CN106811956B - 一种阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于纺织产品制造技术领域,涉及一种阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的制备方法,先将抗滴落剂溶液和阻燃剂震荡分散后加入到助剂溶液中充分搅拌得到混合溶液,再将混合溶液置于浸轧机浸液槽中,各类织物在室温条件下通过二浸二轧工序,将混合溶液浸轧到织物上得到浸轧后的各类织物;最后将浸轧后的各类织物置于烘箱中进行烘干,制得阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物;其生产工艺简单,易于操作,且产量高,成本低,制备的阻燃防熔滴涂层织物洗涤前后的损毁长度≤150mm,续燃时间≤5s,无阴燃,无熔融滴落,具有优异的阻燃、抗熔滴功能,可用于阻燃防护用领域。
Description
技术领域:
本发明属于纺织产品制造技术领域,涉及一种防护功能的纺织织物加工技术,特别是一种阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的制备方法。
背景技术:
据柯克火灾调查,住宅火灾中有10%因纺织品首先被点燃而蔓延成灾,造成的死亡人数占火灾死亡人数的34%;军警、消防、电焊、冶金、电力等可能接触高温火焰的作业人员需要有阻燃服装实施职业防护。但目前国内外尚缺乏兼具高强、舒适、安全特性,且加工性好、阻燃性持久、成本较低的阻燃纤维。虽然国内外研发的阻燃纤维品种不下百种,但综合性能欠佳,不同程度存在着强度低、染色困难、燃烧时烟气有毒、价格偏高等问题。
相比之下,阻燃聚酯、聚酰胺纤维的价格比较低廉、综合性能比较好,唯一存在的一个重大缺陷就是熔滴问题,这些热塑性高分子材料虽然可进行阻燃化加工,但接触高温后产生的熔融滴落物易引燃其他材料、加速火焰传播,如熔融物粘着在皮肤上,会使皮肤烫伤;而去除已凝固的聚合物时极易增加对皮肤的损伤程度。因此,熔纺阻燃合成纤维的遇热熔滴问题成为限制其在服用阻燃纺织品领域使用的主要问题,如能解决阻燃聚酯、阻燃聚酰胺等熔纺阻燃纤维或阻燃织物的熔滴问题,将对社会有重大贡献。
石墨烯是从石墨中剥离出来的单层石墨片,具有二维蜂窝状结构,碳原子以sp2杂化轨道的形式相结合,具有独特的二维碳原子结构,因此可以作为阻燃剂来改善聚合物的阻燃性能。氧化石墨烯(GO)是石墨烯重要的衍生物,它的表面有大量的羧基、羟基、环氧基等含氧的官能团,这些官能团赋予了氧化石墨烯许多特性如良好的分散性、亲水性以及与一些聚合物的兼容性等,这可以赋予材料更多的化学反应性能,也可通过交联使相邻层形成网络结构提高单片层间的相互作用力,从而改善材料的物理性能。随着石墨烯和氧化石墨烯在材料改性方面的发展,其在阻燃抑烟方面的应用也开始增多。
发明内容:
本发明为解决现有技术存在的问题,提供一种阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的制备方法,工艺简单,易于操作,且产量较高,制备的纺织织物具有优异的阻燃、防熔滴功能。
为了实现上述目的,本发明包括混合、浸轧和干燥三个工序,具体过程为:
(1)、混合:将抗滴落剂溶液和阻燃剂震荡分散后加入到助剂溶液中充分搅拌得到混合溶液,其中抗滴落剂溶液的重量百分含量为20%~50%,助剂溶液的重量百分含量为50~40%,阻燃剂的重量百分含量为30%-10%;
(2)、浸轧:将步骤(1)得到的混合溶液置于浸轧机浸液槽中,各类织物在室温条件下通过二浸二轧工序,将混合溶液浸轧到织物上得到浸轧后的各类织物;其中各类织物的轧余率为60%~80%;
(3)干燥:将浸轧的各类织物置于烘箱中在75~95℃温度下进行烘干,干燥时间为5~30分钟,制得阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物。
本发明所述抗滴落剂溶液为重量百分比浓度为0.5%~5%的石墨烯溶液或氧化石墨烯溶液。
本发明所述阻燃剂为氮系阻燃剂三聚氰胺、三聚氰胺磷酸盐或三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐。
本发明所述助剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂或聚氨酯。
本发明制备的阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的损毁长度≤150mm,续燃时间≤5s,无阴燃,无熔融滴落。
本发明所述的各类织物包括聚酯织物、聚酰胺织物和聚丙烯织物,其中聚酯织物包括苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)和聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)纯纺或混纺织物;聚酰胺织物包括聚己内酰胺(PA6)、聚己二酰己二胺(PA66)纯纺或混纺织物;聚丙烯织物包括聚丙烯(PP)纯纺或混纺织物。
本发明与现有技术相比,其生产工艺简单,易于操作,且产量高,成本低,制备的阻燃防熔滴涂层织物洗涤前后的损毁长度≤150mm,续燃时间≤5s,无阴燃,无熔融滴落,按照标准GB17591-2006《阻燃织物》,已达到阻燃防护用织物B1级,具有优异的阻燃、抗熔滴功能,可用于阻燃防护用领域。
具体实施方式:
下面通过实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
本实施例包括混合、浸轧和干燥三个工序,具体过程为:
(1)、混合:将抗滴落剂溶液和阻燃剂震荡分散后加入到助剂溶液中充分搅拌得到混合溶液,其中抗滴落剂溶液的重量百分含量为20%~50%,助剂溶液的重量百分含量为50~40%,阻燃剂的重量百分含量为30%-10%;
