CN111403083A - 耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆 - Google Patents

耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆 Download PDF

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CN111403083A
CN111403083A CN201911283370.XA CN201911283370A CN111403083A CN 111403083 A CN111403083 A CN 111403083A CN 201911283370 A CN201911283370 A CN 201911283370A CN 111403083 A CN111403083 A CN 111403083A
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王军俊
徐锦卫
尹春华
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Shanghai Qianheng Electric Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及电线电缆领域。耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,包括PVC护套,PVC护套内的增塑剂用乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯‑丁二烯‑苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的至少一种替代。首先,本专利采用增塑剂替代物替代传统PVC护套内的增塑剂,从而使本专利产品不含容易析出的增塑剂,可有效解决增塑剂析出的问题,不会污染环境。其次,本专利采用增塑剂替代物替代传统PVC护套内的增塑剂后,使的本专利产品的低温性能、极性、抗UV、抗化学及微生物腐蚀等性能均有显著的提高。

Description

耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆
技术领域
本发明涉及电线电缆领域,具体涉及电缆。
背景技术
传统的PVC电缆,多采用PVC护套,PVC护套以PVC树脂粉为基料,加入增塑剂、添加剂、稳定剂等制成。其中,增塑剂容易析出,析出的增塑剂会对环境和水资源造成污染。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,以解决上述问题。
耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,包括PVC护套,其特征在于,所述PVC护套内的增塑剂用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的至少一种替代。
首先,本专利采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的至少一种替代传统PVC护套内的增塑剂,从而使本专利产品不含容易析出的增塑剂,可有效解决增塑剂析出的问题,不会污染环境。其次,本专利采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的至少一种替代传统PVC护套内的增塑剂后,使的本专利产品的低温性能、极性、抗UV、抗化学及微生物腐蚀等性能均有显著的提高。
MBS树脂是甲基丙烯酸甲酯(M),丁二烯(B)及苯乙烯(S)的三元共聚物。ACR树脂以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为主单体,和少量的丙烯酸酯(丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸乙酯)及苯乙烯经乳液聚合或悬浮聚合制得的二元或多元共聚物。
所述PVC护套采用氯化聚乙烯、ABS塑料作为改性剂。从而提高护套的的热稳定性、强度和抗冲击性,进而提高本专利产品的电耐酸碱、耐磨损性能。
所述PVC护套采用钙、锌作为稳定剂。
作为一种优选方案,以PVC树脂粉为基料,所述PVC护套以PVC树脂粉作为基料,下述原料的重量百分比为:所述PVC树脂粉:所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物:所述改性剂:所述稳定剂为(85-90):(5-8):(1-2):(1-2)。
所述PVC护套优选有两层,以位于外侧的一层作为外护套、以位于内侧的一层作为内护套;
耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆还包括位于内护套内的缆芯,所述缆芯由导体和包覆在导体外的绝缘层制成;
所述缆芯至少有五根,其中一根位于所述内护套的中心轴线处,剩余的缆芯以位于中心轴线处的缆芯为中心等间距排布,围成环状;
所述绝缘层和所述内护套之间填充有阻水纱,所述阻水纱和所述内护套之间设有编制层;
所述内护套和所述外护套之间填充有发泡层。
本专利优化了电缆的结构,使得本专利产品不仅耐酸碱耐磨损,还具有一定的防水性能。
所述绝缘层的材质优选与所述护套的材质一致。从而利用绝缘层、内护套、外护套对缆芯形成三层保护。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种结构的示意图;
图2为绝缘层的一种结构的剖面图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体图示进一步阐述本发明。
参照图1,耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,包括PVC护套、缆芯等。
所述PVC护套有两层,以位于外侧的一层作为外护套7、以位于内侧的一层作为内护套5。缆芯位于内护套5内。缆芯由导体1和包覆在导体1外的绝缘层2制成。所述缆芯至少有五根,其中一根位于所述内护套5的中心轴线处,剩余的缆芯以位于中心轴线处的缆芯为中心等间距排布,围成环状。所述绝缘层2和所述内护套5之间填充有阻水纱3,所述阻水纱3和所述内护套5之间设有编制层4。所述内护套5和所述外护套7之间填充有发泡层6。
PVC护套、绝缘层2的材质优选一致。相较于传统的PVC护套,有以下区别:
1.用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的至少一种替代增塑剂,从而使本专利产品不含容易析出的增塑剂,可有效解决增塑剂析出的问题,不会污染环境。其次,使的本专利产品的低温性能、极性、抗UV、抗化学及微生物腐蚀等性能均有显著的提高。
2.以氯化聚乙烯、ABS塑料作为改性剂。从而提高护套的的热稳定性、强度和抗冲击性,进而提高本专利产品的电耐酸碱、耐磨损性能。
3.以钙、锌作为稳定剂。
PVC护套或绝缘层2的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照重量份称取各组分,PVC树脂粉:增塑剂替代物:所述改性剂:稳定剂为(85-90):(5-8):(1-2):(1-2);增塑剂替代物可以是乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的至少一种。优选方案一为:增塑剂替代物可以是乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的任意一种。优选方案二为:增塑剂替代物可以是乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的任意两种的共混物。进一步优选,ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共混时,共混例为质量百分比:2:1。优选方案三为:增塑剂替代物可以是乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的共混物,共混比例为质量百分比:2:1:1:1:1或者2:6:1:1:1。
(2)将各组分于混合搅拌机中进行混合,混合转速为90转/分钟,混合温度不低于165℃、搅拌时间8分钟,然后混合温度不做控制,让温度自然下降,继续搅拌时间5分钟;
(3)将混合后的物料置于挤出机中进行挤出,其中温度控制参数为,供料段165℃,压缩段175℃,机头温度190℃,口模温度190℃。
PVC树脂粉可以用PVC树脂粉和CPVC树脂粉按照1:1的重量比进行混合的混合物替代。
采用PVC树脂粉和CPVC树脂粉按照1:1的重量比进行混合的混合物作为基料,增塑剂采用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物替代时,生产出的PVC护套或绝缘层2经下述测试,证明性能优良:
1.耐酸碱:经过标准酸碱溶液浸泡7天,材料强度和拉伸变化率<25%;
2.耐磨损试验:经过5万次以上刮磨试验,不破皮;
3.柔韧性试验:经过5万次以上弯折试验,材料没有明显变形。
参照图2,为防止缆芯之间相互摩擦造成的绝缘层2损坏,相邻的两根缆芯之间填充有阻水纱3。为了提高电缆的抗弯折能力,所述缆芯的绝缘层2的外侧壁上设有螺纹状的凹槽。从而利用凹槽获得形变所需要的空间。可以在缆芯的绝缘层2的内侧壁上也设有螺纹状的凹槽。以位于绝缘层2的外侧壁的凹槽作为外凹槽8,以位于绝缘层2的内侧壁的凹槽作为内凹槽9,优选,外凹槽8的螺旋方向与内凹槽9的螺旋方向相同。此外,外凹槽8与内凹槽9的螺距相等且螺纹位置交错。从而进一步提高抗弯折能力。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入本发明要求保护的范围内。本发明要求保护的范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

