CN111820156A - Method for continuously collecting large amount of eggs in eleutheronema tetradactylum pond - Google Patents

Method for continuously collecting large amount of eggs in eleutheronema tetradactylum pond Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111820156A
CN111820156A CN202010465548.9A CN202010465548A CN111820156A CN 111820156 A CN111820156 A CN 111820156A CN 202010465548 A CN202010465548 A CN 202010465548A CN 111820156 A CN111820156 A CN 111820156A
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China
Prior art keywords
pond
eggs
fish
tetradactylum
parent fish
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CN202010465548.9A
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CN111820156B (en
Inventor
区又君
李益民
李俊伟
李加儿
温久福
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Zhongshan Qianjiangyou Aquaculture Co ltd
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences
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Zhongshan Shihe Biotechnology Co ltd
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A01K61/17Hatching, e.g. incubators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The invention provides a method for continuously collecting eggs in a eleutheronema tetradactylum pond in large quantity, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting parent fish: selecting, reserving and culturing a parent fish population of eleutheronemate tetradactylum every year to form a parent fish echelon of more than 1 to 5 years old; (2) the prenatal intensive cultivation and management of parent fishes; (3) ripening parent fish: adjusting the salinity of pond water 1.5-2 months before the breeding season, performing salinization culture on parent fish, and stimulating gonad development and maturation and natural spawning of the parent fish; (4) egg collection: and (5) observing the fish shoal dynamics, and continuously collecting the fish after spawning by using an egg collecting net. The method for continuously collecting a large number of eggs of eleutheronemate tetradactylum in a pond belongs to an in-situ breeding method, avoids injuries and deaths caused by impatience of eleutheronemate tetradactylum and sensitivity to environmental stress, preserves high survival rate and repeated utilization rate of reproductive groups, and obtains a large number of fertilized eggs.

