CN111629761A - 用于靶特异性递送的外泌体以及用于制备和递送该外泌体的方法 - Google Patents
用于靶特异性递送的外泌体以及用于制备和递送该外泌体的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于产生将活性物质特异性转移至靶标的外泌体的方法,以及通过该方法产生的外泌体;一种使用该外泌体将活性物质递送至靶组织的方法;一种用于递送活性物质的药物组合物,其包含作为活性成分的该外泌体;和一种用于制备包含表达载体的该外泌体的组合物其中靶肽被插入到跨膜蛋白的细胞外部分中。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求保护2017年8月17日提交的韩国专利申请号10-2017-0104171和2018年4月19日提交的美国临时申请号62/659,816的权益,其中每个专利申请的内容通过提述并入本文。
发明领域
本发明涉及一种制备以靶标特异性方式递送物质的外泌体的方法,和通过该方法制备的外泌体。
发明背景
人体由大约200种100万亿个细胞组成,其中的生理活性受各种蛋白质的作用调节,以维持生命。
细胞被由磷脂组成的双层结构的膜包围,该膜阻断外来物质进入细胞。到目前为止开发的蛋白质药物中的大多数不能穿过细胞膜进入细胞,并且能够作用于细胞外部或作用于细胞膜上的受体以将信号递送到细胞中,从而显示出生理作用。
细胞溶质具有大量彼此相互作用以调节生理活性的蛋白质。因此,如果仅蛋白质药物可以在细胞内即在细胞溶质内部传递,则将会更有效地控制细胞活性。
近来,已经积极地进行研究以建立用于将靶蛋白经由细胞膜直接递送至细胞中的方法。当制备并施用靶蛋白与蛋白转导域(PTD,一种穿过细胞膜的肽)的重组蛋白时,它可以穿过细胞膜进入细胞溶质。PTD以HIV-1TAT、HSV VP22、Antp、dfTAT和Hph-1为例。通过将PTD与靶蛋白结合而制备的融合蛋白以重组蛋白形式产生,并且在此时需要分离处理。然而,此处理的问题在于,不能正确地进行蛋白质再折叠,活性降低,蛋白质被非特异性转移,在体内引起免疫反应的风险大,成本高,以及产率低。
在另一方面,与各种纳米颗粒诸如金NP(纳米颗粒)、脂质体NP、磁性NP和聚合NP结合的靶蛋白可通过内吞作用穿过细胞膜进入细胞质。然而,纳米颗粒和靶蛋白的复合物中的大多数在细胞内的溶酶体中被降解。如果靶蛋白在溶酶体内部被降解,则该蛋白的活性会丧失。此外,难以在细胞质中分离靶蛋白和纳米颗粒,并且纳米颗粒的毒性也可能是一个问题。
外泌体是一种小囊泡,其膜结构尺寸为50~200nm,在含有蛋白质、DNA和RNA的情况下被分泌到细胞外,以进行细胞间信号传导。
外泌体首先在红细胞成熟的最后阶段通过消除细胞内蛋白质而在红细胞中仅留下血红蛋白的过程中发现。从电子显微镜下观察,确认了外泌体不是直接从质膜分离出来,而是从称为多囊泡体(MVB)的细胞内特定区域向细胞外排出。即,当MVB与质膜融合时,此类囊泡被排出到细胞外,被称为外泌体。
尚未清楚地揭示外泌体生成的分子机制。然而,已知多种免疫细胞,包括B-淋巴细胞、T-淋巴细胞、树突细胞、巨核细胞和巨噬细胞、干细胞和肿瘤细胞,在它们存活时产生并分泌外泌体。
外泌体含有多种细胞内蛋白质、DNA和RNA。外泌体中含有的这些物质分泌到细胞外,并且可以通过融合或内吞作用重新引入至其它细胞中,并充当细胞间信使。
内部具有所期望的蛋白质的外泌体可用于在体内治疗多种疾病。这需要有效产生含有靶蛋白的外泌体。韩国专利注册号10-0519384公开了一种方法,该方法包括:
1)将特定抗原的基因引入细胞系中;
2)在所述细胞系中稳定表达从引入的基因产生的蛋白质;并
3)通过外泌体将其释放出细胞,以及使用所产生的外泌体作为疫苗的方法。
然而,由于外泌体在细胞中自然形成,因此即使将编码靶蛋白的基因引入产生细胞中,制备含有靶蛋白的外泌体的可能性也非常低。存在将外泌体向靶组织的递送效率低的问题。
四次跨膜蛋白家族具有四个跨膜结构域,细胞内N-和C-末端,以及在第一和第二跨膜域之间、第三和第四跨膜域之间的两个胞外环突出。
CD9是属于四次跨膜蛋白家族的24-27kD大小的细胞表面糖蛋白受体,其调节对于调节细胞的发育、活性、生长和运动性来说很重要的信号转导作用。此外,它可调节细胞粘附和细胞迁移,并且诱导涉及血小板诱导的内皮细胞增殖的血小板激活。此外,它促进肌肉细胞融合,并且有助于维护牙根管。
本发明提供一种产生用于靶特异性递送的外泌体的方法,其包括:通过将靶肽插入到外泌体的跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域来制备表达载体;并产生包含位于外泌体膜上的靶肽的外泌体。此外,本发明显示出插入的靶肽在HEK293T细胞中良好表达,并且捕获在外泌体中的活性物质被良好地转移到靶组织中。
