CN111546546B - 长条体的加工装置以及长条体的制造方法 - Google Patents

长条体的加工装置以及长条体的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN111546546B
CN111546546B CN202010086678.1A CN202010086678A CN111546546B CN 111546546 B CN111546546 B CN 111546546B CN 202010086678 A CN202010086678 A CN 202010086678A CN 111546546 B CN111546546 B CN 111546546B
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heating
molding die
molding
rubber material
central
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CN111546546A (zh
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永冈久幸
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Nok Momor Processing Co ltd
Nok Corp
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Nok Momor Processing Co ltd
Nok Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/70Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/007Tempering units for temperature control of moulds or cores, e.g. comprising heat exchangers, controlled valves, temperature-controlled circuits for fluids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/16Cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/001Joining in special atmospheres
    • B29C66/0012Joining in special atmospheres characterised by the type of environment
    • B29C66/0014Gaseous environments
    • B29C66/00145Vacuum, e.g. partial vacuum
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/347General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients
    • B29C66/3472General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients in the plane of the joint, e.g. along the joint line in the plane of the joint or perpendicular to the joint line in the plane of the joint
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/526Joining bars
    • B29C66/5261Joining bars for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the bars to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B29C66/73752General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being uncured
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73753General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized
    • B29C66/73754General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being partially cured