Description

Method for continuously collecting large amount of eggs in eleutheronema tetradactylum pond
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish culture, and particularly relates to a method for continuously collecting eggs in a eleutheronema tetradactylum pond in a large quantity.
Background
Eleutheronema tetradactylum (eleutheronema tetradactylum) is commonly called as Mayou, bamboo shoot, fish at noon, Chatiao and the like, is distributed in western parts of Indian ocean and Pacific ocean, is produced by coastal areas in China, and is mostly in the south. Marine fishes in tropical and temperate zones sometimes enter fresh water. The fish grows rapidly, the meat quality is tender and delicious, the culture space and the consumer groups are huge, and the economic prospect is good.
In the seedling production practice, the operation stress is a stress factor which is inevitable for fishes, and comprises a plurality of links such as water changing, dirt absorbing, net pulling, catching, water leaving, transportation and the like, and the operation can often cause certain stress on the fishes, further cause a series of stress reactions such as metabolism, endocrine, immune system and the like of the fishes, and cause great negative effects of body injury and death to the fishes, particularly to the eleutheroscious equine mackerels and the like. The method has the advantages of innovating production technology, preserving high survival rate and repeated utilization rate of reproductive populations, creating favorable conditions for the development of Spanish mackerel germchit towards high efficiency and sustainability, and is the aim of being researched by the industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for continuously collecting a large amount of eggs in a eleutheronemate tetradactylum pond, and solves the problems that the existing eleutheronemate tetradactylum is stressed to cause high loss rate of parent fish groups and cannot obtain large quantities of high-quality fertilized eggs.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for continuously collecting eggs in a eleutheronema tetradactylum pond in large quantity comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting parent fish: selecting, reserving and culturing a parent fish population of eleutheronemate tetradactylum every year to form a parent fish echelon of more than 1 to 5 years old;
(2) the prenatal intensive cultivation and management of parent fishes;
(3) ripening parent fish: adjusting the salinity of pond water 1.5-2 months before the breeding season, performing salinization culture on parent fish, and stimulating gonad development and maturation and natural spawning of the parent fish;
(4) egg collection: and (5) observing the fish shoal dynamics, and continuously collecting the fish after spawning by using an egg collecting net.
In the step (1), selecting, reserving and breeding are to select individuals with normal body types, strong and lively movement and no damage to the body surface, continuously select, prefer to discard and directionally select and breed.
In the step (1), the stocking density per mu of parent fish is 150-200 kg.
The number of the parent fish echelon groups in the step (1) reaches more than 1500.
The method comprises the following specific steps of (2) pre-natal intensive cultivation of parent fish:
(1) diluting with chlorine dioxide, and sterilizing and killing germs in the whole tank;
(2) treating the pond water by using a composite microbial substrate modifier;
(3) storing parent fishes of different ages in the same water pool for mixed female and male culture;
(4) and (4) fishing the adult fish before winter to breed parent fish.
In the step (3), the salinity of the pond water is increased by 4-5 per thousand per week and gradually increased to 26-30 per thousand. By increasing the salinity of pond water, the method simulates the migration process of reproductive colony of Spanish mackerel from low-salinity coastal water area to high-salinity water area in the open sea in the breeding season, and stimulates the development of gonad of parent fish
Further, adjusting pond water salinity employs high salinity seawater drawn from open sea. The salinity of the open sea high salinity seawater is generally 35 per thousand.
The high salinity seawater is subjected to sand filtration, sedimentation and aeration before being introduced into the fish pond.
And (4) in the step (3), the internal circulation of pool water flow is kept in the process of parent fish salinization cultivation, the speed of circulating water is 0.4-0.6M/s, and the micro-flow water state is kept.
In the process of salting and cultivating the parent fish in the step (3), feeding floating pellet feed, and simultaneously, additionally feeding fresh or frozen prawns and shellfishes everyday, wherein the feeding rate is 1-3% of the total weight of the parent fish, and the feed is mixed with vitamins A, C, E and fish oil which are reinforcers, and the adding amount is 0.33% of the total weight of the parent fish; feeding the chickens once every day at 8 am and 4 pm.
The step (4) of continuously collecting the eggs by using an egg collecting net comprises the following specific steps: a filter screen is arranged in the pool, and a waterwheel is used outside a mesh opening to make water flow, so that the eggs flow into the mesh bag along the water flow direction to collect the eggs.
Further, roe was collected every morning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the method for continuously collecting a large number of eggs of eleutheronemate tetradactylum in a pond belongs to an in-situ breeding method, avoids injuries and deaths caused by impatience of eleutheronemate tetradactylum and sensitivity to environmental stress, preserves high survival rate and repeated utilization rate of reproductive groups, and obtains a large number of fertilized eggs.
(2) The method selects, screens and reserves high-quality individuals with fast growth and large body size as backup parent fishes year by year from the current fish to form an age echelon, can meet the sex requirement of fry breeding on parent fish groups, promotes the gonad of the parent fishes to mature by simulating the migration environment of parent fish breeding seasons and feeding corresponding reinforcers, and naturally spawns to improve the quantity and quality of fertilized eggs.
(3) The method for continuously collecting the large amount of eggs in the eleutheronema tetradactylum pond has the advantages of simple and practical production facility structure, convenience in operation and labor saving.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention for those skilled in the art. In the examples, the complex microbial substrate modifier was obtained from Xinhaisheng Biotech, Inc., Guangzhou.
A method for continuously collecting eggs in a eleutheronema tetradactylum pond in large quantity comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation and preparation of cultivation facilities
a. Digging a rectangular earth pond with a sand and mud bottom outdoors, wherein the east-west trend is 1.5-2 mu, the height of the pond is 1-1.5 m, the bottom of the pond is flat, rubber mulching films are paved on the bottom and the wall of the pond, the pond is inclined in a pot shape and is gentle, a gate is arranged on one side close to a river channel, a main channel is arranged at a connecting gate opening, the tail end of the main channel is forked into a Y shape, the main channel is 50 cm deeper than the bottom of the pond, and the width of the channel is about 3 m. The soil pond requires convenient water intake and drainage, and the surrounding areas of the culture area have no industrial and domestic polluted water sources.
The parent fish pond is generally cleared once every year, and mainly aims to clear excessive sludge, level and reinforce the pond base, clear away wild living things, disinfect the fish pond and kill pathogens and the like.
b. Each parent fish pond is independently provided with a 4-inch submersible pump, an automatic feed throwing machine and 3 impeller waterwheel type automatic aerators.
c. A shed frame with a timber pile and beam structure is built above the single pond, a plastic film heat-preservation shed can be laid above the soil pond in winter, and the temperature in the shed is kept at 18-23 ℃.
(2) Selecting parent fish
a. Reserve parent fish are selected from a variety of sources: including fingerlings captured from natural sea areas, or fingerlings introduced overseas.
b. When harvested every year, individuals with normal, strong, swimming lively and no body surface injury are selected from the captured fish stocks.
c. The method is characterized in that parent fishes are selected and retained every year, continuous selection, preferential abandon and directional breeding are performed, individuals with poor breeding force, weak body and ill injury are eliminated continuously, new parent fishes are supplemented, an age platoon with the age of more than 1 to 5 is formed, and the population number reaches more than 1500.
(3) Prenatal intensive cultivation and management
a. Directly disinfecting hairtails in the culture process: after the chlorine dioxide disinfectant is diluted by pond water every half month, uniformly splashing the chlorine dioxide disinfectant in the whole pond, wherein the dosage is 80-100 g/mu, and the chlorine dioxide disinfectant is used for disinfecting and killing pathogenic bacteria in the fishpond and improving the anoxic condition in the pond.
