CN111562716A - Multichannel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function - Google Patents

Multichannel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function Download PDF

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CN111562716A
CN111562716A CN202010294854.0A CN202010294854A CN111562716A CN 111562716 A CN111562716 A CN 111562716A CN 202010294854 A CN202010294854 A CN 202010294854A CN 111562716 A CN111562716 A CN 111562716A
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CN111562716B (en
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朱京涛
张嘉怡
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Kejingruisi Suzhou Technology Co ltd
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Tongji University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B42/00—Obtaining records using waves other than optical waves; Visualisation of such records by using optical means
    • G03B42/08—Visualisation of records by optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21B—FUSION REACTORS
    • G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
    • G21B1/11—Details
    • G21B1/23—Optical systems, e.g. for irradiating targets, for heating plasma or for plasma diagnostics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-channel KB microscope structure with a quasi-coaxial observation function, which comprises a plurality of reflector groups sequentially arranged along the optical axis direction, wherein each reflector group consists of a first reflector arranged along the meridional direction and a second reflector arranged along the sagittal direction, so that a plurality of independent imaging channels are formed. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of strong coaxiality, reduced observation visual angle difference, independent imaging, consideration of different X-ray energy requirements and the like. The invention is particularly directed at Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) research, realizes the reflection of X-rays within a larger energy span, can effectively improve the observation precision of ICF physical experiments, and solves the difficulty of fusion ignition related research at home and abroad.