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81431General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single cavity, e.g. a groove
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/816General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8161General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps said pressing elements being supported or backed-up by springs or by resilient material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
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    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
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    • B29C35/16Cooling
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2007Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
    • B29C65/2015Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror being a single welding mirror comprising several separate heating surfaces in different planes, e.g. said heating surfaces having different temperatures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2007Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
    • B29C65/2023Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror said welding mirror comprising several sectors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30Electrical means
    • B29C65/32Induction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29L2031/26Sealing devices, e.g. packaging for pistons or pipe joints
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Abstract

本发明提供长条体的加工装置以及长条体的制造方法。长条体的加工装置具有:成型模具,内部配置有未交联的橡胶材料;至少1个加热单元,对成型模具进行加热;以及加压装置,使用由加热单元加热了的成型模具对橡胶材料进行加压,从而一边进行橡胶材料的交联,一边促进基于成型模具进行的橡胶材料的成型。加热单元具有对成型模具的长度方向中央部进行加热的中央加热装置、对成型模具的2个长度方向端部进行冷却的多个冷却装置、对成型模具的长度方向中央部与长度方向端部之间的2个中间部进行加热的多个中间加热装置、配置在中央加热装置与中间加热装置之间的遮热板、以及配置在冷却装置与中间加热装置之间的遮热板。

Description

长条体的加工装置以及长条体的制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及以橡胶为材料的长条体的加工装置以及长条体的制造方法。
背景技术
以橡胶为材料制造长条体的技术通过下述内容来执行,即:在成型模具的内部的空腔配置未交联的橡胶材料,并经由成型模具将压力与热施加于橡胶材料,由此使橡胶材料进行交联。
存在将由橡胶形成的长条体的端部接合的技术。例如,可以通过将多个长条体接合来制造更长的长条体、或是环状体即环(ring)。或者,可以通过将1个长条体的两个端部接合来制造环状体。在专利文献1中公开了通过进行橡胶的交联而将长条体的端部接合的技术。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2013-220581号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
