CN107529530A - A kind of preparation method and applications of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and applications of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107529530A CN107529530A CN201710484467.1A CN201710484467A CN107529530A CN 107529530 A CN107529530 A CN 107529530A CN 201710484467 A CN201710484467 A CN 201710484467A CN 107529530 A CN107529530 A CN 107529530A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 241001061264 Astragalus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000005712 elicitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- BQMKAHQKDSZAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasodium;iron(3+);nitroxyl anion;pentacyanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].O=[N-] BQMKAHQKDSZAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 241001573366 Astragalus membranaceus Species 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- VGKONPUVOVVNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalen-1-yl acetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OC(=O)C)=CC=CC2=C1 VGKONPUVOVVNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-naphthalen-1-ylacetate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)OC)=CC=CC2=C1 YGGXZTQSGNFKPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical group O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MRXCOLWWZJKPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium diformate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O MRXCOLWWZJKPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940103091 potassium benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010235 potassium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004300 potassium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 10
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229940107666 astragalus root Drugs 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 23
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 10
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000002213 flavones Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 3
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- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001256 tonic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004317 Lyases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000856 Lyases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylalanine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 COLNVLDHVKWLRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation method and applications of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer, the preparation method of the astragalus cultivation special fertilizer comprises the following steps：S1, elicitor solution is prepared, SNP is configured to solution with distilled water, prepared by S2, green manure fermentation, S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution, be made bacterium solution after fixed nitrogen strain T16 and T21 are cultivated respectively, S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution is mixed with into solid fertilizer.The present invention by by the cauline leaf of the Radix Astragali after fermentation process, solid fertilizer is prepared by mixing into three kinds of elicitors and two kinds of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, after fertilizer treatment, polysaccharide accumulation amount is significantly increased in the tired amount of saponin(e, astragalus root in accumulation of flavonoids amount, astragalus root in Radix Astragali dry weight, astragalus root.And the special fertilizer of the present invention can improve soil nutrient content so that soil with organic matter, full N P and K, effective N-P-K content are improved, in addition, the Radix Astragali special fertilizer preparation method of the present invention is simple, cost of investment is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Radix Astragali technical field of cultivation, be specifically related to a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer preparation method and its
Using.
Background technology
The Radix Astragali, it is a kind of medicinal and edible plants, its medicinal history for having more than 2000 years so far.Rich in a variety of in Radix Astragali body
Bioactive ingredients, wherein most important, most study is flavones, saponin(e and polysaccharide.Tonic or build up one's health by taking tonic the Radix Astragali can cardiac stimulant, carry
High immunologic function, and there is the anti-ageing effect of waiting for a long time, it is widely used in angiocardiopathy.Shanxi Province's Radix Astragali formally turned into 2004
National genunie medicinal materials, foremost be the Radix Astragali for originating from Datong District Huiyuan.Huiyuan high-land, weather is nice and cool, sunshine is abundant, soil
Earth is loose and nutrient enriches, and ecological environment is unique, and these all provide good environment for growing for the Radix Astragali, therefore
Supply falls short of demand in medicinal material market for the Huiyuan Radix Astragali.But because its planting patterns falls behind, more supported by day, management is endless
It is kind, cause plantation and degenerate, effective component is unstable, and difference is big, yields poorly, and directly affects economic benefit.
The result of study of laboratory early stage shows the growth of the optimum Radix Astragali and active ingredient when soil moisture content is 60-65%
Accumulation；Flavonoid substances dynamic accumulation increases under gold-tinted, and the accumulation of saponins material is more under blue light, is more suitable under natural light more
The synthesis of glucide.These experiments are all to create a kind of growth adverse circumstance to the Radix Astragali, excite some signals in Radix Astragali body
Molecule, the secondary metabolism approach in Radix Astragali body is have stimulated, promote the synthesis and accumulation of main pharmacodynamics composition, but these adverse circumstances are pierced
Swash and be only suitable for using in small area, artificial growth, for large area is wild or semi-wild under the conditions of the Radix Astragali planted have it is very big
Limitation, therefore the substitute that our selections stimulate by the use of elicitor as these adverse circumstances because elicitor can also excite it is secondary
Signaling molecule in metabolic pathway, is served the same role.Perennial membranous milkvetch stem and leaf, which is made green manure and mixed with composite fertilizer, to be made
With the growth for having effectively facilitated corn；The nitrogen-fixing bacteria T16 and T21 being directly separated to from Radix Astragali rhizosphere have good fixed nitrogen effect
Fruit.
Based on above result of the test, the present inventor in advance integrates this several influence factor, makes Radix Astragali fertilizer, passes through
Change to Radix Astragali Yield and quality and soil nutrient under Different proportion of fertilizer is studied, and is filtered out and is ensured that its Yield and quality is double
The fertilizer optimal proportion of good harvest, laid the foundation to improve astragalus mongolicus standardization artificial cultivation technique system, there is provided rational section
Learn foundation.
The content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being that existing astragalus cultivation mode falls behind, imperfection is managed, plantation is caused and moves back
Change, effective component is unstable, and difference is big, yields poorly, and directly affects economic benefit, so as to provide a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer
Preparation method and applications.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of preparation method of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
S1, prepare elicitor solution：
Sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) is made into the solution for standby that concentration is 10-25mmol/L with distilled water；
S2, green manure fermentation：
1) fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf is taken, low temperature drying to water content is less than 30%, is crushed to 0.5-1cm sizes；
2) " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50-100 weight ratio, which is poured into 30-35 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly,
It is stand-by to form microbial inoculum；
3) microbial inoculum is mixed with the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing, the final water content control of mixture is existed
50-65%；
4) mixture is fermented, it is 36-40 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature, and fermentation time is 2-10 days；
It is prepared by S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution：
1) fixed nitrogen the strain T16 and T21 of preservation are inoculated in LB (luria-bertani) fluid nutrient medium respectively, in
28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 48h, treat that it fully grows, it is stand-by to obtain bacteria suspension；
2) 150mL LB fluid nutrient mediums are loaded in two 500mL triangular flasks, sterilize rearmounted 1~2d at room temperature, warp
Check it is pollution-free after be inoculated with the above-mentioned each bacteria suspensions of 15mL respectively, in 28 DEG C, 125r/min cultivates 2~3d, obtains mother liquor；
3) plus the mother liquor is diluted to required concentration by distilled water：T16 is 105-107Individual/ml, T21 107-109Individual/
ml；
S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution are mixed with solid fertilizer：
Weigh above-mentioned steps S2 fermentation after green manure 1.23-4.9kg, step S3 prepare fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T1675-225ml,
SA solution 150-300ml, SNP solution 120-300ml, NAA solution 120-300ml that T2175-225ml, step S1 are prepared, mix
Close, be prepared into solid fertilizer,.