发明概述
本发明的某些实施方案提供一种产生将活性物质特异性转移至靶组织的外泌体的方法以及由该方法产生的外泌体。
本发明的另一实施方案提供一种使用外泌体将活性物质递送至靶组织的方法。
本发明的又一实施方案提供一种用于递送活性物质的药物组合物,其包含作为活性成分的外泌体。
本发明的又一实施方案提供一种表达载体,其中所述靶肽被插入到跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域中。
附图简述
图1A是pSF-CMV-CMV-SbfI载体的示意图,其包含CIBN基因、EGFP基因和插入了靶肽的CD9基因复合物,图1B是显示靶肽在CD9蛋白结构中的插入位置的简图。
图2是显示在用包含血管肽素-2肽复合物的外泌体处理的HEK293T细胞中血管肽素-2肽复合物表达的图像。
图3是显示在用包含ApoB肽复合物的外泌体处理的HEK293T细胞中ApoB肽复合物表达的图像。
图4是显示在用包含ApoE肽复合物的外泌体处理的HEK293T细胞中ApoE肽复合物表达的图像。
图5是显示在用包含VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的外泌体处理的HEK293T细胞中VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物表达的图像。
图6显示了pSF-CMV-CMV-SbfI载体的示意图,其包含Cre重组酶-CRY2基因、CIBN基因、EGFP基因和插入了靶肽的CD9基因复合物。
发明详述
本发明提供用于产生将活性物质特异性递送至靶组织的外泌体的方法,以及由该方法产生的外泌体。
本发明的另一实施方案提供使用外泌体将活性物质递送至靶组织的方法。
本发明的又一实施方案提供用于递送活性物质的药物组合物,其包含作为活性成分的外泌体。
本发明的又一实施方案提供表达载体,其中所述靶肽被插入到跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域中。
本发明涉及1)通过将靶肽插入到外泌体的跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域来制备表达载体的方法;和2)通过将所述表达载体引入至产生外泌体的细胞来产生用于靶特异性递送活性物质的外泌体的方法。
如本文所用,术语“跨膜蛋白”是定位并附着于细胞的脂质双层的蛋白质。它具有包含高比例的极性氨基酸的疏水区域。某些疏水区域位于双层内部,而更多的亲水区域则与水性细胞内和细胞外环境接触。在本发明的一个实施方案中,跨膜蛋白选自诸如,但不限于四次跨膜蛋白、整合素、ICAM-1、MHC-I、MHC-II、膜联蛋白和Rab。
如本文所用,术语“四次跨膜蛋白”是具有四个跨膜域的膜蛋白,存在于细胞膜上,且可接收细胞之间的信息并调节细胞增殖。四次跨膜蛋白是选自CD9、CD37、CD53、CD63、CD81和CD82的一种或多种蛋白质。在本发明的一个实施方案中,四次跨膜蛋白是CD9。
如本文所用,术语“靶肽”是能够在体内将物质转移至特定位点的肽。它在外泌体的表面上表达,允许外泌体迁移到特定组织。根据本发明,能够迁移到特定组织的任何肽均可用作靶肽。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述靶肽选自但不限于血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1内化序列、横纹肌靶肽、肽-22、THR、THR retro-enantio、CTR、瘦素20、RVG 29、CDX、蜂毒明肽、MiniAp-4、GSH、G23、g7、TGN、TAT(45-57)、SynB1、二酮哌嗪和PhPro。将靶肽插入跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域中,其中该插入不影响跨膜的表达或功能。例如,将靶肽插入从CD9(SEQ ID NO:3)N端起的氨基酸位置170-171之间。
如本文所用,术语“特定位点”是靶肽迁移至的特定组织。在本发明的一个实施方案中,该特定位点选自但不限于血脑屏障、发炎的血管、横纹肌、肝脏和癌组织。
“表达载体”是指能够从所期望的宿主细胞表达所期望的肽的重组载体,包括可操作地连接的表达基因插入物的必需调控元件。表达载体包含表达控制元件,诸如起始密码子、终止密码子、启动子和操纵子等。起始密码子和终止密码子通常被认为是核苷酸序列,并且必须与编码序列一起在框内以编码多肽。载体的启动子可以是组成型的或诱导型的。
