CN111418555B - Wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge collecting and releasing device and collecting and releasing technology - Google Patents
Wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge collecting and releasing device and collecting and releasing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111418555B CN111418555B CN202010230297.6A CN202010230297A CN111418555B CN 111418555 B CN111418555 B CN 111418555B CN 202010230297 A CN202010230297 A CN 202010230297A CN 111418555 B CN111418555 B CN 111418555B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water bamboo rust fungus gall midge collecting and releasing device, which comprises a pupa collecting device and a releasing device, wherein the pupa collecting device and the releasing device both comprise transparent corrugated plastic PP plates; the releasing device also comprises an accommodating box, a cover body, an isolating gauze and a moisturizing gauze. The collecting and releasing device and the method are extremely efficient, simple and convenient, simple to operate, labor-saving and time-saving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect feeding, and particularly relates to a device and a technology for collecting and releasing wild rice stem rust gall midge.
Background
The wild rice shoots, namely the wild rice shoots, the wild rice melons and the wild rice heads belong to gramineae perennial shallow water herbaceous plants and are one of the special and important aquatic vegetables in China. Because of the rich nutritive value and higher economic benefit, the water bamboo is popular with consumers and farmers. The vegetables are planted in Zhejiang river and Taihu lake watershed mostly. In recent years, due to the influences of factors such as large-area planting of the water bamboo (particularly continuous expansion of the cultivation area of the water bamboo in a greenhouse), climate change and the like, the problem of water bamboo diseases is prominent, particularly, the rust of the water bamboo is the most common and increasingly serious, so that great economic loss is caused. At present, chemical bactericides are mainly applied to preventing and treating the rust disease of the water bamboo, but the long-term abuse of the chemical bactericides can obviously reduce the preventing and treating effect of the rust disease of the water bamboo, the water bamboo stem-forming rate is obviously reduced, even the water bamboo does not form the water bamboo, and the healthy and stable development of the water bamboo industry is seriously influenced.
Zizania latifolia rust gall midge: (Mycodiplosissp.) genus of Diptera order, gall midicidae family, completely abnormal insects. The larva takes and eats the rust fungus prunella of the leaf of the wild rice stem. The mature larva mainly forms white thin cocoon-shaped pupa on the back of the leaf. Eclosion of adults lay eggs near the summer sporophyte. Because the wild rice stem rust gall midge is a natural enemy of the rust of the wild rice stem, the rust is controlled by artificially propagating the rust gall midge and releasing the rust midge to the field, the method is one of important measures for changing the current treatment mode mainly based on chemical pesticide control, and has very important practical significance. Therefore, the disease is treated by' treating with insectsBiological control, namely manually releasing the rust gall midge of the wild rice stem in the field to control the rust disease of the wild rice stem, becomes one of important measures of a green control technology of major diseases and pests of the wild rice stem.
Although the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge has high potential utilization value in the aspect of biological control of the wild rice stem rust disease, the feeding, batch propagation and release of the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge are the basis of natural biological control. However, the use of rust gall midges in biological control is not open to morphological, biological, physiological and biochemical studies, but the development of these studies is smooth and requires a consistent progression of larval development (including pest status, age, size, health, sensitivity, etc.). Meanwhile, ecological tests (pupation rate, eclosion rate and the like), biochemical tests and field demonstration applications all need a large amount of gall mosquito pupae. To meet such requirements and ensure the accuracy of research results, large-scale artificial feeding is necessary. However, at present, no relevant data and reports of wild rice stem rust gall midge feeding and pupa collection are found.