As an improvement a kind of preparation method of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
S1, prepare elicitor solution：
It is 10-20umol/L that salicylic acid (SA) is made into concentration with distilled water, solution, by sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) with distill
Water is made into the solution that concentration is 10-25mmol/L, and methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) is made into the solution that concentration is 1-1.2mg/L with distilled water
It is standby；
S2, green manure fermentation：
1) fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf is taken, low temperature drying to water content is less than 30%, is crushed to 0.5-1cm sizes；
2) " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50-100 weight ratio, which is poured into 30-35 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly,
It is stand-by to form microbial inoculum；
3) microbial inoculum is mixed with the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing, the final water content control of mixture is existed
50-65%；
4) mixture is fermented, it is 36-40 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature, and fermentation time is 2-10 days；
It is prepared by S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution：
1) fixed nitrogen the strain T16 and T21 of preservation are inoculated in LB (luria-bertani) fluid nutrient medium respectively, in
28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 48h, treat that it fully grows, it is stand-by to obtain bacteria suspension；
2) 150mL LB fluid nutrient mediums are loaded in two 500mL triangular flasks, sterilize rearmounted 1~2d at room temperature, warp
Check it is pollution-free after be inoculated with the above-mentioned each bacteria suspensions of 15mL respectively, in 28 DEG C, 125r/min cultivates 2~3d, obtains mother liquor；
3) plus the mother liquor is diluted to required concentration by distilled water：T16 is 105-107Individual/ml, T21 107-109Individual/
ml；
S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution are mixed with solid fertilizer：
Weigh above-mentioned steps S2 fermentation after green manure 1.23-4.9kg, step S3 prepare fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T1675-225ml,
SA solution 150-300ml, SNP solution 120-300ml, NAA solution 120-300ml that T2175-225ml, step S1 are prepared, mix
Close, be prepared into solid fertilizer,.
Further, in such scheme, in the step S3, when preparing the bacteria suspension, treat that bacterial strain fully grows
Afterwards, each bacterial strain suspension 600nm absorbance (OD600, optical density) is determined using ultraviolet specrophotometer；
Adjust its OD value equal when OD values are more than 0.5, then proceed to allow each bacterial strain suspension fully to grow.
Further, in such scheme, in the step S3, when preparing the mother liquor, after cultivating 2-3 days, survey
Zymocyte liquid OD values, when OD values are more than 0.5 (wavelength 660nm), bacterium solution is injected in sterilized glass bottle often with sterilizing syringe
Temperature, which is sealed, obtains the mother liquor.
As a kind of optimal selection, in the step S3, mother liquor is diluted to T16 as 106Individual/ml, T21 109Individual/ml；
In the step S4, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 dosage is 75ml, and T21 dosage is 75ml.
Further, in such scheme, in the step S4, when preparing the solid fertilizer, 0.01- is added
0.1% (wt) preservative and 2-5% (wt) binding agent.
Further, in such scheme, the preservative is sodium diformate or Potassium Benzoate.
Further, in such scheme, the binding agent is bentonite or clay.
Further, in such scheme, a kind of special equipment, institute have been used during the solid fertilizer is prepared
Stating equipment includes low temperature drying device, reducing mechanism, mixing stirring device, chpn installation for fermenting, dynamic mixer, makes
Grain device, when preparing fertilizer, is first transmitted the fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf being stored in green manure storage device by belt type feeding device
Low temperature drying to water content is carried out into low temperature drying device and is less than 30%, reducing mechanism is then promoted to by lifting device,
0.5-1cm sizes are crushed to, " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50-100 weight ratio pours into fully mixed in 30-35 DEG C of warm water
Close uniformly, form microbial inoculum, be fitted into zymocyte liquid storage device, then by the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf and microbial bacteria after crushing
Liquid is well mixed in mixing stirring device, makes the final water content control of mixture in 50-65%；The mixture is sent into
Fermented in chpn installation for fermenting, it is 36-40 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature by temperature regulating device, fermentation time 2-10
My god；The chpn installation for fermenting includes housing, layering frame, top cover, base, intake stack, exhaust duct, air blower, row
Blower fan, temperature sensor, the layering frame are located at enclosure interior, and the top cover is located at housing upper, and the base is located at housing
Bottom, the intake stack is located in base, and is connected to the air blower, and intake stack is provided with multiple air inlets, described
Air inlet leads to enclosure interior, and the exhaust duct is located in top cover, and is connected with the exhaust blower, and exhaust duct is provided with more
Individual exhaust outlet, the multiple exhaust outlet also lead to enclosure interior, are additionally provided with least three temperature sensor in layering frame, respectively
Positioned at the upper, middle and lower position of layering frame, the temperature sensor is connected to temperature regulating device by wire.In fermentation process, a side
Face can adjust temperature by temperature regulating device, temperature regulating device in real time according to temperature sensor be transmitted back to come temperature information carry out
Adjustment, on the other hand, temperature can be adjusted by intake stack and exhaust duct, when especially temperature is too high, directly passed through
Air blower and intake stack are cooled to being passed through air inside chpn installation for fermenting, and air is again by exhaust duct and air draft
Machine is discharged, can also be again by air blower and intake stack to being passed through cold sky inside chpn installation for fermenting after the completion of fermentation
Gas cools to the green manure after fermentation, is taken away unnecessary heat by air and is discharged by exhaust duct and exhaust blower, is reduced to
Suitable temperature and then dynamic mixer is transported to by lifting device, at the same it is molten by multiplying dress SA solution, SNP
This five kinds of compositions are added to dynamic by liquid, NAA solution and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container by the proportioning
In mixing arrangement, then worked, be mixed uniformly, then entered by low temperature drying device by motor driven dynamic mixer
Row, which is dried to water content, is less than 5%, is finally sent into granulation tower and is granulated, that is, the solid fertilizer is made.
Further, the 0.01-0.1% (wt) preservative and 2-5% is added in the dynamic mixer
(wt) binding agent, is then dried to water content by low temperature drying device and is less than 5% again, is finally sent into granulation tower and is made
Grain, that is, be made the solid fertilizer.
Further, it is described to multiply dress SA solution, SNP solution, NAA solution and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21
Container be respectively container one, container two, container three, container four, container five, it is mixed that each container is connected to dynamic by pipeline
Attach together and put, mass flowmenter and distributing valve are equipped with each pipeline, accurate quantitative can be carried out to each Ingredient Amount
System.