本发明的术语“可操作地连接”意指核酸表达序列和编码所期望的蛋白质或RNA的核酸序列之间的功能性连接以执行一般功能。例如,编码序列的表达可受可操作地连接的启动子和编码蛋白质或RNA的核酸序列的影响。与表达载体的可操作连接可通过使用本领域公知的重组DNA技术来产生。可通过使用本领域通常已知的酶来实现位点特异性的DNA切割和连接。
此外,表达载体可进一步包括“选择标记”。选择标记是用于选择转化的微生物或重组载体的标记,其用于赋予可选择的表型,诸如药物抗性、营养需求、对细胞毒剂的抗性或表面蛋白的表达。使用含有选择标记的载体选择转化的细胞,因为在所选试剂的环境中只有表达选择标记的细胞可以存活。选择标记选自但不限于抗生素抗性基因,例如卡那霉素、氨苄青霉素和嘌呤霉素。
“产生外泌体的细胞”是选自由B-淋巴细胞、T-淋巴细胞、树突细胞、巨噬细胞、巨噬细胞、干细胞和肿瘤细胞的一种或多种。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述产生外泌体的细胞是HEK293 T细胞。
如本文所用,术语“活性物质”是指增强或抑制生物学功能的物质,其中所述活性物质控制物质的分泌,该物质调节表现出异常状况的人体的功能。所述活性物质选自但不限于蛋白质药物、酶、核酸、化学制品及其混合物。
在本发明的一个实施方案提供了pSF-CMV-CMV-SbfI载体,包含CIBN基因、EGFP基因和插入了靶肽复合物的CD9编码基因,其中所述靶肽选自但不限于血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1内化序列、横纹肌靶肽、肽-22、THR、THR retro-enantio、CTR、瘦素20、RVG 29、CDX、蜂毒明肽、MiniAp-4、GSH、G23、g7、TGN、TAT(45-57)、SynB1、二酮哌嗪和PhPro。所述载体被引入到产生外泌体的细胞诸如HEK293T细胞中,以获得在膜蛋白中标记有靶肽的外泌体(图1)。图2和5显示了靶肽在外泌体膜蛋白中的表达。
本发明还提供了产生用于靶特异性递送活性物质的外泌体的方法,其包括:
1)通过将靶肽插入到跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域中来制备表达载体;
2)将步骤1)的表达载体引入产生外泌体的细胞中。
所述跨膜蛋白选自但不限于诸如四次跨膜蛋白、整联蛋白、ICAM-1、MHC-1、MHC-II、膜联蛋白和Rab。所述四次跨膜蛋白选自由CD9、CD37、CD53、CD63、CD81和CD82。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述四次跨膜蛋白是CD9。
所述靶肽是能够迁移到特定组织的任何肽。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述靶肽选自但不限于血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1内化序列、横纹肌靶肽、肽-22、THR、THRretro-enantio、CTR、瘦素20、RVG 29、CDX、蜂毒明肽、MiniAp-4、GSH、G23、g7、TGN、TAT(45-57)、SynB1、二酮哌嗪和PhPro。
所述产生外泌体的细胞是选自包含B-淋巴细胞、T-淋巴细胞、树突细胞、巨噬细胞、巨噬细胞、干细胞或肿瘤细胞的组中的一种或多种。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述产生外泌体的细胞是HEK293T细胞。
在本发明的一个特定实施方案中,提供了pSF-CMV-CMV-SbfI载体,其包含CIBN基因、EGFP基因和插入了靶肽复合物的CD9编码基因,其中所述靶肽选自但不限于血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1内化序列和横纹肌靶肽。所述载体被引入至产生外泌体的细胞诸如HEK293T细胞中,以获得在膜蛋白中标记有靶肽的外泌体(图1)。图2和5显示了靶肽在外泌体膜蛋白中的表达。
本发明还提供使用通过本发明的方法制备的外泌体将活性物质递送至靶组织的方法。
该方法包括:
1)通过将靶肽插入到跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域中来制备表达载体;
2)将步骤1)的表达载体引入产生外泌体的细胞中。
所述跨膜蛋白选自但不限于诸如四次跨膜蛋白、整联蛋白、ICAM-1、MHC-1、MHC-II、膜联蛋白和Rab。所述四次跨膜蛋白选自由CD9、CD37、CD53、CD63、CD81和CD82。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述四次跨膜蛋白是CD9。
