CN111593083A - 一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法 - Google Patents
一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111593083A CN111593083A CN202010474924.0A CN202010474924A CN111593083A CN 111593083 A CN111593083 A CN 111593083A CN 202010474924 A CN202010474924 A CN 202010474924A CN 111593083 A CN111593083 A CN 111593083A
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- beta
- nicotinamide
- adenine dinucleotide
- pyrophosphatase
- amino acid
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种制备β‑烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,该方法以β‑烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸为底物,在β‑烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶和/或含有β‑烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组细胞的催化作用下反应生成β‑烟酰胺单核苷酸。与现有的β‑烟酰胺单核苷酸制备方法相比,该方法操作简单、高效、生产周期短、产品易纯化、环保、成本低,在保健品、生物医药等领域具有重要的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,具体涉及一种酶促合成β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,属于生物医药技术领域。
背景技术
据报道,β-烟酰胺单核苷酸(Nicotinamide mononucleotide,NMN)是烟酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶(Nicotinamide phosphate ribose transferase,NAMPT)与烟酰胺等反应的产物,同时是哺乳动物体内烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷(Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide,NAD+)补救合成途径的关键前体。
近年来,研究发现NMN具有抗衰老(J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2016; 62(4): 272-276)以及治疗心脑缺血(PLoS ONE. 2014; 9: e98972)、阿尔茨海默氏症(BMCNeurol. 2015; 15: 19.)、Ⅱ型糖尿病(Cell Metab. 2011; 14: 528-536)、肥胖等多种药理活性,在功能食品和生物医药领域具有广阔的应用开发前景。目前,在国外均有相关的保健品上市销售。
传统的体外制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法为化学合成法(Chem Commun. 1999;(8): 29-730),该方法具有操作复杂、反应步骤多、中间产物多、得率低、产品纯化困难等缺点,导致产品纯度低,而且采用化学合成法制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸时需要用到危险化学品和大量的有机溶剂,这就严重破坏了环境。
目前制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的最环保最好的方法是生物合成法,即采用酶催化烟酰胺或烟酰胺核糖生成β-烟酰胺单核苷酸。经检索发现,申请号为201611245619.4的中国专利申请公开了一种酶法制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,该方法以烟酰胺核糖为底物,ATP为磷酸供体,在含有烟酰胺核糖激酶的重组细胞或冻干粉的催化下生成β-烟酰胺单核苷酸;申请号为201811606780.9的中国专利公开了一种采用烟酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶制备NMN的方法,该方法以烟酰胺为底物,在烟酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶的催化下合成β-烟酰胺单核苷酸;申请号为201810940729.5的中国专利公开了固定化全细胞一步酶法催化制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸,该方法以D-5-磷酸核糖和烟酰胺为底物,在ATP存在下,用固定化含有磷酸核糖焦磷酸合成酶(PRPPs)和烟酰胺焦磷酸转移酶(NAMPT)的基因工程菌全细胞催化,一步实现β-NMN的生物合成。
上述方法虽然部分克服了化学合成法的缺陷,但是相对昂贵的烟酰胺核糖或烟酰胺、磷酸核糖和ATP,导致生产成本仍然较高,限制了NMN工厂化大规模生产。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是,克服现有技术的不足而提供一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,该方法利用酶工程技术生产β-烟酰胺单核苷酸,简化了生产步骤,显著提高了生产效率,降低了生产成本。
本发明提供了一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,该方法以廉价的β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸为底物,在β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶和/或含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组细胞的催化作用下反应生成β-烟酰胺单核苷酸。
