CN111825464A - 微波体衰减陶瓷材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
微波体衰减陶瓷材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical group Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017083 AlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aluminum nitride Chemical group [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 lanthanide metal oxide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940105963 yttrium fluoride Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- RBORBHYCVONNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K yttrium(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Y](F)F RBORBHYCVONNJH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;oxygen(2-);yttrium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Y+3] JNDMLEXHDPKVFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料,该陶瓷材料包括基体相和微波衰减相,所述微波衰减相的平均粒径为1‑2μm;所述微波衰减相均匀地分布在所述基体相的晶粒间界,形成了晶界网络结构。该微波体衰减材料制备得到的大功率高频微波真空电子器件具有高导热率和好的衰减量。本发明还公开了该微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制备方法和应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷材料领域。更具体地,涉及一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
在微波真空电子器件中,需要用到微波体衰减材料,来吸收非设计模式的波和消除边带振荡,从而保证器件的精准运行。由于电磁波在被微波体衰减材料吸收后会转化成热能,为防止产生的热量影响器件的正常运行,要求微波体衰减材料不仅需具有足够的衰减量,还需有良好的导热性和高温稳定性。
目前研究的微波体衰减材料均只能较好的应用在低频或中高频如X波段、K波段的微波真空电子器件中。适用于高频,尤其是W波段的大功率高频率的微波真空电子器件的微波体衰减材料的研究则相对很少或成本很高。主要原因在于,电子器件的频率越高,其体积就需越小,制备也越困难,从而需要微波体衰减材料具有更高的导热率以及更高的衰减量,但在现有的研究中,同时改善微波体衰减材料的导热率和衰减量是一个相互矛盾的过程。例如,在氮化铝-碳化硅复相衰减瓷中,微波衰减相碳化硅含量低(<20wt%)时,材料具有较好的导热性,但此时其在高频率波段的衰减量很小;而当微波衰减相碳化硅含量过高时,虽然其在高频率波段的衰减能提高,但热导率下降严重,且材料体系需要的烧结温度高。
因此,针对以上问题,需要提供一种新的适用于大功率高频率微波真空电子器件的微波体衰减材料。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料,将其应用于全频波段,尤其是高频,特别是W波段的大功率高频率微波真空电子器件中时同时兼具高的衰减量、好的导热性以及高温热稳定性。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制备方法。
本发明的第三个目的在于提供一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料的应用。
为达到上述第一个目的,本发明提供一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料,该陶瓷材料包括基体相和微波衰减相,所述微波衰减相的平均粒径为1-2μm;所述微波衰减相均匀地分布在所述基体相的晶粒间界。
优选地,所述微波衰减相均匀地分布在所述基体相的双晶或三晶或多晶交汇处。
优选地,所述基体相选自氮化铝或氧化铝。
优选地,所述微波衰减相选自碳化硅、碳化钛和氮化钛中的一种或几种。
优选地,所述陶瓷材料中,基体相的含量为55-80wt%,微波衰减相的含量为20-45wt%。
优选地,所述陶瓷材料中,还包括3-10wt%的烧结助剂,所述烧结助剂包含氧化镁、氧化钙、氟化钙、二氧化钛和氧化铝中的至少一种,或者氧化钇、铝酸钇、氟化钇或镧系金属氧化物或氟化物其中一种或几种的组合。
为达到上述第二个目的,本发明提供一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制备方法,该制备方法包括如下步骤:
将包括基体相、微波衰减相的原料混合,成型,得预制体;
将所述预制体常压烧结,得所述微波体衰减陶瓷材料。