Present invention also offers a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer described in cultivate the method for the Radix Astragali, including following step
Suddenly：
S1：Astragalus membranaceus seed is soaked into 3min with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, running water flowing water rinses 60min, until rinsing well dense
Sulfuric acid residual solution, dried on filter paper standby；
S2：Site preparation, after ploughing, the astragalus membranaceus seed after above-mentioned S1 processing is subjected to artificial plantation of sowing seeds, Radix Astragali spacing in the rows is averaged
For 15cm, line-spacing average out to 25cm, solid fertilizer is sowed, carry out conventional field management to harvest.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention by by the cauline leaf of the Radix Astragali after fermentation process, with three kinds of elicitors
And two kinds of nitrogen-fixing bacteria are prepared by mixing into solid fertilizer, after fertilizer treatment, Radix Astragali dry weight improves 50.52%, in astragalus root
Accumulation of flavonoids amount improves 74.5%, and the tired amount of saponin(e improves 63.18% in astragalus root, and polysaccharide accumulation amount improves in astragalus root
30.7%, significantly improve the yield and quality of the Radix Astragali.And soil nutrient content can be improved so that soil with organic matter carries
High by 7.23%, full N-P-K content has been respectively increased 3.69%, 17.59%, 2.15%, and effective N-P-K content is respectively increased
8.96%, 33.16%, 10.33%.In addition, the Radix Astragali special fertilizer preparation method of the present invention is simple, cost of investment is small.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the device structure schematic diagram for preparing fertilizer of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of chpn installation for fermenting.
Wherein, 1- green manure storage device, 2- belt type feeding devices, 3- low temperature drying devices, 4- lifting devices, 5- crush dress
Put, 6- mixing stirring devices, 7- zymocyte liquids storage device, 8- chpns installation for fermenting, 81- layering frame, 82- top covers, 83-
Base, 84- intake stacks, 841- air inlets, 85- exhaust ducts, 851- exhaust outlets, 86- air blowers, 87- exhaust blowers, 88- controls
Warm device, 89- temperature sensors, 810- wires, 9- dynamic mixers, 92- motors, 93- containers one, 94- containers two, 95-
Container three, 96- containers four, 97- containers five, 98- mass flowmenters, 99- distributing valves, 10- prilling granulators.
Embodiment
Below, come to carry out the present invention further detailed narration with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of preparation method of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
S1, prepare elicitor solution：
Salicylic acid (SA) is made into the solution that concentration is 10umol/L with distilled water, sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) is matched somebody with somebody with distilled water
Be 10mmol/L into concentration, solution, methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) is made into the solution for standby that concentration is 1mg/L with distilled water；
Salicylic acid (SA)-be purchased from Tianjin North Star Founder chemical reagent factory, molecular weight 138.12, sodium nitroprussiate (SNP)-be purchased from
Tianjin day power chemical reagent factory, molecular weight 297.94, methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA)-be purchased from the extremely big chemical reagent factory in Tianjin, molecular weight is
186.21；
S2, green manure fermentation：
1) Radix Astragali in Datong District Huiyuan Radix Astragali base is picked up from, takes fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf, low temperature drying to water content is less than
30%, it is crushed to 0.5cm sizes；
2) " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50 weight ratio, which is poured into DEG C warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, forms microorganism
Bacterium solution is stand-by；
3) microbial inoculum is mixed with the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing, the final water content control of mixture is existed
50%；The whether suitable criterion of water content is keeps a firm hand on a material, and webs water breakthrough does not drip, and scattering scatteredly is advisable；
4) mixture is fermented, it is 36 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature, and fermentation time is 2 days；
It is prepared by S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution：
1) fixed nitrogen the strain T16 and T21 of preservation are inoculated in LB (luria-bertani) fluid nutrient medium respectively, in
28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 48h, after bacterial strain fully grows, each bacterial strain suspension 600nm is determined using ultraviolet specrophotometer
Absorbance (OD600, optical density)；Adjust its OD value equal when OD values are more than 0.5, then proceed to allow each bacterium
Strain suspension fully grows to obtain bacteria suspension stand-by；
2) 150mL LB fluid nutrient mediums are loaded in two 500mL triangular flasks, sterilize rearmounted 1d at room temperature, on inspection
The above-mentioned each bacteria suspensions of 15mL are inoculated with after pollution-free respectively, in 28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 2d, zymocyte liquid OD values are surveyed, when OD values
During more than 0.5 (wavelength 660nm), bacterium solution is injected into normal temperature in sterilized glass bottle with sterilizing syringe and is sealed, that is, obtains institute
State mother liquor；
3) plus the mother liquor is diluted to required concentration by distilled water：T16 is 105Individual/ml, T21 107Individual/ml；
S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution are mixed with solid fertilizer：
Weigh above-mentioned steps S2 fermentation after green manure 1.23kg, step S3 prepare fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T1675ml, T2175ml,
SA solution 150ml, SNP solution 120ml, NAA solution 120ml that step S1 is prepared, mixing, are prepared into solid fertilizer,.
Following special equipment is used during the solid fertilizer is prepared, changing special equipment includes low temperature drying
Device 3, reducing mechanism 5, mixing stirring device 6, chpn installation for fermenting 8, dynamic mixer 9, prilling granulator 10, prepare
During fertilizer, the fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf being stored in green manure storage device 1 is first sent to low temperature drying by belt type feeding device 2
Low temperature drying to water content is carried out in device 3 and is less than 30%, reducing mechanism 5 is then promoted to by lifting device 4, is crushed to
0.5cm sizes, " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50 weight ratio, which is poured into 30 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, forms micro- life
Thing bacterium solution, it is fitted into zymocyte liquid storage device 7, the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing and microbial inoculum is then being stirred dress
It is well mixed in putting 6, makes the final water content control of mixture 50%；The mixture is sent into chpn installation for fermenting
Fermented in 8, it is 36 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature by temperature regulating device 88, and fermentation time is 2 days；The chpn fermentation dress
Putting 8 includes housing, layering frame 81, top cover 82, base 83, intake stack 84, exhaust duct 85, air blower 86, exhaust blower 87, temperature
Sensor 89 is spent, the layering frame 81 is located at enclosure interior, and the top cover 82 is located at housing upper, and the base 83 is located at housing
Bottom, the intake stack 84 are located in base 83, and are connected to the air blower 86, and intake stack 84 is provided with multiple air intakes
Mouthfuls 841, the air inlet 841 leads to enclosure interior, and the exhaust duct 85 is located in top cover 82, and with the phase of exhaust blower 87
Even, exhaust duct 85 is provided with multiple exhaust outlets 851, and the multiple exhaust outlet 851 also leads to enclosure interior, in layering frame 81
At least three temperature sensor is additionally provided with, respectively positioned at the upper, middle and lower position of layering frame 81, the temperature sensor 89 is by leading
Line 810 is connected to temperature regulating device 88.In fermentation process, on the one hand temperature, temperature regulating device can be adjusted by temperature regulating device 88
88 in real time according to temperature sensor 89 be transmitted back to come temperature information be adjusted, on the other hand, intake stack 84 can be passed through
Temperature is adjusted with exhaust duct 85, when especially temperature is too high, is directly divided by air blower 86 and intake stack 84 to solid
Air being passed through inside layer installation for fermenting 8 to be cooled, air is discharged by exhaust duct 85 and exhaust blower 87 again, after the completion of fermentation,
Can also be again by air blower 86 and intake stack 84 to being passed through cold air to green after fermentation inside chpn installation for fermenting 8
Fertilizer is cooled, and is taken away unnecessary heat by air and is discharged by exhaust duct 85 and exhaust blower 87, is reduced to suitable temperature
And then dynamic mixer 9 is transported to by lifting device 4, at the same it is molten by multiplying dress SA solution, SNP solution, NAA
This five kinds of compositions are added to dynamic mixer 9 by liquid and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container by the proportioning
In, then drive dynamic mixer 9 to work by motor 92, be mixed uniformly, then done by low temperature drying device 3
It is dry to be less than 5% to water content, finally it is sent into granulation tower and is granulated, that is, the solid fertilizer is made.
