CN111662143A - Fertilizer special for astragalus membranaceus and fertilizing method for improving yield of astragalus membranaceus - Google Patents
Fertilizer special for astragalus membranaceus and fertilizing method for improving yield of astragalus membranaceus Download PDFInfo
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- CN111662143A CN111662143A CN202010711375.4A CN202010711375A CN111662143A CN 111662143 A CN111662143 A CN 111662143A CN 202010711375 A CN202010711375 A CN 202010711375A CN 111662143 A CN111662143 A CN 111662143A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a special fertilizer for astragalus, which comprises an organic fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer; the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the chemical fertilizer is (80-90): (6-7); the organic fertilizer comprises green beans and grass P1; the mass ratio of the green beans to the grass P1 is (0.5-1.5): (0.5 to 1.5); the green beans are obtained by compounding bean pulp and trichoderma viride; the mass ratio of the soybean meal to the trichoderma viride powder is (80-150): 1; the grass P1 is obtained by compounding phosphorus-dissolving bacteria P1 bacteria liquid in logarithmic growth phase with turfy soil. Compared with the prior art, the invention is based on the fertilization technology of the combined action of the organic fertilizer and the calcium fertilizer, activates soil, improves structure and fertilizes soil fertility through the organic fertilizer, and combines the application of chemical fertilizer and the timely supplement of soil nutrients to improve the content of organic matters and calcium in the soil and improve the yield and the content of active ingredients of the astragalus; meanwhile, the special fertilizer for astragalus is used as a disposable base fertilizer, and scientific fertilization and management are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant planting, and particularly relates to a special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus and a fertilizing method for improving the yield of astragalus membranaceus.
Background
The radix astragali is dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Hsiao) of Leguminosae family or Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Mongolian astragalus is sweet in taste and slightly warm in nature, contains saponin, sucrose, polysaccharide, various amino acids, folic acid and various trace elements such as selenium, zinc, copper and the like, and modern researches show that astragalus has the effects of enhancing the immune function of the organism, protecting the liver, promoting urination, resisting aging, resisting stress, reducing blood pressure and having a wider antibacterial effect. The main production area of astragalus membranaceus has a large number of Mongolian astragalus membranaceus medicinal material exports in hongkong, Korea, Japan, southeast Asia and other countries and regions every year, and in addition, in recent years, products developed by the astragalus membranaceus are more and more, wild resources are excessively mined, so that the wild resources of the astragalus membranaceus are sharply reduced, meanwhile, due to the poor self-reproduction capability of the astragalus membranaceus, natural recovery is difficult after the wild resources are damaged, and the market demands cannot be met by completely depending on the wild resources. Therefore, the astragalus membranaceus is introduced in various main producing areas and forms a certain cultivation scale.
However, the content of the effective components in astragalus membranaceus is influenced by internal factors such as self heredity and external factors such as climate, soil, temperature, humidity and the like, and the soil condition is often the first factor determining the growth of crops. At present, the astragalus planting land is generally in sandy land or semi-fixed dunes, dry old river beds, low lands of lakes and basins, desert and semi-desert regions, and the soil has poor structure, low organic matter content and poor fertility preserving capability, so that the astragalus is low in yield and uneven in pesticide effect capability.
At present, the management of the existing fertilizer of farmers is still based on the traditional experience, the fertilizer application only considers the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, animal manure can be applied slightly better, but the harm caused by the excessive content of heavy metals in the animal manure is not considered, the positive influence of organic fertilizers on the utilization rate of soil nutrients is not considered, the positive effect of calcium fertilizers on active substances of astragalus membranaceus is not known, organic fertilizers and calcium fertilizers are not input in the fertilizing process, the effects of the organic fertilizers and the calcium fertilizers are not considered, the transitional input of chemical fertilizers is caused, on one hand, the utilization rate of the fertilizers is low, a large amount of nutrients are lost, the environmental pollution is caused, on the other hand, the excessive fertilizer input also greatly increases the planting cost of the farmers, and the planting benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus and a fertilizing method for increasing the yield of astragalus membranaceus.
