CN111688306A - 一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯sms复合无纺布 - Google Patents

一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯sms复合无纺布 Download PDF

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CN111688306A
CN111688306A CN202010511133.0A CN202010511133A CN111688306A CN 111688306 A CN111688306 A CN 111688306A CN 202010511133 A CN202010511133 A CN 202010511133A CN 111688306 A CN111688306 A CN 111688306A
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woven fabric
polypropylene
retardant
spun
composite
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简德亮
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Zhejiang Jingcheng Non Woven Fabric Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，包括第一纺粘无纺布层、第二熔喷无纺布层以及第三纺粘无纺布层，顺序复合，所述第一纺粘无纺布层，由聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵的原料混合，再通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；所述第二熔喷无纺布层，由等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇的原料混合，再通过熔喷法生产工艺制得；所述第三纺粘无纺布层，由聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维混合通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；其中，所述复合阻燃剂为含有酸源、气源和碳源的含磷三嗪低聚物。本发明制备的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布具有优异的透气性、阻燃效果和防水性能，且断裂强度大，纵向和横向方向均不易扯断的优点，从而使其使用领域得以拓宽。

Description

一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布。
背景技术
聚丙烯SMS无纺布(Spunbond+Meltblown+Spunbond Nonwoven)属复合无纺布,是新一代的环保材料,该类产品具有强力高、防护性能优良,透气舒适,环保、无毒无味等优点,目前被广泛用于医疗卫生领域,如手术服、手术帽、手术包布、手术罩布、杀菌绷带、防护服等,因此,市场对PP基SMS无纺布的抗菌性能提出了更高的要求.当前具备抗菌功能的PP基无纺布加工方法主要有添加法和后整理法两种。其中,采用添加法制得的抗菌织物具有耐洗涤和抗菌效力持久等特点,比较适用于非一次性抗菌纤维用品；采用后整理法制得的抗菌织物则不耐洗涤,其抗菌效力通常随洗涤次数的增多而变弱，但就无纺布一般作为一次性用纺织品而言,采用后整理法具有效果好、成本低的工艺优势。
为此,通过后整理技术赋予无纺布抗菌性能具有较高的市场价值。而现有已公开的聚丙烯SMS服务无纺布中，为了实现阻燃效果，使用的阻燃剂较为单一、阻燃效果差且防水耐水性能也一般，从而限定了其推广应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点，而提出的一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布。
一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，包括第一纺粘无纺布层、第二熔喷无纺布层以及第三纺粘无纺布层，顺序复合，其中，
所述第一纺粘无纺布层，由包括熔融指数为36-40g/10min的聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵的原料混合，再通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；
所述第二熔喷无纺布层，由包括熔融指数为1000-1200g/10min的等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇的原料混合，再通过熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三纺粘无纺布层，由聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述复合阻燃剂为含磷三嗪低聚物，通过将原料化合物(1)2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、化合物(2)顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯以及化合物(4)季戊四醇经以下反应过程得到：
Figure BDA0002528323690000031
进一步的，所述第一纺粘无纺布层中，聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵的重量比为(95-98)：(1-2)：(1-3)。
进一步的，所述第二熔喷无纺布层中，等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇的重量比为(94-98)：(1-2)：(1-4)。
进一步的，所述第三纺粘无纺布层中，聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维的原料的重量比为(5-9)：(91-95)。
进一步的，含磷三嗪低聚物的数均分子量为2000-5000。
进一步的，所述复合阻燃剂的制备，包括以下步骤：将2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪溶解于有机溶剂中，边搅拌边加入顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯，室温下搅拌反应4-6h，反应结束后将有机溶剂旋蒸出来，剩余的油状物用正己烷和乙醚的体积比为1：(3-5)的混合溶剂处理后，过滤得到物质Ⅲ；将物质Ⅲ、季戊四醇、二丁基氧化锡和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀，升温至150-170℃，保持反应18-20h，并不断蒸出生成的乙醇，待反应完毕后，除去溶剂，得到同时含有酸源、气源和碳源的含磷三嗪低聚物，作为复合阻燃剂。
进一步的，所述2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯与季戊四醇的摩尔比为(1-1.5)：(3-5)：(1.2-2.0)。
进一步的，所述化合物(2)用6-苄基八氢吡咯并[3,4-b]吡啶替换，得到的含磷三嗪低聚物的化学结构式为
Figure BDA0002528323690000041
或者用1-Boc-八氢吡咯并[3,4-b]吡啶替换，得到的含磷三嗪低聚物的化学结构式为
Figure BDA0002528323690000042
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种上述阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、第一纺粘无纺布层：由原料聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵按重量比进行混合，再通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；
S2、第二熔喷无纺布层的制备：由原料等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇按重量比进行混合，再通过熔喷法生产工艺制得；
S3、第三纺粘无纺布层的制备：由聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维混纺按重量比通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；
S4、复合：将第一纺粘无纺布层、第二熔喷无纺布层、第三纺粘无纺布层依顺序进行复合；
