CN111631135A - Blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method - Google Patents
Blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111631135A CN111631135A CN202010625690.5A CN202010625690A CN111631135A CN 111631135 A CN111631135 A CN 111631135A CN 202010625690 A CN202010625690 A CN 202010625690A CN 111631135 A CN111631135 A CN 111631135A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, in particular to a blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method, which comprises the following steps: step A, stem buds of strong branches are disinfected, wherein the length of the stem buds is about 1 mm; step B, directly inoculating the branches processed in the step A into an improved WPM culture medium, and after leaf buds germinate, carrying out heat treatment on the stem buds at 37-40 ℃ for 1-2d to obtain first-generation detoxified blueberry seedlings; step C, placing the blueberry seedlings processed in the step B into a culture medium containing ribavirin, and culturing for 45-55d to obtain robust blueberry seedlings; step D, selecting robust branches from blueberry seedlings, disinfecting, inoculating the robust branches into an improved WPM culture medium, transplanting the seedlings into a solid culture medium, and continuously culturing for 30-45 days to obtain second-generation detoxified blueberry seedlings; and E, transplanting the blueberry seedlings to a greenhouse for cultivation for 60d, and then transplanting the blueberry seedlings to the outside of the greenhouse for subsequent strong seedling cultivation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree planting, in particular to a blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method.
Background
The blueberry belongs to perennial deciduous shrubs of Vaccinium in Ericaceae, has high nutritive value, and contains energy of 238.6kJ, dietary fiber of 2.5g, calcium of 6.0mg, potassium of 77.0mg, vitamin C of 9.7mg, vitamin B of 652 μ g, etc. in per 100g of blueberry. In addition, the blueberry fruits contain a large amount of antioxidant substances, can help human bodies to enhance immunity, and has the health-care effects of resisting cancer, delaying cranial nerve aging, eliminating eye visual fatigue and the like. In a word, the blueberry is one of fruits integrating nutrition and health care effects, and has very wide planting prospect.
In recent years, the cultivation area of blueberries is rapidly increased, but fruit growers lack related cognition and prevention and control experience on occurrence and development of virus diseases, the virus diseases of the blueberries often cause symptoms of leaf chlorosis, deformity, falling, yellowing or mottle, petal reddening or withering, abnormal bending of stems, red stripe formation on epidermis or top tip withering, dwarfing of tree bodies, yield reduction or death and the like, and yield reduction or even failure is realized in severe cases. At present, more than 10 kinds of viruses infecting blueberries are found, and especially, the viruses are mainly harmful to blueberry shock viruses, blueberry shoelace viruses, blueberry blight viruses and the like. The blueberry shock virus is one of the most serious viruses harming blueberries at present. The virus can be transmitted by bees carrying infected pollen, almost infects all blueberry varieties and shows similar symptoms. According to statistics, the loss caused by blueberry shock virus infecting blueberries can reach 34-90%. At present, no effective medicine for the virus diseases exists, and the prevention is mainly performed, wherein virus-free seedling culture is one of the most critical measures. In order to avoid great harm to production caused by viruses, the realization of virus-free seedling cultivation of blueberries is a necessary way for the rapid development of the blueberry industry in China at present. Therefore, a blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method comprises acid soil, ridges, drainage ditches and a black mulching film, and comprises the following steps:
step A, in 2-4 months, selecting stem buds of semi-lignified strong branches, wherein the length of the stem buds is about 1mm, disinfecting the stem buds with 70% alcohol for 5-10s, and then washing the stem buds with sterile water for 3-4 times;
step B, directly inoculating the stem bud processed in the step A into an improved WPM culture medium, carrying out induction culture at 23-25 ℃, and carrying out heat treatment on the stem bud at 37-40 ℃ for 1-2d after the leaf bud germinates, so as to obtain a first-generation detoxified blueberry seedling;
c, placing the blueberry seedlings processed in the step B in a culture medium containing ribavirin, and continuously culturing for 45-55 days at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ to obtain stronger blueberry seedlings;
d, selecting robust branches from the blueberry seedlings processed in the step C, removing all old leaves, keeping tender shoots at the top ends, cutting the branches into small segments of 2-4CM, soaking and disinfecting the small segments for 25-30 minutes by using 550 times of carbendazim solution, soaking the cut openings of the branches in rooting water after disinfection, then inoculating the cut openings into the improved WPM culture medium, transplanting the seedlings into a solid culture medium after the seedlings take roots, and continuously culturing for 30-45 days to obtain second-generation detoxified blueberry seedlings;
step E, transplanting the blueberry seedlings processed in the step D to a greenhouse for plug cultivation, and after 60 days, transplanting the blueberry seedlings outside the greenhouse for subsequent strong seedling cultivation, wherein the strong seedling cultivation comprises the following steps: selecting the acid soil, forming a plurality of ridges on the acid soil to form the drainage ditch between two ridges, excavating planting pits at equal intervals at the tops of the ridges, then carrying out disinfection and base fertilizer application treatment on the planting pits, then burying the roots of blueberry seedlings into the planting pits, then hilling, and finally covering the black mulching film at the tops of the ridges.