In order to fully develop the biocontrol efficiency of the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midges and ensure the effectiveness, timeliness and pertinence of biological control, an efficient and simple wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge release technology must be perfected so that the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midges emerge at a proper time and the aim of effectively controlling the rust disease of the wild rice stem is fulfilled. Under natural conditions, a large number of natural enemies of the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge, such as spiders, parasitic bees, stinkbugs, pathogenic fungi and the like, seriously affect the rust fungus gall midge number; meanwhile, the dryness degree of the leaves of the wild rice shoots directly influences the moisturizing effect of pupae. The emergence rate of the wild rice stem rust gall midge imagoes is low due to the factors, and the control effect of the gall midge on the wild rice stem rust is seriously influenced. Under natural conditions, external factors (such as complex weather conditions including typhoon, rainstorm, sunshine insolation and the like) are the bottleneck of death in the pupation and emergence processes of the rust fungus gall midges of the wild rice stems, a large amount of the rust fungus gall midges of the wild rice stems die before emerging, and the biocontrol effect is obviously reduced. Therefore, a novel method for artificially releasing the wild rice stem rust gall midge in the field is urgently needed to be developed, and the dilemma of mass death in the pupation and emergence process of the wild rice stem rust gall midge is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a device and a technology for collecting and releasing the rust fungus gall midge of wild rice stem.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the device for collecting and releasing the gall midge of the wild rice stem rust fungi is characterized by comprising a pupa collecting device and a releasing device, wherein the pupa collecting device and the releasing device both comprise transparent corrugated plastic PP plates;
the pupa collecting device also comprises a transparent plastic box body, a box cover arranged above the box body, moisturizing gauze laid at the bottom of the box body, and a transparent corrugated plastic PP plate arranged in the internal space of the box body and used for collecting pupas, wherein the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is detachably connected with the inner wall of the box body through a connecting component;
the release gear includes the box that holds that is used for holding a plurality of transparent corrugated plastic PP boards that have water bamboo rust fungus goiter mosquito pupa, one side hinge set up at the lid that holds the box top, cover the isolation gauze that holds on box top end opening, lay in the gauze of moisturizing that holds the box bottom.
A release is collected to wild rice stem rust fungus cecidomyiia, its characterized in that coupling assembling includes that the triangle puts thing board and sucking disc, the sucking disc is put the thing board with the triangle and is passed through the screw fixation, the sucking disc adsorbs on the box body inner wall, four angles of transparent corrugated plastics PP board are placed the triangle respectively and are put on the thing board.
The device is characterized in that at least one layer of transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is arranged in the box body, and the meshes of the isolating gauze are 10 meshes.
A release is collected to wild rice stem rust fungus cecidomyiia, its characterized in that the integral type correspondence is provided with the draw-in groove that is used for transparent corrugated plastics PP board installation on the inner wall around holding the box, the homogeneous style is provided with the bleeder vent on the lid of box body and the box wall that holds the box, sets up still to have the biomembrane built-in on holding the bleeder vent on the box wall.
A release gear is collected to wild rice stem rust fungus cecidomyiia, its characterized in that it is provided with the suspension piece to hold box distance upper end opening 1/3 position department, be provided with circular couple hole on the suspension piece.
The collecting and releasing technology of the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge collecting and releasing device is characterized in that the collecting and releasing technology comprises a rust fungus gall midge larva feeding and pupa collecting method and a rust fungus gall midge adult field releasing method;
the rust fungus gall midge larva feeding and pupa collecting method comprises the following steps:
1) spreading moisture-keeping gauze on the bottom of the box body, placing zizania latifolia leaves attached with rust cecidomyiia larvae near the summer spore pile on the gauze, placing 5 zizania latifolia leaves in each box body, allowing the rust cecidomyiia larvae to naturally eat, and observing the eating condition every day;
2) when the number of spore piles on the wild rice stem leaves is small and rust gall midge larvae begin to climb to the insect-breeding box wall, the wild rice stem leaves infected with the rust disease of the wild rice stem are put in time;
3) when the larvae grow to be mature, preparing another box body, sequentially placing moisturizing filter paper and the water bamboo leaves with rust in the box body, fixing a transparent plastic corrugated PP plate through a sucking disc and a triangular object placing plate, selecting the mature larvae, placing the mature larvae on the transparent plastic corrugated PP plate, covering a box cover, placing the box body in a climatic chamber to enable the mature larvae to pupate, and finishing the work of feeding the mature larvae and collecting the pupae;
the rust fungus gall midge imago field release method comprises the following steps:
placing the transparent plastic corrugated PP plate loaded with pupation on the transparent plastic corrugated PP plate in the containing box in sequence, covering the isolation gauze at the opening end after the completion of placing, covering the cover body, carrying the containing box to the field to be released, opening the cover body at an angle of 40 degrees, and hanging the containing box at the upper position in the water bamboo leaf sheath through the S-shaped hook.