b. The composite microbial substrate modifier is used for decomposing and eliminating hidden troubles of substrate deterioration caused by residual baits, excrement, animal and plant corpses and the like, various substrate modifiers are strictly used according to the specification, an aerator is started for 1-2 hours in advance before use, and the substrate modifier is prevented from being used in high-temperature rainy seasons.
c. The stocking of parent fishes is combined with the fishing of the parent fishes before winter, and at the moment, the water temperature is lower, and the fishing and the transportation are not easy to injure. Storing parent fishes of different ages in the same water pool for mixed female and male culture; the parent fish used for breeding is stocked at a density of 150-200 kg per mu by weight.
(4) Ripening acceleration of parent fish
Adjusting the salinity of pond water 1.5-2 months before the breeding season, carrying out salinization culture on parent fish cultured in fresh water or brackish water, increasing the salinity of pond water by 4-5 per thousand every week, and gradually increasing the salinity of pond water to 26-30 per thousand; simulating the migration process of the reproductive colony of the eleutheronema tetragonolobus from a low-salinity offshore water area to an external high-salinity water area in a breeding season, and stimulating the gonad development of the parent fish.
a. The high salinity is extracted from open sea by a ship, the salinity of the seawater of the open sea is generally 35 per mill, and the seawater is transported back to a culture base.
b. Drilling a deep well in a base, and pumping underground salt water.
c. The natural sea water and the underground salt water need to be subjected to sand filtration, sedimentation and aeration before being introduced into the fishpond. The salt water from the 2 sources is mixed for use, so that the production cost is reduced.
3 waterwheel type oxygen increasing machines are arranged along the diagonal line of each pond, and the switch is started to form the inner circulation of the water flow of the pond. And (3) keeping the water flow internal circulation of the pond in the parent fish salinization cultivation process, adjusting the speed of circulating water to be about 0.4-0.6M/s, and keeping the micro-flow water state. When feeding floating pellet feed, fresh or frozen prawn and shellfish are fed daily at a feeding rate of 1-3% of the total weight of parent fish, and at the same time, vitamins A, C, E and fish oil are mixed into the feed, and the addition amount is about 0.33% of the total weight of parent fish. Feeding the chickens once every day at 8 am and 4 pm. The growth of gonads of the parent fish is promoted by adding the enhancer, the reproductive performance of the parent fish is improved, the quality of fertilized eggs and the quality of larval fish are improved, and the vitamins are generally commercial compound vitamins.
(5) Egg collection device
a. Closely paying attention to the dynamic state of fish, when male fish chasing female fish is observed, obvious ripples and vortexes are formed on the water surface, and spawning can be carried out after half an hour.
b. 2 nets with meshes of 60-80 are preset in each fish pond, and a waterwheel type aerator is used outside a net port to produce water flow so that eggs flow into the egg collecting net bag along the water flow direction.
c. Collecting roe once a day, putting the tail end of the roe collecting net into a plastic basin containing an original pond during operation, untying a rope to allow the roe to enter the basin, and then sending the roe collecting basin to a pond base for treatment.
d. During the spawning period of the parent fish group, the parent fish does not move around the spawning pond, and the lamp or the noise is not turned on, so that the parent fish is prevented from being frightened to influence the rear-end collision, the oestrus and the spawning fertilization of the parent fish.
The pond provided by the invention can be used for artificially cultivating mature parent fish colonies of eleutheronema tetradactylum, and the breeding season can be started from middle April to middle November. The egg laying amount can be 2-3 kg per day in the average early stage of propagation, and 5-6 kg in the full-term of propagation; the hatching rate of eggs is 70-88% in the early and late stages of reproduction, and the full period of reproduction can reach 85-95%.
The above embodiments illustrate various embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can achieve the objectives of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention, and any modifications and variations based on the concept of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for continuously collecting eggs of eleutheronema tetradactylum in a large quantity in a pond is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting parent fish: selecting, reserving and culturing a parent fish population of eleutheronemate tetradactylum every year to form a parent fish echelon of more than 1 to 5 years old;
(2) the prenatal intensive cultivation and management of parent fishes;
(3) ripening parent fish: adjusting the salinity of pond water 1.5-2 months before the breeding season, performing salinization culture on parent fish, and stimulating gonad development and maturation and natural spawning of the parent fish;
(4) egg collection: and (5) observing the fish shoal dynamics, and continuously collecting the fish after spawning by using an egg collecting net.
2. The method for continuously collecting a large amount of eggs in a eleutheronemate tetradactylum pond according to claim 1, wherein the salinity of the pond water in the step (3) is increased by 4-5 per thousand and gradually increased to 26-30 per thousand every week.
3. The method for continuously collecting eggs in a pond of eleutheronemate tetradactylum according to claim 2, wherein the adjusting of the salinity of the pond water is performed by using high salinity seawater extracted from open sea; the high salinity seawater is subjected to sand filtration, sedimentation and aeration before being introduced into the fish pond.
4. The method for continuously collecting a large amount of eggs in a eleutheronemate tetradactylum pond according to claim 2, wherein the water flow of the pond is kept circulating in the process of salting and cultivating the parent fish in the step (3), the speed of circulating water is 0.4-0.6M/s, and the micro-flow water state is kept.
5. The method for continuously collecting a large amount of eggs of eleutheronema tetradactylum in a pond according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3), during the salting cultivation of the parent fish, floating pellet feed is fed, fresh or frozen prawns and shellfishes are fed additionally every day, the feeding rate is 1-3% of the total weight of the parent fish, vitamins A, C, E and fish oil are mixed into the feed, the addition amount is 0.33% of the total weight of the parent fish, and the feeding is carried out once every day at 8 am and 4 pm.
6. The method for continuously collecting a large amount of eggs in a eleutheronemate tetradactylum pond according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the step (4) of continuously collecting eggs by using an egg collecting net comprises the following specific steps: a filter screen is arranged in the pool, and a waterwheel is used outside a mesh opening to make water flow, so that the eggs flow into the mesh bag along the water flow direction to collect the eggs.
7. The method for continuously collecting a large amount of eggs in a pond of eleutheronema tetradactylum according to claim 6, wherein the eggs are collected every morning.
8. The method for continuously collecting a large number of eggs in a eleutheronema tetradactylum pond according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the stocking density per mu of parent fish in the step (1) is 150 to 200 kg.
9. The method for continuously collecting eggs in a pond with eleutheronema tetradactylum in a large quantity according to claim 8, wherein the number of the parent fish echelon in the step (1) is more than 1500.
10. The method for continuously collecting a large amount of eggs in a eleutheronemate tetradactylum pond according to claim 9, wherein the step (2) of pre-natal intensive cultivation of the parent fish comprises the following specific steps:
(1) diluting with chlorine dioxide, and sterilizing and killing germs in the whole tank;
(2) treating the pond water by using a composite microbial substrate modifier;
(3) storing parent fishes of different ages in the same water pool for mixed female and male culture;
(4) and (4) fishing the adult fish before winter to breed parent fish.
CN202010465548.9A 2020-05-28 2020-05-28 Method for continuously collecting large amount of eggs in eleutheronema tetradactylum pond Active CN111820156B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114617087A (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-06-14 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Method for cultivating low-salt-resistant eleutheronema tetradactylum