As a further arrangement of the above scheme, in the step E, the width of the drainage ditch is 10-15CM, and the height difference between the drainage ditch and the top of the ridge is 25-35 CM.
As a further arrangement of the above scheme, the treatment of sterilizing and applying base fertilizer in step E specifically comprises: 5g of sulfur powder is uniformly scattered at the bottom of the planting pit, 50g of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with the proportion of 1:1:1 is uniformly scattered at the bottom of the planting pit, and the floating soil is covered on the fertilizer.
As a further configuration of the above scheme, in the step D, the solid medium is: leaf mold, river sand and perlite, wherein the proportion of the leaf mold, the river sand and the perlite is as follows: 3:2:5.
As a further arrangement of the scheme, in the step E, the inner diameter of each planting pit is 10-20CM, and the distance between every two adjacent planting pits is 20-25 CM.
As a further configuration of the above scheme, the improved WPM medium in steps a and D is specifically: WPM + sucrose + agar + hormone, wherein the proportion of the sucrose is 5% -10%.
As a further configuration of the above scheme, in step C, the ribavirin-containing medium is specifically: WPM + sucrose + agar + hormone + ribavirin, and the concentration of ribavirin is specifically 0.3-0.35 mg/L.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is arranged in early spring seasons, robust stem buds are selected, the stem buds are disinfected and then are inserted into a WPM culture medium for accelerating germination, after leaf buds germinate, the stem buds are subjected to heat treatment at 37-40 ℃ for 1-2d to obtain first-generation detoxified blueberry seedlings, then the first-generation detoxified blueberry seedlings are placed in a culture medium containing ribavirin to be cultivated, cultivated blueberry seedlings are selected, robust branches are selected, the branches are cut into sections, the stems are disinfected and inserted into the WPM culture medium again for accelerating germination, then the first-generation detoxified blueberry seedlings are inserted into a fixed culture medium to promote root development of the first-generation detoxified blueberry seedlings, second-generation blueberry seedlings are obtained, the possibility of virus infection is reduced by cultivating the detoxified seedlings twice, the blueberry seedlings are good in disease resistance, the cultivated blueberry seedlings are transferred into a natural environment, so that the blueberry seedlings can gradually adapt to the natural environment, the planting pits are disinfected and fertilized before transplanting, so that the blueberry seedlings are sterilized and killed, and the survival rate of the blueberry seedlings is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first perspective structural view of strong seedling cultivation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second perspective structural view of the strong seedling cultivation of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. acid soil; 2. ridging; 3. a drainage ditch; 4. and (3) black mulching film.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-2, in conjunction with the embodiments.