Wherein, dress SA solution, SNP solution, NAA solution and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container difference are multiplied
For container 1, container 2 94, container 3 95, container 4 96, container 5 97, it is mixed that each container is connected to dynamic by pipeline
Attach together and put 9, mass flowmenter 98 and distributing valve 99 are equipped with each pipeline, it is accurately fixed that each Ingredient Amount can be carried out
Amount control.
The Radix Astragali is cultivated using the astragalus cultivation special fertilizer of above-mentioned preparation, is comprised the following steps：
S1：Astragalus membranaceus seed is soaked into 3min with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, running water flowing water rinses 60min, until rinsing well dense
Sulfuric acid residual solution, dried on filter paper standby；
S2：Site preparation, after ploughing, the astragalus membranaceus seed after above-mentioned S1 processing is subjected to artificial plantation of sowing seeds, Radix Astragali spacing in the rows is averaged
For 15cm, line-spacing average out to 25cm, solid fertilizer is sowed, carry out conventional field management to harvest.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of preparation method of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
S1, prepare elicitor solution：
Salicylic acid (SA) is made into the solution that concentration is 15umol/L with distilled water, sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) is matched somebody with somebody with distilled water
Into the solution that concentration is 15umol/L, methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) is made into the solution for standby that concentration is 1.1mg/L with distilled water；
Salicylic acid (SA)-be purchased from Tianjin North Star Founder chemical reagent factory, molecular weight 138.12, sodium nitroprussiate (SNP)-be purchased from
Tianjin day power chemical reagent factory, molecular weight 297.94, methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA)-be purchased from the extremely big chemical reagent factory in Tianjin, molecular weight is
186.21；
S2, green manure fermentation：
1) Radix Astragali in Datong District Huiyuan Radix Astragali base is picked up from, takes fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf, low temperature drying to water content is less than
30%, it is crushed to 0.7cm sizes；
2) " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:75 weight ratio, which is poured into 33 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, forms micro- life
Thing bacterium solution is stand-by；
3) microbial inoculum is mixed with the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing, the final water content control of mixture is existed
58%；The whether suitable criterion of water content is keeps a firm hand on a material, and webs water breakthrough does not drip, and scattering scatteredly is advisable；
4) mixture is fermented, it is 38 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature, and fermentation time is 6 days；
It is prepared by S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution：
1) fixed nitrogen the strain T16 and T21 of preservation are inoculated in LB (luria-bertani) fluid nutrient medium respectively, in
28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 48h, after bacterial strain fully grows, each bacterial strain suspension 600nm is determined using ultraviolet specrophotometer
Absorbance (OD600, optical density)；Adjust its OD value equal when OD values are more than 0.5, then proceed to allow each bacterium
Strain suspension fully grows to obtain bacteria suspension stand-by；
2) 150mL LB fluid nutrient mediums are loaded in two 500mL triangular flasks, sterilize rearmounted 1.5d at room temperature, through inspection
Look into it is pollution-free after be inoculated with the above-mentioned each bacteria suspensions of 15mL respectively, in 28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 2.5d, survey zymocyte liquid OD values, when
When OD values are more than 0.5 (wavelength 660nm), bacterium solution is injected into normal temperature in sterilized glass bottle with sterilizing syringe and is sealed, is produced
To the mother liquor；
3) plus the mother liquor is diluted to required concentration by distilled water：T16 is 106Individual/ml, T21 108Individual/ml；
S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution are mixed with solid fertilizer：
Weigh above-mentioned steps S2 fermentation after green manure 2.4kg, step S3 prepare fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16150ml,
SA solution 225ml, SNP solution 210ml, NAA solution 210ml that T21150ml, step S1 are prepared, mixing, add 0.05%
(wt) preservative sodium diformate, 3.5% (wt) binding agent bentonite, are prepared into solid fertilizer,.
Following special equipment is used during the solid fertilizer is prepared, changing special equipment includes low temperature drying
Device 3, reducing mechanism 5, mixing stirring device 6, chpn installation for fermenting 8, dynamic mixer 9, prilling granulator 10, prepare
During fertilizer, the fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf being stored in green manure storage device 1 is first sent to low temperature drying by belt type feeding device 2
Low temperature drying to water content is carried out in device 3 and is less than 30%, reducing mechanism 5 is then promoted to by lifting device 4, is crushed to
0.7cm sizes, " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:75 weight ratio, which is poured into 33 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, forms micro- life
Thing bacterium solution, it is fitted into zymocyte liquid storage device 7, the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing and microbial inoculum is then being stirred dress
It is well mixed in putting 6, makes the final water content control of mixture 58%；The mixture is sent into chpn installation for fermenting
Fermented in 8, it is 38 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature by temperature regulating device 88, and fermentation time is 6 days；The chpn fermentation dress
Putting 8 includes housing, layering frame 81, top cover 82, base 83, intake stack 84, exhaust duct 85, air blower 86, exhaust blower 87, temperature
Sensor 89 is spent, the layering frame 81 is located at enclosure interior, and the top cover 82 is located at housing upper, and the base 83 is located at housing
Bottom, the intake stack 84 are located in base 83, and are connected to the air blower 86, and intake stack 84 is provided with multiple air intakes
Mouthfuls 841, the air inlet 841 leads to enclosure interior, and the exhaust duct 85 is located in top cover 82, and with the phase of exhaust blower 87
Even, exhaust duct 85 is provided with multiple exhaust outlets 851, and the multiple exhaust outlet 851 also leads to enclosure interior, in layering frame 81
At least three temperature sensor is additionally provided with, respectively positioned at the upper, middle and lower position of layering frame 81, the temperature sensor 89 is by leading
Line 810 is connected to temperature regulating device 88.In fermentation process, on the one hand temperature, temperature regulating device can be adjusted by temperature regulating device 88
88 in real time according to temperature sensor 89 be transmitted back to come temperature information be adjusted, on the other hand, intake stack 84 can be passed through
Temperature is adjusted with exhaust duct 85, when especially temperature is too high, is directly divided by air blower 86 and intake stack 84 to solid
Air being passed through inside layer installation for fermenting 8 to be cooled, air is discharged by exhaust duct 85 and exhaust blower 87 again, after the completion of fermentation,
Can also be again by air blower 86 and intake stack 84 to being passed through cold air to green after fermentation inside chpn installation for fermenting 8
Fertilizer is cooled, and is taken away unnecessary heat by air and is discharged by exhaust duct 85 and exhaust blower 87, is reduced to suitable temperature
And then dynamic mixer 9 is transported to by lifting device 4, at the same it is molten by multiplying dress SA solution, SNP solution, NAA
This five kinds of compositions are added to dynamic mixer 9 by liquid and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container by the proportioning
In, 0.06% (wt) sodium diformate and 3.5% (wt) bentonite are added, then drives dynamic mixing to fill by motor 92
9 work are put, are mixed uniformly, then is dried by low temperature drying device 3 to water content and is less than 5%, is finally sent into and is granulated
Tower is granulated, that is, the solid fertilizer is made.