优选地,所述原料中还包括烧结助剂;所述混合为将基体相、微波衰减相和烧结助剂混合。
优选地,所述烧结助剂包含氧化镁、氧化钙、氟化钙、二氧化钛和氧化铝中的至少一种,或者氧化钇、铝酸钇、氟化钇或镧系金属氧化物或氟化物其中一种或几种的组合。
优选地,所述成型的方式为冷等静压成型。
优选地,所述常压烧结在氮气气氛中进行。
优选地,所述烧结温度为1600-2000℃,烧结时间为0.5-6h;
优选地,当所述基体相选自氮化铝时,所述烧结温度为1800-1960℃,烧结时间为2-6h,优选为2-4h。
优选地,当所述基体相选自氧化铝时,所述烧结温度为1600-1700℃。
为达到上述第三个目的,本发明还保护微波体衰减陶瓷材料在制备微波真空电子器件中的应用。
本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明的微波体衰减陶瓷材料中,控制微波衰减相材料的原粉平均粒径为1-2μm,烧结后的陶瓷微波衰减相保持原粉粒径大小并且均匀地分布在所述基体相的晶粒间界,形成致密的晶界网络结构,从而使该陶瓷材料同时兼具高的衰减量、好的导热性以及高温热稳定性,可较好的适用于高频,尤其是W波段的大功率高频率微波真空电子器件中。进一步地,由于原料易得,该可用于大功率高频率微波真空电子器件的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制作成本低,易于获得。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
图1示出实施例1得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的微观结构形貌图。
图2示出实施例2得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的微观结构形貌图。
图3示出实施例3得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的微观结构形貌图。
图4示出对比例1得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的微观结构形貌图。
图5示出对比例2得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的微观结构形貌图。
图6示出实施例1与对比例1、对比例2得到的材料在W波段的介电性能的对比图。
图7示出本发明实施例在W波段实际应用测试结果。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明,下面结合优选实施例和附图对本发明做进一步的说明。附图中相似的部件以相同的附图标记进行表示。本领域技术人员应当理解,下面所具体描述的内容是说明性的而非限制性的,不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明的一个实施方式中提供一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料,该陶瓷材料包括基体相和微波衰减相,所述微波衰减相的平均粒径为1-2μm;所述微波衰减相均匀地分布在所述基体相的晶粒间界,形成了晶界网络结构。
现有的以SiC为衰减相的微波体衰减陶瓷材料中,通常采用纳米SiC材料作为微波衰减相,以降低烧结温度并改善得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的衰减量,也即损耗量。但这类微波体衰减陶瓷材料通常采用热压烧结,一般仅适用于频率较低的微波真空电子器件中,当其应用于大功率高频的微波真空电子器件中时,难以获得高的衰减量的问题。但当微波衰减相的粒径过大,依然存在烧结困难和散热困难的问题。
本发明实施方式中发现,微波衰减相材料(比如SiC等)的起始原料粒径直接影响得到的陶瓷材料的性能,当原粉粒径小于1μm时,在陶瓷烧结的过程中,一方面配料时存在颗粒易团聚,不容易分散均匀问题;另一方面因微波衰减相材料颗粒过小烧结过程中容易被包裹在所述基体相晶粒中,影响陶瓷基体晶粒的生长,同时小晶粒在基体晶界散乱无序分布,导致复合陶瓷材料整体的烧结致密度不佳,衰减相粒径较小时得到的衰减瓷导热性能不好,同时绝缘电阻率相对较低,绝缘性能较差,工作稳定性差;而当衰减相原粉粒径大于2μm时,由于大晶粒的存在,烧结阻力增加,阻碍了烧结致密化进程,因而得到的陶瓷材料的气孔率较高,陶瓷整体致密度低,导致复合陶瓷高频衰减性能较差,导热性能不佳。而当原料粒径严格控制在1-2μm的条件时,烧结过程伴随着基体晶粒的生长,在烧结推动力的作用下,微波衰减相在烧结后形成的陶瓷材料中极其规则有序地均匀分布于氮化铝或氧化铝基体的晶粒间界(双晶、三晶或多晶交汇处,形成晶界网络结构),所形成的陶瓷结构中衰减相的晶粒尺寸仍保持原料晶粒的1-2μm,得到的两相复合陶瓷结构致密,陶瓷材料高频衰减性能及散热性均较优。此外,微波衰减相材料的形态也影响其在基体相的分布,理想地当衰减相原粉形态为球形或类球形结构时,烧结阻力更小,会得到更加均匀致密的烧结结构,从而得到的陶瓷材料的高频衰减性能及散热性也能一定程度上得到进一步改善。特别的,当所述衰减相为类球形时,衰减相处于三晶或多晶交汇处,复合陶瓷结构更致密。但是由于本申请中的微波衰减相原料例如碳化硅原料是通过天然原料粉碎得到,实际中很难获得球形或类球形结构;而用球形度较好的氮化钛或碳化钛衰减相替代碳化硅衰减相获得的微波体衰减陶瓷材料比添加碳化硅衰减相的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的热导率明显提高。
