CN111387222A

CN111387222A - Spindle water flea eliminating agent

Info

Publication number: CN111387222A
Application number: CN201910866689.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周超; 金扬湖; 张建设
Original assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Current assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Priority date: 2019-09-12
Filing date: 2019-09-12
Publication date: 2020-07-10

Abstract

The invention relates to a daphnia eliminant, and provides a daphnia eliminant against the problem that an insecticide kills daphnia spinulosa and simultaneously damages aquaculture species, which comprises 50-70 parts by weight of zeolite powder, 5-10 parts by weight of benzoylurea insecticide, 10-15 parts by weight of cymbidium, 2-4 parts by weight of betel nut and 2-8 parts by weight of chinaberry bark. The invention has good killing effect on the spiny daphnia from eggs to adults, has little influence on aquaculture, is easy to decompose and environment-friendly, improves the uniformity of mixing by taking the zeolite powder as a carrier, and can also prolong the release time of the eliminating agent.

Description

Spindle water flea eliminating agent

Technical Field

The invention relates to a water flea eliminating agent, in particular to a spindle water flea eliminating agent.

Background

Spodoptera belongs to the family of Arthropoda, Crustacea, Chorioidea, Spodoptera, and is used as feed for aquaculture. In the aquaculture seedling production, the massive propagation of the spiny daphnia will bring serious enemy to the early-stage production of the seedlings: the spiny daphnia over-breeds in the water body, which not only consumes a large amount of oxygen to cause oxygen deficiency in the water body, but also competes with part of cultured seedlings for baits, and causes poisoning of the cultured seedlings because ammonia nitrogen cannot be utilized due to the lack of the unicellular algae. Therefore, the killing of the spindle water fleas is one of the key links in the seedling cultivation. At present, pesticides are mostly adopted to kill the spinulia in the seawater seedling pond, and the pesticides not only cause poison to breeding species and the like, but also cause serious pollution to water environment and threaten the safety of human food. Drugs of abuse in aquaculture have a great influence on the healthy culture of fish, the ecological environment and the human health through food chain transmission. There is therefore a need for an ideal spindle flea eliminator.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a spiny water flea eliminating agent for overcoming the problem that the spiny water flea is killed by an insecticide and simultaneously damages aquaculture species, has good killing effect on the spiny water flea, and does not influence the growth of the aquaculture species.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a spindle water flea eliminating agent comprises, by weight, 50-70 parts of zeolite powder, 5-10 parts of benzoylurea insecticide, 10-15 parts of cymbidium, 2-4 parts of betel nut and 2-8 parts of cortex meliae.

The insecticidal action mechanism of the benzoylurea insecticides is insect poisoning by inhibiting chitin biosynthesis in insects. Spiny daphnia belongs to Crustacea, and can be killed by benzoylurea insecticides. The benzoyl urea pesticide has mainly stomach poisoning effect on pests, has small contact poisoning effect and ovicidal effect. Has no killing power to imagoes, but has the effect of sterility. The dosage is less, and the toxicity is higher than that of organophosphorus and carbamate. The selectivity is high, and human, livestock and poultry do not contain chitin, so that the toxicity to human and livestock is very low, the problem of chronic toxicity is avoided, the killing effect on natural enemies, fishes and shrimps and other aquatic animals is small, the aquatic animals are easily decomposed in animal and plant bodies, soil and water, so that the residue in agricultural products is very low, and the environment is not polluted. The cymbidium faberi Rolffe root bark has the effects of clearing away damp-heat and killing insects. Betel nut and cortex meliae are also used as anthelmintics. The components are combined according to a proper proportion, and the composition has an excellent killing effect on the spindle water fleas. The Hualan, the areca-nut and the chinaberry bark are all Chinese herbal medicines, are easy to decompose and are beneficial and harmless to fishes, shrimps and the like. The eliminating agent has killing effect on spiny water flea from egg to adult, has little influence on aquatic products for cultivation, is easy to decompose and is environment-friendly.

