CN111769243A - 一种数码电池隔膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种数码电池隔膜及其制备方法,该数码电池隔膜包括基膜和涂覆在基膜至少一个表面的聚合物涂层,所述隔膜的厚度为3~10μm,离子电导率为0.70~4.70mS·cm‑1。通过创新工艺得到的一种更薄的、更安全、电阻更小、孔隙率和透气性更好的、耐热性能更好的电池隔膜。用于解决现有超薄隔膜存在的不安全、电阻大、孔隙率低、透气差、以及耐热性能差等问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及隔膜生产技术领域,具体的说,是一种数码电池隔膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
锂离子电池由正极片、负极片、隔离膜和电解质材料四大关键材料组成。在锂电池结构中,隔膜是关键的内层组件之一,隔离膜的主要作用是使电池的正、负极分隔开来,防止两极接触而短路,同时能使锂离子通过。其性能直接决定电池寿命、使用安全性、放电倍率性、电池内阻、孔隙率、吸液率与电池容量的优劣,对提高电池的综合性能具有重要的作用。而电池隔膜的厚度是影响电池性能的主要因素之一,也是我们研究的热点。
随着数码产品的升级换代,隔膜市场需求更倾向于超薄的隔膜,同时也对超薄隔膜在耐热性能、热收缩等方面的性能提出更高的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐热性好、离子电导率高的超薄数码电池隔膜。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种数码电池隔膜,包括基膜和涂覆在基膜至少一个表面的聚合物涂层,其特征在于,所述隔膜的厚度为3~10μm,离子电导率为0.70~4.70mS·cm-1。
与现有技术相比,本发明的积极效果是:
本发明的数码电池隔膜比商业化隔膜具有更薄的厚度,占用空间小,以及更好的耐热性,能够在高温下保持更低的热收缩率,可以提供良好的安全性,有效的避免因隔膜高温热收缩被刺破而致使电池内部短路等危险事故的发生。
本发明的另一个目的在于,提供上述数码电池隔膜的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
S1、取所述有机无机聚合物、分散剂、粘结剂搅拌混合得到成品浆料,备用;
S2、将成品浆料于T1温度下涂布在基膜表面得到隔膜产品,涂布拉伸速差为0.1%~10%;接着进行复卷,复卷温度为T2、涂布时收放卷张力为1~20N;最后进行分切,分切收放卷张力为0.5~30N、接触压为0.01~0.2N;分切完成后,得到数码电池隔膜。
与现有技术相比,本发明的积极效果是:
采用本发明制备方法得到的数码电池隔膜比目前商业化隔膜更薄,除了改善隔膜孔隙率和透气性,还有助于降低电池阻抗和隔膜本体电阻,有效提高电池的离子电导率,进而提高电池的容量和倍率性能,以及电池寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明的数码电池隔膜的结构示意图。
附图中的标记为:
1为基膜
2为聚合物涂层
具体实施方式
以下提供本发明的数码电池隔膜的具体实施方式。
实施例1
如图1所示,本发明提供一种数码电池隔膜包括基膜1和涂覆在基膜1其中一个表面的聚合物涂层2。
上述数码电池隔膜的制备:
S1、取有机无机聚合物质量分数99%、分散剂质量分数0.5%、粘结剂质量分数0.5%;以800rpm的速度,搅拌1h,得到粒径为2nm的成品浆料,备用;
S2、将成品浆料于T1(50℃)下涂布在基膜表面得到隔膜产品,涂布拉伸速差为5%,并于50℃下烘干;紧接着在T2(75℃)复卷温度和收放卷张力为10N下进行复卷;最后进行分切,分切收放卷张力为0.5N、接触压为0.01N分切完成后,得到本发明成品数码电池隔膜。
经过试验检测,本发明成品数码电池隔膜厚度为7μm;透气值为200s/100cc,孔隙率小于或等于30%,200℃下热收缩率大于或等于8%,隔膜本体电阻大于或等于30Ω,电池电阻大于或等于100Ω,离子电导率为0.70-1.70mS·cm-1。
实施例2
按照实施例1的制备方法制备如图1所示的数码电池隔膜,不同的是:
在步骤S1中将成品浆料涂布在PE基膜表面得到隔膜产品;
在步骤S2中分切收卷张力为10N。
经过试验检测,本发明成品数码电池隔膜厚度为隔膜厚度为7μm;透气值为200s/100cc,孔隙率为30-60%;200℃下热收缩率小于或等于3%,隔膜本体电阻为0.1-30Ω,且电池电阻为10-100Ω,离子电导率为2.10-4.70mS·cm-1。