在制造橡胶制的长条体的工序中,优选对长条体的中央部进行加热,而对端部进行冷却以抑制将要连接的端部的交联。然而,在中央部与端部的温度差大的情况下,有可能在长条体中产生变形和/或发粘、发泡等异常。
因此,本发明提供一种能够使将被制造的长条体的温度分布合适的、以橡胶为材料的长条体的加工装置。
用于解决技术问题的手段
本发明的一实施方式的长条体的加工装置具有:成型模具,内部配置有未交联的橡胶材料,至少1个加热单元,对所述成型模具进行加热,以及加压装置,使用由所述加热单元加热了的所述成型模具对所述橡胶材料进行加压,一边进行所述橡胶材料的交联,一边促进基于所述成型模具进行的所述橡胶材料的成型。所述加热单元具有:对所述成型模具的长度方向中央部进行加热的中央加热装置、对所述成型模具的2个长度方向端部进行冷却的多个冷却装置、对所述成型模具的所述长度方向中央部与所述长度方向端部之间的2个中间部进行加热的多个中间加热装置、配置在所述中央加热装置与所述中间加热装置之间的遮热板、以及配置在所述冷却装置与所述中间加热装置之间的遮热板。
在该方式中,关于成型长条体中央部的成型模具的长度方向中央部,由中央加热装置加热。另外,关于成型长条体的端部的成型模具的2个长度方向端部,由多个冷却装置进行冷却。进一步,关于成型模具的长度方向中央部与长度方向端部之间的2个中间部,由与中央加热装置不同的多个中间加热装置加热。在中央加热装置与中间加热装置之间配置有遮热板,在冷却装置与中间加热装置之间也配置有遮热板。因此,能够给成型模具的多个部分、进而给长条体的多个部分带来合适的温度分布,例如,能够一边进行长条体的中央部的橡胶的交联,一边抑制端部的橡胶的交联,同时还能够抑制变形和/或发粘、发泡等长条体的异常。
优选的是,进一步具有控制装置,该控制装置对所述中央加热装置与所述中间加热装置的加热进行控制。在该情况下,能够给成型模具的多个部分、进而给长条体的多个部分带来更合适的温度分布。
本发明的一实施方式的长条体的制造方法是使用上述加工装置制造长条体的方法,该方法具有以下步骤:将所述未交联的橡胶材料配置于所述成型模具的内部;以及一边利用所述加压装置对所述成型模具的内部的所述橡胶材料进行加压,一边由所述橡胶材料成型长条体。成型所述长条体的步骤具有:利用所述中央加热装置对所述成型模具的所述长度方向中央部进行加热从而对所述橡胶材料的长度方向中央部进行加热的步骤;利用被控制成比所述中央加热装置的温度低的温度的所述中间加热装置对所述成型模具的所述中间部进行加热、从而对所述橡胶材料进行加热的步骤;以及利用所述冷却装置对所述成型模具的所述长度方向端部进行冷却从而对所述橡胶材料的长度方向端部进行冷却的步骤。
在该方式中,能够给成型模具的多个部分、进而给长条体的多个部分带来合适的温度分布,例如,能够一边进行长条体的中央部的橡胶的交联,一边抑制端部的橡胶的交联,同时还能够抑制变形和/或发粘、发泡等长条体的异常。
长条体的制造方法也可以进一步具有以下步骤:将通过成型所述长条体的步骤获得的2个节段,以使得一个节段的端部与另一个节段的端部接近的方式,配置于所述成型模具的内部;以及一边利用所述加压装置对所述成型模具的内部的所述节段进行加压,一边将所述节段接合。将所述节段接合的步骤具有:利用所述中央加热装置对所述成型模具的所述长度方向中央部进行加热从而对所述2个节段的端部进行加热的步骤;利用被控制成比所述中央加热装置的温度低的温度的所述中间加热装置对所述成型模具的所述中间部进行加热、从而对所述2个节段进行加热的步骤;以及利用所述冷却装置对所述成型模具的所述长度方向端部进行冷却从而对所述2个节段的长度方向中央部进行冷却的步骤。
在该情况下,对于在节段成型时通过低温抑制了橡胶交联的节段的端部,可在节段接合时利用中央加热装置加热至高温;对于在节段成型时通过高温进行了橡胶交联的节段的长度方向中央部,可在节段接合时利用冷却装置进行冷却。通过这样,能够避免使相同部分反复成为高温,能够抑制橡胶的过度交联。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施方式的长条体的加工装置的局部剖切主视图。
图2是上述加工装置的局部剖切侧视图。
图3是示出上述加工装置的使用方法的一例、并且示出上述加工装置的成型模具的立体图。
图4是示出上述加工装置的使用方法的另一例、并且示出上述成型模具的立体图。
图5是示出上述加工装置的使用方法的一例的侧视图。
图6是示出长条体的制造步骤的例子的概略图。
图7是示出长条体的接合步骤的例子的概略图。
具体实施方式
以下,一边参照附图一边说明本发明的实施方式。附图的比例尺未必准确,存在局部特征夸张或省略的情况。
在以下的说明中,以利用过氧化物交联而成的橡胶材料的加工为例进行说明。在将过氧化物用作交联剂的情况下,会因空气中的氧而妨害过氧化物交联的进行,因而要对橡胶的加工环境进行脱气。但是,以下的说明并非意图对本发明进行限定。本发明也可用于利用其它种类的交联而进行的橡胶的加工,橡胶的加工环境也可不进行脱气。
如图1以及图2所示,实施方式的长条体的加工装置1具有平台(platform)2、成型模具4、罩体6、上方加热单元8、下方加热单元10、加压缸(加压装置)12、脱气泵14、以及升降装置16。