The collecting and releasing technology of the device for collecting and releasing the rust fungus gall midge of wild rice stem is characterized in that the interior of the climate box is divided into three layers, the interlayer spacing is 40cm, the left side and the right side of the inner side of the climate box are respectively provided with 3 40-watt fluorescent tubes in parallel, a timer control switch is connected, the layers are separated by stainless steel partition plates, and a box body is placed on each partition plate for feeding; the raising conditions are that the temperature is controlled to be 28 +/-2 ℃ by an air conditioner indoors, and the photoperiod is 14: 10 h and relative humidity of 70-80%.
The collecting and releasing technology of the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge collecting and releasing device is characterized in that the field releasing period is the early disease stage of the wild rice stem rust disease.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the method for collecting the wild rice stem rust gall mosquito pupae is extremely high-efficiency, simple and convenient, simple to operate, labor-saving and time-saving; 1 transparent corrugated plastic PP plate can contain 80 or more pupas 1 time, and when the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is released in the field, the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate loaded with the pupas is placed in an accommodating box, and the accommodating box is hung on the wild rice stem leaves; picking pupae along the edge of the thin cocoon when taking pupae in the experiment;
2) the above-mentioned mode of placing of moisturizing filter paper, moisturizing cotton, water bamboo leaf and transparent corrugated plastic PP board on the one hand can keep the required humidity of microenvironment in the transparent corrugated plastic PP board, is unlikely to again to the overwet and leads to pupa "drowning"; on the other hand, the aged and mature larvae of the wild rice stem rust gall midge can smoothly and freely climb to the folds of the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate for cocooning and pupating. In a natural state, the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge pupates longitudinally along veins on the back surface of the wild rice stem leaf, and the pupation place has more grains, is uniformly distributed in parallel and has proper humidity and good air permeability. However, under indoor conditions, the leaves of the wild rice stem are easy to wither, curl or mildew due to shearing, so that the wild rice stem rust gall midge larvae are easy to have poor nutrition and infect germs to die; the feeding is influenced by small environment humidity, a large amount of pupae die or dehydrate after drowning, and the effective pupae quantity is obviously reduced. The medium, temperature and humidity are main factors influencing the pupation progress of the larvae. Under the condition of proper indoor temperature, the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate has the isolating effect, so that over-wetting is avoided, and uniform wrinkles are provided, so that the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate becomes a good pupation place; meanwhile, compared with a paper product with folded filter paper, zizania latifolia leaves and gauze, the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is cleaner, has more and uniform folds and has good light reflection performance. The factors enable most of the old-age larvae of the wild rice stem rust gall midge to selectively pupate at the folds of the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate;
3) because of the transparency of the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate, potential damage caused by blind pupa finding is avoided. Therefore, the mechanical damage degree caused in the pupa collecting process is greatly reduced. The higher survival rate and the higher emergence uniformity of the rust gall midge pupae are ensured, and the application precision and accuracy of the rust gall midge are guaranteed;
4) the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is convenient to clean and can be recycled. Therefore, the method not only can save materials, but also greatly improves the efficiency of collecting the pupae and is convenient to operate. In addition, the arrangement mode of the storage plates at the four corners of the box body greatly saves space, so that a large number of pupas can be accommodated in a limited container;
5) carry out research and design to the in-service use demand, transparent corrugated plastic PP board is whole unsettled, and gas permeability and ventilation effect are good, can keep the required humidity of transparent corrugated plastic PP board microenvironment, also can observe the growth condition of wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge, can guarantee again that wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge climbs out "spacious" hold the box smoothly freely to avoid unnecessary mechanical injury and death, improve the survival rate of wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge. The release method is simple and efficient. The transparent corrugated plastic PP plate and the accommodating box are very light and waterproof and can be repeatedly utilized, so that not only can materials be saved, but also the cost is reduced, and the efficiency of releasing gall midges is greatly improved. The isolation gauze can effectively prevent harmful organisms such as spiders and the like from entering the containing box and eating gall midge inside. Meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the accommodating box cover is favorable for shading the rust gall midge of the wild rice stem, rainwater is prevented from entering the box cover, the stability is good, and the success rate of releasing the rust gall midge is effectively enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cartridge;
FIG. 2 is a structural view of the box body with a transparent corrugated plastic PP plate;
FIG. 3 is a structural view of a transparent corrugated plastic PP sheet;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the accommodation box;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the installation of an isolation gauze into the containment box;
in the figure, 1-transparent corrugated plastic PP plate, 2-box body, 3-box cover, 4-moisturizing gauze, 5-containing box, 6-cover body, 7-isolation gauze, 8-triangular object placing plate, 9-air vent, 10-hanging piece and 11-hook hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and specific embodiments are given.
