CN111837741A - Dig formula greenhouse down suitable for severe cold district - Google Patents
Dig formula greenhouse down suitable for severe cold district Download PDFInfo
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- CN111837741A CN111837741A CN202010855819.1A CN202010855819A CN111837741A CN 111837741 A CN111837741 A CN 111837741A CN 202010855819 A CN202010855819 A CN 202010855819A CN 111837741 A CN111837741 A CN 111837741A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- greenhouse
- side wall
- underexcavated
- light
- side walls
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/26—Electric devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
- E04H5/08—Buildings or groups of buildings for agricultural purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an under-digging type greenhouse suitable for alpine regions, which belongs to the technical field of facility agricultural engineering, wherein the direction of the greenhouse is extended from the north to the south, the greenhouse is formed by digging 1.5-1.8m under the ground and comprises a bottom and side walls, the width of the bottom is 2-3m, the included angle between each side wall and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees, and the bottom and the side walls are used as cultivation bed surfaces. The design of the downward digging type greenhouse reduces the energy consumption of planting vegetables in winter in northern cold areas, saves the cost of greenhouse construction by the downward digging type design, changing the direction of the greenhouse and other modes, can be combined with other environmental protection means for application, and is another direction of greenhouse production in winter in northern cold areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of facility agricultural engineering, in particular to a downward digging type greenhouse suitable for alpine regions.
Background
The greenhouse is a main facility for facility agricultural production in northern areas of China, and plays an extremely important role in the production and supply of winter and spring out-of-season horticultural crops in China. At present, the traditional arched greenhouse has low planting utilization rate, and the traditional sunlight greenhouse has the problems of complex structure, high construction cost, serious energy consumption, low land utilization rate and the like, so that the sustainable and healthy development of the energy-saving sunlight greenhouse is limited to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the current situation that the structural design of the existing greenhouse is unreasonable, the invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides the downward digging type greenhouse which is suitable for the alpine region, has reasonable design, can effectively provide the sunlight utilization rate, saves the greenhouse construction cost and reduces the energy consumption.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an under-digging type greenhouse suitable for alpine regions, wherein the direction of the greenhouse is that the greenhouse extends from the north to the south, the greenhouse is formed by digging 1.5-1.8m, preferably 1.5m, under the ground, the greenhouse comprises a bottom and side walls, the width of the bottom is 2-3m, preferably 2m, the included angle between the side walls and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees, and the bottom and the side walls form a cultivation bed surface. Preferably, the included angle between the side wall and the horizontal surface is 60 degrees. The side wall with a certain inclination angle can enable the plants to obtain more natural light.
In one embodiment of the invention, the entrance of the greenhouse is arranged at the south side and is a downward digging entrance.
In one embodiment of the invention, the entrance has a 20cm water-retaining slope.
In an embodiment of the invention, the side wall includes two parts, one part is a first side wall formed by digging from the ground, and the other part is a second side wall formed by piling the excavated earth on the ground along the direction of the first side wall. Pile up the earthwork of digging on ground and the second side wall that forms has avoided the messy heap of the earthwork of digging on the one hand to put, causes the wasting of resources, and on the other hand second side wall can keep out the cold wind, rainwater, snow water, has played heat retaining function simultaneously.
In an embodiment of the invention, the vertical height of the second sidewall is 0.5-0.8 m. The inventor finds that the second side wall is too low and the heat preservation effect is not obvious through long-term observation; and if the second side wall is too high, the lighting effect on the planted plants is large, and external light supplement is needed.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the greenhouse further includes a greenhouse film, and the greenhouse film is connected to the second side wall.
In one embodiment of the invention, the distance from the highest point of the greenhouse film to the bottom is 3-3.5 m. Preferably 3 m.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the downward-digging greenhouse further comprises a light supplement lamp for supplementing light during the growth process of the plants.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the light supplement lamps are arranged in two rows, and the light emitting angle of each row of light supplement lamps at least can cover the whole bottom and one side wall adjacent to the bottom, so that the bottom cultivation bed surface and the side wall cultivation bed surface can be effectively illuminated by the double rows of light supplement lamps.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the light supplement lamp has a length of 1-1.5m and a light supplement intensity of 50-200 μmol/square meter/s.
In one embodiment of the invention, the middle of the bottom is provided with double tracks for the passage of picking vehicles.
In one embodiment of the invention, the distance between the centers of the double tracks is 0.6-0.8 m. Preferably 0.6 m.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the cultivation bed surface formed by the bottom and the side walls is used for cultivating plants, and the cultivated plants may be the same or different. Preferably, the base is used for growing vine plants, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, color peppers, melons, and the like; the side wall is used for cultivating perennial plants, such as leafy vegetables, strawberries, leeks, caraway and the like.
The invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects: the design of the downward digging type greenhouse reduces the energy consumption of planting vegetables in winter in northern cold areas, saves the cost of greenhouse construction by the downward digging type design, changing the direction of the greenhouse and other modes, can be combined with other environmental protection means for application, and is another direction of greenhouse production in winter in northern cold areas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the inside of a greenhouse.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a gateway of a greenhouse.
Detailed Description
By describing the present invention in conjunction with the specific embodiments, various substitutions or alterations made on the basis of the knowledge and the conventional means of the ordinary skill in the art without departing from the technical idea of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the greenhouse provided by the present embodiment is constructed in the north-south direction by digging 1.5m under the ground. The structure comprises a bottom 101 and a side wall, wherein the width of the bottom 101 is 2m, and the included angle between the side wall and the horizontal plane is 60 degrees; the length of the north-south greenhouse can be determined according to actual terrain, and the length is not limited. The bottom part 101 and the side walls are used as cultivation bed surfaces for cultivating plants.
In this embodiment, the sidewall includes two parts, a first sidewall 102 formed by digging under the ground, and a second sidewall 103 formed by uniformly piling up the excavated earth along the direction of the first sidewall 102 on the ground. The vertical height of the second side walls 103 is 0.5 m. In this embodiment, according to the design of the width, depth and inclination angle of the bottom, the excavated volume of earth is uniformly accumulated around the greenhouse while digging down, and the height of both sides is maintained at 0.5 m.
The greenhouse membrane 104 is attached to the second side wall 103. The greenhouse film 104 is arc-shaped, and the vertical distance from the highest point to the bottom 101 is 3 m. The greenhouse beam is made of galvanized pipe material, and is used for 6 meters of the whole greenhouse beam, and the greenhouse beam is used for every 1 meter. The middle of the bottom 101 is provided with a double track 106 for the passage of a picking vehicle 107. The double rail 106 is 0.6m away from the center. The two sides of the track are planting areas.
As shown in fig. 2, the entrance of the greenhouse is provided at the south side and is a downward digging entrance. A20 cm water retaining slope 108 is arranged at the inlet and outlet for preventing rainwater in summer or snow water in winter from flowing backwards into the greenhouse. The entrance and exit can be provided with double-layer doors, a first heavy door 109 is arranged above the water retaining slope 108, the water enters the ground through steps after entering, a second heavy door 110 is arranged at the bottom of the greenhouse, the height of the passageway is set to be 2m, and the entering height of the normal height is guaranteed.
Because the longitudinal direction of the greenhouse is the north-south direction, the natural radiation quantity received by the side walls of the greenhouse is less, and the growth requirement of crops cannot be met, two rows of LED plant light supplementing lamps 105 are arranged in the north-south direction of the top of the greenhouse, the length of each light supplementing lamp 105 is 1-1.5m, the power of a single lamp is 50-200W according to different crops and different positions of the greenhouse, and the light supplementing intensity is 50-200 mu mol/square meter/s, so that the requirement of different crops on light integral is met.
In this embodiment, light filling lamp 105 sets up along the direction level of greenhouse length, and its light-emitting angle is 120, and left light filling lamp just in time can cover left side wall and bottom, and right side light filling lamp can cover right side wall and bottom. Therefore, when light is supplemented, the illumination intensity at the bottom is the superposition of the two rows of light intensities, and the light intensity is used for planting plants with large requirements on the illumination intensity, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, color peppers, melons and the like; and the side walls at two sides can only be covered by the light supplement lamp at one side, and relatively, the illumination intensity is weaker, so that the light supplement lamp is suitable for planting plants with low illumination intensity requirements, such as leaf vegetables, strawberries, Chinese chives, caraway and the like. In this embodiment, leeks are cultivated on the side walls of the two sides, and tomatoes are cultivated at the bottom. The yield of the tomatoes is 8-15 KG/square meter/season, and the yield of the strawberries is 6-9 KG/square meter/season, which is equivalent to the yield of the planting in the season.
In another embodiment of the invention, the downward-digging greenhouse is dug 1.8m from the ground, the width of the bottom 101 is 3m, the included angle between the side wall and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees, the distance between the highest point of the greenhouse film 104 and the bottom 101 is 3.5m, the angle of the light supplementing lamp 105 is adjusted to enable the included angle between the light supplementing lamp and the horizontal plane to be 8-15 degrees, similarly, the light supplementing lamp on the left side can cover the side wall and the bottom on the left side, and the light supplementing lamp on the right side can cover the side wall and the bottom on the right side.
