CN111601549B - 蒸汽消融手持件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种蒸汽消融手持件,其通过蒸汽消融导管辅助医生执行蒸汽消融术,包括以卷绕形状布置的蒸汽产生元件。位于手持件的主体中的芯轴使蒸汽产生元件以卷绕布置的方式固定。当蒸汽产生元件被启动时,提供在蒸汽产生元件的长度上的电压差,使得蒸汽产生元件加热其中的液体,将液体转换成可凝蒸汽。可凝蒸汽通过导管输送至目标组织。
Description
对相关申请的引用
本申请要求于2017年12月13日提交的题为“蒸汽消融手持件(VAPOR ABLATIONHANDPIECE)”的临时专利申请No.62/598,138的权益。
背景技术
本发明涉及通过在组织处引导可凝蒸汽来进行组织消融,且更具体地,涉及用于产生和控制可凝蒸汽以消融组织的手持件。
支气管镜蒸汽消融术是一种微创性医疗程序,用于治疗各种肺部疾病(例如肺气肿)。可以应用支气管镜蒸汽消融术(也称为肺减容手术(Lung Volume ReductionSurgery,LVRS))来有效地减少患者肺中的病变肺组织的体积。LVRS已显示在某些类别的患者中改善患者肺功能。
在支气管镜蒸汽消融术中,支气管镜被推进到患者的肺中,以观察目标解剖结构并通过工作内腔提供到目标解剖结构的通路。然后,蒸汽输送导管通过支气管镜被推进到病变的肺段。蒸汽通过导管应用于目标组织,加热目标组织。消融所述组织用于减少病变组织的体积,允许更健康的组织执行必要的肺功能。
然而,蒸汽消融并非没有挑战性。液体必须被输送至蒸汽发生器,所述液体被转化为蒸汽,并且新产生的蒸汽被输送至导管。然后,蒸汽通过导管输送至组织。沿流动路径的任何地方都可能产生(蒸汽的)热损失。也许更糟的是,输送过多的蒸汽会使患者面临肺的健康部分发生附带损害的风险。
许多专利描述了用于供应蒸汽以消融目标组织的系统。例如巴里(Barry)等人的美国专利No.7,913,698描述了用于影响肺体积减小的方法和装置,优选用于实现治疗后的急性或即时肺体积减小。通过将温度高于体温的可凝蒸汽输送到患者肺的期望区域以损坏其中的组织来实现肺体积减少。流向被损坏的组织区域的血流和气流基本上被终止,使得目标区域不起作用。另外参阅巴里(Barry)等人的专利No.8,585,645。
虽然上述专利描述了用于产生和输送蒸汽的精密系统和方法,但是蒸汽是由远离导管的发生器产生的。产生远离导管的蒸汽的缺点是沿着发生器和导管之间的蒸汽流动路径可能发生蒸汽的热损失。而这是不可取的。
因此,仍然需要改进的蒸汽消融术,其有效地产生、控制和输送蒸汽到组织,同时最小化热损失。
发明内容
一种蒸汽消融手持件,其通过蒸汽消融导管辅助医生执行蒸汽消融术,包括以卷绕形状布置的蒸汽产生元件。位于手持件的主体中的芯轴使蒸汽产生元件以卷绕布置的方式固定。当蒸汽产生元件被启动时,提供在蒸汽产生元件的长度上的电压差,使得蒸汽产生元件加热其中的液体,将液体转换成可凝蒸汽。可凝蒸汽通过导管输送至目标组织。
在实施例中,蒸汽产生元件是具有多个线圈匝的导电管,并且这些匝位于芯轴中的容座中。
在实施例中,蒸汽产生元件具有横向于手持件的枪管的定向。
在实施例中,多个热电偶被安装或结合到沿着流体的流动路径的位置中。温度信息被发送到控制器以监测和调节施加到蒸汽产生元件的电压。控制器被编程为调节温度以维持通过导管的蒸汽的稳定流动。
在实施例中,蒸汽消融系统具有控制器、用于供应液体的流体供应源、以及将液体连接到细长导管的手持件。手持件包括由芯轴保持成卷绕布置的蒸汽产生元件。蒸汽产生元件可与控制器一起操作以将流过蒸汽产生元件的液体加热成蒸汽,并使蒸汽通过细长导管。
在实施例中,流体供应源为注射器。
在实施例中,手持件包括冷却元件以冷却蒸汽产生元件。风扇安装在手持件的主体中,以将气体对准蒸汽产生元件的线圈匝。
在实施例中,一种利用可凝蒸汽消融组织的方法包括以下步骤:提供成卷绕布置的导电管;维持相邻线圈匝之间的间隙;通过导电管输送液体;从第一端到第二端施加在所述管两端的电压差,从而将所述液体转换成可凝蒸汽;以及将可凝蒸汽输送到组织。