The invention provides a special fertilizer for astragalus, which comprises an organic fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer;
the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the chemical fertilizer is (80-90): (6-7);
the organic fertilizer comprises green beans and grass P1; the mass ratio of the green beans to the grass P1 is (0.5-1.5): (0.5 to 1.5);
the green beans are obtained by compounding bean pulp and trichoderma viride; the mass ratio of the soybean meal to the trichoderma viride powder is (80-150): 1;
the grass P1 is obtained by compounding phosphorus-dissolving bacteria P1 in logarithmic growth phase with turfy soil; the volume mass ratio of the P1 bacterial liquid in the logarithmic growth phase to the turfy soil is (300-800) ml: 1 kg;
the fertilizer comprises a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a nitrogen fertilizer; the mass ratio of the potassium fertilizer to the calcium fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer is (1.2-2.3): (0.5-1.5): (2.2-3.2).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the green beans to the grass P1 is 1: 1.
preferably, the mass ratio of the soybean meal to the trichoderma viride powder is 100: 1.
preferably, the volume mass ratio of the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria P1 bacterial liquid in the logarithmic growth phase to the turfy soil is 500 ml: 1 kg.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the potassium fertilizer to the calcium fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer is 1.75: 1: 2.7.
preferably, the potassium fertilizer is selected from potassium sulfate; the calcium fertilizer is selected from calcium sulfate; the nitrogen fertilizer is selected from urea.
The invention also provides a fertilizing method for improving the yield of astragalus, which comprises the following steps:
ridging a field, applying base fertilizer in strips, planting astragalus membranaceus seedlings by a ridge-on-furrow flat planting method, and then covering a film; the base fertilizer is the special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.
Preferably, the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 80-90 kg per mu; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6-7 kg per mu.
Preferably, the mulching film used for covering the film is a strong film with the width of 70cm and the thickness of 0.007 mm.
The invention also provides application of the special astragalus fertilizer as a mongolian astragalus base fertilizer.
The invention provides a special fertilizer for astragalus, which comprises an organic fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer; the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the chemical fertilizer is (80-90): (6-7); the organic fertilizer comprises green beans and grass P1; the mass ratio of the green beans to the grass P1 is (0.5-1.5): (0.5 to 1.5); the green beans are obtained by compounding bean pulp and trichoderma viride; the mass ratio of the soybean meal to the trichoderma viride powder is (80-150): 1; the grass P1 is obtained by compounding phosphorus-dissolving bacteria P1 in logarithmic growth phase with turfy soil; the volume mass ratio of the P1 bacterial liquid in the logarithmic growth phase to the turfy soil is (300-800) ml: 1 kg; the fertilizer comprises a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a nitrogen fertilizer; the mass ratio of the potassium fertilizer to the calcium fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer is (1.2-2.3): (0.5-1.5): (2.2-3.2). Compared with the prior art, the invention is based on the fertilization technology of the combined action of the organic fertilizer and the calcium fertilizer, activates soil, improves structure and fertility, and combines the application of chemical fertilizer and the timely supplement of soil nutrients to improve the content of organic matters and calcium in the soil, thereby not only improving the yield and the content of active ingredients of the astragalus, but also reducing the possibility of excessive heavy metal of the astragalus, and having remarkable social and economic benefits; meanwhile, the special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus provided by the invention is used as a disposable base fertilizer, so that the time and the labor are saved, scientific fertilization and management are realized, the fertilizer waste is reduced, the environment is protected, the cost is reduced, and the benefit is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a special fertilizer for astragalus, which comprises an organic fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer; the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the chemical fertilizer is (80-90): (6-7), more preferably (80-85): (6-7), more preferably (82-83): (6-7), most preferably 82.5: 6.5; the organic fertilizer comprises green beans and grass P1; the mass ratio of the green beans to the grass P1 is (0.5-1.5): (0.5 to 1.5); the green beans are obtained by compounding bean pulp and trichoderma viride; the mass ratio of the soybean meal to the trichoderma viride powder is (80-150): 1; the grass P1 is obtained by compounding P1 bacterial liquid in logarithmic growth phase with turfy soil; the volume mass ratio of the P1 bacterial liquid in the logarithmic growth phase to the turfy soil is (300-800) ml: 1 kg; the fertilizer comprises a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a nitrogen fertilizer; the mass ratio of the potassium fertilizer to the calcium fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer is (1.2-2.3): (0.5-1.5): (2.2-3.2).