Description

Multichannel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser inertial confinement fusion observation, in particular to a multi-channel KB microscope structure with a quasi-coaxial observation function.
Background
X-ray imaging is an important diagnostic tool for High Energy Density Physical (HEDP) and Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) studies. The core of the method is that the temperature and the density of the hot spot plasma are reversely deduced by observing the signal intensity of the hot spot plasma in different energy X-ray energy sections at the later stage of ignition, which is the key point and the difficulty of fusion ignition related research at home and abroad at present. The observation has spatial features of small size (about several hundred microns) to the region of interest of the hot spot, so a KB (Kirkpatrick-Baez) microscope with high spatial resolution capability of 3-5 μm is a key instrument for performing such diagnostic observations. Meanwhile, spatial information of hot spot radiation has obvious difference at different observation visual angles, so that the optical structure of the multichannel KB microscope is required to be considered and eliminated as much as possible, and the influence of the difference of the observation visual angles among channels on the hot spot measurement precision is required. The optical structure of the currently common multi-channel KB microscope is shown in fig. 1 and is respectively a four-channel KB structure, an eight-channel KB structure and a sixteen-channel KB structure, and the structure is that two reflectors are arranged in parallel and oppositely in a meridional direction and a sagittal direction to form a reflector pair, and then a plurality of reflector pairs are sequentially arranged in a front-back order in an optical axis direction to form the multi-channel KB microscope, wherein for each reflector pair, the optical structure is shown in fig. 2. It can be seen that the observation angles of the two channels are limited by the initial structure parameters of the object distance u, the image distance v, the grazing incidence angle theta, the image point interval l, and the like. The initial structure parameters are restricted by spatial resolution, working energy, surface element size of the image plane detector and space size of an experimental field, and cannot be selected randomly. The difference of observation visual angles of different channels is large, the difference of the observation visual angles of the currently used multi-channel KB system is several degrees, the consistency of the hot spot measurement process is seriously influenced, and the measurement accuracy of the hot spot plasma temperature and density is further limited.
In addition, in the prior multi-channel configuration, the mirrors share a common relationship, for example, in fig. 1 (b), the eight-channel KB microscope uses six mirrors to realize eight-channel imaging, and in fig. 1 (c), the sixteen-channel KB microscope uses eight mirrors to realize sixteen-channel imaging. The core of hot spot plasma observation is to reversely deduce the temperature and density of a hot spot through the measurement of the intensity of X-ray signals with different energies. In order to achieve high reflection efficiency of X-ray signals, a multilayer film structure designed for different X-ray energies is generally plated on the surface of a reflector, so that different imaging channels respectively respond to different X-ray energies. In order to ensure the back-stepping precision of the hot spot temperature and density, certain distinction of X-ray energy is required, which has insuperable difficulty in the preparation of a multi-channel KB structure multi-layer film sharing a reflector, so that the conventional multi-channel KB microscope generally only works on single energy or energy band.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a multi-channel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a multichannel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function, this structure includes a plurality of speculum groups that set gradually along the optical axis direction, and every speculum group is equallyd divide and is become along the first speculum that the meridional direction set up and one along the second speculum that the sagittal direction set up respectively to constitute a plurality of independent formation of image passageways.
The working reflecting surfaces of the first reflecting mirrors in each reflecting mirror group are arranged along the direction of an optical axis.
The working reflecting surfaces of the second reflectors in each reflector group are arranged along the optical axis direction.
The surface of the first reflector in each reflector group is plated with a multilayer film structure for reflecting X-rays with different energies.
The surface of the second reflector in each reflector group is plated with a multilayer film structure aiming at the reflection of X-rays with different energies.
The X-ray energy corresponding to the multilayer film structure of the first reflector and the X-ray energy corresponding to the multilayer film structure of the second reflector in each reflector group are set according to different imaging requirements.
Each imaging channel is independently imaged on the item detector.
The image points imaged by each imaging channel on the item surface detector have a set distance with each other and do not overlap with each other.
The adjustment of the position and the distance of the image point is realized by adjusting the space postures of the first reflector and the second reflector in each reflector group.
The difference in viewing angle between adjacent channels is of the order of less than 0.1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, a plurality of reflectors are arranged in parallel and oppositely in a meridional direction and a sagittal direction to form a reflector pair, and then the plurality of reflector pairs are sequentially arranged in a front-back order to form the multi-channel KB microscope. According to the multichannel KB microscope structure provided by the invention, the working reflecting surfaces of the reflectors are arranged in the same direction, and the observation visual angle difference between adjacent channels can be reduced to a magnitude lower than 0.1 degree, so that the multichannel observation of hot spot plasma has strong coaxiality, and the measurement precision of the temperature and the density of the hot spot plasma is obviously improved.
Secondly, a sharing relation exists among all reflectors with the multi-channel KB structure, the multi-layer film structure plated on the surface of the reflectors has different X-ray energy requirements, and the design, preparation and final performance of the multi-layer film are strongly limited.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional multichannel KB microscope, in which fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a four-channel KB microscope, fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of an eight-channel KB microscope, and fig. 1c is a schematic diagram of a sixteen-channel KB microscope.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the optical path structure of each mirror pair of the prior multi-channel KB microscope.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a side view in the meridian direction of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present invention provides a multichannel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function, which is composed of 2n co-aligned KB mirrors 1 to 2n, wherein the mirrors are sequentially combined in the meridional direction and the sagittal direction respectively to form a plurality of independent imaging channels, i.e. the mirrors 1 and 1 ' form an image 1, the mirrors 2 and 2 ' form an image 2, … …, and the mirrors n and n ' form an image n.
For the KB mirrors 1 to n in the meridional direction, the working reflecting surfaces thereof are all arranged in the same direction, and for the KB mirrors 1 'to n' in the sagittal direction, the working reflecting surfaces thereof are also arranged in the same direction.
The KB reflectors which are arranged in the same direction have slight difference in spatial posture, and X-rays emitted by object points form image points with certain spatial intervals on an image surface after passing through the KB reflectors, so that KB imaging of n channels is realized.
The n imaging channels are all independently imaged in the working process, and can be respectively plated on the surfaces of the reflectors of the imaging channels aiming at E1To EnMultilayer film structure for reflecting energy X-ray, so that images 1 to n of the multichannel KB microscope are respectively E1To EnAn imaging signal of the energy.
The multichannel KB reflector provided by the invention is used for X-ray imaging diagnosis of a hot spot region at the later stage of an implosion compression process of a laser device, can realize measurement of two energy points, namely E1-5.4 keV (Cr K alpha line) and E2-8.0 keV (Cu K alpha line), namely X-ray imaging of two channels (corresponding to E1 and E2 respectively) is finally required to be realized, the size of the hot spot region required to be observed is about 300 mu m, the expected spatial resolution of a KB system is about 3 mu m, the observation angle of the two channels is required to be less than 3 mu m/300 mu m and about 0.57 degrees, the difference of the observation angle is in the spatial resolution range of the KB system at the moment, no influence is caused on experimental data analysis, and the requirement of the observation angle cannot be realized if the conventional symmetrical structure is adopted.
By adopting the multichannel KB microscope structure with the quasi-coaxial observation function, the designed initial structure parameters are shown in the table 1 according to the application requirements of spatial resolution and light collecting efficiency, in order to reduce the processing and manufacturing difficulty, the four reflectors all adopt the same curvature radius R which is 20m, and the image point interval corresponding to the reflector 1 and the reflector 2 is set to be 16mm in the meridian direction according to the space arrangement requirement of an image plane detector; in the sagittal direction, the image point interval between the mirror 1 'and the mirror 2' is set at 20 mm. According to the parameters, the angle difference of the incident X-ray optical axes of the two imaging channels in the meridional and sagittal directions, that is, the observation angle difference, can be finally determined, and simple calculation indicates that the observation angle difference corresponding to the reflector 1 and the reflector 2 in the meridional direction is 0.164 °; in the sagittal direction, the difference ' of the observation visual angles corresponding to the reflecting mirror 1 ' and the reflecting mirror 2 ' is 0.232 degrees, which is obviously better than the requirement of the observation visual angle of 0.57 degrees.
Table 1 initial structural parameters of the design
Serial number Objective lens Object distance Grazing incidence angle Radius of curvature Magnification ratio Working energy
1 1 u1＝180mm θ1＝0.9507° R＝20m 11.7778 E1＝5.4keV
2 1′ u1′＝190mm θ1′＝0.9987° R＝20m 11.1053 E1＝5.4keV
3 2 u2＝210mm θ2＝1.0934° R＝20m 9.9524 E2＝8.0keV
4 2′ u1′＝225mm θ2′＝1.1631° R＝20m 9.2222 E2＝8.0keV
In order to achieve an energy response to two energy point X-rays, the respective multilayer film structures required are also designed independently for the four mirrors, mirror 1 and mirror 1 'operating at energy E1 of 5.4keV and mirror 2' operating at energy E2 of 8.0 keV. The X-ray multilayer film structures designed at the respective grazing incidence angles are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2X-ray multilayer film structure designed under different grazing incidence angles
Figure BDA0002451795840000041
Figure BDA0002451795840000051