本发明利用DNA重组技术制备β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶,并利用这一重组酶将β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸裂解为β-烟酰胺单核苷酸。本发明利用制备的重组酶建立体外反应体系,用于生产β-烟酰胺单核苷酸。
优选地,所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶来自大肠杆菌。
优选地,所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的氨基酸序列与序列表中序列1的氨基酸序列具有至少80%的同源性,且其中自N末端第96-121位的氨基酸与序列表中序列1相同。所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的氨基酸序列中,位于第98、101、116、119位的氨基酸残基均是Cys。
优选地,所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的氨基酸序列与序列表中序列1的氨基酸序列具有至少90%的同源性,且其中自N末端第124-243位的氨基酸与序列表中序列1相同。所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的氨基酸序列中,位于第128位的氨基酸残基是Ala,位于第130位的氨基酸残基是Cys,位于第132位的氨基酸残基是Ile,位于第148位的氨基酸残基是Arg,位于第149位的氨基酸残基是His,位于第158位的氨基酸残基是Ala,位于第160位的氨基酸残基是Phe,位于第192位的氨基酸残基是Gln,位于第194位的氨基酸残基是Trp,位于第196位的氨基酸残基是Phe,位于第199位的氨基酸残基是Ser,位于第201位的氨基酸残基是Met,位于第239位的氨基酸残基是Thr,位于第240位的氨基酸残基是Val,位于第241位的氨基酸残基是Ala。
优选地,所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的氨基酸序列为序列表中序列1的氨基酸序列。
优选地,所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶为上述限定的氨基酸序列中经过增加、缺失或替换一个或多个氨基酸并具有催化β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸得到β-烟酰胺单核苷酸活性的蛋白质衍生物。
本发明制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将pH为 6.8~9.0的水相缓冲液加入到反应容器中,添加底物β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸和含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的制剂,混合均匀;
(2)在20℃~50 ℃条件下,反应10~100 min,之后对反应液进行提纯处理,获得β-烟酰胺单核苷酸。
优选地,使反应在温度30~40 ℃以及pH7.0~8.0的水相缓冲液体系中进行,反应的持续时间为30~40 min。
更进一步优选地,使反应在温度36℃~38℃以及pH 7.4~7.6的水相缓冲液体系中进行。
优选地,所述水相缓冲液为含有MgCl2的Tris-Cl缓冲液,所述水相缓冲液中MgCl2的浓度为5~500 mM,更进一步优选的浓度为50~100 mM。
根据一个具体的优选方案,使反应在pH 7.6的Tris-Cl缓冲液中进行,Tris-Cl缓冲液中MgCl2浓度为50 mM。
优选地,所述制剂包括纯化的β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶和/或含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组细胞,所述重组细胞为微生物细胞。
优选地,所述微生物细胞为大肠杆菌、酿酒酵母或毕赤酵母。
本发明采用上述方法,克隆编码β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的基因至原核表达载体,构建重组质粒,按常规方法诱导表达和纯化重组酶,然后以β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸为底物,在纯化的β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的催化作用下反应生成β-烟酰胺单核苷酸和一磷酸腺苷。
本发明利用β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法具有重要的应用价值和开发前景。目前的有机化学合成法操作复杂、步骤多、中间产物多、得率低、产品纯化困难而导致产品纯度低,而且需要用到危险化学品和大量的有机溶剂,严重破坏环境。相比较而言,本发明提供的方法操作简单、高效、生产周期短、产品易纯化、环保、成本低,因而能更经济地应用于保健品和生物医药等领域。
附图说明
图1为本发明中实施例1获得的SDS-PAGE电泳图,其中M表示蛋白质分子量标准品,1表示纯化的重组β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶。
图2为本发明中实施例1获得的TLC图谱。
图3为本发明中实施例1获得的HPLC图谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明:本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护权限不限于下述的实施例。
实施例中所涉及的“%”如无特殊说明是指质量百分比。实施例中所涉及材料的来源:
大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)BL21(DE3)购自康为世纪生物科技有限公司,原核表达载体pET-32a购自MilliporeSigma公司(原Novagen公司)。
本实施例所涉及的其余试剂及材料均为市购,此处不再一一列举。
实施例1 β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶基因的克隆、表达和纯化
(1)β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶基因的克隆
编码β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的基因来自大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)。设计PCR的正向引物和反向引物,用于从大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)的基因组DNA中扩增编码β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的基因。