Wherein, dress SA solution, SNP solution, NAA solution and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container difference are multiplied
For container 1, container 2 94, container 3 95, container 4 96, container 5 97, it is mixed that each container is connected to dynamic by pipeline
Attach together and put 9, mass flowmenter 98 and distributing valve 99 are equipped with each pipeline, it is accurately fixed that each Ingredient Amount can be carried out
Amount control.
The Radix Astragali is cultivated using the astragalus cultivation special fertilizer of above-mentioned preparation, is comprised the following steps：
S1：Astragalus membranaceus seed is soaked into 3min with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, running water flowing water rinses 60min, until rinsing well dense
Sulfuric acid residual solution, dried on filter paper standby；
S2：Site preparation, after ploughing, the astragalus membranaceus seed after above-mentioned S1 processing is subjected to artificial plantation of sowing seeds, Radix Astragali spacing in the rows is averaged
For 15cm, line-spacing average out to 25cm, solid fertilizer is sowed, carry out conventional field management to harvest.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of preparation method of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
S1, prepare elicitor solution：
Salicylic acid (SA) is made into the solution that concentration is 20umol/L with distilled water, sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) is matched somebody with somebody with distilled water
Into the solution that concentration is 25mmol/L, methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) is made into the solution for standby that concentration is 1.2mg/L with distilled water；
Salicylic acid (SA)-be purchased from Tianjin North Star Founder chemical reagent factory, molecular weight 138.12, sodium nitroprussiate (SNP)-be purchased from
Tianjin day power chemical reagent factory, molecular weight 297.94, methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA)-be purchased from the extremely big chemical reagent factory in Tianjin, molecular weight is
186.21；
S2, green manure fermentation：
1) Radix Astragali in Datong District Huiyuan Radix Astragali base is picked up from, takes fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf, low temperature drying to water content is less than
30%, it is crushed to 1cm sizes；
2) " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:100 weight ratio, which is poured into 35 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, is formed micro-
Biological bacterium solution is stand-by；
3) microbial inoculum is mixed with the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing, the final water content control of mixture is existed
65%；The whether suitable criterion of water content is keeps a firm hand on a material, and webs water breakthrough does not drip, and scattering scatteredly is advisable；
4) mixture is fermented, it is 40 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature, and fermentation time is 10 days；
It is prepared by S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution：
1) fixed nitrogen the strain T16 and T21 of preservation are inoculated in LB (luria-bertani) fluid nutrient medium respectively, in
28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 48h, after bacterial strain fully grows, each bacterial strain suspension 600nm is determined using ultraviolet specrophotometer
Absorbance (OD600, optical density)；Adjust its OD value equal when OD values are more than 0.5, then proceed to allow each bacterium
Strain suspension fully grows to obtain bacteria suspension stand-by；
2) 150mL LB fluid nutrient mediums are loaded in two 500mL triangular flasks, sterilize rearmounted 2d at room temperature, on inspection
The above-mentioned each bacteria suspensions of 15mL are inoculated with after pollution-free respectively, in 28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 3d, zymocyte liquid OD values are surveyed, when OD values
During more than 0.5 (wavelength 660nm), bacterium solution is injected into normal temperature in sterilized glass bottle with sterilizing syringe and is sealed, that is, obtains institute
State mother liquor；
3) plus the mother liquor is diluted to required concentration by distilled water：T16 is 107Individual/ml, T21 109Individual/ml；
S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution are mixed with solid fertilizer：
Weigh above-mentioned steps S2 fermentation after green manure 1.23-4.9kg, step S3 prepare fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16225ml,
SA solution 300ml, SNP solution 300ml, NAA solution 300ml that T21225ml, step S1 are prepared, add 0.1% (wt's)
The binding agent clay of preservative benzoic acid potassium, 5% (wt), mixing, is prepared into solid fertilizer,.
Following special equipment is used during the solid fertilizer is prepared, changing special equipment includes low temperature drying
Device 3, reducing mechanism 5, mixing stirring device 6, chpn installation for fermenting 8, dynamic mixer 9, prilling granulator 10, prepare
During fertilizer, the fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf being stored in green manure storage device 1 is first sent to low temperature drying by belt type feeding device 2
Low temperature drying to water content is carried out in device 3 and is less than 30%, reducing mechanism 5 is then promoted to by lifting device 4, is crushed to
1cm sizes, " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:100 weight ratio, which is poured into 35 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, forms micro- life
Thing bacterium solution, it is fitted into zymocyte liquid storage device 7, the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing and microbial inoculum is then being stirred dress
It is well mixed in putting 6, makes the final water content control of mixture 65%；The mixture is sent into chpn installation for fermenting
Fermented in 8, it is 40 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature by temperature regulating device 88, and fermentation time is 10 days；The chpn fermentation
Device 8 include housing, layering frame 81, top cover 82, base 83, intake stack 84, exhaust duct 85, air blower 86, exhaust blower 87,
Temperature sensor 89, the layering frame 81 are located at enclosure interior, and the top cover 82 is located at housing upper, and the base 83 is located at shell
Body bottom, the intake stack 84 are located in base 83, and are connected to the air blower 86, intake stack 84 be provided with it is multiple enter
Air port 841, the air inlet 841 lead to enclosure interior, and the exhaust duct 85 is located in top cover 82, and with the exhaust blower 87
It is connected, exhaust duct 85 is provided with multiple exhaust outlets 851, and the multiple exhaust outlet 851 also leads to enclosure interior, in layering frame 81
At least three temperature sensor is inside additionally provided with, is passed through respectively positioned at the upper, middle and lower position of layering frame 81, the temperature sensor 89
Wire 810 is connected to temperature regulating device 88.In fermentation process, on the one hand temperature, temperature control dress can be adjusted by temperature regulating device 88
Put 88 in real time according to temperature sensor 89 be transmitted back to come temperature information be adjusted, on the other hand, intake stack can be passed through
84 and exhaust duct 85 adjust temperature, when especially temperature is too high, directly by air blower 86 and intake stack 84 to solid
Air is passed through inside layering installation for fermenting 8 to be cooled, air is discharged by exhaust duct 85 and exhaust blower 87 again, and fermentation is completed
Afterwards, can also be again by air blower 86 and intake stack 84 to after being passed through cold air to fermentation inside chpn installation for fermenting 8
Green manure cooled, taken away unnecessary heat by air and discharged by exhaust duct 85 and exhaust blower 87, it is suitable to be reduced to
Temperature and then dynamic mixer 9 is transported to by lifting device 4, at the same by multiply dress SA solution, SNP solution,
This five kinds of compositions are added to dynamic by the proportioning and mixed by NAA solution and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container
In device 9,0.1% (wt) Potassium Benzoate and 5% (wt) clay are added, then drives dynamic mixing to fill by motor 92
9 work are put, are mixed uniformly, then is dried by low temperature drying device 3 to water content and is less than 5%, is finally sent into and is granulated
Tower is granulated, that is, the solid fertilizer is made.