Zeolite powder is used as carrier in the said eliminating agent. The zeolite has rough surface and porous structure, so that the zeolite has strong carrying capacity, the medicine can be uniformly adsorbed on the surface, and can be adsorbed in holes and channels, the availability of the medicine is improved, and the uniformity of mixing is greatly improved. And can properly prolong the release time of the trace components. Other medicines of the eliminating agent are adsorbed on the zeolite powder, the density of the eliminating agent can be adjusted, the eliminating agent can be dispersed at different depths in water, the water surface layer is close to the upward movement when the spindle water flea is weak, the hard light moves down to the deep habit, and the elimination of the spindle water flea is more effective. In addition, the zeolite can remove 95% of ammonia nitrogen in water, purify water and relieve the phenomenon of water transfer, and experiments show that the zeolite powder can improve the indexes of growth, fullness, dorsal muscle components, hemoglobin, feed digestibility and the like of the grass carp without adverse effect on the quality of the bone and meat of the grass carp.

Preferably, the remover also comprises 3-5 parts of swallow tail and 5-10 parts of Chinese tallow tree in parts by weight. The swallowtail has the effects of diminishing inflammation and sterilizing, and can further improve the killing effect of the eliminating agent. The efficacy of the Chinese tallow tree is to clear away heat and toxic material, carbuncle, deep-rooted carbuncle, sore and ulcer, and has positive effect on cultured aquatic products.

Preferably, the benzoylurea insecticide is chlorbenzuron or flufenoxuron. Chlorbenzuron and flufenoxuron are relatively least harmful to fish in the benzoylurea insecticides.

Preferably, the remover is coated with a coating which dissolves slowly in water. The coating can cover up the smell of the eliminating agent, protect from light, improve the stability, and the surface is smooth after coating, thus improving the fluidity. The release agent may be slowly released until the release agent is complete after the coating has dissolved.

Preferably, the coating material is selected from one of ethyl cellulose aqueous dispersion, acrylic resin aqueous dispersion, ethyl cellulose aqueous dispersion, poly (phthalic acid) vinyl acetate aqueous dispersion or hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate aqueous dispersion. These high molecular weight polymers are much more complex and slower to dissolve than ultra-small molecules, which typically take one day, several days or even weeks to dissolve. The dissolution is carried out by swelling first and then uniformly dispersing in a solvent to achieve complete dissolution. Meets the above requirements of being slowly dissolved in water.

Preferably, the coating is provided with pores for drug release.

Preferably, a water-insoluble coating is arranged outside the eliminating agent, a flexible diaphragm is arranged in the coating to divide the coating into two chambers, the eliminating agent is arranged in one chamber, the other chamber contains a pushing agent capable of absorbing water to push the diaphragm, a hole with the aperture of 200-500 mu m is arranged at one side of the chamber where the medicine is arranged, and the coating only allows water molecules to pass through but cannot pass through the medicine or ions. The controlled release structure is prepared by utilizing the osmotic pressure principle, can uniformly release the medicine at a constant speed, and has stable and lasting effect. The flexible diaphragm divides the space in the coating into two separate chambers, which are respectively filled with the drug and the propellant, after water molecules enter the chambers through the coating, the drugs including the benzoylurea insecticides, the chloranthus, the areca and the cortex meliae can form turbid liquid because of water insolubility, and the turbid liquid is released through the holes under the action of osmotic pressure, and the propellant expands after absorbing water to generate the driving force, so that the drug is released to the maximum.

Preferably, the coating material is selected from one of cellulose acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or polyacrylic resin.

Preferably, the propellant is one of hydroxyethyl polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tween and cocoa butter. The above substances swell after absorbing water.

Preferably, both chambers of the drug compartment contain a drug and a permeation enhancer. Both chambers can release medicine, and the medicine release efficiency can be improved.

Therefore, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the eliminating agent comprises benzoylurea insecticides, cymbidium discoreanum, areca seeds, chinaberry bark and the like, has good killing effect on the spiny daphnia from eggs to adults, has little influence on aquaculture, is easy to decompose and is environment-friendly; (2) other medicines of the eliminating agent are adsorbed on the zeolite powder, so that the availability of the medicines is improved, the mixing uniformity is greatly improved, the release time of the medicines can be properly prolonged, and the density of the eliminating agent can be adjusted, so that the eliminating agent can be dispersed in water at different depths, is suitable for the habit of the spindle water fleas and is more effective in eliminating the spindle water fleas; (3) the zeolite can remove ammonia nitrogen in water, purify water quality, improve the growth condition of fish and has no adverse effect on the quality of bone and meat; (4) the coating is arranged outside the eliminating agent, the coating can cover the smell of the eliminating agent, avoid light and improve the stability, and the surface is smooth after the coating is coated, so that the fluidity can be improved; (5) the coating is provided with holes at one side of the chamber where the medicine is, and only water molecules pass through the coating but not the medicine or ions, so that the controlled release structure prepared by utilizing the osmotic pressure principle can uniformly release the medicine at a constant speed, and the effect is stable and durable.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials and equipment used are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