所述靶肽是能够迁移到特定组织的任何肽。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述靶肽选自但不限于血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1内化序列、横纹肌靶肽、肽-22、THR、THRretro-enantio、CTR、瘦素20、RVG 29、CDX、蜂毒明肽、MiniAp-4、GSH、G23、g7、TGN、TAT(45-57)、SynB1、二酮哌嗪和PhPro。
所述产生外泌体的细胞是选自包含B-淋巴细胞、T-淋巴细胞、树突细胞、巨噬细胞、巨噬细胞、干细胞或肿瘤细胞的组中的一种或多种。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述产生外泌体的细胞是HEK293T细胞。
在本发明的一个特定实施方案中,提供了pSF-CMV-CMV-SbfI载体,其包含CIBN基因、EGFP基因和插入了靶肽复合物的CD9编码基因,其中所述靶肽选自但不限于血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1内化序列和横纹肌靶肽。所述载体被引入至产生外泌体的细胞诸如HEK293T细胞中,以获得在膜蛋白中标记有靶肽的外泌体(图1B)。图2和5显示了靶肽在外泌体膜蛋白中的表达。
本发明还提供用于递送活性物质的药物组合物,其包含作为活性成分的外泌体,其中外泌体的量为该组合物总重量的约10至约95%。
本发明的药物组合物进一步包含一种或多种显示与上述活性成分相同或相似功能的活性成分。
本发明的药物组合物进一步包含药学上可接受的载剂、稀释剂、赋形剂及其混合物。所述药学上可接受的载剂选自但不限于,在默克公司的第13版Merck索引中列出的化学制品、盐水溶液、无菌水、林格氏溶液、缓冲盐水、右旋糖溶液、麦芽糖糊精溶液、甘油、乙醇及其混合物。所述药物组合物进一步包含其它常规添加剂,诸如抗氧化剂、缓冲剂和抑菌剂。
所述药物组合物进一步包含稀释剂或赋形剂,诸如填充剂、增量剂、粘合剂、润湿剂、崩解剂和表面活性剂。
本发明的药物组合物被配制成口服或肠胃外制剂。
用于口服施用的固体配制剂包括片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、锭剂及其组合。用于口服施用的固体配制剂包含一种或多种赋形剂,诸如淀粉、碳酸钙、蔗糖、乳糖、明胶及其混合物。所述固体配制剂进一步包含润滑剂,诸如硬脂酸镁和滑石粉。
用于口服施用的液体配制剂包括混悬剂、溶液剂、乳剂、糖浆剂及其组合。所述液体配制剂包含润湿剂、甜味剂、芳香剂、防腐剂及其组合。
肠胃外施用包括注射剂,诸如无菌水溶液、非水溶液、悬浮剂和乳剂。非水溶剂和悬浮剂选自包含丙二醇、聚乙二醇、植物油诸如橄榄油、可注射酯诸如油酸乙酯或其混合物的组。
本发明的药物组合物根据所期望的方法经口服或肠胃外施用。肠胃外施用选自外用和腹膜内注射,腹膜内注射选自但不限于直肠注射、皮下注射、静脉内注射和肌内注射。
根据本发明的药物组合物是以药学有效量施用的。药学有效量依照疾病的类型、严重性、药物活性、对药物的敏感性、施用时间、施用途径、排泄速率、治疗持续时间、同时药物治疗及其组合而变化。本发明的药物组合物是单独施用的或与其它治疗剂组合施用的。当与其它治疗剂共同施用时,施用可以是顺序的或同时的。
本发明的药物组合物包含活性成分,其中药学有效量为0.001-10g/Kg、0.01-8g/Kg或0.1-5g/Kg。一天可以进行一次或若干次施用。
此外,本发明提供表达载体,其中靶肽被插入至跨膜蛋白的细胞外域中。
所述跨膜蛋白选自但不限于诸如四次跨膜蛋白、整合素、ICAM-1、MHC-I、MHC-II、膜联蛋白和Rab。所述四次跨膜蛋白是选自包含CD9、CD37、CD53、CD63、CD81或CD82的组中的一种或多种蛋白质。在本发明的一个实施方案中,所述四次跨膜蛋白是CD9。
所述靶肽选自但不限于血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1内化序列、横纹肌靶肽、肽-22、THR、THR retro-enantio、CTR、瘦素20、RVG 29、CDX、蜂毒明肽、MiniAp-4、GSH、G23、g7、TGN、TAT(45-57)、SynB1、二酮哌嗪和PhPro。
表达载体是能够从所期望的宿主细胞表达感兴趣的肽的重组载体,其包括可操作地连接的必需调控元件以表达基因插入物。表达细胞进一步包含选择标记。选择标记选自但不限于抗生素抗性基因,例如卡那霉素、氨苄青霉素和嘌呤霉素。可以使用本领域已知的任何选择标记。
