CN111747796A - Functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111747796A CN111747796A CN202010524391.2A CN202010524391A CN111747796A CN 111747796 A CN111747796 A CN 111747796A CN 202010524391 A CN202010524391 A CN 202010524391A CN 111747796 A CN111747796 A CN 111747796A
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- knot nematode
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
Abstract
The invention discloses a functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root-knot nematode diseases and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of root-knot nematode prevention and treatment. The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of forest fallen leaves and humus, 10-15 parts of corn straw, 8-10 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of murraya paniculata, 8-10 parts of wormwood and 0.1-0.2 part of EM (effective microorganism) fermentation agent; the invention adds the murraya paniculata and the wormwood into the organic fertilizer, thereby realizing the organic combination of the tobacco growth elements and the root knot nematode inhibition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root-knot nematode diseases and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of root-knot nematode prevention and treatment.
Background
In recent years, organic fertilizers have been widely used in tobacco planting. Researches find that the organic fertilizer can better meet the nutrients required by the growth of tobacco, the tobacco plant using the organic fertilizer can be obviously improved in height and the quantity of tobacco leaves, and the nitrogen fertilizer required by the later growth of the tobacco plant can be provided due to the slow release of the nutrients of the biological organic fertilizer, so that the fertilizer required by the later growth of the tobacco plant can be provided.
The existing organic fertilizer generally researches how to provide comprehensive nutrient elements for the growth of tobacco and how to improve the release and absorption of elements such as N, P, K and the like, and little organic fertilizer is considered for preventing and treating tobacco root-knot nematode disease, but the tobacco root-knot nematode disease has great damage to flue-cured tobacco plants, the damaged tobacco grows short and slow, the leaf color is abnormal, and the plants die in advance. Therefore, a functional organic fertilizer capable of preventing and treating the tobacco root knot nematode disease is urgently needed to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of forest fallen leaves and humus, 10-15 parts of corn straw, 8-10 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of murraya paniculata, 8-10 parts of wormwood and 0.1-0.2 part of EM (effective microorganism) fermentation inoculant.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease, which comprises the following steps:
(1) smashing murraya paniculata and wormwood, soaking the smashed murraya paniculata and wormwood in water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 30-50 for 2-3 hours, decocting for 50-60 min, filtering, decocting in water again, decocting for 2-3 times, and mixing filtrates;
(2) mixing the residues obtained in the step (1), pig manure, forest fallen leaves, humus and corn straws, uniformly mixing with an EM (effective microorganism) fermentation agent, and then stacking;
(3) and (2) pouring the filtrate obtained in the step (1) onto a fertilizer pile, adjusting the water content to be 40-45%, keeping the temperature to be 50-65 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 50-60 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the height of the fertilizer pile is 1.8-2.0 m.
The application method of the organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: when the flue-cured tobacco is planted, the flue-cured tobacco is directly placed in a tobacco pond,
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adds the murraya paniculata and the wormwood into the organic fertilizer, thereby realizing the organic combination of the tobacco growth elements and the root knot nematode inhibition.
(2) According to the method, the extracting solution of the murraya paniculata and the wormwood is poured onto the fertilizer pile, so that the effective components can uniformly permeate into each corner of the organic fertilizer, and the medicine dregs are put into the organic fertilizer for continuous fermentation, so that the utilization rate of the medicine dregs can be improved, the nutritive elements are provided for the flue-cured tobacco, and the effect of preventing and treating root-knot nematodes is achieved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above description.
Example 1
A functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of forest fallen leaves and humus, 10-15 parts of corn straw, 8-10 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of murraya paniculata, 8-10 parts of wormwood and 0.1-0.2 part of EM (effective microorganism) fermentation inoculant.
The preparation method of the functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the tobacco root knot nematode disease specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) smashing murraya paniculata and wormwood, soaking the smashed murraya paniculata and wormwood in water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 30-50 for 2-3 hours, decocting for 50-60 min, filtering, decocting in water again, decocting for 2-3 times, and mixing filtrates;
(2) mixing the residues obtained in the step (1), pig manure, forest fallen leaves, humus and corn straws, uniformly stacking the mixture with EM (effective microorganism) fermentation bacteria agent to enable the height of a fertilizer pile to be 1.8-2.0 m;
(3) and (2) pouring the filtrate obtained in the step (1) onto a fertilizer pile, adjusting the water content to be 40-45%, keeping the temperature to be 50-65 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 50-60 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
At 20 mu flue-cured tobacco planting test area of Yunnan Xuanwei, use the fertilizer that this embodiment provided, the usage is: the organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and the fertilizer is turned over and covered, wherein the fertilizer is 450Kg per mu of land, compared with flue-cured tobacco without the organic fertilizer, the yield of the flue-cured tobacco (dry tobacco) per mu is increased by 95Kg, and the inhibition rate of root-knot nematodes is 98.9%.
Example 2
A functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of forest fallen leaves and humus, 10-15 parts of corn straw, 8-10 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of murraya paniculata, 8-10 parts of wormwood and 0.1-0.2 part of EM (effective microorganism) fermentation inoculant.