在实施例中,该方法还包括冷却线圈匝的步骤。
在实施例中,利用芯轴执行维持步骤。
在实施例中,线圈通过将线圈和芯轴螺纹连接在一起而与芯轴互锁。
在实施例中,芯轴具有管状主体并且设置在由导电管的卷绕布置限定的内腔内。
在实施例中,芯轴具有多个外部设置的容座座,并且每个容座被调整大小以接合导电管的线圈匝。
通过下面的详细描述以及附图,本发明的描述、目的和优点将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是蒸汽消融系统的示意图;
图2是蒸汽消融系统的手持件的侧视图,其中手持件的一部分被移除以示出其中的各种部件;
图3是根据本发明的一实施例的线圈组件的局部立体侧视图;
图4是根据本发明的一实施例的线圈组件的分解图;
图5A-5C分别是根据本发明的一实施例的线圈支撑件的立体图、侧视图和前视图;
图5D是图5A-5C所示的线圈支撑件的一部分的放大图;
图6A-6C分别是根据本发明的一实施例的线圈的立体图、侧视图和前视图;以及
图7是根据本发明的一实施例的线圈与线圈支撑件配准的立体侧视图。
具体实施方式
在详细描述本发明之前,应当理解,本发明不限于这里说明的特定变化,因为在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以对所描述的本发明进行各种改变或修改,并且可以替换等同物。对于本领域技术人员来说,在阅读本公开时将显而易见的是,在此描述和示出的每个单独的实施例具有分立的部件和特征,这些部件和特征可容易地与任何其它几个实施例的特征分离或组合,而不脱离本发明的范围或精神。此外,可以做出许多修改以使特定情况、材料、物质组成、工艺、工艺动作或步骤适应本发明的目的、精神或范围。所有这些修改旨在落入这里所提出的权利要求的范围内。
本文所述的方法可以按照逻辑上可能的所述事件的任何顺序以及所述事件的顺序来执行。此外,在提供值的范围的情况下,应当理解,在该范围的上限和下限与该范围内的任何其它规定值或中间值之间的每个中间值都包括在本发明内。而且,预期所描述的本发明变型的任何可选特征可独立地说明和要求权利,或者与本文描述的特征中的任何一个或多个特征结合地说明和要求权利。
本文所提及的所有现有主题(例如出版物、专利、专利申请和硬件)以全文引用的方式并入本文,除非该主题可能与本发明的主题发生冲突(在这种情况下,将以本文出现的为准)。
参照单数形式,包括存在多个呈现的相同的项的可能性。更具体地,如本文和所附权利要求书中所使用的,单数形式“一”、“一个”、“所述”和“上述”包括多个指示物,除非上下文另有明确说明。还应注意,权利要求可被撰写为排除任何选择性的元件。这样,这种陈述旨在用作先行基础,以使用与所列举的权利要求要素连用的如“单独地”、“仅”等这类排除性的术语或使用“否定”限定。最后,应当理解的是,除非另有定义,否则本文所使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域的普通技术人员所共同理解的相同的含义。
图1示出了蒸汽消融系统10,其用于产生可凝蒸汽并将其传输到目标组织(即肺或其它组织)。
所示出的蒸汽消融系统10包括导管20和手持件30,所述导管可拆卸地连接到手持件30。
所示出的导管20包括远端22、可膨胀件23、柔性细长轴24和可连接到手持件30的近端导管毂26。巴里(Barry)等人的美国专利No.7,913,698和No.8585645描述了所述导管和导管的多个部件的示例。
所述手持件30以枪形示出。手持件30包括中空线圈32,所述中空线圈32用于在液体通过时将液体转换成可凝蒸汽。所述手持件被示出为包括蒸汽开关34和设定开关36,蒸汽开关34和设定开关36共同用于启动蒸汽输送。
在实施例中,设定开关36使得蒸汽开关34能够操作一预设时间段(例如10-20秒)。在设定时间段之后,蒸汽开关34被禁用操作。
