CN111719239A - 一种高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡 - Google Patents
一种高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡，由高强度玻璃纤维棉与改性粘结剂组成，所述高强度玻璃纤维棉由SiO2、Al2O3、MgO、TiO2、CaO、和Li2O组成的玻璃原料经熔融与1000～1200℃高温火焰拉丝得到，直径在在1.5～3.0μm范围内呈正态分布，所述的改性粘结剂由改性酚醛树脂与复合基料组成。本发明同时对玻璃纤维棉与粘结剂进行改良优化，制备出的产品强度、抗老化性能与使用寿命提升明显，且性能稳定。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机高分子领域，具体涉及一种高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡及其制备方法。
背景技术
玻璃纤维棉毡是先将玻璃原料熔融并纤维化，然后通过离心或者火焰喷吹的方法使其成为棉状短纤维，最后再通过施加一定胶粘剂并固化后得到的具有固定形状的毡状玻璃制品材料。随着经济与工业的快速发展，人们对各种材料性能的要求越来越高，而玻璃纤维棉毡作为一种早已得到广泛应用的无机类材料也包括在这些材料当中，传统的玻璃纤维棉毡主要是用于建筑和工业的隔热与隔音领域，这些领域对棉毡的其他性能没有特别的要求，而如今玻璃纤维棉毡的应用正逐渐从建筑等低端领域向航空航天等高精端领域发展，因而人们在关心玻璃纤维棉毡的隔热隔音性能的同时，也对其强度与抗老化等其他性能提出了更高的要求，这对于传统的制备工艺来说很难同时满足。
公开号为CN109703119A的发明专利公开了一种水性聚氨酯改性的耐油耐磨玻璃纤维棉毡及其制备方法，该发明采用水性聚氨酯改性玻璃纤维棉毡，无污染、安全可靠，能够改善玻璃纤维棉毡的机械性能优良、使其具有耐油耐磨的良好性能；同时石墨烯边界C和Si粘接起来，层与层之间的结合力较好，具有良好的力学性能，在极端条件下不容易开裂脱落，制得的玻璃纤维棉毡被石墨烯层均匀覆盖，不仅提高了整体的机械强度，而且提高了导热性，在一定情况下可以取代碳纤维，具有实用性，能被运用在更加多样的领域。
公开号为CN111058186A的发明专利公开了一种高强度隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡的制备方法及产品，该方法具体为：玻璃纤维棉由喷棉口喷出后进入集棉罩，在集棉罩内完成喷胶后落于成型网带上，经滚压、定型后制得高强度隔音隔热玻璃纤维棉毡。该发明中通过使用具有特定结构的集棉罩，保证玻璃纤维棉在喷胶过程中能够被均匀施胶，增强玻璃纤维间的结合力，从而提高玻璃纤维棉毡的机械强度。该方法简单易操作，且成本低，适合工业化生产。公开号为CN105733178B的发明专利公开了一种耐磨抗老化树脂的制备方法，具体为：1)将酚和甲醛放入反应釜中，加入催化剂，升温并进行保温反应，得到缩合液；2)将松香投入反应釜中，升温，加入木质素和催化剂，保温反应，再依次添加烷基胺和三聚氰胺，再升温并进行保温反应，再加入聚乙烯醇和苯乙烯，继续保温反应；降温，边搅拌边加入缩合液，保温反应，冷却；再加入金刚石粉，搅拌，出锅，得到耐磨抗老化树脂。该发明采用了合适的原料配比、反应温度、反应时间和催化剂等工艺条件，生产中能有效控制粘度，操作简便弹性大，效果好，显著提高产品的质量，特别是树脂的耐磨性和抗老化性。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术的不足，从玻璃纤维棉毡的原料组分与粘结剂改性两方面入手，提供了一种高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于所述高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡由高强度玻璃纤维棉与改性粘结剂组成，所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉由组分为40～70份SiO2、15～25份Al2O3、5～10份MgO、5～10份CaO、0.5～1份TiO2、0.75～1份ZrO2的玻璃原料经窑炉融化成液体，再经过高温火焰喷吹拉丝形成，所述的高温火焰喷吹拉丝过程中天然气流量控制在45～60m3/h，喷吹温度控制在1000～1200℃，所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉毡纤维直径在1.5～3.0μm范围内呈正态分布；所述改性粘结剂由30～50份改性酚醛树脂、6～10份增强剂、1～10份尿素、1～10份三聚氰胺、1～10份硅烷偶联剂(KH550)与1～6份硫酸铵经过一定合成工艺制备得到，所述的改性酚醛树脂由50～100份苯酚、75～120份甲醛、5～10份十八烷基胺、0.2～0.5份氧化石墨烯与0.8～1.0份催化剂氢氧化钠在70～90℃下通过原位聚合法合成而得到，所述石墨烯可为单层石墨烯或多层石墨烯，其中优选单层石墨烯；所述的增强剂由10～18份阳离子聚丙烯酰胺与5～9份聚合氯化铝混合而得到；所述的高强度粘结剂通过向所述改性酚醛树脂中依次加入增强剂、尿素、三聚氰胺、硅烷偶联剂和硫酸铵混合而得到。
本发明所述的份数为重量份。
本发明具有如下的有益效果：(1)本发明首先对生产玻璃纤维棉的原料进行了合理的配比设计，在尽可能简化工艺的前提下大大提高了玻璃纤维棉自身的力学性能与耐酸碱腐蚀性能，从而直接改善了玻璃纤维棉本身的性能；(2)本发明其次对粘结剂基料与助剂进行了改良与设计，使用原位聚合法制备的氧化石墨烯改性酚醛树脂中酚醛树脂分子链在石墨烯片层上生长，而由于酚醛树脂体系中交联网络的存在导致石墨烯被牢牢锁定在聚合物网络中，并最小化向表面移动，最终形成连续且致密的炭层，在使用过程中这些致密的炭层能够起到阻隔水分渗入的作用，结合十八烷基胺，能够提高粘结剂的抗老化性；(3)本发明采用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺与聚合氯化铝改性酚醛树脂粘结剂，可以提高粘结剂的粘接强度。本发明公开的技术制备的产品强度高、使用寿命长，且制备方法简单可行。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐明本发明，应理解这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定。