In the downward-digging greenhouse in the embodiment, firstly, the selection of the direction of the greenhouse, the downward-digging design and the downward-digging earthwork are all piled up around the greenhouse, so that multiple functions of heat preservation, wind shielding, rain shielding and the like are achieved, the cost for building the greenhouse is saved, and the energy consumption for planting vegetables in winter in northern cold areas is reduced; secondly, the side walls are arranged at a certain angle, so that the blocking of the walls to illumination is reduced when sunlight is adopted as a light source in the greenhouse; on the other hand, the side walls can be fully and effectively utilized for planting plants, so that the land utilization rate is greatly improved; the design through the light filling lamp makes side wall and bottom possess different illumination intensity to make bottom and side wall can plant different plants, and all accord with the demand of plant itself to illumination intensity, provide new direction for the winter greenhouse production in the cold area in the north.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the technical solutions that achieve the objects of the present invention by basically the same means are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an under dig formula greenhouse that is adapted to severe cold district which characterized in that: the greenhouse is formed by digging 1.5-1.8m under the ground and comprises a bottom and side walls, the width of the bottom is 2-3m, the included angle between the side walls and the horizontal plane is 45-60 degrees, and the bottom and the side walls are used as cultivation bed surfaces.
2. The undermined greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the side walls form an angle of 60 ° with the horizontal.
3. The underexcavated greenhouse of claim 1, wherein: the side wall comprises two parts, wherein one part is a first side wall formed by digging from the ground, and the other part is a second side wall formed by piling up dug earthwork on the ground along the direction of the first side wall.
4. The underexcavated greenhouse of claim 1, wherein: the greenhouse also comprises a greenhouse film, and the greenhouse film is connected to the second side wall.
5. The underexcavated greenhouse of claim 4, wherein: the distance between the highest point of the greenhouse film and the bottom is 3-3.5 m.
6. The underexcavated greenhouse of claim 1, wherein: the plant growth light source also comprises a light supplement lamp for supplementing illumination in the plant growth process.
7. The underexcavated greenhouse of claim 6, wherein: the light filling lamps are arranged in two rows, and the light emitting angle of each row of light filling lamps can at least cover the whole bottom and the side wall adjacent to the bottom.
8. The underexcavated greenhouse of claim 1, wherein: the length of the light supplementing lamp is 1-1.5m, and the light supplementing intensity is 50-200 mu mol/square meter/s.
9. The underexcavated greenhouse of claim 1, wherein: the bottom is provided with the double track way for it is current to pick the car.
10. The underdug greenhouse of any one of claims 1-9, wherein: the bottom is used for cultivating vines, and the second side wall is used for cultivating perennial plants.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010855819.1A CN111837741A (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Dig formula greenhouse down suitable for severe cold district |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010855819.1A CN111837741A (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Dig formula greenhouse down suitable for severe cold district |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111837741A true CN111837741A (en) | 2020-10-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010855819.1A Pending CN111837741A (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Dig formula greenhouse down suitable for severe cold district |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN111837741A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2785666C1 (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-12-12 | Олег Всеволодович Бондарев | The system of inclined beds for plant growing |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101695263A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-04-21 | 董有国 | Warm-in-winter energy-saving solar greenhouse and method for building same |
| CN102293131A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2011-12-28 | 山东农业大学 | Secondary digging type efficient energy-saving sunlight greenhouse |
| CN102696430A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-03 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Groove-type solar greenhouse and method for constructing same |
| CN202496255U (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-10-24 | 徐霆生 | Energy-efficient sunlight greenhouse |
| CN106416817A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 赤峰和润农业高新科技产业开发有限公司 | Solar greenhouse of industrialized seeding production in northern cold regions |
| CN209330720U (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-09-03 | 河南科技学院 | A kind of overwintering stubble bright enhancement solar greenhouse |
-
2020
- 2020-08-24 CN CN202010855819.1A patent/CN111837741A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101695263A (en) * | 2009-10-26 | 2010-04-21 | 董有国 | Warm-in-winter energy-saving solar greenhouse and method for building same |
| CN102293131A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2011-12-28 | 山东农业大学 | Secondary digging type efficient energy-saving sunlight greenhouse |
| CN202496255U (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-10-24 | 徐霆生 | Energy-efficient sunlight greenhouse |
| CN102696430A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-03 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Groove-type solar greenhouse and method for constructing same |
| CN106416817A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 赤峰和润农业高新科技产业开发有限公司 | Solar greenhouse of industrialized seeding production in northern cold regions |
| CN209330720U (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-09-03 | 河南科技学院 | A kind of overwintering stubble bright enhancement solar greenhouse |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2785666C1 (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-12-12 | Олег Всеволодович Бондарев | The system of inclined beds for plant growing |
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Application publication date: 20201030 |