平台2是支承成型模具4以及其它部件的固定台。罩体6相对于平台2以可利用升降装置16进行升降的方式被配置。升降装置16例如是液压缸、气压缸、齿条与齿轮、或者其它驱动装置,用于使罩体6进行升降。
罩体6是在下方具有开口部18的箱形,当被降下时,与平台2协动而划定容纳空间20。脱气泵14对容纳空间20进行减压脱气。
成型模具4为金属模具,如图3所示,具有上模22与下模24。在上模22的下表面,形成有半圆柱形的多个成型沟槽22A,这些成型沟槽22A相互平行地配置。在下模24的上表面,形成有半圆柱形的多个成型沟槽24A,这些成型沟槽24A相互平行地配置。成型沟槽22A分别重合于成型沟槽24A,形成多个圆柱形的成型空间。
另外,在下模24的上表面突出有多个定位销24B。在上模22的下表面形成有供定位销24B嵌入的多个孔(未图示)。将定位销24B插入于多个孔,从而上模22的位置相对于下模24被对齐,成型沟槽22A分别重合于成型沟槽24A。也可以相反地,将定位销24B固定于上模22,将孔形成于下模24。
成型模具4的各成型空间被用于从未交联的橡胶材料27成型出棒即长条体。在各成型沟槽24A中放置添加了作为过氧化物的交联剂的未交联的橡胶材料27,利用成型沟槽22A、24A这一对成型沟槽对橡胶材料27进行成型,制造经加工的长条体28。图3中所示的橡胶材料27是具有近似于要获得的长条体28的形状的棒。但是,橡胶材料27也可以是板,在此情况下,由成型沟槽22A、24A这一对成型沟槽从板而成型出棒即长条体28。
然后,在下模24上重合上模22,将橡胶材料27配置于由成型沟槽22A、24A这一对成型沟槽形成出的成型空间内。利用成型模具4对橡胶材料27施加热和压力,形成进行橡胶的交联并固化了的长条体28。如后所述,在长条体28中,在长度方向中央部进行橡胶的交联,但端部处的橡胶的交联被抑制,交联不充分。
如图4所示,成型模具4的各成型空间也可被用于:将利用上述方法由橡胶形成的2个长条体(节段)28A、28B的端部进行接合,从而形成更长的长条体30。具体而言,在各成型沟槽24A中放置长条体28A、28B。此时,使长条体28A的一个端部与长条体28B的一个端部相互接近(例如接触)。长条体28A、28B的端部为交联不充分的状态。
然后,在下模24上重合上模22,将长条体28A、28B配置于由成型沟槽22A、24A这一对成型沟槽形成的成型空间内。利用成型模具4对长条体28A、28B施加热和压力,进行橡胶的交联从而将长条体28A、28B的端部接合。这样就形成了长条体30。
成型模具4的各成型空间也可被用于:将由橡胶形成出的1个长条体的2个端部接合,从而形成连续的环状体(例如O型环)。通过将上述的说明中的2个长条体28A、28B考虑成1个长条体的两端,将更长的长条体30考虑成环状体,从而本领域技术人员能够理解形成环状体的工序。
从图3以及图4明确可知,由成型沟槽22A、24A这一对成型沟槽形成的各成型空间是两端部开放的圆柱状的空间。在成型模具4的周围有空气的环境中,空气会侵入成型空间内,橡胶材料27以及长条体28A、28B暴露于空气。在本实施方式中,由于利用容易被氧阻碍的过氧化物交联对橡胶进行加工以及接合,因而橡胶材料27以及长条体28A、28B的橡胶的交联的工序是在减压脱气了的环境下实施的。
如图1所示,在平台2的上表面装载下方加热单元10。下方加热单元10具有中央加热板(中央加热装置)32、2个冷却板(冷却装置)34、2个中间加热板(中间加热装置)36、以及4个遮热板38、39。
中央加热板32是例如由金属形成出的板,对成型模具4的长度方向中央部进行加热。中央加热板32的加热原理可以是感应加热,也可以是电阻加热。
各冷却板34是例如由金属形成出的板,对成型模具4的长度方向端部进行冷却。虽然未图示,但在冷却板34的内部形成有供制冷剂(例如水)循环的管路。
各中间加热板36是例如由金属形成出的板,对成型模具4的长度方向中央部与长度方向端部之间的中间部进行加热。中间加热板36的加热原理可以是感应加热,也可以是电阻加热。
在中央加热板32与中间加热板36之间夹设有遮热板38,在中间加热板36与冷却板34之间也夹设有遮热板39。各遮热板为由隔热材料形成的板。
在下方加热单元10之上,下方支承板40以相对于下方加热单元10能够在横向滑动的方式被载置,下模24固定于下方支承板40。
另一方面,上模22被固定于上方支承板41,并与下模24相对置。在上方支承板41的上方配置有加压缸12。
加压缸12例如是液压缸或者气压缸,具有可升降的缸盖(cylinder head)13。在缸盖13的下表面固定有上方加热单元8。
上方加热单元8具有中央加热板(中央加热装置)42、2个冷却板(冷却装置)44、2个中间加热板(中间加热装置)46、以及4个遮热板48、49。
中央加热板42是例如由金属形成出的板,对成型模具4的长度方向中央部进行加热。中央加热板42的加热原理可以是感应加热,也可以是电阻加热。
各冷却板44是例如由金属形成出的板,对成型模具4的长度方向端部进行冷却。虽然未图示,但在冷却板44的内部形成有供制冷剂(例如水)循环的管路。