(2)、浸轧:将步骤(1)得到的混合溶液置于浸轧机浸液槽中,各类织物在室温条件下通过二浸二轧工序,将混合溶液浸轧到织物上得到浸轧后的各类织物;其中各类织物的轧余率为60%~80%;
(3)干燥:将浸轧的各类织物置于烘箱中在75~95℃温度下进行烘干,干燥时间为5~30分钟,制得阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物。
实施例1:
本实施例制备阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的具体过程包括如下工序:
(1)混合工序:将三聚氰胺粉末和石墨烯溶液震荡分散后加入到硅烷偶联剂溶液中,充分搅拌得到混合溶液,其中各原料的重量百分比为:石墨烯溶液20%,硅烷偶联剂溶液50%,三聚氰胺粉末30%;石墨烯溶液中石墨烯固含量为0.5%;
(2)浸轧工序:将上述混合溶液置于浸轧机浸液槽中,纯PET织物作为基布在室温条件下通过二浸二轧工序,将石墨烯混合溶液浸轧到纯PET织物上;其中,纯PET织物的轧余率为80%。
(3)高温固着工序:将浸轧石墨烯溶液的纯PET织物置于高温烘箱中进行烘干,其中高温烘箱温度为90℃,高温固着时间为5分钟,制备得到阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物。
本实施例将未经涂层处理的纯PET织物和制备得到的阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物进行测试对比,经测试,未经涂层处理的纯PET织物的损毁长度为170mm,续燃时间为10s,熔融滴落严重;本实施例1所制得的阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的损毁长度为60mm,续燃时间为3.5s,无阴燃,无熔融滴落,水洗20次后仍可达到B1级阻燃标准。
实施例2:
本实施例制备阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的具体过程包括如下工序:
(1)混合工序:将三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐粉末和氧化石墨烯溶液震荡分散后加入到硅烷偶联剂溶液中,充分搅拌得到混合溶液,其中原料的重量百分比为:氧化石墨烯溶液50%,硅烷偶联剂溶液40%,三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐10%,氧化石墨烯溶液中氧化石墨烯固含量为5%;
(2)浸轧工序:将上述溶液置于浸轧机浸液槽中,纯PET织物作为基布在室温条件下通过二浸二轧工序,将氧化石墨烯混合溶液浸轧到纯PET织物上;其中,纯PET织物的轧余率为60%。;
(3)高温固着工序:将浸轧氧化石墨烯溶液的纯PET织物置于高温烘箱中进行烘干,其中高温烘箱温度为90℃,高温固着时间为5分钟,制备得到阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物。
本实施例将未经涂层处理的纯涤织物和本实施例制备的阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物进行对比测试,经测试,未经涂层处理纯涤织物的损毁长度170mm,续燃时间10s,熔融滴落严重。本实施例2所制得的阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的损毁长度40mm,续燃时间3.3s,无阴燃,无熔融滴落,水洗20次后仍可达到B1级阻燃标准。
Claims (1)
1.一种阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的制备方法,其特征在于包括混合、浸轧和干燥三个工序,具体过程为:
(1)混合工序:将三聚氰胺粉末和石墨烯溶液震荡分散后加入到硅烷偶联剂溶液中,充分搅拌得到混合溶液,其中各原料的重量百分比为:石墨烯溶液20%,硅烷偶联剂溶液50%,三聚氰胺粉末30%;石墨烯溶液中石墨烯固含量为0.5%;
(2)浸轧工序:将上述混合溶液置于浸轧机浸液槽中,纯PET织物作为基布在室温条件下通过二浸二轧工序,将石墨烯混合溶液浸轧到纯PET织物上;其中,纯PET织物的轧余率为80%;
(3)高温固着工序:将浸轧石墨烯溶液的纯PET织物置于高温烘箱中进行烘干,其中高温烘箱温度为90℃,高温固着时间为5分钟,制备得到阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物;所制得的阻燃防熔滴涂层纺织织物的损毁长度为60mm,续燃时间为3.5s,无阴燃,无熔融滴落,水洗20次后仍可达到B1级阻燃标准。
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CN105178011A (zh) * | 2015-10-21 | 2015-12-23 | 东华大学 | 一种高强涤纶的抗熔滴阻燃整理方法 |
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CN103923348A (zh) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-07-16 | 合肥杰事杰新材料股份有限公司 | 一种石墨烯作为组合物阻燃抗滴落剂的用途 |
CN105178011A (zh) * | 2015-10-21 | 2015-12-23 | 东华大学 | 一种高强涤纶的抗熔滴阻燃整理方法 |
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