从而,本实施方式的技术方案中,严格控制微波衰减相的粒径和形貌,在陶瓷烧结过程中微波衰减相均匀有序地分布在基体相的晶粒间界(如两相晶界处、三相晶界处),形成致密的两相陶瓷结构,从而得到的陶瓷材料具有高的衰减量、好的导热性以及高温热稳定性,可用于高频,特别是W波段的大功率高频率微波真空电子器件中。
适用于微波体衰减陶瓷材料的基体相也即为陶瓷介质相,陶瓷介质相材质可为氮化铝或氧化铝等衰减材料。
在一个优选示例中,微波衰减相的材质可为碳化硅、碳化钛和氮化钛中的一种或几种。
本实施方式中,1-2μm的微波衰减相可通过商业购买获得此外,能够制备得到1-2μm上述材质也可用作微波衰减相材料。
在一个优选示例中,所述陶瓷材料中基体相的含量为55-80wt%,微波衰减相的含量为20-45wt%。此原料组成的陶瓷材料的物理机械性能能更好的适应其应用于微波真空电子器件中。
微波体衰减陶瓷材料中通常还包括烧结助剂,以防止烧结形成该材料时产生孔隙,难以实现致密结构。在一个优选示例中,所述材料中还包括3-10wt%的烧结助剂,所述烧结助剂包含氧化镁、氧化钙、氟化钙、二氧化钛和氧化铝中的至少一种,或者氧化钇、氟化钇或镧系金属氧化物或氟化物中至少一种。
本发明的又一个实施方式提供一种上述微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制备方法,该方法包括如下步骤:
将包括基体相、微波衰减相的原料混合,成型,得预制体;
将所述预制体常压烧结,得所述微波体衰减陶瓷材料。
其中,微波衰减相的粒径为1-2μm。
通过该制备方法能够使得微波衰减相均匀地分布在所述陶瓷介质相的晶粒间界,使制备得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料具有上述第一个实施方式中提到的性能。
本领域技术人员应当明了,该制备方法中,在将基体相、微波衰减相混合后,还包括球磨、干燥、过筛等步骤。
为了防止烧结形成该材料时产生孔隙,难以实现致密结构,所述原料中还包括烧结助剂;所述混合为将基体相、微波衰减相和烧结助剂混合。
在一个优选示例中,所述成型的方式为冷等静压成型。
在一个优选示例中,所述常压烧结在氮气气氛中进行。
在一个优选示例中,当所述基体相选自氮化铝时,所述烧结温度为1800-1960℃,烧结时间为2-6h。该烧结温度下烧结更有利于得到结构致密的微波体衰减陶瓷材料。在进一步地一个更优选的示例中,所述烧结温度为1800-1860℃。此时,烧结温度低易于实施且得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料结构更致密,同时兼具更高的衰减量和更高的导热率。在又一些具体示例中,所述烧结温度包括但不限于为1810℃、1820℃、1830℃、1840℃等。
在又一个优选示例中,当所述基体相选自氧化铝时,所述烧结温度为1600-1700℃。
本发明的再一个实施方式提供上述微波体衰减陶瓷材料在制备微波真空电子器件中的应用。
将得到的该微波体衰减陶瓷材料用于微波真空电子器件中的制备中,制备得到的微波真空电子器件、包括大功率微波真空电子器件在全频波段,尤其是高频,特别是W波段的条件下使用时兼具高的衰减量、好的导热性以及高温热稳定性。
以下,结合一些具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明:
实施例1
一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将氮化铝、平均粒径为1-2μm的碳化硅和烧结助剂氧化钇按质量比80:20:3均匀混合后,在球磨机中搅拌24小时,得均匀粉末;
将该粉末于150℃温度下干燥,并过100目筛;
在300MPa等静压成型,得到预制体;
在氮气气氛中,将该预制体在1840℃温度下常压烧结4-6h,得到微波体衰减陶瓷材料。
该微波体衰减陶瓷材料的SEM图如图1所示,其中,图中细的白色箭头所示为SiC晶粒,粗的白色箭头所示为氮化铝晶粒。从图中可知,该材料的结构中,平均粒径为1-2μm的SiC均匀有序地分布在所述氮化铝晶粒间界,结构致密,有助于性能的提升。
通过矢量网络分析仪,测得其W波段介电损耗为0.5-0.9,通过激光导热仪测得其在室温下的导热率为45.5W/(m·K);通过绝缘电阻测量仪,测得其常温100V下的电阻率为6.0×108Ω·cm。
实施例2
一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将氮化铝、平均粒径为1-2μm的氮化钛和烧结助剂氧化钇按质量比80:20:3均匀混合后,在球磨机中搅拌24小时,得均匀粉末;
将该粉末于150℃温度下干燥,并过100目筛;
在300MPa等静压成型,得到预制体;
在氮气气氛中,将该预制体在1820℃温度下常压烧结3h,得到微波体衰减陶瓷材料。
该微波体衰减陶瓷材料的结构与实施例1中相近,粒径为1-2μm的氮化钛均匀分布在所述氮化铝晶粒间界(三晶或多晶交汇处),如图2所示SEM相貌(其中,图中细的白色箭头所示为TiN晶粒,粗的白色箭头所示为氮化铝晶粒),结构较致密。
通过矢量网络分析仪,测得其W波段介电损耗为0.30-0.5,通过激光导热仪测得其在室温下的导热率为74.0W/(m·K);通过绝缘电阻测量仪,测得其常温100V下的电阻率为1.2×109Ω·cm。
实施例3
一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
将氮化铝、平均粒径为1-2μm的碳化钛和烧结助剂氧化钇按质量比80:20:3均匀混合后,在球磨机中搅拌24小时,得均匀粉末;