各中间加热板46是例如由金属形成出的板,对成型模具4的长度方向中央部与长度方向端部之间的中间部进行加热。中间加热板46的加热原理可以是感应加热,也可以是电阻加热。
在中央加热板42与中间加热板46之间夹设有遮热板48,在中间加热板46与冷却板44之间也夹设有遮热板49。各遮热板是由隔热材料形成的板。
在制造长条体28的工序中,中央加热板32、42对橡胶材料27的长度方向中央部进行加热,冷却板34、44对橡胶材料27的长度方向端部进行冷却,中间加热板36、46对橡胶材料27的长度方向中央部与端部的中间部进行加热。另一方面,在将长条体28A、28B接合的工序中,中央加热板32、42对长条体28A、28B的端部进行加热,冷却板34、44对长条体28A、28B的长度方向中央部进行冷却,中间加热板36、46对长条体28A、28B的长度方向中央部与端部的中间部进行加热。
对于中央加热板32、42以及中间加热板36、46的加热,利用控制装置50进行控制。例如,控制装置50对向中央加热板32、42以及中间加热板36、46供给的供给电流或者供给电压进行控制。在制造长条体28的工序以及接合长条体28A、28B的工序中,中央加热板32、42的设定温度例如为170~190℃,中间加热板36、46的设定温度例如为120~140℃。
控制装置50也可对冷却板34、44的冷却进行控制。例如,控制装置50可控制冷却板34、44的制冷剂的流量。在制造长条体28的工序以及接合长条体28A、28B的工序中,冷却板34、44的制冷剂的温度例如为30℃,冷却板34、44的设想温度例如为53℃。
上方支承板41相对于上方加热单元8能够在横向滑动。
当加压缸12的缸盖13降下时,上方加热单元8与上方支承板41的上表面接触,上模22组合于下模24,利用成型模具4对橡胶材料27或者长条体28A、28B进行加压。加热单元8、10对成型模具4进行加热。因此,在制造长条体28的工序中,进行长条体28的长度方向中央部的橡胶的交联,在接合长条体28A、28B的工序中,进行长条体28A、28B的端部的橡胶的交联。这样,在制造长条体28的工序中,加压缸12利用容纳空间20内的加热了的成型模具4对橡胶材料27进行加压,一边进行橡胶的交联并使长条体28的长度方向中央部固化,一边促进基于成型模具4而进行的长条体28A的成型。在接合长条体28A、28B的工序中,加压缸12利用容纳空间20内的加热了的成型模具4对长条体28A、28B进行加压,进行橡胶的交联从而将长条体28A、28B的端部接合。加热单元8、10的中央加热板32、42、冷却板34、44、中间加热板36、46以及遮热板38、39、48、49给成型模具4的多个部分、进而给橡胶材料27以及长条体28A、28B的多个部分带来合适的温度分布。由此,在制造长条体28的工序中,在长条体28的长度方向中央部进行橡胶的交联,而抑制端部的橡胶的交联,与此同时,抑制长条体28的长度方向中央部与端部的温度差过大,抑制长条体28的变形和/或发粘、发泡等异常的发生。另一方面,在接合长条体28A、28B的工序中,可以在长条体28A、28B的要接合的端部进行橡胶的交联,而在除了端部以外的部分不进行橡胶的交联。
为了在上模22与下模24接近时将上方支承板41相对于下方支承板40进行定位,在上方支承板41的下表面固定有定位销即顶出销(knock pin)51,在下方支承板40的上表面固定有圆筒形的顶出销衬套(knock pin bush)52。在上方支承板41降下时,顶出销51被插入于顶出销衬套52的孔中,从而相对于下方支承板40将上方支承板41置于合适位置。也可相反地,将顶出销51固定于下方支承板40,将顶出销衬套52固定于上方支承板41。
另外,在上方支承板41的下表面或者下方支承板40的上表面安装有螺旋弹簧54。当缸盖13上升从而将上方支承板41向下方按压的力被解除时,螺旋弹簧54使上方支承板41从下方支承板40离开,由此使上模22从下模24离开。
加压缸12的缸盖13、上方加热单元8、上方支承板41、上模22、下模24、下方支承板40以及下方加热单元10配置于罩体6的内部空间。即,当罩体6降下时,上述各部分均配置于容纳空间20的内部。利用脱气泵14对容纳空间20进行减压脱气,从而在经减压脱气的环境下实施橡胶材料27以及长条体28A、28B的橡胶的交联的工序。也可将整个加压缸12配置于罩体6的内部空间,也可将加压缸12的致动部分配置于罩体6的外部。
如图5所示,上模22以及上方支承板41可进行90度旋转。因此,上模22以及上方支承板41安装于铰链装置(未图示)。
接着,对使用了加工装置1的长条体28的制造方法以及长条体28A、28B的接合方法进行说明。长条体28A、28B的接合方法可称为更长的长条体30的制造方法。
首先,准备为交联不充分的状态的橡胶材料27。关于作为橡胶材料27的主要原料的主橡胶材料,例如可以是氟橡胶、乙烯-丙烯-二烯橡胶、异戊二烯橡胶、硅橡胶、高饱和丁腈橡胶、丁苯橡胶(styrene butadiene rubber)、氯磺化聚乙烯、丙烯酸类橡胶、聚氨酯橡胶等任意的能够交联的弹性体。这些主橡胶材料也可包含树脂成分。