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a multichannel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function which characterized in that, this structure includes a plurality of speculum group that set gradually along the optical axis direction, and every speculum group is equallyd divide and is become along the first speculum that the meridional direction set up and one along the second speculum that the sagittal direction set up respectively to constitute a plurality of independent imaging channel.
2. The structure of the multi-channel KB microscope with quasi-coaxial observation function according to claim 1, wherein the working reflecting surfaces of the first reflecting mirrors in each reflecting mirror group are arranged along the optical axis.
3. The structure of the multi-channel KB microscope with quasi-coaxial observation function according to claim 1, wherein the working reflecting surfaces of the second mirrors in each mirror group are arranged along the optical axis.
4. The structure of claim 1, wherein the first mirror surface in each mirror group is coated with multi-layer film structure for different energy X-ray reflection.
5. The structure of claim 4, wherein the second mirror surface of each mirror group is coated with a multi-layer film structure for different energy X-ray reflection.
6. The multi-channel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function according to claim 5, wherein the X-ray energy corresponding to the multi-layer film structure of the first mirror and the X-ray energy corresponding to the multi-layer film structure of the second mirror in each mirror group are set according to different imaging requirements.
7. The multi-channel KB microscope structure with quasi-coaxial observation function of claim 1, wherein each imaging channel is independently imaged on a coronal detector.
8. The structure of the multi-channel KB microscope with quasi-coaxial observation function according to claim 7, wherein the image points imaged by each imaging channel on the top detector have a set distance therebetween, and do not overlap with each other.
9. The structure of the multichannel KB microscope with quasi-coaxial observation function of claim 8, wherein the adjustment of the position and the spacing of the image points is realized by adjusting the spatial attitude of the first mirror and the second mirror in each mirror group.
10. The structure of claim 1, wherein the viewing angle difference between adjacent channels is less than 0.1 °.
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CN113741137B (en) * 2021-06-09 2023-08-29 同济大学 X-ray optical imaging system with high resolution and high monochromaticity
CN117352527A (en) * 2023-10-08 2024-01-05 同济大学 Six-channel array type Schwarzschild extreme ultraviolet imaging system

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