所述手持件分别经由水管38和电力或控制电缆39流体地且电力地连接到发生器40。水管38的一个示例是柔性非导电聚合物管。在克龙(Kroon)等人的美国专利公开No.2016/0220297中描述了手持件的操作和手持件中的各种部件的示例。
发生器40被示出为安置有注射器42、注射器泵44和电源46。所述注射器和泵一起操作以储存液体并通过水管38将液体输送到手持件30的加热线圈32。液体可根据需要连续地或以短脉冲的方式送到手持件以及从手持件送出。发生器40还可安置有各种其它部件,包括处理器(多个处理器)和存储部件,其被编程或可操作以执行本文所述的方法,包括致动所述泵以将预定量的液体输送至手持件。
图形用户界面(GUI)50(例如平板电脑)被示出为经由电缆52连接到发生器40。然而,其它接口可被采用,包括显示器和键盘、智能电话、鼠标等。发生器可经由因特网或其它网络连接到远程GUI和服务器。另外,示出了USB密钥,该USB密钥可包括其上的指令以在某些参数或条件(例如之前没有用过的导管的要求)下激活控制器。在实施例中,该系统(通过使用USB密钥或其它方式)适于在预定次数的使用之后禁止使用所述导管。在巴里(Barry)等人的美国专利No.7,913,698和No.8585645中描述了发生器和控制器的操作以及它们中的部件的示例。
图2示出了与图1所示的手持件共用一些特征和功能的另一手持件100。手持件100具有枪形的主体110,该枪形的主体110包括握持部112和用于在不使用手持件时悬挂手持件的吊钩114。
类似于上面结合图1所描述的手持件,手持件100包括蒸汽开关120和设定开关122,蒸汽开关120和设定开关122共同用于安全地启动蒸汽输送。
所述手持件100包括凹型的快速连接件130,以接受和配准蒸汽输送导管的近端(例如上述导管毂26)。
所述手持件100被示出为包括用于接收液体的连接器140和上述水管38。示例性的连接器140为一种不锈钢的凹鲁尔锁定连接器(stainless-steel female Luer lockconnector)。
一开口142邻近液体管线连接器140,以接收诸如上述控制电缆39的电缆。开口142以橡胶索环的形式被示出。电导体可从所述发生器延伸穿过该开口142,并将信号和电流提供给手持件的各部件(包括例如电路板146、光指示器阵列148、第一电端子152和第二电端子154)。然而,电线导体已经从图2中去除,以便于看见和理解在此所说明的手持件中的其它部件。
在实施例中,所述手持件100包括两个PC板:一个板安置所有灯。第二个板操作热电偶、按钮和灯板。将多个PC板结合到手持件中是有利的,因为减少了从手持件横穿到发生器盒的电线的数量。
手持件100还示出为包括用于将液体加热成蒸汽的离散蒸汽产生元件160。图2中的蒸汽发生元件包括由导电材料制成且布置成线圈构造的管,该线圈构造横向于手持件的枪管115。蒸汽产生元件160被示出为裸露的或无护套的离散元件或部件。它被示出为在手柄内开始和终止。蒸汽产生元件160可具有均匀的壁厚和沿其长度的电阻。在第一电端子152和第二电端子154之间施加电压差,从而产生沿蒸汽产生元件的电流。所述蒸汽产生元件由于对电流的电阻而被加热。线圈内的液体迅速变成蒸汽。
一个或多个温度传感器可被结合到流体路径中以测量温度,并向蒸汽消融系统的手持件或控制器中的处理器提供温度信息。控制器可调节到蒸汽产生元件的电压以升高或降低温度。在实施例中,蒸汽产生元件是可操作的,以避免将蒸汽的温度升高到150℃以上,且在一些实施例中避免将蒸汽的温度升高到约115℃以上。
图3是说明包括蒸汽产生元件210、支撑件220、壳体230和风扇240的加热线圈组件200的图示的局部视图。如本文所述,液体在入口区域212处进入蒸汽产生元件210,并被线圈壁加热,开始变成蒸汽。当流体到达出口区域214时,流体被转换成蒸汽。
如图3所示,并且在此进一步说明,蒸汽产生元件210被配置为包括多个环或匝的线圈。该卷绕布置被保持在支撑件220上的适当位置处。
壳体230和风扇240被布置成引导气体穿过蒸汽产生元件210和支撑件220,用于冷却所述组件并防止手持件过热。
图4是线圈210、支撑件220和壳体壁230的分解图。