Wherein, dress SA solution, SNP solution, NAA solution and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container difference are multiplied
For container 1, container 2 94, container 3 95, container 4 96, container 5 97, it is mixed that each container is connected to dynamic by pipeline
Attach together and put 9, mass flowmenter 98 and distributing valve 99 are equipped with each pipeline, it is accurately fixed that each Ingredient Amount can be carried out
Amount control.
The Radix Astragali is cultivated using the astragalus cultivation special fertilizer of above-mentioned preparation, is comprised the following steps：
S1：Astragalus membranaceus seed is soaked into 3min with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, running water flowing water rinses 60min, until rinsing well dense
Sulfuric acid residual solution, dried on filter paper standby；
S2：Site preparation, after ploughing, the astragalus membranaceus seed after above-mentioned S1 processing is subjected to artificial plantation of sowing seeds, Radix Astragali spacing in the rows is averaged
For 15cm, line-spacing average out to 25cm, solid fertilizer is sowed, carry out conventional field management to harvest.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of preparation method of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
S1, prepare elicitor solution：
Sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) is made into the solution for standby that concentration is 15mmol/L with distilled water；Sodium nitroprussiate (SNP)-be purchased from day
Tianjin day power chemical reagent factory, molecular weight 297.94；
S2, green manure fermentation：
1) Radix Astragali in Datong District Huiyuan Radix Astragali base is picked up from, takes fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf, low temperature drying to water content is less than
30%, it is crushed to 1cm sizes；
2) " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50 weight ratio, which is poured into DEG C warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, forms microorganism
Bacterium solution is stand-by；
3) microbial inoculum is mixed with the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing, the final water content control of mixture is existed
50%；The whether suitable criterion of water content is keeps a firm hand on a material, and webs water breakthrough does not drip, and scattering scatteredly is advisable；
4) mixture is fermented, it is 36 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature, and fermentation time is 2 days；
It is prepared by S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution：
1) fixed nitrogen the strain T16 and T21 of preservation are inoculated in LB (luria-bertani) fluid nutrient medium respectively, in
28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 48h, after bacterial strain fully grows, each bacterial strain suspension 600nm is determined using ultraviolet specrophotometer
Absorbance (OD600, optical density)；Adjust its OD value equal when OD values are more than 0.5, then proceed to allow each bacterium
Strain suspension fully grows to obtain bacteria suspension stand-by；
2) 150mL LB fluid nutrient mediums are loaded in two 500mL triangular flasks, sterilize rearmounted 1d at room temperature, on inspection
The above-mentioned each bacteria suspensions of 15mL are inoculated with after pollution-free respectively, in 28 DEG C, 125r/min culture 2d, zymocyte liquid OD values are surveyed, when OD values
During more than 0.5 (wavelength 660nm), bacterium solution is injected into normal temperature in sterilized glass bottle with sterilizing syringe and is sealed, that is, obtains institute
State mother liquor；
3) plus the mother liquor is diluted to required concentration by distilled water：T16 is 106Individual/ml, T21 109Individual/ml；
S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution are mixed with solid fertilizer：
Weigh above-mentioned steps S2 fermentation after green manure 1.23kg, step S3 prepare fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T1675ml, T2175ml,
The SNP solution 200ml that step S1 is prepared, mixing, are prepared into solid fertilizer,.
Following special equipment is used during the solid fertilizer is prepared, changing special equipment includes low temperature drying
Device 3, reducing mechanism 5, mixing stirring device 6, chpn installation for fermenting 8, dynamic mixer 9, prilling granulator 10, prepare
During fertilizer, the fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf being stored in green manure storage device 1 is first sent to low temperature drying by belt type feeding device 2
Low temperature drying to water content is carried out in device 3 and is less than 30%, reducing mechanism 5 is then promoted to by lifting device 4, is crushed to
1cm sizes, " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50 weight ratio, which is poured into 30 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, forms microorganism
Bacterium solution, it is fitted into zymocyte liquid storage device 7, then by the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing and microbial inoculum in mixing stirring device
It is well mixed in 6, makes the final water content control of mixture 50%；The mixture is sent into chpn installation for fermenting 8
In fermented, by temperature regulating device 88 keep fermentation temperature be 36 DEG C, fermentation time be 2 days；The chpn fermentation dress
Putting 8 includes housing, layering frame 81, top cover 82, base 83, intake stack 84, exhaust duct 85, air blower 86, exhaust blower 87, temperature
Sensor 89 is spent, the layering frame 81 is located at enclosure interior, and the top cover 82 is located at housing upper, and the base 83 is located at housing
Bottom, the intake stack 84 are located in base 83, and are connected to the air blower 86, and intake stack 84 is provided with multiple air intakes
Mouthfuls 841, the air inlet 841 leads to enclosure interior, and the exhaust duct 85 is located in top cover 82, and with the phase of exhaust blower 87
Even, exhaust duct 85 is provided with multiple exhaust outlets 851, and the multiple exhaust outlet 851 also leads to enclosure interior, in layering frame 81
At least three temperature sensor is additionally provided with, respectively positioned at the upper, middle and lower position of layering frame 81, the temperature sensor 89 is by leading
Line 810 is connected to temperature regulating device 88.In fermentation process, on the one hand temperature, temperature regulating device can be adjusted by temperature regulating device 88
88 in real time according to temperature sensor 89 be transmitted back to come temperature information be adjusted, on the other hand, intake stack 84 can be passed through
Temperature is adjusted with exhaust duct 85, when especially temperature is too high, is directly divided by air blower 86 and intake stack 84 to solid
Air being passed through inside layer installation for fermenting 8 to be cooled, air is discharged by exhaust duct 85 and exhaust blower 87 again, after the completion of fermentation,
Can also be again by air blower 86 and intake stack 84 to being passed through cold air to green after fermentation inside chpn installation for fermenting 8
Fertilizer is cooled, and is taken away unnecessary heat by air and is discharged by exhaust duct 85 and exhaust blower 87, is reduced to suitable temperature
And then dynamic mixer 9 is transported to by lifting device 4, while by multiplying dress SNP solution and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution
These three compositions are added in dynamic mixer 9 by T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container by the proportioning, then pass through electricity
Machine 92 drives dynamic mixer 9 to work, and is mixed uniformly, then is dried by low temperature drying device 3 low to water content
In 5%, finally it is sent into granulation tower and is granulated, that is, the solid fertilizer is made.