药物组合物可进一步包含适合于引入表达载体、培养转化的产生外泌体的细胞、或分离和纯化由转化的细胞产生的外泌体的一种或多种其它成分组成、溶液或装置。例如,该组合物进一步包含适于引入表达载体的缓冲剂、培养转化的产生外泌体的细胞所必需的培养基和容器及其组合。
本发明的一个实施方案提供pSF-CMV-CMV-SbfI载体,其包含CIBN基因、EGFP基因和插入靶肽复合物的CD9编码基因,其中所述靶肽选自但不限于血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1内化序列和横纹肌靶肽。所述载体被引入到产生外泌体的细胞诸如HEK293T细胞中,以获得在膜蛋白中标记有靶肽的外泌体(图1)。图2和5显示了靶肽在外泌体膜蛋白中的表达。
实施例
在下文中,将参考以下实施例详细描述本发明。然而,以下实施例是对本发明的说明,并且本发明的内容不限于此。
实施例1:在外泌体膜蛋白中标记有血管肽素-2肽复合物的外泌体的制备
血管肽素-2是靶向血脑屏障的蛋白质。通过以下方法制备了在外泌体膜蛋白中标记有血管肽素-2肽的外泌体。
首先,用NdeI限制性酶消化pSF-CMV-CMV-SbfI载体(#OG411,Oxford Genetics,英国)的多克隆位点(NdeI)以线性化DNA。此后,通过PCR制备CIBN基因(SEQ ID NO:1)、EGFP基因(SEQ ID NO:2)、编码从N端起的第1-170个氨基酸的CD9的基因片段、编码从N端起的第171-228个氨基酸的CD9的基因片段和编码血管肽素-2肽复合物的基因片段(SEQ ID NO:4)。接下来,pSF-CMV-CMV-SbfI载体的NdeI部分通过Gibson组装顺序连接,使得这三个片段的两端相互重叠20至24bp,以便获得具有序列CIBN-EGFP-CD9(1-170)-血管肽素-2肽复合物-CD9(171-228)的载体。血管肽素-2肽复合物包含三个重复的血管肽素-2氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:5),并且由氨基酸序列GGGGS(SEQ ID NO:6)描述的接头位于这些血管肽素-2氨基酸序列之间,并且氨基酸序列PPVAT(SEQ ID NO:7)中描述的接头被插入在该血管肽素-2序列的两端。
编码CIBN-EGFP-CD9(1-170)-血管肽素-2复合物-CD9(171-228)的载体被引入到HEK293T细胞作为产生外泌体的细胞。温育24小时,随后在无胎牛血清的培养基中温育48小时。将培养物以1,000rpm离心3分钟,并使用孔径为0.2μm的聚醚砜膜过滤。滤液首先在4℃下通过切向流过滤进行浓缩。然后在4℃下使用尺寸排阻色谱法用琼脂糖珠纯化浓缩物。添加300至500ml的磷酸盐缓冲的盐水以稀释溶液,然后在4℃下通过切向流过滤进行二次浓缩,以获得在外泌体膜中标记有血管肽素-2肽的外泌体。
实施例2:在外泌体膜中标记有ApoB肽复合物的外泌体的制备
ApoB是靶向血脑屏障的蛋白质,并且通过以下方法制备了在外泌体膜中标记有ApoB肽复合物的外泌体。
进行实施例1中描述的相同步骤,仅除了插入ApoB肽复合物(SEQ ID NO:8)以获得在外泌体膜中标记有ApoB肽复合物的外泌体。ApoB肽复合物包含三个重复的ApoB氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:9),并且由氨基酸序列GGGGS(SEQ ID NO:6)描述的接头位于这些ApoB氨基酸序列之间,并且氨基酸序列PPVAT(SEQ ID NO:7)中描述的接头被插入在该ApoB序列的两端。
实施例3:在外泌体膜中标记有ApoE肽复合物的外泌体的制备
ApoE是靶向血脑屏障的蛋白质,并且通过以下方法制备了在外泌体膜中标记有ApoE肽复合物的外泌体。
进行实施例1中描述的相同步骤,仅除了插入ApoE肽复合物(SEQ ID NO:10)以获得在外泌体膜中标记有ApoE肽复合物的外泌体。ApoE肽复合物包含三个重复的ApoE氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:11),并且由氨基酸序列GGGGS(SEQ ID NO:6)描述的接头位于这些ApoE氨基酸序列之间,并且氨基酸序列PPVAT(SEQ ID NO:7)中描述的接头被插入在该ApoE序列的两端。
实施例4:在外泌体膜中标记有VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的外泌体的制备
VCAM-1(血管细胞粘附分子-1)是靶向血管炎症位点的蛋白质,并且通过以下方法制备了在外泌体膜中标记有VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的外泌体。