The sources of all raw materials are not particularly limited in the invention, and the raw materials can be either commercially available or self-made.
The special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus provided by the invention has a positive effect on the specificity of astragalus mongholicus based on the organic fertilizer and the calcium fertilizer, and the proportion of the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer is optimized and integrated so as to improve the yield and the active ingredient content of astragalus mongholicus.
The organic fertilizer comprises green beans and grass P1; the mass ratio of the green beans to the grass P1 is preferably (0.8-1.2): (0.8 to 1.2), more preferably (0.9 to 1.1): (0.9 to 1.1), and preferably 1: 1.
the green bean is obtained by compounding bean pulp and trichoderma viride by taking trichoderma viride as a strain and bean pulp as a matrix; the effective viable bacteria of the trichoderma viride powder is preferably equal to or more than 15 hundred million, more preferably equal to or more than 18 hundred million, and still more preferably equal to or more than 20 hundred million; the trichoderma viride powder is preferably trichoderma viride powder of gull biotechnology limited of Beijing mu; the mass ratio of the soybean meal to the trichoderma viride powder is preferably (90-140): 1, and preferably (90-130): 1, and preferably (90-120): 1, and preferably (90-110): 1, most preferably 100: 1.
the grass P1 is obtained by compounding phosphorus-dissolving bacteria P1 in logarithmic growth phase with turfy soil; the phosphorus-dissolving bacterium P1 bacterial liquid in logarithmic growth phase isUsing phosphorus-dissolving bacteria P1 as strains, activating, selecting single colony, inoculating in NA culture medium, and reciprocating shaking table at 30 deg.C for 170 r.min-1Culturing to logarithmic phase; the concentration of the phosphorus-dissolving bacterium P1 bacterial liquid in the logarithmic growth phase is preferably about 106CFU/ml; the volume mass ratio of the P1 bacterial liquid in the logarithmic growth phase to the turfy soil is preferably (300-700) ml: 1kg, more preferably (400-600) ml: 1kg, more preferably (450 to 550) ml: 1kg, most preferably 500 ml: 1 kg.
The fertilizer comprises a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a nitrogen fertilizer; the potassium fertilizer is preferably potassium sulfate; the calcium fertilizer is preferably calcium sulfate; the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably urea; the mass ratio of the potassium fertilizer to the calcium fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer is preferably (1.4-2.1): (0.7-1.4): (2.4-3.0), more preferably (1.6-1.9): (0.8-1.2): (2.4-2.7), preferably (1.6-1.8): (0.9-1.1): (2.4-2.7), most preferably 1.75: 1: 2.7.
according to the invention, based on the fertilization technology of combined action of the organic fertilizer and the calcium fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is used for activating soil, improving the structure and fertilizing soil fertility, and the application of the chemical fertilizer and the timely supplement of soil nutrients are combined to improve the organic matter and calcium content of the soil, so that the yield and the active ingredient content of the astragalus are improved, the possibility of exceeding the standard of heavy metals of the astragalus is reduced, and the social and economic benefits are obvious; meanwhile, the special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus provided by the invention is used as a disposable base fertilizer, so that the time and the labor are saved, scientific fertilization and management are realized, the fertilizer waste is reduced, the environment is protected, the cost is reduced, and the benefit is improved.
The invention also provides application of the special astragalus fertilizer as a mongolian astragalus base fertilizer.
The invention also provides a fertilizing method for improving the yield of astragalus, which comprises the following steps: ridging a field, applying base fertilizer in strips, planting astragalus membranaceus seedlings by a ridge-on-furrow flat planting method, and then covering a film; the base fertilizer is the special fertilizer for astragalus.