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060086323A1 (en) * 2004-10-22 2006-04-27 Park Eric D Method for producing short-lived salt-tolerant freshwater baitfish
CN101461334A (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-24 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Method for obtaining normal mature sperm of eel
CN105557588A (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-05-11 珠海市现代农业发展中心 Method for breeding eleutheronema tetradactylum fry
CN106135082A (en) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-23 海南晨海水产有限公司 A kind of artificial fecundation method of black speck cabrilla
CN109699529A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-05-03 茂名市金阳热带海珍养殖有限公司 A kind of large-scale artificial mating system of threadfin fish

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060086323A1 (en) * 2004-10-22 2006-04-27 Park Eric D Method for producing short-lived salt-tolerant freshwater baitfish
CN101461334A (en) * 2007-12-17 2009-06-24 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Method for obtaining normal mature sperm of eel
CN105557588A (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-05-11 珠海市现代农业发展中心 Method for breeding eleutheronema tetradactylum fry
CN106135082A (en) * 2016-06-27 2016-11-23 海南晨海水产有限公司 A kind of artificial fecundation method of black speck cabrilla
CN109699529A (en) * 2019-01-17 2019-05-03 茂名市金阳热带海珍养殖有限公司 A kind of large-scale artificial mating system of threadfin fish

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114617087A (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-06-14 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Method for cultivating low-salt-resistant eleutheronema tetradactylum

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