进行实施例1中描述的相同步骤,仅除了插入VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物(SEQ IDNO:12)以获得在外泌体膜中标记有VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的外泌体。VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物包含三个重复的VCAM-1内化氨基酸序列(SEQ ID NO:13),并且由氨基酸序列GGGGS(SEQ ID NO:6)描述的接头位于这些VCAM-1内化序列之间,并且氨基酸序列PPVAT(SEQ IDNO:7)中描述的接头被插入在该VCAM-1内化序列的两端。
实施例5:在外泌体膜中标记有横纹肌靶肽复合物的外泌体的制备
横纹肌靶肽是靶向横纹肌的蛋白质,并且通过以下方法制备了在外泌体膜中标记有横纹肌靶肽的外泌体。
进行实施例1中描述的相同步骤,仅除了插入横纹肌靶肽复合物(SEQ ID NO:14-16)以获得在外泌体膜中标记有横纹肌靶肽复合物的外泌体。横纹肌靶肽复合物包含三个重复的氨基酸序列,ASSLNIA(SEQ ID NO:17)、TARGEHKEEELI(SEQ ID NO:18)或SKTFNTHPQSTP(SEQ ID NO:19),由氨基酸序列GGGGS(SEQ ID NO:6)描述的接头位于序列之间,并且氨基酸序列PPVAT(SEQ ID NO:7)中描述的接头被插入在序列的两端。
实施例6:血管肽素-2肽复合物的表达
将实施例1的外泌体转染至HEK293T细胞。24小时后通过荧光显微镜确认外泌体膜中血管肽素-2肽复合物的表达。图2显示了外泌体膜中血管肽素-2肽复合物的表达。
实施例7:ApoB肽复合物的表达
将实施例2的外泌体转染至HEK293T细胞。24小时后通过荧光显微镜确认外泌体膜中ApoB肽复合物的表达。图3显示了外泌体膜中ApoB肽复合物的表达。
实施例8:ApoE肽复合物的表达
将实施例3的外泌体转染至HEK293T细胞。24小时后通过荧光显微镜确认外泌体膜中ApoE肽复合物的表达。图4显示了外泌体膜中ApoE肽复合物的表达。
实施例9:VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的表达
将实施例4的外泌体转染至HEK293T细胞。24小时后通过荧光显微镜确认外泌体膜中VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的表达。图5显示了外泌体膜中VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的表达。
实施例10:横纹肌靶肽复合物的表达
将实施例5的外泌体转染至HEK293T细胞。24小时后通过荧光显微镜确认外泌体膜中横纹肌靶肽复合物的表达。确认了外泌体膜中横纹肌靶肽复合物的表达。
实施例11:在外泌体膜上标记有血管肽素-2肽复合物的外泌体的靶特异性递送
除了在强度为100μW的460nm的LED发射光下进一步插入另外的Cre重组酶-CRY2基因,通过与实施例1中所述相同的步骤,获得了编码CIBN-EGFP-CD9(1-170)-血管肽素2肽复合物-CD9(171-228)的载体。将该载体引入到HEK293T作为外泌体产生细胞。温育24小时,随后在LED光下在无胎牛血清的培养基中温育48小时。通过切向流过滤和尺寸排阻色谱法分离培养基,以获得在外泌体膜中标记有血管肽素-2肽复合物的外泌体。将在外泌体膜上未标记血管肽素-2肽复合物的外泌体用作对照组。将所得的外泌体以1x 109个颗粒/50μl的浓度静脉内或腹膜内注射到C57BL/6loxP-eNphr3.0-loxP-eYFP TG小鼠(The JacksonLaboratory,Bar Harbor,缅因州,美国)的血管中,并且注射后48或72小时,切除器官并进行组织病理学检查。分析小鼠中eYFP的分布,以确定标记有特定靶肽的外泌体在体内的功能和分布。
作为结果,标记有血管肽素-2肽的外泌体被特异性地转移至血脑屏障。
实施例12:在外泌体膜中标记有ApoB肽复合物的外泌体的靶特异性递送作用
除了在强度为100μW的460nm的LED发射光下进一步插入另外的Cre重组酶-CRY2基因,通过与实施例2中所述相同的步骤,获得了编码CIBN-EGFP-CD9(1-170)-ApoB肽复合物-CD9(171-228)的载体。进行了实施例11中描述的相同步骤,以确定标记有特定靶肽标记的外泌体在体内的功能和分布。
作为结果,标记有ApoB肽复合物的外泌体被特异性地转移至血脑屏障。
实施例13:在外泌体膜中标记有ApoE肽复合物的外泌体的靶特异性递送作用