Wherein, SNP solution and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 and fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T21 container are respectively container 2 94, container four
96th, container 5 97, each container are connected to dynamic mixer 9 by pipeline, and mass flow is equipped with each pipeline
Meter 98 and distributing valve 99, accurate quantitative control can be carried out to each Ingredient Amount.
The Radix Astragali is cultivated using the astragalus cultivation special fertilizer of above-mentioned preparation, is comprised the following steps：
S1：Astragalus membranaceus seed is soaked into 3min with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, running water flowing water rinses 60min, until rinsing well dense
Sulfuric acid residual solution, dried on filter paper standby；
S2：Site preparation, after ploughing, the astragalus membranaceus seed after above-mentioned S1 processing is subjected to artificial plantation of sowing seeds, Radix Astragali spacing in the rows is averaged
For 15cm, line-spacing average out to 25cm, solid fertilizer is sowed, carry out conventional field management to harvest.
Experimental verification：
1. the influence that different elicitors are sprouted and grown to astragalus membranaceus seed
Experiment is carried out in Shanxi Province Changzhi Zhen Dong Technology Parks, is under the jurisdiction of the Shanxi Province southeast, Taihang mountain range stage casing Xi Lu, position
In Changzhi basin southeast edge, north latitude 35-degree 52' -36 ° 9' is occupied, between eastern 112 ° of 58' -113 ° 11' in footpath, height above sea level exists
More than 1200 meters.The Changzhi County weather category continental monsoon climate in warm temperate zone, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, sunshine is sufficient, moderate rainfall, warm round the clock
Difference is smaller.Han Wen partial desiccations area, average annual 9 DEG C of temperature, -6.2 DEG C of January, 22.9 DEG C, annual rainfall 411mm of July, frost phase ten
The first tenday period of a month to the mid-April next year moon, frost-free period 160d.
Experiment using Datong District Huiyuan Radix Astragali base astragalus mongolicus, first with 98% dense sulfuric acid treatment, after rinsed with running water
Totally, dry slightly rear standby.With different elicitors (SA, SNP, NAA) seed soaking, running water is blank control (being shown in Table 1).
After 7 days (i.e. on May 8th, 2015), it is seeded in flowerpot, per 10, basin, soil pours permeable in advance in basin, and earthing is uniform, both
Ensure nutrient needed for seed growth, its respiration can not be influenceed again.To water, weeding, kill during Radix Astragali late growing stage
Worm, also sunshade is built in Seedling Stage, avoid Radix Astragali seedling from being burnt by the sun.(on June 20th, 2015) can be gradual after seedling stage
Sunshade net is removed, ensures the photosynthesis of Radix Astragali plant.
The different induction subprocessings of table 1
(dry-matter accumulation reaches highest) is sampled in September, 2015, selects the Radix Astragali similar in growing way under the conditions of same treatment
15 plants, it is divided into 3 groups, biomass, active constituent content is measured.
As a result show that SA, SNP, NAA of various concentrations have significantly affected the growth of the Radix Astragali and the accumulation of effective component, SA energy
Flavones synthesis is effectively facilitated, influence degree is descending to be followed successively by 15umol/L>10umol/L>20umol/L；SNP can promote
Saponin formation, influence degree is descending to be followed successively by 15mmol/L>10mmol/L>25mmol/L>20mmol/L；NAA is advantageous to
Polysaccharide accumulation, influence degree is descending to be followed successively by 1.0mg/L>0.6mg/L>0.8mg/L>1.2mg/L.
2. Radix Astragali fertilizer optimal proportion is studied
Orthogonal design used in this experiment is carried out by SPSS softwares, and testing program is shown in Table 2, and factor level is shown in Table 3.
The testing program table of table 2
The experimental factor of table 3 is horizontal
Ploughed on April 7th, 2016, site preparation, subregion, carry out mark；April 8 applied fertilizer, and manually sowed seeds.Grow 5 cell sample
Rice, wide 3 meters, Radix Astragali spacing in the rows average out to 15cm, line-spacing average out to 25cm, every group of processing about 60g astragalus membranaceus seeds.Growth period is investigated
Index includes：Plant height, root long, thicker, fresh weight, blade Determination of Chlorophyll, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase
(POD), inspection target includes after catalase (CAT), MDA (MDA), phenylalanine lyase (PAL), harvest：The Radix Astragali
Flavones economic flow rate, the production of saponin(e economy in polysaccharide, astragalus root in saponin content, root in flavones content, root in dry matter weight, root
Amount, polysaccharide economic flow rate.
As a result show that 4 effects of processing are the most obvious, i.e., optimal proportion is combined as：15mmol/L SNP, 1.23Kg green manure,
106/ ml T16,109/ml T21.Compared with blank control, the dry weight of the Radix Astragali adds 50.52%, and flavones content improves in root
74.5%, polysaccharide accumulation amount improves 30.7%, saponin content adds 63.18%, at the same improve the Radix Astragali yield and
Content of drug effect components.
Table 4 handles 4 result of the test compared with blank control
Note：" * * " represent that statistical analysis difference is extremely notable in table；" * " represents statistical analysis significant difference.
From table 4, processing 4 is compared with blank control cultural method, in the former Radix Astragali plant height, PAL activity, dry weight, root
The economic content pole of flavones, saponin(e, polysaccharide is significantly higher than the latter in flavones, saponin(e, polyoses content and root；The former Radix Astragali root long, root
Slightly it is significantly higher than the latter；The former Radix Astragali fresh weight, chlorophyll, POD activity are higher than the latter；And after the former Radix Astragali SOD, MDA are less than
Person, but difference is not notable.
3. influence of the Different proportion of fertilizer to soil nutrient
Determination of physical and chemical properties respectively in April, 2016 and June, August, October (April is raw value, 6,8, October
For the later numerical value of fertilizer treatment) carry out, a mixing is made by the point sampling of S types 5 collection 0-20cm soil layer soil samples in each cell
Sample, it should ensure that each sampling point depth, the soil body, quantity are consistent during sampling.Dry branches and fallen leaves, stone are removed after soil sample is well mixed
The impurity such as block, part fresh soil sample is taken to be stored in 4 ° of refrigerators, after remaining soil sample air-dries in place that is clean, drying, it is unnecessary to remove
Part, pack mark, the measure soil organism, full N P and K, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and effective potassium content.