Example 1
The device for collecting the pupae specifically comprises a box cover with a transparent plastic box body arranged above the box body, a moisturizing gauze laid at the bottom of the box body, and a transparent corrugated plastic PP plate arranged in the internal space of the box body and used for collecting the pupae, wherein the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is detachably connected with the inner wall of the box body through a connecting component; this coupling assembling includes that the triangle puts thing board and sucking disc, and the sucking disc passes through the screw fixation with the triangle thing board of putting, and the sucking disc adsorbs on the box body inner wall, and on the triangle put the thing board, the integral type was provided with the bleeder vent on the lid were placed respectively to four angles of transparent corrugated plastic PP board.
The method for breeding the wild rice stem rust gall midge larvae comprises the following steps:
as shown in figure 1, moisturizing gauze is laid at the bottom of the box body for raising the wild rice stem rust-removing midge, wild rice stem leaves attached with rust-removing midge larvae near the summer sporophyte are placed on the gauze, 5 wild rice stem leaves are placed in each insect raising box to allow the rust-removing midge larvae to naturally take food, and the food taking condition is observed every day. When the number of spore piles on the wild rice stem leaves is small and rust gall midge larvae begin to climb to the box wall of the insect breeding box, the wild rice stem leaves infected with the rust disease of the wild rice stem are put in time. When the larvae grow to be mature, picking the mature larvae and putting the mature larvae into a box body which is sequentially filled with moisturizing filter paper, rusty wild rice stems and transparent corrugated plastic PP plates, putting about 80 larvae on each transparent corrugated plastic PP plate, covering a box cover, putting the box cover in a climatic box for feeding, wherein the climatic box is divided into three layers, the interlayer spacing is 40.00 cm, 3 40-watt fluorescent tubes are respectively arranged in parallel on the left side and the right side of the inner side of the climatic box, and a timer control switch is connected. The layers are separated by stainless steel clapboards, and the clapboards are used for placing larva box bodies.
The larva breeding conditions are as follows: the indoor temperature is controlled by an air conditioner to be 28 +/-2 ℃, and the photoperiod is 14: 10 h and relative humidity of about 75 percent.
The method for collecting the wild rice stem rust gall mosquito pupae comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 2-3, a layer of wet gauze is placed in the transparent square plastic box, and 2 to 3 pieces of wild rice shoots infected with wild rice shoots rust disease are placed on the gauze. Four corners of the box body at the height of 2.5 cm and 4.0 cm away from the bottom of the box are respectively fixed with a mini-triangular object placing plate through small suckers. And a transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is placed on each storage plate. And (3) picking the aged larvae to transparent corrugated plastic PP plates, wherein each transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is connected with about 80 insects. And covering the box cover, and placing the box cover in a climatic chamber to pupate the aged larvae.