The invention discloses a blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method, which comprises acid soil 1, ridges 2, drainage ditches 3 and a black mulching film 4, and comprises the following steps:
step A, in 2-4 months, selecting stem buds of semi-lignified strong branches, wherein the length of the stem buds is about 1mm, disinfecting the stem buds with 70% alcohol for 5-10s, and then washing the stem buds with sterile water for 3-4 times to reduce bacteria and viruses on the stem buds;
step B, directly inoculating the stem bud processed in the step A into an improved WPM culture medium, carrying out induction culture at 23-25 ℃, and carrying out heat treatment on the stem bud at 37-40 ℃ for 1-2d after the leaf bud germinates, so as to obtain a first-generation detoxified blueberry seedling;
and step C, placing the blueberry seedlings obtained after the treatment in the step B into a culture medium containing ribavirin, wherein the culture medium containing ribavirin specifically comprises the following components: WPM + sucrose + agar + hormone + ribavirin, the concentration of the ribavirin is specifically 0.3-0.35mg/L, and the blueberry is continuously cultured for 45-55d at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ to obtain stronger blueberry seedlings;
d, selecting robust branches from the blueberry seedlings treated in the step C, eliminating some weak blueberry seedlings in the step C, removing all old leaves, keeping tender shoots at the top ends, cutting the branches into small sections of 2-4CM, soaking and sterilizing the small sections with 550 times of carbendazim solution for 25-30 minutes, soaking cut openings of the branches with rooting water after sterilization, wherein the rooting water is prepared by mixing common cuttage rooting powder on the market with purified water according to a proportion, then inoculating the branches into the improved WPM culture medium, transplanting seedlings into a solid culture medium after the seedlings take roots, and the solid culture medium is: leaf mold, river sand and perlite, wherein the proportion of the leaf mold, the river sand and the perlite is as follows: 3:2:5, loose soil, good air permeability and easy root development, and continuously culturing for 30-45d to obtain second-generation virus-free blueberry seedlings;
step E, transplanting the blueberry seedlings treated in the step D to a greenhouse for plug cultivation, applying more thin fertilizer during the plug cultivation, watering, and after 60 days, transplanting the blueberry seedlings outside the greenhouse for subsequent strong seedling cultivation, wherein the strong seedling cultivation comprises the following steps: choose acid soil 1, the blueberry likes acid soil, under the not enough condition of soil pH value, can do the acidizing to soil, for example add ferrous sulfate make many on acid soil 1 ridge 2 makes two form between ridge 2 escape canal 3 the 2 top equidistance of ridge is excavated and is planted the hole, will again plant the hole and do the processing of disinfection, base fertilizer, the processing of disinfection, base fertilizer specifically does: 5g of sulfur powder is uniformly dispersed at the bottom of the planting pit to play a role in sterilization and disinsection, 50g of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with the proportion of 1:1:1 is uniformly dispersed at the bottom of the planting pit, then, the floating soil covers the fertilizer to avoid the condition of root burning caused by the contact of the root fertilizer, then, the root of the blueberry seedling is buried in the planting pit, then, the soil is hilled up, finally, the black mulching film 4 covers the top of the field ridge 2, the black mulching film 4 is adopted to effectively inhibit the growth of weeds on the field ridge 2, and meanwhile, the possibility that external pests enter the root of the blueberry seedling is reduced.
The improved WPM culture medium is characterized in that: WPM + sucrose + agar + hormone, wherein the proportion of the sucrose is 5% -10%.
As shown in figure 1, the width of the drainage ditch 3 is 10-15CM, the height difference between the drainage ditch 3 and the top of the ridge 2 is 25-35CM, the drainage effect is good, and water accumulation at the root of blueberry seedlings is avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, the inner diameter of each planting pit is 10-20CM, the distance between every two adjacent planting pits is 20-25CM, the blueberry seedlings are planted in the planting pits, and the distance between every two adjacent planting pits is the distance between every two adjacent planting pits.