另外,关于添加于主橡胶材料中的交联剂,在本实施方式中是过氧化物交联剂,例如,可以是1,3-双(叔丁基过氧化异丙基)苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧化)-3-己炔、过氧化二异丙苯(dicumyl peroxide)、2,4-二氯苯甲酰过氧化物、苯甲酰过氧化物、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(苯甲酰基过氧化)己烷、4,4-双(叔丁基过氧化)戊酸正丁酯、叔丁基过氧化苯甲酸酯、二(叔丁基过氧化异丙基)苯、叔丁基枯基过氧化物、2,5-二甲基-2,5-双(叔丁基过氧化)己烷、二叔丁基过氧化物、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(叔丁基过氧化)-3-己炔中的任一个,或者也可以是它们的组合。在主橡胶材料中,也可添加其它添加剂。
接着,如图5所示,在利用升降装置16使罩体6从平台2上升了的状态下,在下模24的各成型沟槽24A中放置准备好的橡胶材料27(参照图3)。在此阶段,如图5的实线所示,使上模22以及上方支承板41为铅直状态。
接着,如图5的假想线所示,使上模22以及上方支承板41为水平状态。然后,驱动升降装置16而使罩体6下降,如图1以及图2所示,利用罩体6与平台2而设置与外界隔断的容纳空间20。
接着,驱动脱气泵14,对容纳空间20的内部进行减压脱气。
接着,通过驱动加压缸12,使缸盖13、上方加热单元8、冷却板9降下。在降下的途中,上方加热单元8接触于上方支承板41,使上方支承板41与上模22开始下降,顶出销51进入顶出销衬套52,相对于下方支承板40将上方支承板41置于合适位置。另外,下模24的定位销24B进入上模22的孔中(参照图3),相对于下模24将上模22置于合适位置。
通过这样,随着缸盖13的降下,上模22被组合于下模24,橡胶材料27配置于由成型沟槽22A、24A这一对成型沟槽形成的成型空间内。利用成型模具4对橡胶材料27施加压力,在橡胶材料27的长度方向中央部利用高的温度进行橡胶的交联,在橡胶材料27的长度方向端部利用低的温度抑制橡胶的交联,从而形成长条体28。但是,利用合适的温度分布,抑制橡胶材料27的长度方向中央部与端部的温度差过大,抑制长条体28的变形和/或发粘、发泡等异常发生。
关于对橡胶材料27施加热的加热单元8、10的加热板32、36、42、46的加热,可在下模24的各成型沟槽24A放置橡胶材料27之前开始(例如,可对加热板32、36、42、46进行预热)。为了适宜地进行过氧化物交联,优选对容纳空间20进行减压脱气,并进行控制使得橡胶材料27的长度方向中央部成为适于进行交联的温度。例如,可在上模22被组合于下模24之后,使加热板32、36、42、46的温度上升。
以预定时间进行对橡胶材料27的加压与加热,预定时间期满后,驱动加压缸12而使缸盖13上升。此时,在螺旋弹簧54的反弹力的作用下,定位销24B从上模22的孔中脱出(参照图3),顶出销51从顶出销衬套52中脱出,上模22从下模24以及长条体28离开。
接着,如图5所示,驱动升降装置16使罩体6上升,从平台2离开。
接着,如图5的实线所示,使上模22以及上方支承板41为铅直状态。然后,将形成的长条体28从下模24取出。
接着,为了容易对长条体28A、28B的端部进行接合,如图4所示,将长条体28A、28B的端部斜向切断。接着,如图5所示,在利用升降装置16使罩体6从平台2上升了的状态下,在下模24的各成型沟槽24A中放置长条体28A、28B(参照图4)。在此阶段,如图5的实线所示,使上模22以及上方支承板41为铅直状态。
接着,如图5的假想线所示,使上模22以及上方支承板41为水平状态。然后,驱动升降装置16使罩体6下降,如图1以及图2所示,利用罩体6与平台2设置与外界隔断的容纳空间20。
接着,驱动脱气泵14,对容纳空间20的内部进行减压脱气。
接着,驱动加压缸12,使得缸盖13、上方加热单元8、冷却板9降下。在降下的途中,上方加热单元8接触于上方支承板41,使上方支承板41与上模22开始降下,顶出销51进入顶出销衬套52,相对于下方支承板40将上方支承板41置于合适位置。另外,下模24的定位销24B进入上模22的孔(参照图4),相对于下模24将上模22置于合适位置。
通过这样,随着缸盖13的降下,上模22被组合于下模24,长条体28A、28B配置于由成型沟槽22A、24A这一对成型沟槽形成出的成型空间内。利用成型模具4对长条体28A、28B施加压力,在长条体28A、28B的长度方向端部利用高的温度进行橡胶的交联而接合长条体28A、28B,形成更长的长条体30。另一方面,在长条体28A、28B的长度方向中央部利用低的温度抑制橡胶的交联。
关于对长条体28A、28B施加热的加热单元8、10的加热板32、36、42、46的加热,可在下模24的各成型沟槽24A中放置长条体28A、28B之前开始(例如,可对加热板32、36、42、46进行预热)。为了适宜地执行过氧化物交联,优选将容纳空间20进行减压脱气,并进行控制使得长条体28A、28B的端部成为适于进行交联的温度。例如,可在下模24组合了上模22之后,使加热板32、36、42、46的温度上升。