所述正向引物的寡核苷酸序列为:
5’-GCCATGGCTGATATCGGATCCATGGATCGTATAATTGAAAAATTAG-3’,其中斜体碱基(即自5’端第16-21位碱基)为酶切位点BamHI;
所述反向引物的寡核苷酸序列为:
5’-TTGTCGACGGAGCTCGAATTCTCACTCATACTCTGCCCG-3’,其中斜体碱基(即自5’端第16-21位碱基)为酶切位点EcoRI。
从大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中提取基因组DNA,以该DNA为模板进行PCR扩增,采用琼脂糖电泳检测PCR扩增产物并回收带有目的基因的产物,然后将回收纯化后的PCR产物连接至原核表达载体pET-32a,构建重组质粒。
(2)β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶蛋白的诱导表达与纯化
将上述重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG(异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷)诱导目的蛋白表达后,获得含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组大肠杆菌表达菌株,然后取菌体进行超声破碎得到融合蛋白,最后利用镍琼脂糖凝胶分离纯化融合蛋白,获得重组酶。采用SDS-PAGE电泳分析重组酶蛋白纯度,结果如图1所示,纯化蛋白的纯度达95%以上。分装纯化后的重组酶蛋白,置于-80℃超低温冰箱备用。
所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶为如下之一的蛋白质:
(a)其氨基酸序列为序列表中序列1所示的蛋白质;
(b)其氨基酸序列与序列表中序列1的氨基酸序列具有80%以上同源性,且自N末端第96-121位的氨基酸与序列表中序列1相同的蛋白质;
(c)其氨基酸序列与序列表中序列1的氨基酸序列具有90%以上同源性,且自N末端第124-243位的氨基酸与序列表中序列1相同的蛋白质;
(d)在(a)、(b)或(c)限定的氨基酸序列中经过增加、缺失或替换一个或多个氨基酸并具有催化β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸得到β-烟酰胺单核苷酸活性的蛋白质衍生物。
实施例2 β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的酶法制备
(1)将pH 7.6的水相缓冲液(水相缓冲液为浓度50 mM的Tris-Cl缓冲液)加入到反应容器中,添加底物β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸和实施例1制备的重组酶蛋白,混合均匀建立体外反应体系。1 L反应体系中含有50 mM MgCl2、5 mM β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸和180 mg 重组酶蛋白。
(2)将上述反应体系置于37℃恒温震荡仪中反应30 min。反应结束后,对反应液进行提纯处理,获得纯化的反应产物,发现β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸的转化率达到90%以上,β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的产量为1.5 g/L。
上述步骤(1)中还可以采用含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组细胞催化β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸裂解生成β-烟酰胺单核苷酸。含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组细胞由实施例1制备的含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组大肠杆菌表达菌株制备而成,具体制备方法为:收集上述菌株细胞,用用5 mL 20 mmol/L三乙醇胺缓冲液(pH8.0)重悬细胞,获得所述重组细胞。
实施例3 反应产物的检测
反应结束后,使用硝酸将反应液的pH调至3.0,然后加入20倍体积的丙酮,混匀,置4℃过夜。在4℃、12000g条件下离心10 min,收集沉淀,得到初步纯化的反应产物。采用去离子水溶解沉淀,对反应产物分别进行薄层层析法(TLC法)和高效液相色谱质谱法(HPLC/MS法)检测,分析结果分别如图2和图3所示。
其中,TLC法的检测条件如下:
展开剂为正丙醇、乙酸乙酯和水的混合液,三者体积比为7:1:4。
HPLC/MS法的检测条件如下:
检测前样品处理——用去离子水溶解样品,再用80%乙腈水溶液稀释100倍,然后用孔径为0.22μm的微孔滤器过滤后装到样品瓶中。
仪器设备——美国安捷伦公司6460液质联用仪(Agilent 1200-6460 QQQ)。
(1)色谱条件如下:
色谱柱:SeQuantTM ZIC® HiLic column (150×2.1 mm, 5μm)。
柱温:35℃。
流动相:A(蒸馏水),B(乙腈),梯度洗脱:0-10 min, A: 20%-60%, B: 80%-40%;10-12 min, A: 60%-60%, B: 40%-40%; 12-13 min, A: 60%-20%, B: 40%-80%; 13-20min, A: 20%-20%, B: 80%-80%。
进样量:5 μL。
流速:0.3 mL/min。
(2)质谱条件如下:电喷雾离子源(ESI),扫描方式MRM,雾化气压15 psi,喷雾电压500 V,干燥气流速10 L/min,干燥气(氮气)温度300 ℃。鞘气流速7 L/min,鞘气温度250℃。毛细管电压:4000 V(正模式);3500 V(负模式)。
本发明公开了一种酶法制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其中涉及重组β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的制备、反应体系的建立和反应产物的检测。与现有的β-烟酰胺单核苷酸制备方法相比,该方法操作简单、高效、生产周期短、产品易纯化、环保、成本低,在保健品、生物医药等领域具有重要的应用价值。