除了在强度为100μW的460nm的LED发射光下进一步插入另外的Cre重组酶-CRY2基因,通过与实施例3中所述相同的步骤,获得了编码CIBN-EGFP-CD9(1-170)-ApoE肽复合物-CD9(171-228)的载体。进行了实施例11中描述的相同步骤,以确定标记有特定靶肽标记的外泌体在体内的功能和分布。
作为结果,标记有ApoE肽复合物的外泌体被特异性地转移至血脑屏障。
实施例14:在外泌体膜中标记有VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的外泌体的靶特异性递送作用
除了在强度为100μW的460nm的LED发射光下进一步插入另外的Cre重组酶-CRY2基因,通过与实施例4中所述相同的步骤,获得了编码CIBN-EGFP-CD9(1-170)-VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物-CD9(171-228)的载体。进行了实施例11中描述的相同步骤,以确定标记有特定靶肽标记的外泌体在体内的功能和分布。
作为结果,证实了在膜蛋白中标记有VCAM-1内化序列肽复合物的外泌体被特异性地转移至血管发炎的位点。
实施例15:在外泌体膜中标记有横纹肌靶肽复合物的外泌体的靶特异性递送作用
除了在强度为100μW的460nm的LED发射光下进一步插入另外的Cre重组酶-CRY2基因,通过与实施例5中所述相同的步骤,获得了编码CIBN-EGFP-CD9(1-170)-横纹肌靶肽复合物-CD9(171-228)的载体。进行了实施例11中描述的相同步骤,以确定标记有特定靶肽标记的外泌体在体内的功能和分布。
作为结果,证实了在膜蛋白中标记有横纹肌靶肽复合物的外泌体被特异性地转移至横纹肌。
序列表
<110> 赛莱克斯生命科学公司
<120> 用于靶特异性递送的外泌体以及用于制备和递送该外泌体的方法
<130> 4072-1009-W
<150> KR 10-2017-0104171
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Claims (15)
1.一种用于产生靶特异性递送活性物质的外泌体的方法,其包括:
a)通过将靶肽插入到跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域中来制备表达载体;并
b)将步骤a)的表达载体引入产生外泌体的细胞中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述跨膜蛋白是四次跨膜蛋白、整合素、ICAM-1、MHC-I、MHC-II、膜联蛋白或Rab。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述四次跨膜蛋白是选自由CD9、CD37、CD53、CD63、CD81和CD82组成的组中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述靶肽是能够迁移至特定组织的肽。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其中所述特定组织选自包含血脑屏障、发炎的血管、横纹肌、肝脏或癌组织的组。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述靶肽选自由血管肽素-2、ApoB、ApoE、VCAM-1(血管细胞粘附分子-1)内化序列肽复合物、横纹肌靶肽、肽-22、THR、THR retro-enantio、CRT、瘦素30、RVG(狂犬病病毒糖蛋白)29、CDX、蜂毒明肽、MiniAp-4、GSH、G23、g7、TGN,TAT(45-57)、SynB1、二酮哌嗪和PhPro组成的组。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述将靶肽插入到跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域不影响所述跨膜的表达或功能。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述活性物质是选自由蛋白质药物、酶、核酸和化学制品组成的组中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述产生外泌体的细胞选自由B-淋巴细胞、T-淋巴细胞、树突细胞、巨噬细胞、巨噬细胞、干细胞和肿瘤细胞组成的组。
10.一种通过权利要求1所述的方法制备的用于靶特异性递送活性物质的外泌体。
11.一种用于递送活性物质的药物组合物,其包含作为活性成分的通过权利要求1所述的方法制备的外泌体。