以预定时间进行对长条体28A、28B的加压与加热,预定时间期满后,驱动加压缸12使缸盖13上升。此时,在螺旋弹簧54的反弹力的作用下,定位销24B从上模22的孔中脱出(参照图4),顶出销51从顶出销衬套52中脱出,上模22从下模24以及长条体30离开。
接着,如图5所示,驱动升降装置16使罩体6上升而从平台2离开。
接着,如图5的实线所示,使上模22以及上方支承板41为铅直状态。此后,将形成的长条体30从下模24取出。
图6是示出长条体28的制造步骤的例子的概略图。在图6中,仅仅示出长条体的加工装置1的一部分。
按照上述的制造方法,可由橡胶材料27制造两个端部是未交联状态并且长度方向中央部为交联状态的长条体28。在该工序中,由于在橡胶材料27的长度方向中央部利用高温而进行交联,所以长条体28的长度方向中央部固化;由于在橡胶材料27的长度方向端部利用低温而不进行交联,所以在长条体28的长度方向端部交联不充分。接着,为了容易将长条体28的端部接合,如图4所示,将长条体28的端部倾向切断。
图7是示出长条体的接合步骤的例子的概略图。在图7中,仅仅示出长条体的加工装置1的一部分。
首先,按照上述的接合方法,如图7的上部所示,将2个长条体28A、28B的端部接合,形成更长的长条体30。在该工序中,由于在长条体28A、28B的要接合的端部进行交联,所以长条体28A、28B的长度方向端部被接合;由于在长条体28A、28B的长度方向中央部利用低温而不进行交联,所以能够抑制过量的交联。在长条体28A、28B的长度方向中央部,在长条体28的制造工序中已经利用高温进行了交联,若将此部分再次加热,则该部分的交联会过度进行。橡胶的过度交联有时会招致固化和/或变形这样的不良情况,不优选。
接着,在上模22从下模24已离开的状态下,将长条体30相对于成型模具4在成型模具4的长度方向上移动。然后,如图7的下部所示,使其它长条体28C的端部接近(例如接触)长条体30的端部,按照上述的接合方法,将2个长条体28C、30的端部接合,形成更长的长条体。
这样一来,能够形成由3个长条体构成的长条体。以下,将成为材料的长条体(例如,长条体28A、28B、28C)称为节段,将通过接合而形成的更长的长条体(例如,长条体30)称为组合。通过反复进行这样的工序,也可形成由4个以上的节段构成的组合。虽然未图示,但是也可将由多个节段构成的1个组合的2个端部接合从而形成连续的环状体。
应当将节段的要接合的端部维持于合适的高温,应当将端部以外的部分维持于合适的低温。
在本实施方式中,关于成型模具4的长度方向中央部4A,利用中央加热板32、42进行加热。关于成型模具4的长度方向中央部4A,在长条体28的制造工序中一边对长条体28的长度方向中央部加热一边成型,在长条体28A、28B的接合工序中一边对长条体28A、28B的端部加热一边接合。另外,关于成型模具4的2个长度方向端部4B,利用多个冷却板34、44进行冷却。关于成型模具4的2个长度方向端部4B,在长条体28的制造工序中一边对长条体28的长度方向端部冷却一边成型,在长条体28A、28B的接合工序中对长条体28A、28B的长度方向中央部进行冷却。此外,关于成型模具4的长度方向中央部4A与长度方向端部4B之间的2个中间部4C,利用与中央加热板32、42不同的多个中间加热板36、46,以低于中央加热板32、42的温度进行加热。
在上方加热单元8中,在中央加热板42与中间加热板46之间配置有遮热板48,在冷却板44与中间加热板46之间也配置有遮热板49。在下方加热单元10中,在中央加热板32与中间加热板36之间配置有遮热板38,在冷却板34与中间加热板36之间也配置有遮热板39。因此,可给成型模具4的多个部分,进而给长条体的多个部分带来合适的温度分布。
为了给成型模具4的多个部分、进而给长条体的多个部分带来合适的温度分布,由控制装置50控制中央加热板32、42以及中间加热板36、46的加热。冷却板34、44的冷却也可由控制装置50控制。
优选的是,在加热单元8、10的各自的长度方向上,实现温度从中央朝向端部阶段式地变低的温度分布。例如,在将中央加热板32、42的温度设定为180℃,将中间加热板36、46的温度设定为130℃,将冷却板34、44的制冷剂的温度设定为30℃的情况下,中央加热板32、42与遮热板38、48的边界的温度成为162℃,遮热板38、48与中间加热板36、46的边界的温度成为144℃,中间加热板36、46与遮热板39、49的边界的温度成为105℃,遮热板39、49与冷却板34、44的边界的温度成为85℃,冷却板34、44的温度成为53℃。在本实施方式中,利用中间加热板36、46以及遮热板38、48、39、49实现了优选的阶段式温度分布,而且优选的阶段式温度分布得到稳定地维持。
以上,一边参照本发明的优选实施方式一边图示地说明了本发明,但对于本领域技术人员而言能够理解的是,在不脱离权利要求书记载的发明的范围的情况下能够对形式以及详细内容进行变更。这样的变更、改变以及修正应当包包含在本发明的范围内。