70 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of flufenoxuron, 2 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of cortex meliae, 5 parts of swallow tail and 5 parts of Chinese tallow tree, and grinding to obtain the powdery remover.

Example 2

Mixing 60 parts of zeolite powder, 5 parts of chlorbenzuron, 4 parts of betel nut, 8 parts of cortex meliae, 3 parts of swallowtail and 6 parts of Chinese tallow tree, and grinding to obtain the powdery remover.

Example 3

50 parts of zeolite powder, 7 parts of pediculicide, 3 parts of betel nut, 2 parts of cortex meliae azedarach, 4 parts of swallowtail and 10 parts of Chinese tallow tree, and grinding to obtain the powdery remover.

Example 4

70 parts of zeolite powder, 6 parts of flufenoxuron, 2 parts of betel nut and 5 parts of cortex meliae are mixed and crushed to obtain the powdery remover.

Example 5

Mixing 70 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of flufenoxuron, 2 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of cortex meliae, 5 parts of swallow tail and 5 parts of Chinese tallow tree, and grinding to obtain a powdery remover, wherein the remover is coated with a layer of ethyl cellulose aqueous dispersion material.

Example 6

70 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of flufenoxuron, 2 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of cortex meliae, 5 parts of swallow tail and 5 parts of Chinese tallow tree are mixed and crushed to obtain a powdery remover, the remover is coated with a layer of coating made of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate aqueous dispersion material, and holes are punched on the coating through laser.

Example 7

70 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of flufenoxuron, 2 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of cortex meliae, 5 parts of swallow tail and 5 parts of Chinese tallow tree are mixed and crushed to obtain a powdery remover, the remover is coated with a layer of cellulose acetate material, and the coating only allows water molecules to pass through but cannot pass through medicines or ions and is insoluble in water. A flexible diaphragm is arranged in the coating to divide the coating into two chambers, the eliminating agent is arranged in one chamber, a hole with the aperture of 350 mu m is formed in one side of the chamber where the coating is arranged on the medicine through laser, and the other chamber contains polyvinylpyrrolidone which can swell when absorbing water.

Example 8

70 parts of zeolite powder, 10 parts of flufenoxuron, 2 parts of betel nut, 6 parts of cortex meliae, 5 parts of swallow tail and 5 parts of Chinese tallow tree are mixed and crushed to obtain a powdery remover, the remover is coated with a layer of polyvinyl alcohol material, and the coating only allows water molecules to pass through but cannot pass through medicines or ions and is insoluble in water. A flexible diaphragm is arranged in the coating to divide the coating into two chambers, the two chambers are respectively provided with a remover and Tween, the Tween can expand after absorbing water, and the two chambers are respectively provided with a hole with the aperture of 200 mu m by laser.

Examples 5 and 6 extended the action time of the eliminating agent by providing a slowly dissolving coating on the outside of the eliminating agent, examples 7 and 8 enabled the eliminating agent to be uniformly released at a constant rate by the principle of osmotic pressure, and the action was stable and durable.examples 1 to 4 were confirmed to be effective in killing spindly water fleas without injuring aquatic animals by experiments in which 6 groups were designed in total, 3 incubators were placed in each group, 3 incubators were placed in 100 eggs of sepiella maindroni, the water temperature was controlled at 26 to 28 ℃. the eliminating agent was soaked in water of the first to fourth groups by placing the eliminating agent in a pouch made of three-layered silk stockings, fastening the pouch, placing the pouch in the incubator at 200 g per cubic water for 2 to 3 days continuously, stirring the water in the incubator every three hours, a blank group without adding any drug in the water, a control group by placing 90% crystal solution in a diquat into the incubator, 1 m water was sprayed with 0.5 g of cubed water, the survival rate of sepiella every three hours, the survival rate was calculated as the number of sepiella gra, the survival rate was calculated as 1000 per day, the survival rate of sepiella gra per day, the survival rate was calculated as the number of sepiella gra per three days (1000 min./day), and the survival rate of the seedling was calculated as 10 min, the number of the water of the third day, the spiny water of the spiny water was calculated as 10, the number of the third day, the spiny water of the third day, the spiny:

table one: density of spindle water flea

Density of spindle water fleas (Only/L)	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Blank group	Control group
Density of spindle water fleas (Only/L)	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Blank group	Control group	Cuttlefish egg 1	0	0	0	10	900	80
Cuttlefish egg 2	0	0	0	5	800	300	Cuttlefish egg 1	0	0	0	10	900	80
Cuttlefish egg 2	0	0	0	5	800	300	Cuttlefish egg 3	0	0	0	20	850	500

Table two: survival rate of cuttlefish seedlings

Cuttlefish fry survival rate (%)	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Blank group	Control group
Cuttlefish fry survival rate (%)	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Blank group	Control group	Cuttlefish egg 1	81	80	89	89	30	0
Cuttlefish egg 2	86	88	85	90	40	58	Cuttlefish egg 1	81	80	89	89	30	0
Cuttlefish egg 2	86	88	85	90	40	58	Cuttlefish egg 3	80	80	85	88	36	41

As can be seen from the above table, the blank group of cuttlefish seedlings had a very low survival rate, indicating that many cuttlefish eggs or seedlings were destroyed by the spiny daphnia. The density of the spiny daphnia in the control group is reduced, but the survival rate of the cuttlefish seedlings is not high, which shows that the killing effect of trichlorphon on the spiny daphnia is limited and the control group has toxic action on the cuttlefish seedlings; experiments 1 to 3 respectively adopt the eliminating agent of the embodiments 1 to 3, the spiny water flea is almost eliminated, experiments 4 adopt the eliminating agent of the embodiment 4, the density of the spiny water flea is very low, which shows that the killing force to the spiny water flea can be improved by adding the swallowtail and the strigose tallowtree into the eliminating agent, and the survival rate of the cuttlefish seedlings of the experiments 1 to 4 is higher than 80 percent, which shows that the invention can be used for killing the spiny water flea in the water body of the cuttlefish seedlings, and the toxic effect to the cuttlefish seedlings is very small.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The spindle water flea eliminating agent is characterized by comprising, by weight, 50-70 parts of zeolite powder, 5-10 parts of benzoyl urea insecticide, 2-4 parts of betel nuts and 2-8 parts of chinaberry bark.

2. The spindle water flea eliminating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the eliminating agent further comprises 3-5 parts of swallowtail and 5-10 parts of Chinese tallow tree in parts by weight.

3. The spindlefly elimination agent of claim 1, wherein the benzoylurea insecticide is chlorbenzuron or flufenoxuron.

4. The spindle water flea eliminator according to claim 1, wherein the eliminator is coated with a coating that dissolves slowly in water.

5. The spindlehead elimination agent of claim 4, wherein the coating material is one selected from the group consisting of an aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion, an aqueous acrylic resin dispersion, an aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion, an aqueous poly (vinyl acetate phthalate) dispersion, and an aqueous hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate dispersion.

6. The spindle water flea eliminator according to claim 4, wherein said coating is provided with holes for the release of the drug.

7. The spun drop flea eliminating agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein said eliminating agent is externally provided with a water-insoluble coating, said coating is provided with a flexible membrane separating the interior of said coating into two compartments, said eliminating agent is in one of said compartments, said other compartment contains a driving agent capable of absorbing water to drive said membrane, said coating is provided with a hole having a diameter of 200-500 μm at one side of said compartment, said coating only allows water molecules to pass through but not drugs or ions.

8. The spindlehead elimination agent of claim 7, wherein the coating material is one selected from the group consisting of cellulose acetate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polyacrylic resin.

9. The spindlehead elimination agent of claim 7, wherein the propellant is one of hydroxyethyl polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, tween, and cocoa butter.

10. The spindle water flea eliminator according to claim 7 wherein both chambers of the drug chamber contain a drug and a penetration enhancer.