实施例1
一种高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于所述高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡由高强度玻璃纤维棉与改性粘结剂组成，所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉由组分为63.5份SiO2、15.3份Al2O3、10份MgO、10份CaO、0.5份TiO2、0.75份ZrO2的玻璃原料经窑炉融化成液体，再经过高温火焰喷吹拉丝形成，所述的高温火焰喷吹拉丝过程中天然气流量控制在50m3/h，喷吹温度控制在1000℃，所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉毡纤维直径在1.5～3.0μm范围内呈正态分布：所述高强度粘结剂由50份改性酚醛树脂、10份增强剂、10份尿素、10份三聚氰胺、5份硅烷偶联剂(KH550)与5份硫酸铵经过一定合成工艺制备得到；所述的改性酚醛树脂由80份苯酚、120份甲醛、5份十八烷基胺、0.2份氧化石墨烯与0.8份催化剂氢氧化钠在70℃下通过原位聚合法合成而得到，所述石墨烯可为单层石墨烯或多层石墨烯，其中优选单层石墨烯；述的增强剂由10份阳离子聚丙烯酰胺与5份聚合氯化铝混合而得到；所述的改性粘结剂通过向所述改性酚醛树脂中依次加入增强剂、尿素、三聚氰胺、硅烷偶联剂和硫酸铵混合而得到。
实施例2
一种高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于所述高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡由高强度玻璃纤维棉与改性粘结剂组成，所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉由组分为70份SiO2、9.8份Al2O3、10份MgO、10份CaO、0.5份TiO2、0.75份ZrO2的玻璃原料经窑炉融化成液体，再经过高温火焰喷吹拉丝形成，所述的高温火焰喷吹拉丝过程中天然气流量控制在50m3/h，喷吹温度控制在1000℃，所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉毡纤维直径在1.5～3.0μm范围内呈正态分布；所述高强度粘结剂由35份改性酚醛树脂、10份增强剂、5份尿素、5份三聚氰胺、5份硅烷偶联剂(KH550)与5份硫酸铵经过一定合成工艺制备得到；所述的改性酚醛树脂由80份苯酚、120份甲醛、10份十八烷基胺、0.2份氧化石墨烯与0.8份催化剂氢氧化钠在70℃下通过原位聚合法合成而得到，所述石墨烯可为单层石墨烯或多层石墨烯，其中优选单层石墨烯；述的增强剂由18份阳离子聚丙烯酰胺与9份聚合氯化铝混合而得到；所述的改性粘结剂通过向所述改性酚醛树脂中依次加入增强剂、尿素、三聚氰胺、硅烷偶联剂和硫酸铵混合而得到。
本发明所述的份数为重量份。
上述仅为本发明的两个具体实施方式，但本发明的设计构思并不局限于此，凡利用此构思对本发明进行非实质性的改动，均应属于侵犯本发明保护的范围的行为。但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何形式的简单修改、等同变化与改型，仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡，由高强度玻璃纤维棉与改性粘结剂组成，其特征在于所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉由组分为40～70份SiO2、15～25份Al2O3、5～10份MgO、5～10份CaO、0.5～1份TiO2、0.75～1份ZrO2的玻璃原料经窑炉融化成液体，再经过高温火焰喷吹拉丝形成；所述改性粘结剂由30～50份改性酚醛树脂、6～10份增强剂、1～10份尿素、1～10份三聚氰胺、1～10份硅烷偶联剂(KH550)与1～6份硫酸铵经过一定合成工艺制备得到，其中所述份数为重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于所述述的高温火焰喷吹拉丝过程中天然气流量控制在45～60m3/h，喷吹温度控制住800～1000℃，所述的高强度玻璃纤维棉毡纤维直径在1.5～3.0μm范围内呈正态分布。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于所述的改性酚醛树脂由50～100份苯酚、75～120份甲醛、5～10份十八烷基胺、0.2～0.5份氧化石墨烯与0.8～1.0份催化剂氢氧化钠在70～90℃下通过原位聚合法合成而得到，其中所述份数为重量份；所述石墨烯可以为单层石墨烯或多层石墨烯，其中优选单层石墨烯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的所述的高强度抗老化玻璃纤维棉毡，其特征在于所述的增强剂由10～18份阳离子聚丙烯酰胺与5～9份聚合氯化铝混合而得到；所述改性粘结剂通过向所述改性酚醛树脂中依次加入增强剂、尿素、三聚氰胺、硅烷偶联剂和硫酸铵混合而得到，其中所述份数为重量份。
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| CN114771054A (zh) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-22 | 安徽中纤新材料有限公司 | 一种石墨烯玻璃纤维及其制备方法 |
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| CN114771054A (zh) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-22 | 安徽中纤新材料有限公司 | 一种石墨烯玻璃纤维及其制备方法 |
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