The pupa-removing agent is used for releasing and feeding next generation pupae in the field, and the pupated transparent corrugated plastic PP plate can be directly stored for later use. And uniformly putting all collected pupa-carrying transparent corrugated plastic PP plates into a storage box, and putting wet cotton balls for moisturizing to treat eclosion. Pupae required by part of experiments can be carried out according to the following steps:
1) a layer of moisturizing filter paper is laid in the white magnetic disk; removing the insect-culturing box cover, carefully taking out the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate on the object placing plate by hand, and placing the object placing plate in a white porcelain dish;
2) and observing pupation conditions and positioning the position of the pupae. Some pupae are positioned on the front side of the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate, and some pupae are positioned on the back side. Therefore, according to different positions of the pupae, the thin cocoons are carefully and gradually uncovered from one side by using the tweezers, so that the attaching surfaces of the pupae and the thin cocoons are separated;
3) and (4) picking the pupae into a sterile centrifuge tube by using a brush pen for storage.
Example 2
A device for field release specifically includes the box that holds that is used for holding a plurality of transparent corrugated plastic PP boards that have water bamboo rust cecidomy mosquito pupa, one side hinge set up hold the lid at box top, cover hold box top end opening on mesh be 10 mesh isolation gauze, lay in hold the gauze of moisturizing at the bottom of the box. The integrated type correspondence is provided with the draw-in groove that is used for the installation of transparent corrugated plastics PP board on the inner wall around holding the box, and the homogeneous style is provided with the bleeder vent on holding the box wall of box, still embeds on the bleeder vent has the biomembrane, for conveniently hanging, holds the box and is provided with the piece of hanging apart from upper end opening 1/3 position department, is provided with circular couple hole on the piece of hanging. The isolation gauze is made of polyester materials, is not easy to wrinkle, is stiff and smooth, has good dimensional stability and can be well conformal; the setting of biomembrane ensures that the gas permeability that is used for increasing in the transportation and holds the chamber box body and improves the moisturizing, hangs the setting of piece, is convenient for utilize S-shaped couple to hang holding the box and hanging in water bamboo leaf sheath.
The method comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out a test for releasing the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge in the field by utilizing the collected wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge pupa and a release device:
1) the design of the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge release device:
in order to effectively avoid the influence of sunlight and rainwater on the survival and eclosion of the wild rice stem rust gall mosquito pupa, the designed wild rice stem rust gall mosquito release container comprises two parts: firstly, a rectangular cover and a rectangular containing box are directly connected at one side as shown in figure 4, the bottom of the cover and the containing box form an angle of 40 degrees, so that rainwater can be prevented from entering, and cecidomyiia adults can fly to the wild rice stems to lay eggs smoothly; both the lid and the container are made of transparent, degradable plastic sheets. The top end of the containing box body is covered by a terylene isolation gauze with 10 meshes, the length of the effective cecidomyiia carrying part is 15.0 cm, the width is 7.0 cm, and the cecidomyiidae source scattering phenomenon in strong wind can be effectively avoided. ② hanging the material. The whole accommodating box body is hung at the middle upper part of the cane shoot leaf sheath through a hook. The moisture-preserving gauze paved at the bottom of the accommodating box can play a good moisture-preserving effect and can also ensure that the whole gravity center of the box body moves down and is stable.
2) Field release technology
Preparing the wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge: collecting the rust fungus gall midge larvae of the Chongxian Zizania latifolia in Hangzhou region of Zhejiang province, breeding the larvae indoors to mature larvae, collecting the mature larvae and pupating the mature larvae for later use.
The field arrangement method of the release device comprises the following steps: when the water bamboo field is used, the accommodating box carrying the gall mosquito pupae is opened to form an angle of 40 degrees and is fixed by the fixing rod, and the accommodating box is hung at the middle upper part of the water bamboo leaf sheath. The quantity of containers for releasing the rust gall of the wild rice stem per field depends on the area of the field, and the release quantity is determined according to the occurrence degree of the rust of the wild rice stem.
The release period is as follows: the accommodating box for the wild rice stem rust gall midge is hung when rust disease occurs.
