CN111771531A - Tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening tobacco propagation period - Google Patents
Tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening tobacco propagation period Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771531A CN111771531A CN202010577436.2A CN202010577436A CN111771531A CN 111771531 A CN111771531 A CN 111771531A CN 202010577436 A CN202010577436 A CN 202010577436A CN 111771531 A CN111771531 A CN 111771531A
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- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- threshing
- mesh
- nylon
- bag
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/16—Harvesting of standing crops of tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F11/00—Threshing apparatus specially adapted for maize; Threshing apparatus specially adapted for particular crops other than cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening the tobacco propagation period, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of harvesting clusters after 50% of capsule fruit peels of tobacco clusters turn yellow, removing green fruits from the fruit peels, putting the green fruits into a 120-mesh nylon mesh bag after picking, fastening a bag opening, repeatedly beating the green fruits on a cement ground until the capsule fruits are crushed, airing for 1-2 days, cleaning by adopting a double-layer nylon mesh, filtering tissues such as the fruit peels, branches and stems, screening out fine crushed granular substances, leaving seeds, bagging and storing for later use. Compared with the prior art, the tobacco breeding cycle can be shortened by more than 10 days, the method can effectively relieve the tobacco breeding cycle, is beneficial to accelerating the screening and identification of new tobacco varieties or strains, and improves the breeding efficiency of the new tobacco varieties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco seed reproduction and harvesting, in particular to a tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening the reproduction period of the tobacco seed.
Background
The seeds of the tobacco are capsule seeds, when the seeds are normally harvested, the seeds can be harvested only when one third of capsule peels on the fruit ears are changed into brown and two thirds of peels are changed into yellow, and the harvested fruit ears can be threshed only after being air-dried or aired. Because the tobacco seeds are tiny, each capsule contains a large amount of tobacco seeds, the water in the capsule is slowly lost due to the protection of fruit peels, the time of 12-15 days is needed for completely airing and drying, the time of 15-20 days is needed for the tobacco seeds from harvesting to airing, threshing and cleaning, the time is long, the labor is large, and the cost is increased. In order to accelerate the cultivation of a new excellent tobacco variety (line), tobacco breeders mostly adopt a south-breeding generation-adding mode to accelerate the screening and identification of progeny materials, but because the time from harvesting to threshing and cleaning of tobacco seeds is longer, the propagation period is longer in the generation-adding process of the tobacco materials, the sowing time of the progeny materials is delayed, the labor cost of the south breeding of the tobacco is increased, and the rapid cultivation of the new tobacco variety (line) is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening the tobacco propagation period, and aims to solve the technical problem that normal sowing is delayed due to generation addition caused by longer seed harvesting, airing and threshing time.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a tobacco threshing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) loading the fruit cluster of the tobacco into a nylon mesh bag of 120 meshes, fastening a bag opening, and repeatedly beating in a cement ground until a capsule on the fruit cluster is crushed;
(2) spreading the nylon mesh bag on a cement ground, airing, turning over for 2 times every day, and airing for 1-2 days;
(3) threshing and cleaning: and (3) superposing and spreading two layers of nylon gauze, then unfastening the nylon mesh bag treated in the step (2), removing the branch parts of the clusters, slightly pouring the tissues left in the mesh bag on the nylon mesh, removing large granular tissues through the upper layer of nylon mesh, and removing fine granular substances mixed in tobacco seeds through the lower layer of nylon mesh.
(4) And bagging the seeds left on the lower layer of the nylon gauze, and storing for later use.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the two layers of nylon gauze in the step (3) comprise an upper layer of 60-mesh nylon gauze and a lower layer of 120-mesh nylon gauze.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the large granular tissues comprise pericarp and twigs.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, in the step (1), 1-3 clusters are filled in each mesh bag.
The invention also provides a tobacco seed harvesting method for shortening the tobacco propagation cycle, which comprises the following steps: harvesting the fruit cluster after more than 50% of capsule fruit peel of tobacco fruit cluster turns yellow, removing green fruit peel, loading the harvested fruit cluster into 120-mesh bags, air drying, threshing, cleaning, and performing generation addition or seed reproduction.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention provides a tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening the tobacco propagation period, compared with the prior art, the tobacco propagation period can be shortened by more than 10 days, the method can effectively relieve the contradiction between tobacco generation addition and normal sowing, is favorable for accelerating the screening and identification of new tobacco varieties (lines), and improves the breeding efficiency of the new tobacco varieties.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the detailed implementation and specific operation of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a tobacco seed harvesting method for shortening a tobacco propagation cycle, which comprises the following steps: harvesting the fruit cluster after more than 50% of capsule fruit peel of tobacco fruit cluster turns yellow, removing green fruit peel, loading the harvested fruit cluster into 120-mesh net bag, fastening the bag opening with thin thread rope or plastic rope, and performing threshing operation.