The working principle is as follows: in early spring, selecting robust stem buds, disinfecting the stem buds, cutting the stem buds into a WPM culture medium, accelerating germination, after leaf buds germinate, performing heat treatment on the stem buds at 37-40 ℃ for 1-2d to obtain first-generation virus-free blueberry seedlings, then putting the first-generation virus-free blueberry seedlings into a culture medium containing ribavirin, cultivating, selecting robust branches, cutting the branches into sections, disinfecting the stems, cutting the stem buds into the WPM culture medium again, accelerating germination, cutting the stem buds into a fixed culture medium, promoting root development of the stem seedlings to obtain second-generation virus-free blueberry seedlings, then transferring the second-generation blueberry seedlings into a greenhouse for cultivation, finally transplanting the second-generation blueberry seedlings out of the greenhouse to adapt to the natural environment, and the preparation work and flow of transplanting are as follows: selecting acid soil 1, forming a plurality of ridges 2 on the acid soil 1 to form drainage ditches 3 between the two ridges 2, excavating planting pits at equal intervals at the tops of the ridges 2, uniformly scattering 5g of sulfur powder at the bottoms of the planting pits, uniformly scattering 50g of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with the proportion of 1:1:1 at the bottoms of the planting pits, covering the fertilizer with floating soil to avoid root fertilizer contact and root burning, burying the roots of blueberry seedlings in the planting pits, ridging, and finally covering a black mulching film 4 at the tops of the ridges 2.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. A blueberry seedling detoxification breeding method comprises acid soil (1), ridges (2), a drainage ditch (3) and a black mulching film (4), and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step A, in 2-4 months, selecting stem buds of semi-lignified strong branches, wherein the length of the stem buds is about 1mm, disinfecting the stem buds with 70% alcohol for 5-10s, and then washing the stem buds with sterile water for 3-4 times;
step B, directly inoculating the stem bud processed in the step A into an improved WPM culture medium, carrying out induction culture at 23-25 ℃, and carrying out heat treatment on the stem bud at 37-40 ℃ for 1-2d after the leaf bud germinates, so as to obtain a first-generation detoxified blueberry seedling;
c, placing the blueberry seedlings processed in the step B in a culture medium containing ribavirin, and continuously culturing for 45-55 days at the temperature of 20-25 ℃ to obtain stronger blueberry seedlings;
d, selecting robust branches from the blueberry seedlings processed in the step C, removing all old leaves, keeping tender shoots at the top ends, cutting the branches into small segments of 2-4CM, soaking and disinfecting the small segments for 25-30 minutes by using 550 times of carbendazim solution, soaking the cut openings of the branches in rooting water after disinfection, then inoculating the cut openings into the improved WPM culture medium, transplanting the seedlings into a solid culture medium after the seedlings take roots, and continuously culturing for 30-45 days to obtain second-generation detoxified blueberry seedlings;
step E, transplanting the blueberry seedlings processed in the step D to a greenhouse for plug cultivation, and after 60 days, transplanting the blueberry seedlings outside the greenhouse for subsequent strong seedling cultivation, wherein the strong seedling cultivation comprises the following steps: choose acid soil (1) make many on acid soil (1) ridge (2) make two form between ridge (2) escape canal (3) ridge (2) top equidistance excavation is planted the hole, will again the processing of disinfection, base fertilizer is done to the planting hole, then buries blueberry seedling root in planting the hole, then hilling, will at last black plastic film (4) cover ridge (2) top.
2. The method for detoxifying and breeding the blueberry seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step E, the width of the drainage ditch (3) is 10-15CM, and the height difference between the drainage ditch (3) and the top of the ridge (2) is 25-35 CM.
3. The method for detoxifying and breeding the blueberry seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the treatment of sterilizing and applying the base fertilizer in the step E specifically comprises the following steps: 5g of sulfur powder is uniformly scattered at the bottom of the planting pit, 50g of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer with the proportion of 1:1:1 is uniformly scattered at the bottom of the planting pit, and the floating soil is covered on the fertilizer.
4. The method for detoxifying and breeding the blueberry seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step D, the solid culture medium is: leaf mold, river sand and perlite, wherein the proportion of the leaf mold, the river sand and the perlite is as follows: 3:2:5.
5. The method for detoxifying and breeding the blueberry seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step E, the inner diameter of each planting pit is 10-20CM, and the distance between every two adjacent planting pits is 20-25 CM.
6. The method for detoxifying and breeding the blueberry seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the improved WPM culture medium in the step A and the step D is specifically as follows: WPM + sucrose + agar + hormone, wherein the proportion of the sucrose is 5% -10%.
7. The method for detoxifying and breeding the blueberry seedlings according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the culture medium containing ribavirin in the step C is specifically as follows: WPM + sucrose + agar + hormone + ribavirin, and the concentration of ribavirin is specifically 0.3-0.35 mg/L.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114073226A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-22 | 河北农业大学 | Inoculation method for tissue culture and rapid propagation of raspberry petioles |
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| CN114073226A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-22 | 河北农业大学 | Inoculation method for tissue culture and rapid propagation of raspberry petioles |
| CN114073226B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-10-27 | 河北农业大学 | Inoculation method for tissue culture and rapid propagation of raspberry leaf stalks |
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