The preparation method of the functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the tobacco root knot nematode disease specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) smashing murraya paniculata and wormwood, soaking the smashed murraya paniculata and wormwood in water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 30-50 for 2-3 hours, decocting for 50-60 min, filtering, decocting in water again, decocting for 2-3 times, and mixing filtrates;
(2) mixing the residues obtained in the step (1), pig manure, forest fallen leaves, humus and corn straws, uniformly stacking the mixture with EM (effective microorganism) fermentation bacteria agent to enable the height of a fertilizer pile to be 1.8-2.0 m;
(3) and (2) pouring the filtrate obtained in the step (1) onto a fertilizer pile, adjusting the water content to be 40-45%, keeping the temperature to be 50-65 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 50-60 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
At 20 mu flue-cured tobacco planting test area of Yunnan Xuanwei, use the fertilizer that this embodiment provided, the usage is: the organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and the fertilizer is turned over and covered, wherein the fertilizer is 450Kg per mu of land, compared with flue-cured tobacco without the organic fertilizer, the yield of the flue-cured tobacco (dry tobacco) per mu is increased by 98Kg, and the inhibition rate of root-knot nematodes is 99.3%.
Example 3
A functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of forest fallen leaves and humus, 10-15 parts of corn straw, 8-10 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of murraya paniculata, 8-10 parts of wormwood and 0.1-0.2 part of EM (effective microorganism) fermentation inoculant.
The preparation method of the functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating the tobacco root knot nematode disease specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) smashing murraya paniculata and wormwood, soaking the smashed murraya paniculata and wormwood in water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 30-50 for 2-3 hours, decocting for 50-60 min, filtering, decocting in water again, decocting for 2-3 times, and mixing filtrates;
(2) mixing the residues obtained in the step (1), pig manure, forest fallen leaves, humus and corn straws, uniformly stacking the mixture with EM (effective microorganism) fermentation bacteria agent to enable the height of a fertilizer pile to be 1.8-2.0 m;
(3) and (2) pouring the filtrate obtained in the step (1) onto a fertilizer pile, adjusting the water content to be 40-45%, keeping the temperature to be 50-65 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 50-60 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
At 20 mu flue-cured tobacco planting test area of Yunnan Xuanwei, use the fertilizer that this embodiment provided, the usage is: the organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and the fertilizer is turned over and covered, wherein the fertilizer is 450Kg per mu of land, compared with flue-cured tobacco without the organic fertilizer, the yield of the flue-cured tobacco (flue-cured tobacco) per mu is increased by 93Kg, and the inhibition rate of root-knot nematodes is 99.5%.
Example 4
Inhibition test of wormwood and groundsel extracts on tobacco root-knot nematode:
cleaning tobacco roots infected with root-knot nematodes with clear water, placing the tobacco roots under a dissecting mirror to pick eggs, then disinfecting the tobacco roots with a sodium hypochlorite solution for 1min, washing the tobacco roots with sterile water for several times, placing the tobacco roots in the sterile water, culturing at a constant temperature of 18 ℃, after eggs are hatched in batches, taking 150 hatched 2-year nematodes in the next day.
Selecting 30 mu L of root-knot nematode solution with the density of about 15 pieces/mu L, simultaneously adding equivalent amount of wormwood and groundsel extracts (the mass percentage concentration is 10%, 20% and 30%), placing the solution in a culture dish for moisturizing, culturing at the constant temperature of 18 ℃ for 1 day, 2 days and 3 days, dripping 30 mu L of traditional Chinese medicine preparation every two days, taking clear water as a control group, observing the number of live insects and dead insects under a microscope every day, straightening the root-knot nematodes, touching the root-knot nematodes with a dissecting needle to be immobile, recording the number as dead, and bending the root-knot nematodes as live insects.
Mortality rate: [ (number of live insects before dosing-number of live insects after dosing culture)/number of live insects before dosing ]. times.100%.
TABLE 1 mortality of Meloidogyne after treatment with the Chinese medicinal preparation obtained in the examples of the present invention
It can be seen from table 1 that the senecio scandens and the wormwood extract have very good control effect on the tobacco root-knot nematode.
Claims (3)
1. A functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease is characterized in that: the organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of forest fallen leaves and humus, 10-15 parts of corn straw, 8-10 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of murraya paniculata, 8-10 parts of wormwood and 0.1-0.2 part of EM (effective microorganism) fermentation inoculant.
2. The preparation method of the functional organic fertilizer for controlling tobacco root knot nematode disease according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) smashing murraya paniculata and wormwood, soaking the smashed murraya paniculata and wormwood in water according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1: 30-50 for 2-3 hours, decocting for 50-60 min, filtering, decocting in water again, decocting for 2-3 times, and mixing filtrates;
(2) mixing the residues obtained in the step (1), pig manure, forest fallen leaves, humus and corn straws, uniformly mixing with an EM (effective microorganism) fermentation agent, and then stacking;
(3) and (2) pouring the filtrate obtained in the step (1) onto a fertilizer pile, adjusting the water content to be 40-45%, keeping the temperature to be 50-65 ℃, and continuously fermenting for 50-60 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
3. The method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the height of the fertilizer pile is 1.8-2.0 m.
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| CN202010524391.2A CN111747796A (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010524391.2A CN111747796A (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Functional organic fertilizer for preventing and treating tobacco root knot nematode disease and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1872814A (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2006-12-06 | 白会新 | Method for preparing insect repelling organic fertilizer |
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| CN107488078A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-19 | 黑龙江九穗谷农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of organic fertilizer and preparation method with insect-expelling function based on biological bacteria |
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2020
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| CN102399096A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-04-04 | 山东安绿肥业有限公司 | Method of producing organic fertilizer by using Chinese herb residue |
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