12.根据权利要求11所述的药物组合物,其中所述外泌体的量为所述组合物的总重量的约10至95%。
13.根据权利要求11所述的药物组合物,其中药学有效量为约0.001至10g/Kg、约0.01至8g/Kg或约0.1至5g/Kg。
14.一种通过使用外泌体来递送活性物质的方法,所述外泌体是通过权利要求1所述的方法制备的。
15.一种用于产生权利要求10所述的用于靶特异性递送活性物质的外泌体的表达载体,其包含被插入至跨膜蛋白的细胞外膜域中的所述靶肽。
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PCT/IB2018/056200 WO2019035057A2 (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2018-08-16 | EXOSOMES FOR TARGET-SPECIFIC DELIVERY AND METHODS OF PREPARATION AND ADMINISTRATION THEREOF |
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US (1) | US20200206360A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3668552A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP7224352B2 (zh) |
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CN114438038A (zh) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院 | N-钙黏素多肽修饰间充质干细胞源性外泌体的制备和应用 |
CN114874990A (zh) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所 | 一种功能化外泌体及其制备方法和应用 |
WO2024065651A1 (zh) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 谛邈生物科技(新加坡)有限公司 | 一种向adam10基因敲除的hek293细胞外泌体中装载二聚体cd24的方法 |
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KR20220139926A (ko) * | 2020-02-05 | 2022-10-17 | 다이아뎀 바이오쎄라퓨틱스 인크 | 인공 시냅스 |
CN115297876A (zh) * | 2020-03-16 | 2022-11-04 | 胞外体干细胞株式会社 | 错流过滤装置用于制备功能性外排体的新用途 |
WO2023033124A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-09 | 国立大学法人金沢大学 | 免疫制御法、免疫制御用核酸組成物およびその用途 |
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AU2021250906B2 (en) | 2023-07-20 |
CA3073162A1 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
AU2018316803B2 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
IL272684A (en) | 2020-04-30 |
CA3073162C (en) | 2023-07-04 |
AU2018316803A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
AU2021250906A1 (en) | 2021-11-11 |
JP7224352B2 (ja) | 2023-02-17 |
EP3668552A2 (en) | 2020-06-24 |
US20200206360A1 (en) | 2020-07-02 |
CN111629761B (zh) | 2024-04-16 |
JP2020534864A (ja) | 2020-12-03 |
EP3668552A4 (en) | 2021-04-28 |
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