将该粉末于150℃温度下干燥,并过100目筛;
在300MPa等静压成型,得到预制体;
在氮气气氛中,将该预制体在1880℃温度下常压烧结3h,得到微波体衰减陶瓷材料。
该微波体衰减陶瓷材料的结构与实施例1中相近,粒径为1-2μm的氮化硅均匀分布在所述氮化铝晶粒间界(三晶或多晶交汇处),气孔较少,结构较致密。SEM微观结构如图3所示(其中,图中细的白色箭头所示为TiC晶粒,粗的白色箭头所示为氮化铝晶粒)。
通过矢量网络分析仪,测得其W波段介电损耗为0.4-0.8,通过激光导热仪测得其在室温下的导热率为64.5W/(m·K);通过绝缘电阻测量仪,测得其常温100V下的电阻率为3.4×107Ω·cm。
对比例1
重复实施例1,区别在于,使用的碳化硅的平均粒径为40-400nm,其余条件不变,制备得到微波体衰减陶瓷材料,由显微结构可知,该陶瓷材料的结构中碳化硅颗粒在氮化铝晶界处散乱无序分布,原始SiC晶粒没有明显长大迹象,AlN基体相晶粒大小不一,晶粒发育不完整,衰减相和基体相AlN之间明显界限,样品中孔洞较多,复合陶瓷整体致密度明显较低。SEM微观结构如图4所示(图中白色圆圈所示为弥散分布的SiC晶粒,白色箭头所示为氮化铝晶粒)。
通过矢量网络分析仪,测得其W波段介电损耗为0.3-0.6,通过激光导热仪测得在室温下的导热率为37.7W/(m·K);通过绝缘电阻测量仪,测得其常温100V下的电阻率为2.6×105Ω·cm。
对比例2
重复实施例1,区别在于,使用的碳化硅的平均粒径为3-5μm,其余条件不变,制备得到微波体衰减陶瓷材料。该陶瓷材料的结构中氮化铝晶粒尺寸增大,烧结后的复合陶瓷结构为不致密的多孔状态,致密度很低且强度低下,研磨加工时脆性较大,加工成品率低,相应的热导率也随之降低。SEM微观结构如图5所示((图中细的白色箭头所示为SiC晶粒,粗的白色箭头所示为氮化铝晶粒))。
通过矢量网络分析仪,测得其W波段介电损耗为0.1-0.6,通过激光导热仪测得其在室温下的导热率为30.0W/(m·K);通过绝缘电阻测量仪,测得其常温100V下的电阻率为6.8×109Ω·cm。
图6示出了实施例1与对比例1和对比例2在W波段的介电性能的对比图,其中,A为介电常数对比图,B为介电损耗对比图。
图7示出了本发明实施例在W波段实际应用测试结果。
上述各实施例及对比例得到的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的热导率结果如下表1所示。
表1本发明的热导率对比情况
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定,对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动,这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举,凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
Claims (10)
1.一种微波体衰减陶瓷材料,包括基体相和微波衰减相,其特征在于,
所述微波衰减相的平均粒径为1-2μm;
所述微波衰减相均匀地分布在所述基体相的晶粒间界。
2.根据权利要求1所述的微波体衰减陶瓷材料,其特征在于,所述微波衰减相均匀地分布在所述基体相的双晶或三晶或多晶交汇处。
3.根据权利要求1所述的微波体衰减陶瓷材料,其特征在于,所述基体相选自氮化铝或氧化铝;
优选地,所述微波衰减相选自碳化硅、碳化钛和氮化钛中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的微波体衰减陶瓷材料,其特征在于,所述陶瓷材料中,基体相的含量为55-80wt%,微波衰减相的含量为20-45wt%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的微波体衰减陶瓷材料,其特征在于,所述陶瓷材料中,还包括3-10wt%的烧结助剂,所述烧结助剂包含氧化镁、氧化钙、氟化钙、二氧化钛和氧化铝中的至少一种,或者氧化钇、铝酸钇、氟化钇或镧系金属氧化物或氟化物一种或几种复合。
6.如权利要求1-5任一项所述的微波体衰减陶瓷材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
将包括基体相、微波衰减相的原料混合,成型,得预制体;
将所述预制体常压烧结,得所述微波体衰减陶瓷材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述原料中还包括烧结助剂;所述混合为将基体相、微波衰减相和烧结助剂混合。
8.根据权利要6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述成型的方式为冷等静压成型;优选地,所述常压烧结在氮气气氛或氩气气氛中进行。
9.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述烧结温度为1600-2000℃,烧结时间为0.5-6h;
优选地,当所述基体相选自氮化铝时,所述烧结温度为1800-1960℃,烧结时间为2-4h;
优选地,当所述基体相自氧化铝时,所述烧结温度为1600-1700℃。
10.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的微波体衰减陶瓷材料在制备微波真空电子器件中的应用。
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