The threshing operation comprises the following steps:
(1) each mesh belt is filled with 1-3 ears, the length of each mesh bag is 45cm, the width of each mesh bag is 40cm, and the ears filled into the mesh bags are repeatedly beaten in a cement ground until capsules are crushed;
(2) spreading the mesh bag on cement ground, air drying, turning over for 2 times every day, air drying for 1-2 days, and threshing and cleaning;
(3) threshing and cleaning: firstly, two layers of nylon gauze (the upper layer is 60 meshes, the lower layer is 120 meshes) are laid on a table top, then a nylon gauze bag needing threshing is untied, the branch and stem parts of fruit ears are removed, the remaining tissues in the gauze bag are gently poured on the nylon gauze, large granular tissues such as fruit peels, twigs and the like are removed through the upper layer of nylon gauze, and fine granular substances mixed in tobacco seeds are removed through the lower layer of nylon gauze.
(4) The seeds left on the lower layer of the nylon gauze are subjected to a germination test, the remaining seeds are bagged and stored for preparing generation addition or reproduction, and the results of the germination test show that the germination rate of the seeds can reach over 90 percent after the seeds are threshed and harvested by the method.
The above is a detailed embodiment and a specific operation process of the present invention, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples.
Claims (5)
1. A tobacco threshing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) loading the fruit cluster of the tobacco into a nylon mesh bag of 120 meshes, fastening a bag opening, and repeatedly beating in a cement ground until a capsule on the fruit cluster is crushed;
(2) spreading the nylon mesh bag on a cement ground, airing, turning over for 2 times every day, and airing for 1-2 days;
(3) threshing and cleaning: and (3) superposing and spreading two layers of nylon gauze, then unfastening the nylon mesh bag treated in the step (2), removing the branch parts of the clusters, slightly pouring the tissues left in the mesh bag on the nylon mesh, removing large granular tissues through the upper layer of nylon mesh, and removing fine granular substances mixed in tobacco seeds through the lower layer of nylon mesh.
(4) And bagging the seeds left on the lower layer of the nylon gauze, and storing for later use.
2. The tobacco threshing method of claim 1, wherein the two nylon gauzes of step (3) comprise an upper 60-mesh nylon gauze and a lower 120-mesh nylon gauze.
3. A method of threshing tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein the large grain tissues include pericarp and twigs.
4. A method of threshing tobacco as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), 1-3 ears are placed in each mesh bag.
5. A tobacco seed harvesting method for shortening the tobacco reproduction cycle is characterized by comprising the following steps: harvesting the fruit cluster after 50% or more of capsule fruit peel of tobacco fruit cluster turns yellow, removing green fruit peel, loading the harvested fruit cluster into 120-mesh net bag, air drying, threshing, cleaning, and performing south propagation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010577436.2A CN111771531B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening tobacco propagation period |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010577436.2A CN111771531B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening tobacco propagation period |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111771531A true CN111771531A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
| CN111771531B CN111771531B (en) | 2022-09-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010577436.2A Active CN111771531B (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2020-06-23 | Tobacco seed harvesting method for threshing tobacco and shortening tobacco propagation period |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007114679A1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-10-11 | Oleg Mikhailovich Lee | Method for producing a cosmetic and medicinal tobacco-sead oil exhibiting preserved natural properties |
| CN204540007U (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-08-12 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of tobacco seed sheller unit of small plot experiment |
| CN205392942U (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2016-07-27 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Clear miscellaneous device of small sample tobacco seeds |
| CN106818108A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-06-13 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | The method of vigor Nicotiniana rustica seminal propagation storage high |
| CN209345582U (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-09-06 | 玉溪中烟种子有限责任公司 | A kind of tobacco single fruit picker |
-
2020
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202010577436.2A patent/CN111771531B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007114679A1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-10-11 | Oleg Mikhailovich Lee | Method for producing a cosmetic and medicinal tobacco-sead oil exhibiting preserved natural properties |
| CN204540007U (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-08-12 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | A kind of tobacco seed sheller unit of small plot experiment |
| CN205392942U (en) * | 2016-02-17 | 2016-07-27 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | Clear miscellaneous device of small sample tobacco seeds |
| CN106818108A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-06-13 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | The method of vigor Nicotiniana rustica seminal propagation storage high |
| CN209345582U (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-09-06 | 玉溪中烟种子有限责任公司 | A kind of tobacco single fruit picker |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 汪景彦: "《果树新品种新技术》", 31 December 1999, 中国林业出版社 * |
| 陈光星，兰宝文: "《天鹰椒栽培技术》", 30 September 1989, 天津科学技术出版社 * |
| 陈学珍: "《良种繁育技术》", 31 January 2006, 中央广播电视大学出版社 * |
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| CN111771531B (en) | 2022-09-06 |
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