In the invention, the base fertilizer comprises organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer; the types of the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are the same as those described above, and are not described again; the application amount of the organic fertilizer is preferably 80-90 kg per mu, more preferably 80-85 kg, still more preferably 82-83 kg, and most preferably 82.5 kg; the application amount of the fertilizer is preferably 6-7 kg per mu, and more preferably 6.5kg per mu.
Planting astragalus seedlings by a flat planting method on ridges; the astragalus membranaceus seedling is preferably an astragalus mongholicus seedling.
After planting, covering a film; the mulching film used for the film covering is preferably a strong film with the width of 70cm and the thickness of 0.007 mm.
The invention constructs a Mongolian astragalus root fertilizing technology based on the combined action of the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer, realizes double improvement of the yield and the active ingredient content of Mongolian astragalus root, reduces the phenomenon that various heavy metals are enriched in Mongolian astragalus root, and improves the quality of Mongolian astragalus root on the whole.
In order to further explain the present invention, the following will describe in detail a fertilizer special for astragalus and a fertilizing method for increasing the yield of astragalus provided by the present invention with reference to the examples.
The reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available.
In the embodiment, the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria P1 is obtained by separation according to the document "screening and identification of a ginseng root region phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and influence on ginseng growth" (Chinese soil and fertilizer 2017(6), 163-: ACCC 60363.
Example 1
The specific implementation contents of the comparative planting mode and the fertilization technical mode based on the special fertilizer for astragalus are compared:
(1) a field area of 400 square meters was divided into 2 portions of 200 square meters each.
(2) The organic fertilizer applied to the test plots of the invention is prepared from the following raw materials: the application amount of the grass P1 is 1:1, the application amount is 82.5kg per mu, and the fertilizer is prepared from potassium sulfate: calcium sulfate: urea 1.75: 1: 2.7, the application amount is 6.5kg per mu, and the control plot is not applied with fertilizer. Specific management methods, for example, moisture management: timely watering the astragalus mongholicus in the green turning period until the permeation reaches below 30cm, and thoroughly watering. After green turning, the water is not watered generally when meeting drought, and the water is drained in rainy season; and (3) tillage: deeply ploughing 30-45 cm, paying attention to soil moisture conservation, finely raking, leveling and ridging; and (3) pest control: the invention tests intertillage weeding after emergence of seedlings, almost no plant diseases and insect pests occur, and therefore, no pesticide is sprayed; the astragalus mongholicus is planted in the 2 divided field blocks in a comparison planting mode and a fertilization technology mode (the invention) based on the special fertilizer for the astragalus mongholicus respectively, and the fertilization conditions are compared and shown in table 1.
The preparation method of the green bean comprises the following steps: trichoderma viride powder of Beijing mu gull biotechnology limited is used as a strain (20 hundred million of Trichoderma viride), bean pulp is used as a matrix, and 10g of the strain powder/1 kg of the bean pulp are compounded to form the organic fertilizer bean green.
The preparation method of the grass P1 comprises the following steps: phosphorus-dissolving bacteria P1 (accession number: ACCC 60363) as strain, turfy soil as matrix, inoculating the strain in NA culture medium, and reciprocating shaking at 30 deg.C for 170r min-1Culturing to logarithmic growth phase (preferably about 10 strain concentration)6CFU/ml), and compounding according to 500ml of bacterial liquid/1 kg of turfy soil to form the grass P1.
Example 2
The specific implementation contents of the comparative planting mode and the fertilization technical mode based on the special fertilizer for astragalus are compared:
(1) a field area of 400 square meters was divided into 2 portions of 200 square meters each.
