fork mechanism (40) onto the shelf vacant position corresponding to the loading code.
8. The cargo handling method of a loading and unloading truck according to claim 7, further comprising a unloading step, the unloading step comprising:
receiving a discharge code, and sending a door (21) opening instruction to the door (21) and sending a discharge instruction to the fork mechanism (40) by the controller;
the door (21) is opened, and the fork mechanism (40) moves from the initial position to a position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code;
the fork mechanism (40) moves from the position to be unloaded to the unloading position after receiving the goods.
9. The cargo handling method of a loading and unloading truck according to claim 7, wherein during the movement of the fork mechanism (40) from the initial position to the loading position, the forks (44) of the fork mechanism (40) are moved laterally from the initial position and then lowered to the loading position, or the forks (44) of the fork mechanism (40) are moved laterally from the initial position and then lowered and rotated and then moved to the loading position.
10. The cargo handling method of a loading and unloading truck according to claim 7,
in the process that the fork mechanism (40) moves from the loading position to the unloading position, the fork (44) of the fork mechanism (40) ascends from the loading position, moves transversely, then ascends and rotates to stay above the shelf vacant position, in the process of descending, the goods on the fork (44) are loaded on the shelf vacant position corresponding to the loading code, and the fork (44) moves to the unloading position,
or the fork (44) of the fork mechanism (40) rotates from the loading position and then rises, moves transversely, rises and rotates and then stays above the shelf vacant position, and in the descending process, the goods on the fork (44) are loaded to the shelf vacant position corresponding to the loading codes, and the fork (44) moves to the unloading position.
11. The cargo handling method of a loading and unloading truck according to claim 8,
during the process that the fork mechanism (40) moves from the initial position to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code, the fork (44) of the fork mechanism (40) descends from the initial position, rotates to the position below the goods shelf to be unloaded, during the process that the goods on the goods shelf to be unloaded move to the fork (44) and the fork (44) moves to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code,
or the fork (44) of the fork mechanism (40) ascends from the initial position, rotates to the position below the goods shelf to be unloaded, moves the goods on the goods shelf to be unloaded onto the fork (44) in the ascending process, and moves the fork (44) to the position to be unloaded corresponding to the unloading code.
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| CN202010747373.0A CN111845962A (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Loading and unloading truck and cargo loading and unloading method for loading and unloading truck |
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| CN202010747373.0A CN111845962A (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Loading and unloading truck and cargo loading and unloading method for loading and unloading truck |
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| CN111845962A true CN111845962A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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