芯轴-线圈支撑件
图5A至图5D示出了图4所示的线圈支撑件或芯轴220的各种工程视图。如本文所述,所述芯轴用于保持线圈210、维持相邻线圈匝之间的间隔或间隙,并且在可能的程度上避免作为热沉。
所述芯轴220被示出为具有框架230、桥接件240,以及多个容座242a、242b。每个容座240被调整大小以接受和保持单个线圈匝,并维持相邻线圈匝之间的间隙(G)。在实施例中,所述间隙(G)的范围为0.03至0.1英寸,更优选为0.04至0.06英寸。
在实施例中,芯轴具有在1至2英寸的范围内的长度(L),更优选所述长度在1.5至1.75英寸的范围中,在一实施例中所述长度约为1.6英寸。在实施例中,芯轴220具有在1至2英寸的范围内的直径(D),更优选所述直径在约1至1.25英寸的范围中。
如上所述,芯轴220被示出为具有多个杯状部或容座242a、242b以保持管状构件210的各个线圈匝。特别地,图5A至图5C中所示出的芯轴包括14个容座以保持管210的14个线圈匝。然而,桥接件240中的杯状部242的数量可以变化并且可被调节,以适当地使线圈210以卷绕布置的方式保持或固定。
参见图5D,容座242a、242b可具有在0.025至0.1英寸的范围内的高度(H)和0.025至0.1英寸的范围内的宽度(W),该高度和宽度优选约为0.08英寸。容座或杯状部也示出为具有凹形基部以接收在此所述的管210的线圈匝。
芯轴的材料可以变化。芯轴的一种示例性材料为复合材料,例如由3D系统公司(3DSystems Corporation,美国南卡罗来纳州罗克希尔)制造的商品名为Accura BluestoneTM的复合材料、聚碳酸酯或其它高温塑料,以及优选地不从线圈管210吸收热量的材料。
不希望受限于理论,芯轴提供单个线圈的间隔并且限制金属管和芯轴之间的接触表面积,这导致吸收到芯轴的能量较少。所希望的是限制被吸收到芯轴的能量。
申请人认识到上述现象。在本发明的实施例中,接触比(接触面积/整个管的不接触的面积)保持在5至30%的范围内,更优选5至15%,且最优选小于或等于10%。
另外,线圈支撑件220提供各个线圈之间的间隔(即间隙)。当沿着线圈的长度施加电压差时,线圈匝之间的间隔防止线圈匝彼此接触/短路以保持正确的电特性。
蒸汽发生元件-线圈
图6A至图6C示出了以线圈210的形式布置的管(钢的海波管(steel hypotube))。卷绕布置210包括多个单独的线圈匝216a、216b等。在实施例中,线圈匝的数量在10-20匝的范围内。当流体通过线圈被输送并且施加在管两端的电压差时,线圈被加热到足以汽化其中的流体的温度。不希望受限于理论,考虑到手持件内有限的体积/间隔,期望将更多的线圈匝结合到管状构件中以增加传递到液体的热。
在实施例中,卷绕布置210的总直径()在1至1.5英寸的范围内,优选在约1至1.2英寸的范围内。线圈匝之间的间隔可以通过上述芯轴容座或杯状部242来维持。在实施例中,线圈的轴向长度适于允许线圈匹配在枪管内并横向于枪管轴线。在实施例中,线圈的轴向长度(l)大约与芯轴相同,或者大约为1.5至1.75英寸。
卷绕布置210可通过将管状构件缠绕成卷绕布置而形成。管状构件包括输送流体通过其中的内腔,且管状构件由导电材料制成。用于管状构件的一种示例性材料是316L不锈钢焊接和拉制管,利用在0.05至0.1英寸范围内的OD钝化,优选约0.072英寸;以及利用在0.03至0.1英寸范围内的ID钝化,优选约0.06英寸。
液体或流体从线圈入口212行进到线圈出口214的路径长度在1000-2000mm的范围内,并且在实施例中,在大约1000-1300mm的范围内。增加路径长度用于将更多的热传递到液体,且当液体流过时汽化液体。如这里所述,在实施例中,通过将更多匝结合到管状构件中来增加路径长度。
在实施例中,蒸汽路径适于在不泄漏的情况下承受高压,例如当加热到250℃时125psi的压力。蒸汽路径162的示例性材料包括与线圈有关的上述材料,并且其能够承受期望的操作压力。