(2) The organic fertilizer applied to the test plots of the invention is prepared from the following raw materials: grass P1 is 0.8:1, the application amount is 82.5kg per mu, and the fertilizer is potassium sulfate: calcium sulfate: urea 1.6: 0.9: 2.4, the application amount is 6.5kg per mu, and the control plot is not applied with fertilizer. Specific management methods, for example, moisture management: timely watering the astragalus mongholicus in the green turning period until the permeation reaches below 30cm, and thoroughly watering. After green turning, the water is not watered generally when meeting drought, and the water is drained in rainy season; and (3) tillage: deeply ploughing 30-45 cm, paying attention to soil moisture conservation, finely raking, leveling and ridging; and (3) pest control: the invention tests intertillage weeding after emergence of seedlings, almost no plant diseases and insect pests occur, and therefore, no pesticide is sprayed; the astragalus mongholicus is planted in the 2 divided field blocks in a comparison planting mode and a fertilization technology mode (the invention) based on the special fertilizer for the astragalus mongholicus respectively, and the fertilization conditions are compared and shown in table 1.
Example 3
The specific implementation contents of the comparative planting mode and the fertilization technical mode based on the special fertilizer for astragalus are compared:
(1) a field area of 400 square meters was divided into 2 portions of 200 square meters each.
(2) The organic fertilizer applied to the test plots of the invention is prepared from the following raw materials: the application amount of the grass P1 is 1.2:1, the application amount is 82.5kg per mu, and the fertilizer is prepared from potassium sulfate: calcium sulfate: urea 1.8: 1.1: 2.5, the application amount is 6.5kg per mu, and the control plot is not applied with fertilizer. Specific management methods, for example, moisture management: timely watering the astragalus mongholicus in the green turning period until the permeation reaches below 30cm, and thoroughly watering. After green turning, the water is not watered generally when meeting drought, and the water is drained in rainy season; and (3) tillage: deeply ploughing 30-45 cm, paying attention to soil moisture conservation, finely raking, leveling and ridging; and (3) pest control: the invention tests intertillage weeding after emergence of seedlings, almost no plant diseases and insect pests occur, and therefore, no pesticide is sprayed; the astragalus mongholicus is planted in the 2 divided field blocks in a comparison planting mode and a fertilization technology mode (the invention) based on the special fertilizer for the astragalus mongholicus respectively, and the fertilization conditions are compared and shown in table 1.
Table 1 shows the specific implementation of the planting mode and the fertilization technical mode of the fertilizer special for astragalus membranaceus
Experiment one
Comparison of the effects of the above-described examples 1,2 and 3 was made in the same manner as in example 1,2 and 3.
And a fertilization technical model demonstration based on the special fertilizer for the astragalus mongholicus is carried out in the town of the city of Jilin, Jilin province, 5 months in 2019.
The demonstration field is located in the left town of Jilin city in Jilin province, geographic coordinates are 126 degrees 01 '38' to 126 degrees 11 '58' of east longitude, 44 degrees 00 '49' to 44 degrees 07 '49' of north latitude, and the demonstration field is located in the marginal zone affected by east Asia summer season wind, has obvious temperate zone season wind type continental climate characteristics, is often attacked by Siberian cold tide, has changeable weather and is clear in four seasons. In spring, the wind is strong and dry, warm and rainy in summer, cool and clear in autumn, and cold and long in winter. The average annual temperature is 5.6 ℃, the average monthly temperature is 22.1 ℃ at most and 18.2 ℃ at least; the maximum temperature of the extreme air is 36.9 ℃ and the minimum temperature is-37.2 ℃. The average growth accumulated temperature of many years is 2,779.8 ℃, the average precipitation of many years is 679mm, wherein the precipitation of many years is 591.4mm in 4-10 months, and accounts for more than 87% of the precipitation of many years. The average annual evaporation capacity is 1,200mm, the average annual freezing period is more than 5 months, and the frost-free period is about 120 days.
The implementation steps are as follows:
(1) the 400 square meter demonstration field is divided into two equal areas.
(2) One is managed according to a comparative planting mode, and the other is managed according to a fertilization technical mode based on the combined action of organic fertilizers and calcium fertilizers. Nutrient management of both plots was performed as per table 1.
(3) Ridging a field, applying base fertilizer in strips, covering soil, putting astragalus membranaceus seedlings, and covering soil.
(4) The radix astragali is Mongolian radix astragali of 1 year old.