1.耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,包括PVC护套,其特征在于,所述PVC护套内的增塑剂用乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物、丙烯酸酯橡胶、MBS树脂、ACR树脂、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物中的至少一种替代。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,所述PVC护套采用氯化聚乙烯、ABS塑料作为改性剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,所述PVC护套采用钙、锌作为稳定剂。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,所述PVC护套以PVC树脂粉作为基料,下述原料的重量百分比为:所述PVC树脂粉:所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物:所述改性剂:所述稳定剂为(85-90):(5-8):(1-2):(1-2)。
5.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,所述PVC护套有两层,以位于外侧的一层作为外护套、以位于内侧的一层作为内护套;
耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆还包括位于内护套内的缆芯,所述缆芯由导体和包覆在导体外的绝缘层制成;
所述缆芯至少有五根,其中一根位于所述内护套的中心轴线处,剩余的缆芯以位于中心轴线处的缆芯为中心等间距排布,围成环状;
所述绝缘层和所述内护套之间填充有阻水纱,所述阻水纱和所述内护套之间设有编制层;
所述内护套和所述外护套之间填充有发泡层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,所述绝缘层的材质与所述护套的材质一致。
7.根据权利要求5所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,PVC护套或绝缘层是采用下述方法制得的护套或绝缘层,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照重量份称取各组分,所述PVC树脂粉:所述乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物:所述改性剂:所述稳定剂为(85-90):(5-8):(1-2):(1-2);
(2)将各组分于混合搅拌机中进行混合,混合转速为90转/分钟,混合温度不低于165℃、搅拌时间8分钟,然后混合温度不做控制,让温度自然下降,继续搅拌时间5分钟;
(3)将混合后的物料置于挤出机中进行挤出,其中温度控制参数为,供料段165℃,压缩段175℃,机头温度190℃,口模温度190℃。
8.根据权利要求5所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,相邻的两根缆芯之间填充有阻水纱。
9.根据权利要求5所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,所述缆芯的绝缘层的外侧壁上设有螺纹状的凹槽。
10.根据权利要求9所述的耐酸碱耐磨损环保电缆,其特征在于,在缆芯的绝缘层的内侧壁上也设有螺纹状的凹槽;
位于外侧壁上的凹槽的螺旋方向与位于内侧壁上的凹槽的螺旋方向相同;
位于外侧壁上的凹槽与位于内侧壁上的凹槽的螺距相等且螺纹位置交错。
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