S5、后处理：用静电剂剂通过涂覆方法对聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布进行处理，然后烘干。
本发明的目的之三还在于提供上述阻燃、防水SMS复合无纺布的应用，所述无纺布应用于医疗卫生领域。
与现有技术相比，本发明有益效果如下：
本发明通过将自主合成的含有酸源、气源和碳源的含磷三嗪低聚物，作为复合阻燃剂，与现有阻燃剂进行复配，然后分别加入到第一纺粘无纺布层和第二熔喷无纺布层中，再经复合工艺、静电涂覆工艺制备得到聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，其具有优异的透气性、阻燃效果和防水性能，且断裂强度大，纵向和横向方向均不易扯断的优点，从而使其使用领域得以拓宽。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
实施例1
(1)将熔融指数在38g/10min的聚丙烯A、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵按照97：2:1的重量比混合按照聚丙烯纺粘法非织造工艺生产克重为13g/m2的纺粘无纺布S1；(2)将熔融指数为1000g/10min的等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇的原料按照97：1：2混合，按照聚丙烯的熔喷法生产工艺生产出9g/m2的熔喷无纺布M；(3)将聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维按照重量比为9:91混合，通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得纺粘无纺布S2；(4)将S1、M、S2按照此顺序进行复合，复合方式为热轧，生产出32g/㎡的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布；(5)将复合好的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布通过涂覆抗静电剂，然后烘干，生产出克重为37.9g/m2的阻燃、抗静电、防水、环保的聚丙烯SMS无纺布；
其中，复合阻燃剂的制备步骤为将2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪溶解于有机溶剂中，边搅拌边加入顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯，室温下搅拌反应4h，反应结束后将有机溶剂旋蒸出来，剩余的油状物用正己烷和乙醚的体积比为1：5的混合溶剂处理后，过滤得到物质Ⅲ；将物质Ⅲ、季戊四醇、二丁基氧化锡和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀，升温至170℃，保持反应20h，并不断蒸出生成的乙醇，待反应完毕后，除去溶剂，得到同时含有酸源、气源和碳源的数均分子量为2100的含磷三嗪低聚物，作为复合阻燃剂，其中，2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯与季戊四醇的摩尔比为1:5:1.8。
实施例2
(1)将熔融指数在36g/10min的聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵按照95：3:2的重量比混合按照聚丙烯纺粘法非织造工艺生产克重为13g/m2的纺粘无纺布S1；(2)将熔融指数为1100g/10min的等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇的原料按照98：1：1混合，按照聚丙烯的熔喷法生产工艺生产出9g/m2的熔喷无纺布M；(3)将聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维按照重量比为5:95混合，通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得纺粘无纺布S2；(4)将S1、M、S2按照此顺序进行复合，复合方式为热轧，生产出33g/㎡的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布；(5)将复合好的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布通过涂覆抗静电剂，然后烘干，生产出克重为37.7g/m2的阻燃、抗静电、防水、环保的聚丙烯SMS无纺布；
其中，复合阻燃剂的制备同实施例1。
实施例3
(1)将熔融指数在40g/10min的聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵按照98：1:1的重量比混合按照聚丙烯纺粘法非织造工艺生产克重为13g/m2的纺粘无纺布S1；(2)将熔融指数为1200g/10min的等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇的原料按照94：2：4混合，按照聚丙烯的熔喷法生产工艺生产出10g/m2的熔喷无纺布M；(3)将聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维按照重量比为3:97混合，通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得纺粘无纺布S2；(4)将S1、M、S2按照此顺序进行复合，复合方式为热轧，生产出31g/㎡的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布；(5)将复合好的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布通过涂覆抗静电剂，然后烘干，生产出克重为38.2g/m2的阻燃、抗静电、防水、环保的聚丙烯SMS无纺布；
其中，复合阻燃剂的制备同实施例1。
实施例4
除了复合阻燃剂的制备不同之外，其他步骤同实施例1；
复合阻燃剂的制备步骤为将2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪溶解于有机溶剂中，边搅拌边加入顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯，室温下搅拌反应6h，反应结束后将有机溶剂旋蒸出来，剩余的油状物用正己烷和乙醚的体积比为1：4的混合溶剂处理后，过滤得到物质Ⅲ；将物质Ⅲ、季戊四醇、二丁基氧化锡和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀，升温至160℃，保持反应19h，并不断蒸出生成的乙醇，待反应完毕后，除去溶剂，得到同时含有酸源、气源和碳源的数均分子量约为3600的含磷三嗪低聚物，作为复合阻燃剂,其中，2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯与季戊四醇的摩尔比为1.5:4:2.0。
实施例5
除了复合阻燃剂的制备不同之外，其他步骤同实施例1；
复合阻燃剂的制备步骤为将2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪溶解于有机溶剂中，边搅拌边加入6-苄基八氢吡咯并[3,4-b]吡啶，室温下搅拌反应4-6h，反应结束后将有机溶剂旋蒸出来，剩余的油状物用正己烷和乙醚的体积比为1：3的混合溶剂处理后，过滤得到物质Ⅲ；将物质Ⅲ、季戊四醇、二丁基氧化锡和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀，升温至150℃，保持反应20h，并不断蒸出生成的乙醇，待反应完毕后，除去溶剂，得到同时含有酸源、气源和碳源的数均分子量约为4200的含磷三嗪低聚物，作为复合阻燃剂,其中，2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、6-苄基八氢吡咯并[3,4-b]吡啶与季戊四醇的摩尔比为1.2:3:1.2。
实施例6
除了复合阻燃剂的制备不同之外，其他步骤同实施例1；
复合阻燃剂的制备步骤为将2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪溶解于有机溶剂中，边搅拌边加入1-Boc-八氢吡咯并[3,4-b]吡啶，室温下搅拌反应5h，反应结束后将有机溶剂旋蒸出来，剩余的油状物用正己烷和乙醚的体积比为1：5的混合溶剂处理后，过滤得到物质Ⅲ；将物质Ⅲ、季戊四醇、二丁基氧化锡和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀，升温至170℃，保持反应18h，并不断蒸出生成的乙醇，待反应完毕后，除去溶剂，得到同时含有酸源、气源和碳源的数均分子量约为4800的含磷三嗪低聚物，作为复合阻燃剂,其中，2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、1-Boc-八氢吡咯并[3,4-b]吡啶与季戊四醇的摩尔比为1.5:5:1.5。
对比例1
除了不使用复合阻燃剂，其他同实施例1.