实施例3
按照实施例1的制备方法进行制备,不同的是:在步骤S2中分切收卷张力为30N,而实施例1中是0.5N。
经过试验检测,本发明成品数码电池隔膜厚度为隔膜厚度为7μm;透气值为200s/100cc,得到的涂布膜孔隙率为小于或等于30%,200℃下热收缩率大于或等于8%,隔膜本体电阻大于或等于30Ω,且电池电阻大于或等于100Ω,离子电导率为0.70-1.70mS·cm-1。
实施例4
按照实施例1的制备方法进行制备,不同的是:
在S2中,涂布拉伸速差为10%,接触压为0.1N。
经过试验检测,隔膜厚度为3μm;透气值为300s/100cc,孔隙率小于或等于30%,200℃下,热收缩率大于或等于8%,隔膜本体电阻大于或等于30Ω,且电池电阻大于或等于100Ω,离子电导率为0.70-1.70mS·cm-1。
实施例5
按照实施例1的制备方法进行制备,不同的是:
在步骤S1中,在喷涂机上以700rpm的搅拌速度,搅拌0.01h,得到粒径为0.1nm的浆料。
在步骤S2中,以T1(70℃)的涂布温度进行涂布,涂布拉伸速差为0.1%,收放卷张力为20N,在T2(70℃)下复卷。
经过试验检测,本发明成品数码电池隔膜厚度为10μm;透气值为80s/100cc,孔隙率为小于或等于30%;在200℃下隔膜热收缩率大于或等于8%,隔膜本体电阻大于或等于30Ω,且电池电阻大于或等于100Ω,离子电导率为0.70-1.70mS·cm-1。
实施例6
按照实施例1的制备方法进行制备,不同的是,
在S1步骤中,将机无机聚合物、分散剂、粘结剂以在喷涂机上以1300rpm的搅拌速度,搅拌7h,得到粒径为10nm的浆料;
在步骤2中,以T1(60℃)的涂布温度、涂布拉伸速差为6%将成品浆料涂布在PE基膜上;涂布时收放卷张力为1N,紧接着进行复卷,以T2(100℃)复卷温度;再进行分切,分切收放卷张力为5N,接触压为0.2N。
经过试验检测,本发明成品数码电池隔膜厚度为6μm,透气值为20s/100cc,得到的涂布膜孔隙率为30-60%;200℃下隔膜的热收缩率小于或等于3%,隔膜本体电阻在0.1-30Ω,且电池电阻在10-100Ω,离子电导率为2.10-4.70mS·cm-1。
实施例7
按照实施例1的制备方法进行制备,不同的是:
在S2中,涂布拉伸速差为4%进行涂布,分切收放卷张力为15N;
经过试验检测,本发明成品数码电池隔膜厚度为8μm,透气值为200s/100cc,得到的涂布膜孔隙率为30-60s/100cc,200℃下,隔膜的热收缩率小于等于3%,隔膜本体电阻在0.1-30Ω范围内,且电池电阻在10-100Ω,离子电导率为2.10~4.70mS·cm-1。
表1为本发明的不同分切张力条件下制备的数码电池隔膜的热收缩性能、本体电阻和阻抗测试、孔隙率和离子电导率数据结果。
表2为本发明的不同涂布拉伸速差条件下制备的数码电池隔膜的热收缩性能测试、本体电阻和阻抗测试、孔隙率和离子电导率数据结果。
表3为本发明的不同隔膜厚度条件下的数码电池隔膜的热收缩性能测试、本体电阻和阻抗测试、孔隙率和离子电导率数据结果。
表4为本发明的不同透气值条件下的数码电池隔膜的热收缩性能测试、本体电阻和阻抗测试、孔隙率和离子电导率数据结果。
表1
表2
表3
表4
如表1所示,本发明的数码电池隔膜的电池阻抗和本体电阻测试、孔隙率和离子电导率数据结果,可以发现数码电池隔膜在不同的分切张力下具有不同的性能,当分切张力为0.5N和30N时,数码电池隔膜的热收缩率大于或等于8%,且电池电阻大于或等于100Ω,隔膜本体电阻大于或等于30Ω,孔隙率小于或等于30%,离子电导率为0.70-1.70mS·cm-1;而当分切张力为10N时,数码电池隔膜的热收缩率小于或等于3%,且电池电阻为10-100Ω,本体电阻为0.1-30Ω,孔隙率为30-60%,离子电导率为2.10-4.70mS·cm-1;综上可知,分切张力为0.5-30N时的数码电池隔膜性能较好;其中分切张力为10N条件下的数码电池隔膜的电阻安全性、隔热和耐热性能更好,以及具有更低的阻抗和更高的离子电导率,可以有效的避免隔膜在高温下出现热收缩或者破膜现象的发生,致使正负极直接接触导致电池内部短路,引发安全性隐患,具有很大的发展前景。