图7是根据本发明的一实施例的另一线圈310与线圈支撑件320配准的立体侧视图。在就可将相当大量的热施加到手持件内的相对小的空间中的液体而言,该组件是热效率的。而且,芯轴320横向于枪管将线圈保持在适当位置处,并维持每匝之间的间隔,使得线圈不发生电短路。
在实施例中,就像将使螺钉和螺母互锁一样,通过将线圈拧到芯轴上(反之亦然)使线圈310与芯轴320互锁。
在不脱离本发明主题的情况下,可以对所公开的实施例进行其它修改和变化。
例如,在实施例中,既不需要设定开关也不需要蒸汽开关,而仅存在一个蒸汽或触发开关来开始蒸汽输送。
另外,在实施例中,蒸汽产生元件被维持为与手持件的枪管平行或轴向对准。
Claims (32)
1.一种蒸汽消融手持件,其通过蒸汽消融导管辅助医生执行蒸汽消融术,所述手持件包括:
主体,其包括近端和远端,其中所述远端适于接合所述蒸汽消融导管的近端部;
液体输入口,其用于接收液体;
蒸汽产生元件,其包括第一端、第二端和导电管,所述导电管呈包括多个线圈匝的卷绕布置;
附接到所述主体的芯轴,所述芯轴将所述蒸汽产生元件支撑在所述卷绕布置中,所述芯轴包括多个容座,其中每个容座被调整大小以接收单个线圈匝,并且将所述单个线圈匝保持在适当位置且维持相邻线圈匝之间的间隙;以及
与所述蒸汽产生元件的所述第一端电连通的第一电导体和与所述蒸汽产生元件的所述第二端电连通的第二电导体,用于在所述蒸汽产生元件被启动时提供在所述蒸汽产生元件两端的电压差,并且使得所述蒸汽产生元件加热其中的液体,将所述液体转换成蒸汽。
2.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述芯轴由塑料和/或不从所述导电管吸收热量的材料制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述导电管从所述第一端到所述第二端的轴向长度至少为1英寸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述导电管具有在0.05至0.1英寸的范围内的内径。
5.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述卷绕布置具有在1至1.5英寸的范围内的直径。
6.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述线圈匝之间的每个所述间隙至少为0.05英寸。
7.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,还包括开关,在所述蒸汽消融导管连接到所述蒸汽消融手持件时,所述开关用于控制所述蒸汽消融导管的功能。
8.根据权利要求7所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述开关启动所述蒸汽消融导管以输送蒸汽。
9.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,还包括至少一个发光装置以指示所述手持件的状态。
10.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述主体为枪形。
11.根据权利要求10所述的蒸汽消融手持件,还包括用于悬挂所述手持件的钩形突起。
12.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述卷绕布置横向于所述手持件的所述主体。
13.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,还包括针对所述导电管的风扇。
14.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,还包括至少一个热电偶。
15.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述导电管是钢制品。