对比例2
市售聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布。
将上述实施例1-6和对比例1-2得到的复合无纺布进行透气性、阻燃、防水以及断裂强度性能检测，检测结果详见表1。
表1
Figure BDA0002528323690000091
Figure BDA0002528323690000101
从表1中结果可知，本发明实施例1～5制得的SMS无纺布其火焰蔓延速率纵向可达到39mm/min，横向达到41mm/min，表面沾水性能达到2级，具有优异的透气性、阻燃效果和防水性能，且断裂强度大，纵向和横向方向均不易扯断的优点，从而可以拓宽其使用领域范围。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，包括第一纺粘无纺布层、第二熔喷无纺布层以及第三纺粘无纺布层，顺序复合，其特在于，
所述第一纺粘无纺布层，由包括熔融指数为36-40g/10min的聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵的原料混合，再通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；
所述第二熔喷无纺布层，由包括熔融指数为1000-1200g/10min的等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇的原料混合，再通过熔喷法生产工艺制得；
所述第三纺粘无纺布层，由聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维混合通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；
其中，所述复合阻燃剂为含磷三嗪低聚物，通过将原料化合物(1)2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、化合物(2)顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯以及化合物(4)季戊四醇经以下反应过程得到：
Figure FDA0002528323680000021
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述第一纺粘无纺布层中，聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵的重量比为(95-98)：(1-2)：(1-3)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述第二熔喷无纺布层中，等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇的重量比为(94-98)：(1-2)：(1-4)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述第三纺粘无纺布层中，聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维的原料的重量比为(5-9)：(91-95)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，其特征在于，含磷三嗪低聚物的数均分子量为2000-5000。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述复合阻燃剂的制备，包括以下步骤：将2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪溶解于有机溶剂中，边搅拌边加入顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯，室温下搅拌反应4-6h，反应结束后将有机溶剂旋蒸出来，剩余的油状物用正己烷和乙醚的体积比为1：(3-5)的混合溶剂处理后，过滤得到物质Ⅲ；将物质Ⅲ、季戊四醇、二丁基氧化锡和N，N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀，升温至150-170℃，保持反应18-20h，并不断蒸出生成的乙醇，待反应完毕后，除去溶剂，得到同时含有酸源、气源和碳源的含磷三嗪低聚物，作为复合阻燃剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述2,4,6-三磷酸二乙酯基-1,3,5-三嗪、顺式-2-Boc-六氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯与季戊四醇的摩尔比为(1-1.5)：(3-5)：(1.2-2.0)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布，其特征在于，所述化合物(2)用6-苄基八氢吡咯并[3,4-b]吡啶替换，得到的含磷三嗪低聚物的化学结构式为
Figure FDA0002528323680000031
或者用1-Boc-八氢吡咯并[3,4-b]吡啶替换，得到的含磷三嗪低聚物的化学结构式为
Figure FDA0002528323680000032
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的阻燃、防水的聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、第一纺粘无纺布层：由原料聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及聚磷酸铵按重量比进行混合，再通过常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；
S2、第二熔喷无纺布层的制备：由原料等规聚丙烯、复合阻燃剂以及季戊四醇按重量比进行混合，再通过熔喷法生产工艺制得；
S3、第三纺粘无纺布层的制备：由聚氨酯与丙纶竹炭纤维混纺按重量比常规纺粘法工艺生产制得；
S4、复合：将第一纺粘无纺布层、第二熔喷无纺布层、第三纺粘无纺布层依顺序进行复合；
S5、后处理：用静电剂剂通过涂覆方法对聚丙烯SMS复合无纺布进行处理，然后烘干。
10.一种根据权利要求1-9任一项所述阻燃、防水SMS复合无纺布的应用，其特征在于，应用于医疗卫生领域。
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