如表2所示,本发明的数码电池隔膜的电池阻抗和本体电阻测试、孔隙率和离子电导率等数据结果,可以发现数码电池隔膜在不同的涂布拉伸速差下具有不同的性能,当涂布拉伸速差为0.1%和10%时,数码电池隔膜的热收缩率大于或等于8%,且电池电阻大于或等于100Ω,隔膜本体电阻大于或等于30Ω,孔隙率小于或等于30%,离子电导率为0.70-1.70mS·cm-1;而当涂布拉伸速差为5%时,数码电池隔膜的热收缩率小于或等于3%,且电池电阻为10-100Ω,隔膜本体电阻为0.1-30Ω,孔隙率为30-60%,离子电导率为2.10-4.70mS·cm-1;综上可知,涂布拉伸速差为0.1%-10%时的数码电池隔膜性能更好;其中涂布拉伸速差为5%条件下的数码电池隔膜的电阻安全性、隔热和耐热性能更好,以及具有更低的阻抗和更高的离子电导率,可以有效的避免隔膜在高温下出现热收缩或者破膜现象的发生,致使正负极直接接触导致电池内部短路,引发安全性隐患,具有很大的发展前景。
如表3所示,本发明的数码电池隔膜的电池阻抗和本体电阻测试、孔隙率、透气性和离子电导率等数据结果,可以发现数码电池隔膜在不同的隔膜厚度下具有不同的性能,当隔膜厚度为3μm和10μm时,数码电池隔膜的热收缩率大于或等于8%,且电池电阻大于或等于100Ω,本体电阻大于或等于30Ω,孔隙率小于或等于30%,离子电导率为0.70-1.70mS·cm-1;而当涂布厚度为7μm时,数码电池隔膜的热收缩率小于或等于3%,且电池电阻为10-100Ω,隔膜本体电阻为0.1-30Ω,孔隙率为30-60%,离子电导率为2.10-4.70mS·cm-1;综上可知,隔膜厚度为3-10μm时的数码电池隔膜性能更好;其中隔膜厚度为7μm条件下的数码电池隔膜的电阻安全性、隔热和耐热性能更好,以及具有更低的阻抗和更高的离子电导率,可以有效的避免隔膜在高温下出现热收缩或者破膜现象的发生,致使正负极直接接触导致电池内部短路,引发安全性隐患,具有很大的发展前景。
如表4所示,本发明的数码电池隔膜的电池阻抗和本体电阻测试、孔隙率和离子电导率等数据结果,可以发现数码电池隔膜在不同的透气值下具有不同的性能,当隔膜透气值为80s/100cc和300s/100cc,数码电池隔膜的热收缩率大于或等于8%,且电池电阻大于或等于100Ω,本体电阻大于或等于30Ω,孔隙率小于或等于30%,离子电导率为0.70-1.70mS·cm-1;而当隔膜透气值为200s/100cc时,数码电池隔膜的热收缩率小于或等于3%,且电池电阻为10-100Ω,隔膜本体电阻为0.1-30Ω,孔隙率为30-60%,离子电导率为2.10-4.70mS·cm-1;综上可知,当隔膜透气值为80-300s/100cc时的数码电池隔膜性能更好;其中隔膜透气值为200s/100cc条件下的数码电池隔膜的电阻安全性、隔热和耐热性能更好,以及具有更低的阻抗和更高的离子电导率,可以有效的避免隔膜在高温下出现热收缩或者破膜现象的发生,致使正负极直接接触导致电池内部短路,引发安全性隐患,具有很大的发展前景。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种数码电池隔膜,包括基膜和涂覆在基膜至少一个表面的聚合物涂层,其特征在于,所述隔膜的厚度为3~10μm,离子电导率为0.70~4.70mS·cm-1。
2.如权利要求1所述的数码电池隔膜,其特征在于,所述隔膜透气值为80~300s/100cc。
3.如权利要求1所述的数码电池隔膜,其特征在于,所述隔膜为6-8μm,离子电导率为2.10~4.70mS·cm-1,所述隔膜在200℃下的热收缩小于或等于3%。
4.如权利要求3所述的数码电池隔膜,其特征在于,所述隔膜本身的本体电阻为0.1~30Ω,所述隔膜的孔隙率为30~60%。
5.如权利要求1所述的数码电池隔膜,其特征在于,所述聚合物涂层中各原料的质量分数为:有机无机聚合物:98%~99.8%、分散剂:0.1%~1%、粘结剂:0.1%~1%。
6.如权利要求1-5任意一项所述的数码电池隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、取所述有机无机聚合物、分散剂、粘结剂搅拌混合得到成品浆料,备用;
S2、将成品浆料于T1温度下涂布在基膜表面得到隔膜产品,涂布拉伸速差为0.1%~10%;接着进行复卷,复卷温度为T2、涂布时收放卷张力为1~20N;最后进行分切,分切收放卷张力为0.5~30N、接触压为0.01~0.2N;分切完成后,得到数码电池隔膜。
7.如权利要求6所述的码电池隔膜的制备方法,其特征在于,S1步骤中所述有机无机聚合物、分散剂、粘结剂以700~1300rpm的速度,搅拌0.01~7h,得到粒径为0.1~10nm的成品浆料;S2步骤中的T1为50~70℃,T2为70~100℃。
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