以上所述,仅为本发明中的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内,可理解想到的变换或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的包含范围之内,因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。
序列表
<110> 江苏易诺维生物医学研究院有限公司
<120> 一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法
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Trp Gln Gly Glu Pro Val Trp Leu Val Gln Gln Gln Arg Arg His Asp
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Met Gly Ser Val Arg Gln Val Ile Asp Leu Asp Val Gly Leu Phe Gln
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Tyr Cys Gly Tyr Cys Gly His Glu Met Tyr Pro Ser Lys Thr Glu Trp
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Ala Met Leu Cys Ser His Cys Arg Glu Arg Tyr Tyr Pro Gln Ile Ala
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Pro Cys Ile Ile Val Ala Ile Arg Arg Asp Asp Ser Ile Leu Leu Ala
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Gln His Thr Arg His Arg Asn Gly Val His Thr Val Leu Ala Gly Phe
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Val Glu Val Gly Glu Thr Leu Glu Gln Ala Val Ala Arg Glu Val Met
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Glu Glu Ser Gly Ile Lys Val Lys Asn Leu Arg Tyr Val Thr Ser Gln
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Pro Trp Pro Phe Pro Gln Ser Leu Met Thr Ala Phe Met Ala Glu Tyr
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ttgtcgacgg agctcgaatt ctcactcata ctctgcccg 39
Claims (10)
1.一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:该方法以β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸为底物,在β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶和/或含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组细胞的催化作用下反应生成β-烟酰胺单核苷酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶来自大肠杆菌。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的氨基酸序列与序列表中序列1的氨基酸序列具有至少80%的同源性,且其中自N末端第96-121位的氨基酸与序列表中序列1相同。
4.根据权利要求2所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的氨基酸序列与序列表中序列1的氨基酸序列具有至少90%的同源性,且其中自N末端第124-243位的氨基酸与序列表中序列1相同。
5.根据权利要求2所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的氨基酸序列为序列表中序列1的氨基酸序列。
6.根据权利要求3或4或5所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:所述β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶为氨基酸序列中经过增加、缺失或替换一个或多个氨基酸并具有催化β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸得到β-烟酰胺单核苷酸活性的蛋白质衍生物。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)将pH为 6.8~9.0的水相缓冲液加入到反应容器中,添加底物β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸和含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的制剂,混合均匀;
(2)在20℃~50 ℃条件下,反应10~100 min,之后对反应液进行提纯处理,获得β-烟酰胺单核苷酸。
8. 根据权利要求7所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:所述水相缓冲液为含有MgCl2的Tris-Cl缓冲液,所述水相缓冲液中MgCl2的浓度为5~500 mM。
9.根据权利要求7所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:所述制剂包括纯化的β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶和/或含有β-烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸焦磷酸酶的重组细胞,所述重组细胞为微生物细胞。
10.根据权利要求9所述一种制备β-烟酰胺单核苷酸的方法,其特征在于:所述微生物细胞为大肠杆菌、酿酒酵母或毕赤酵母。
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