The comparison of the nutrient content of the comparative planting mode and the fertilization mode of the invention is shown in table 2.
Table 2 comparison of implementation effects of astragalus mongholicus comparative planting mode and fertilization technical mode based on special fertilizer for astragalus mongholicus
Experiment two
Influence of the invention on the yield and the active ingredient content of Mongolian milkvetch root
Comparative experiment
Influence of implementation of comparative planting mode on yield and active ingredient content of Mongolian milkvetch root
In 11 months in 2019, the comparative planting mode and the fertilization mode are respectively sampled according to a five-point sampling method, yield measurement and index measurement are carried out, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 comparison of heavy metal content, active ingredients and yield for the comparison of the planting mode and the fertilization mode of the invention
As can be seen from Table 3, the heavy metals Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cr in the Astragalus plants are higher compared with the comparative planting mode and the technical mode of the present invention, which is sufficient to indicate that the fertilizer composition of the fertilization mode of the present invention has a low content of heavy metals. As is well known, farmers like to apply farmyard manure as an organic fertilizer, and the heavy metal content of the organic fertilizer is far beyond the standard, so that the enrichment of crops on the heavy metal content can be increased. The active ingredients of the astragalus root 4 including astragaloside IV, astragaloside I, astragaloside II and calycosin in the comparative planting mode are also obviously lower than the fertilizing mode of the invention, and the yield is also lower than the fertilizing mode of the invention. Compared with a comparative planting mode, the technical mode of the invention is beneficial to improving the quality of the Mongolian astragalus membranaceus, and particularly the fertilizer proportion of the embodiment 1 is optimal.
Claims (10)
1. A special fertilizer for astragalus is characterized by comprising an organic fertilizer and a chemical fertilizer;
the mass ratio of the organic fertilizer to the chemical fertilizer is (80-90): (6-7);
the organic fertilizer comprises green beans and grass P1; the mass ratio of the green beans to the grass P1 is (0.5-1.5): (0.5 to 1.5);
the green beans are obtained by compounding bean pulp and trichoderma viride; the mass ratio of the soybean meal to the trichoderma viride powder is (80-150): 1;
the grass P1 is obtained by compounding phosphorus-dissolving bacteria P1 in logarithmic growth phase with turfy soil; the volume mass ratio of the P1 bacterial liquid in the logarithmic growth phase to the turfy soil is (300-800) ml: 1 kg;
the fertilizer comprises a potassium fertilizer, a calcium fertilizer and a nitrogen fertilizer; the mass ratio of the potassium fertilizer to the calcium fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer is (1.5-2.5): (0.5-1.5): (2.2-3.2).
2. The fertilizer special for astragalus membranaceus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of green beans to grass P1 is 1: 1.
3. the special fertilizer for astragalus according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the soybean meal to the trichoderma viride powder is 100: 1.
4. the special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume-mass ratio of the phosphorus-solubilizing bacterium P1 bacterium liquid in logarithmic growth phase to peatmoss is 500 ml: 1 kg.
5. The special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the potassium fertilizer to the calcium fertilizer to the nitrogen fertilizer is 1.75: 1: 2.7.
6. the special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the potassium fertilizer is selected from potassium sulfate; the calcium fertilizer is selected from calcium sulfate; the nitrogen fertilizer is selected from urea.
7. A fertilizing method for improving the yield of astragalus membranaceus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
ridging a field, applying base fertilizer in strips, planting astragalus membranaceus seedlings by a ridge-on-furrow flat planting method, and then covering a film; the base fertilizer is the special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus as claimed in any one of claims 1-6.
8. The fertilization method according to claim 7, wherein the application amount of the organic fertilizer is 80-90 kg per mu; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6-7 kg per mu.
9. The fertilization method of claim 7, wherein the mulching film used for mulching is a strong film with the width of 70cm and the thickness of 0.007 mm.
10. The application of the special fertilizer for astragalus membranaceus as a Mongolian astragalus membranaceus base fertilizer in any one of claims 1 to 6.
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