例如,上述的实施方式中,利用过氧化物交联将橡胶材料进行交联。然而,交联的方式不限定于此,也可利用硫交联、双马来酰亚胺交联、醌型交联(quinoidcrosslinking)、酚醛树脂交联、偶氮交联、双叠氮交联(bisazido crosslinking)、环氧交联、双极性化合物交联、胺交联、或者其它的交联。在无论是否存在空气均进行的交联方式的情况下,也可不对橡胶的加工环境进行脱气。
上述的实施方式中,制造了截面为圆形的长条体28,并将截面为圆形的长条体28A、28B的端部接合来制造长条体30。然而,也可制造截面为D形的长条体,也可将截面为D形的长条体的端部接合,也可最终制造出连续的D型环。也可制造截面为X形的长条体,也可将截面为X形的长条体的两个端部接合,也可最终制造连续的X形环。也可制造以及接合其它截面形状的长条体。
在上述的实施方式中,成型模具4具有由多个成型沟槽22A、24A构成的多个成型空间,能够一次性地制造多个长条体或者环状体。然而,也可使用具有1个成型空间的成型模具,一次仅制造1个长条体或者环状体。
在上述的实施方式中,加热单元8、10具有均匀的厚度。然而,也可为了带来合适的温度分布,使加热单元8、10的局部厚度不同。
在上述的实施方式中,加热单元8、10各自具有2个中间加热板。然而,也可在各加热单元设置更多的中间加热板,并且可在这些中间加热板之间设置遮热板。
在上述的实施方式中,关于加热装置,作为中央加热板32、42以及中间加热板36、46,具有板的形状。另外,关于冷却装置,作为冷却板34、44,具有板的形状。然而,关于它们的全部或者一部分,例如也可具有管路等其它形状。
在上述的实施方式中,长条体的加工装置1具有上方加热单元8与下方加热单元10,各加热单元具有中央加热装置、冷却装置、中间加热装置以及遮热板。然而,也可不设置上方加热单元8与下方加热单元10中的一方。另外,也可使一方的加热单元具有中央加热装置、冷却装置、中间加热装置以及遮热板,而另一方的加热单元具有与此不同的要素。
附图标记说明
1 长条体的加工装置
4 成型模具
4A 长度方向中央部
4B 长度方向端部
4C 中间部
8 上方加热单元
10 下方加热单元
12 加压缸(加压装置)
22 上模
24 下模
27 橡胶材料
28、28A、28B 长条体
30 长条体
32、42 中央加热板(中央加热装置)
34、44 冷却板(冷却装置)
36、46 中间加热板(中间加热装置)
38、39、48、49 遮热板
50 控制装置

Claims (4)

1.一种长条体的加工装置,其特征在于,具有:
成型模具,具有多个用于分别成型多个长条体的成型空间,在各成型空间的内部将作为所述长条体的材料的未交联的橡胶材料配置于内部,
至少1个加热单元,对所述成型模具进行加热,以及
加压装置,使用由所述加热单元加热了的所述成型模具对所述橡胶材料进行加压,一边进行所述橡胶材料的交联,一边促进利用所述成型模具进行的所述橡胶材料的成型;
所述加热单元具有:
对所述成型模具的长度方向中央部进行加热的中央加热装置、对所述成型模具的2个长度方向端部进行冷却的多个冷却装置、对所述成型模具的所述长度方向中央部与所述长度方向端部之间的2个中间部进行加热的多个中间加热装置、配置在所述中央加热装置与所述中间加热装置之间的遮热板、以及配置在所述冷却装置与所述中间加热装置之间的遮热板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的长条体的加工装置,其特征在于,进一步具有控制装置,所述控制装置对所述中央加热装置和所述中间加热装置的加热进行控制。
3.一种长条体的制造方法,其特征在于,是使用权利要求1或2所述的加工装置制造长条体的方法,所述方法具有以下步骤:
在各成型空间的内部将作为所述长条体的材料的所述未交联的橡胶材料配置于所述成型模具的内部;以及
一边利用所述加压装置对所述成型模具的内部的所述橡胶材料进行加压,一边由所述橡胶材料成型长条体,
成型所述长条体的步骤具有:
利用所述中央加热装置对所述成型模具的所述长度方向中央部进行加热从而对所述橡胶材料的长度方向中央部进行加热的步骤;
利用被控制成比所述中央加热装置的温度低的温度的所述中间加热装置对所述成型模具的所述中间部进行加热、从而对所述橡胶材料进行加热的步骤;以及
利用所述冷却装置对所述成型模具的所述长度方向端部进行冷却从而对所述橡胶材料的长度方向端部进行冷却的步骤。
4.根据权利要求3所述的长条体的制造方法,其特征在于,进一步具有以下步骤:
将通过成型所述长条体的步骤获得的一对节段,以使得一个节段的端部与另一个节段的端部接近的方式,配置于所述成型模具的各成型空间的内部;以及
一边利用所述加压装置对所述成型模具的内部的所述节段进行加压,一边将所述节段接合;
将所述节段接合的步骤具有:
利用所述中央加热装置对所述成型模具的所述长度方向中央部进行加热从而对多对节段的端部进行加热的步骤;
利用被控制成比所述中央加热装置的温度低的温度的所述中间加热装置对所述成型模具的所述中间部进行加热、从而对所述多对节段进行加热的步骤;以及
利用所述冷却装置对所述成型模具的所述长度方向端部进行冷却从而对所述多对节段的长度方向中央部进行冷却的步骤。
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