As a result show that Different proportion of fertilizer can improve soil nutrient content, promote Radix Astragali growth, wherein handling 4 effects most
Good, stable content, compared with blank control, processing 4 causes soil with organic matter to improve 7.23%, full N-P-K content difference
3.69%, 17.59%, 2.15% is improved, effective N-P-K content has been respectively increased 8.96%, 33.16%, 10.33%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, prepare elicitor solution：
Sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) is made into the solution for standby that concentration is 10-25mmol/L with distilled water；
S2, green manure fermentation：
1) fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf is taken, low temperature drying to water content is less than 30%, is crushed to 0.5-1cm sizes；
2) " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50-100 weight ratio, which is poured into 30-35 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, is formed
Microbial inoculum is stand-by；
3) microbial inoculum is mixed with the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing, makes the final water content control of mixture in 50-
65%；
4) mixture is fermented, it is 36-40 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature, and fermentation time is 2-10 days；
It is prepared by S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution：
1) fixed nitrogen the strain T16 and T21 of preservation are inoculated in LB (luria-bertani) fluid nutrient medium respectively, in 28 DEG C,
125r/min cultivates 48h, treats that it fully grows, it is stand-by to obtain bacteria suspension；
2) 150mL LB fluid nutrient mediums are loaded in two 500mL triangular flasks, sterilize rearmounted 1~2d at room temperature, on inspection
The above-mentioned each bacteria suspensions of 15mL are inoculated with after pollution-free respectively, in 28 DEG C, 125r/min cultivates 2~3d, obtains mother liquor；
3) plus the mother liquor is diluted to required concentration by distilled water：T16 is 105-107Individual/ml, T21 107-109Individual/ml；
S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution are mixed with solid fertilizer：
Weigh above-mentioned steps S2 fermentation after green manure 1.23-4.9kg, step S3 prepare fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T1675-225ml,
The SNP solution 120-300ml that T2175-225ml, step S1 are prepared, mixing, are prepared into solid fertilizer,.
2. the preparation method of a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
S1, prepare elicitor solution：
Salicylic acid (SA) is made into the solution that concentration is 10-20umol/L with distilled water, sodium nitroprussiate (SNP) is made into distilled water
Concentration is 10-25mmol/L solution, and methyl α-naphthyl acetate (NAA) is made into the solution for standby that concentration is 1-1.2mg/L with distilled water；
S2, green manure fermentation：
5) fresh membranous milkvetch stem and leaf is taken, low temperature drying to water content is less than 30%, is crushed to 0.5-1cm sizes；
6) " intercalation real microbial bacterial agent " is pressed 1:50-100 weight ratio, which is poured into 30-35 DEG C of warm water, to be sufficiently mixed uniformly, is formed
Microbial inoculum is stand-by；
7) microbial inoculum is mixed with the membranous milkvetch stem and leaf after crushing, makes the final water content control of mixture in 50-
65%；
8) mixture is fermented, it is 36-40 DEG C to keep fermentation temperature, and fermentation time is 2-10 days；
It is prepared by S3, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution：
1) fixed nitrogen the strain T16 and T21 of preservation are inoculated in LB (luria-bertani) fluid nutrient medium respectively, in 28 DEG C,
125r/min cultivates 48h, treats that it fully grows, it is stand-by to obtain bacteria suspension；
2) 150mL LB fluid nutrient mediums are loaded in two 500mL triangular flasks, sterilize rearmounted 1~2d at room temperature, on inspection
The above-mentioned each bacteria suspensions of 15mL are inoculated with after pollution-free respectively, in 28 DEG C, 125r/min cultivates 2~3d, obtains mother liquor；
3) plus the mother liquor is diluted to required concentration by distilled water：T16 is 105-107Individual/ml, T21 107-109Individual/ml；
S4, green manure and elicitor solution, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution are mixed with solid fertilizer：
Weigh above-mentioned steps S2 fermentation after green manure 1.23-4.9kg, step S3 prepare fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T1675-225ml,
SA solution 150-300ml, SNP solution 120-300ml, NAA solution 120-300ml that T2175-225ml, step S1 are prepared, mix
Close, be prepared into solid fertilizer,.
3. the preparation method of a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the step
In rapid S3, when preparing the bacteria suspension, after bacterial strain fully grows, each bacterial strain suspension is determined using ultraviolet specrophotometer
600nm absorbance (OD600, optical density)；Adjust its OD value equal when OD values are more than 0.5, then proceed to allow
Each bacterial strain suspension fully grows.
4. the preparation method of a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the step
In rapid S3, when preparing the mother liquor, after cultivating 2-3 days, zymocyte liquid OD values are surveyed, when OD values are more than 0.5 (wavelength 660nm)
When, normal temperature in bacterium solution injection sterilized glass bottle is sealed with sterilizing syringe and obtains the mother liquor.
5. the preparation method of a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the step
In rapid S3, mother liquor is diluted to T16 as 106Individual/ml, T21 109Individual/ml.
6. the preparation method of a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the step
In rapid S4, fixed nitrogen bacterium solution T16 dosage is 75ml, and T21 dosage is 75ml.
7. the preparation method of a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that in the step
In rapid S4, when preparing the solid fertilizer, 0.01-0.1% (wt) preservative and 2-5% (wt) binding agent are added.
8. the preparation method of a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the preservative is
Sodium diformate or Potassium Benzoate.
9. the preparation method of a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the binding agent is
Bentonite or clay.
The method of the Radix Astragali is cultivated according to a kind of astragalus cultivation special fertilizer described in claim 1-9 any one 10. utilizing, its
It is characterised by, comprises the following steps：
S1：Astragalus membranaceus seed is soaked into 3min with 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, running water flowing water rinses 60min, until rinsing the concentrated sulfuric acid well
Residual solution, dried on filter paper standby；
S2：After site preparation, solid fertilizer is uniformly sowed, is then ploughed, soil and fertilizer are well mixed, ditching again every other day, by above-mentioned S1
Astragalus membranaceus seed after processing carries out artificial seeding, Radix Astragali spacing in the rows average out to 15cm, line-spacing average out to 25cm, carries out conventional field pipe
Reason extremely harvests.
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| CN109006227A (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2018-12-18 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of membranous milkvetch stem and leaf returning to the field ecology planting method |
| CN109735609A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-05-10 | 中国中药有限公司 | Identify or assisting in the method for identifying Radix Astragali |
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| CN111662143B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-05-31 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | Fertilizer special for astragalus membranaceus and fertilizing method for improving yield of astragalus membranaceus |
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