Test example: test of site and pupation rate of wild rice stem rust gall midge
Test time: 1/7/2019 to 31/10/2019
Test site: aquatic vegetable pest prevention and control laboratory of Zhejiang academy of agricultural sciences plant protection and microorganism research institute
The number of the tested insects is as follows: 1500 heads.
The method for collecting the fed larvae and pupae comprises the following steps: the method is carried out.
And (3) test results: the vast majority of the wild rice stem rust gall midge pupae collected by the method pupate on the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate, wherein the pupation rate of the wild rice stem rust midge larvae on the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate is 91.11-97.78%, and the average pupation rate is 95.78%; the pupation rates of the controls were in order: 6.67% -20.00% (gauze), 26.67% -53.33% (zizania latifolia leaf) and 20.00% -40.00% (folding filter paper), see table 1. The mortality rate caused by collecting pupa by the method (transparent corrugated plastic PP plate) is lower, only 0.7 percent, and the eclosion rate of the formed insects is as high as 99.3 percent; the control had a higher mortality rate of 2.92% to 35.29%, see table 2. Therefore, the method achieves the purposes of large-scale subculture and annual supply of the standard insect source of the wild rice stem rust gall midge.
The method has the following advantages: (1) high efficiency: the aged wild rice stem rust gall midge larvae pupate in a limited space, so that a large amount of time consumed for searching pupae is reduced; (2) the method is simple and convenient: the equipment and materials required for collecting the pupae are very simple, and the corrugated plastic pp plate can be recycled, so that the operation is very convenient; (3) the damage is small: because the corrugated plate is transparent, the position of the pupa can be accurately positioned before the pupa is collected, and the artificial mechanical damage to the pupa caused by blind pupa peeling and pupa finding is avoided. Experiments also show that the invention provides a clean place from prepupation to pupation, avoids the infection frequency of pathogenic bacteria to a certain extent and meets the practical requirement.
Table 1: test results of pupation number and pupation rate of aged Zizania latifolia gall midge larva (450 heads) (72 h)
Table 2, the experimental group and the control group of the patent show the mortality and eclosion rate of the Zizania latifolia rust gall midge pupae
Field test for preventing and treating rust disease of wild rice stem by using wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge
Releasing the bee source: is derived from the transparent corrugated plastic pp plate Zizania latifolia rust gall mosquito pupae obtained in the embodiment 1 of the invention.
Releasing device: the experimental device is the device adopting the description of the invention and the devices of figures 3, 4 and 5.
And (3) test treatment: the test water bamboo variety is 'Longzizania aquatica No. 2', rust gall midge is released in two batches at the early stage of disease occurrence, and each batch is 5 ten thousand heads/667 m2The density of (2) releases gall mosquito pupae, and 2 ten thousand heads are released. In the disease onset stable period, the disease index of rust disease of the three-leaf blade of the wild rice shoot plant is investigated at fixed points, 50 leaves are investigated in the treatment group and the control group respectively, and the rust disease index reduction rate is counted. Rust preventive bactericide was not applied during the test.
The prevention and treatment effect is as follows: rust means a reduction of 24.71% compared to CK, investigated in the rust stationary phase (table 3). The fact that the rust fungus gall midge is released in the early stage of the disease shows that the control effect on the rust disease of the wild rice stem is good.