16.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,还包括从所述手持件的所述近端延伸的柔性电缆,并且所述电缆包括用于连接到蒸汽消融控制器的连接器。
17.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述芯轴还包括框架。
18.根据权利要求17所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述卷绕布置包括至少15个线圈匝。
19.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,其中,所述导电管和所述芯轴互锁地布置,使得与所述芯轴接触的所述导电管的面积的接触比小于或等于10%。
20.根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽消融手持件,还包括柔性液体管,所述柔性液体管可拆卸地连接到所述液体输入口,并且从所述手持件的所述近端延伸到液体驱动器。
21.一种蒸汽消融系统,包括:
控制器;
流体供应源,其供应液体;
手持件,其包括芯轴和由所述芯轴保持成卷绕布置的蒸汽产生元件,其中所述卷绕布置包括多个线圈匝,所述芯轴包括多个容座,其中每个容座被调整大小以接收单个线圈匝,并且将所述单个线圈匝保持在适当位置且维持相邻线圈匝之间的间隙,所述蒸汽产生元件可与所述控制器一起操作,以将流过所述蒸汽产生元件中的液体加热成蒸汽;以及
细长导管。
22.根据权利要求21所述的蒸汽消融系统,其中,所述流体供应源包括注射器。
23.根据权利要求21所述的蒸汽消融系统,其中,所述手持件包括引导气体穿过所述蒸汽发生元件的壳体和风扇。
24.根据权利要求21所述的蒸汽消融系统,其中,所述蒸汽产生元件包括导电管,所述导电管呈所述卷绕布置。
25.根据权利要求24所述的蒸汽消融系统,所述芯轴由塑料和/或不从所述导电管吸收热量的材料制成。
26.根据权利要求25所述的蒸汽消融系统,其中,所述导电管和所述芯轴互锁地布置,使得与所述芯轴接触的所述导电管的面积的接触比小于或等于10%。
27.根据权利要求26所述的蒸汽消融系统,其中,所述导电管具有大于或等于1000mm的路径长度。
28.一种利用可凝蒸汽消融组织的方法,包括:
提供成卷绕布置的导电管;
利用芯轴维持所述卷绕布置的相邻线圈匝之间的间隙,其中所述芯轴包括多个容座,其中每个容座被调整大小以接收单个线圈匝,并且将所述单个线圈匝保持在适当位置从而维持相邻线圈匝之间的间隙;
通过所述导电管输送液体;
从第一端到第二端施加在所述导电管两端的电压差,从而将所述液体转换成可凝蒸汽;以及
将所述可凝蒸汽输送到所述组织。
29.根据权利要求28所述的方法还包括冷却所述线圈匝。
30.根据权利要求29所述的方法,其中,所述芯轴由塑料和/或不从所述导电管吸收热量的材料制成。
31.根据权利要求30所述的方法,其中,通过将所述线圈和芯轴螺纹连接在一起而使所述线圈与所述芯轴互锁。
32.根据上述权利要求中的任一项所述的方法,其中,所述芯轴具有管状主体,并且设置在由所述导电管的所述卷绕布置限定的内腔内。
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CN111601549A (zh) | 2020-08-28 |
EP3723609A1 (en) | 2020-10-21 |
EP3723609A4 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
WO2019118195A1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
US20230042024A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
US11490946B2 (en) | 2022-11-08 |
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