Table 3 field test results of Zizania latifolia rust release gall midge for preventing and treating Zizania latifolia rust disease
Claims (7)
1. A wild rice stem rust fungus gall midge collecting and releasing device is characterized by comprising a pupa collecting device and a releasing device, wherein the pupa collecting device and the releasing device both comprise transparent corrugated plastic PP plates (1);
the pupa collecting device further comprises a transparent plastic box body (2), a box cover (3) arranged above the box body (2), a moisturizing gauze (4) laid at the bottom of the box body (2), and a transparent corrugated plastic PP plate (1) arranged in the inner space of the box body (2) and used for collecting pupas, wherein the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate (1) is detachably connected with the inner wall of the box body (2) through a connecting assembly;
the releasing device comprises a containing box (5) for containing a plurality of transparent corrugated plastic PP plates (1) with water bamboo rust gall mosquito pupae, a cover body (6) with one side hinged to the top of the containing box (5), an isolation gauze (7) covering an opening at the top end of the containing box (5), and a moisturizing gauze laid at the bottom of the containing box (5);
the collecting and releasing method of the wild rice stem rust gall midge collecting and releasing device comprises a rust gall midge larva feeding and pupa collecting method and a rust gall midge adult field releasing method,
the rust fungus gall midge larva feeding and pupa collecting method comprises the following steps:
1) a piece of moisturizing gauze (4) is laid at the bottom of the box body (2), cane shoot leaves attached with rust fungus gall midge larvae near the summer sporophyte are placed on the gauze, 5 cane shoot leaves are placed in each box body to allow the rust fungus gall midge larvae to naturally eat, and the eating condition is observed every day;
2) when the number of spore piles on the wild rice stem leaves is small and rust gall midge larvae begin to climb to the insect-breeding box wall, the wild rice stem leaves infected with the rust disease of the wild rice stem are put in time;
3) when the larvae grow to be mature, preparing another box body (2), sequentially placing moisturizing filter paper and the water bamboo leaves with rust in the box body (2), fixing a transparent plastic corrugated PP plate (1) through a sucking disc and a triangular object placing plate (8), picking the mature larvae, placing the mature larvae on the transparent plastic corrugated PP plate (1), covering a box cover (3), placing the box body (2) in a climatic chamber to enable the mature larvae to pupate, and finishing the work of breeding the mature larvae and collecting the pupae;
the rust fungus gall midge imago field release method comprises the following steps:
placing the transparent plastic corrugated PP plate (1) loaded with pupation on the water bamboo leaf sheath in the accommodating box (5) in sequence, covering the isolation gauze (7) at the opening end after the completion of placement, covering the cover body (6), carrying the accommodating box (5) to the field to be released, opening the cover body (6) at a 40-degree angle, and hanging the accommodating box (5) at the upper position in the water bamboo leaf sheath through the S-shaped hook.
2. The device for collecting and releasing the gall midge of the wild rice stem rust fungi as claimed in claim 1, wherein the connecting assembly comprises a triangular object placing plate (8) and a sucking disc, the sucking disc and the triangular object placing plate (8) are fixed through screws, the sucking disc is adsorbed on the inner wall of the box body (2), and four corners of the transparent corrugated plastic PP plate (1) are respectively placed on the triangular object placing plate (8).
3. The device for collecting and releasing the gall midge of the wild rice stem rust fungus as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least one layer of transparent corrugated plastic PP plate (1) is arranged in the box body (2), and the mesh of the isolation gauze (7) is 10 meshes.
4. The device for collecting and releasing the rust fungus gall midge of zizania latifolia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front and rear inner walls of the accommodating box (5) are correspondingly provided with a clamping groove for installing a transparent corrugated plastic PP plate (1) in an integrated manner, the box cover (3) of the box body (2) and the box wall of the accommodating box (5) are provided with air holes (9) in an integrated manner, and a biological membrane is further arranged in the air holes (9) formed in the box wall of the accommodating box (5).
5. The device for collecting and releasing the gall midge of the wild rice stem rust fungus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a hanging piece (10) is arranged at the position of the accommodating box (5) away from the upper end opening 1/3, and a circular hanging hole (11) is arranged on the hanging piece (10).
6. The device for collecting and releasing the gall midge of the wild rice stem rust fungi as claimed in claim 1, wherein the interior of the climate box is divided into three layers, the interlayer spacing is 40cm, the left side and the right side of the inner side of the climate box are respectively provided with 3 40-watt fluorescent tubes in parallel, a timer control switch is connected, the layers are separated by stainless steel clapboards, and box bodies are placed on the clapboards for feeding; the raising conditions are that the temperature is controlled to be 28 +/-2 ℃ by an air conditioner indoors, and the photoperiod is 14: 10 h and relative humidity of 70-80%.
7. The device for collecting and releasing zizania latifolia rust gall midge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the period of field release is the early stage of the zizania latifolia rust disease.
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