CN111314891A - 网络辅助的设备到设备发现 - Google Patents

网络辅助的设备到设备发现 Download PDF

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CN111314891A
CN111314891A CN202010032990.2A CN202010032990A CN111314891A CN 111314891 A CN111314891 A CN 111314891A CN 202010032990 A CN202010032990 A CN 202010032990A CN 111314891 A CN111314891 A CN 111314891A
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enb
temp
ues
network
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CN111314891B (zh
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牛华宁
谢尔盖·班台莱耶夫
阿列克谢·胡尔耶夫
德布迪普·查特吉
熊岗
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Apple Inc
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Abstract

对用户设备(UE)在设备到设备(D2D)网络中进行通信的技术进行了描述。可以从增强型节点B(eNB)接收临时标识(Temp ID)。可以从eNB在物理上行链路信道中接收D2D发现资源分配。可以基于Temp ID从D2D发现资源分配中选择UE D2D发现资源。发送来自UE D2D发现资源的D2D发现信标，以使得其他UE能够对该UE进行检测。

Description

网络辅助的设备到设备发现
相关申请
本申请是国际申请号为PCT/US2013/077129、国际申请日为2013年12月20日、于2015年07月15日进入中国国家阶段、中国国家申请号为201380070578.8、发明名称为“网络辅助的设备到设备发现”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
本申请要求于2013年2月22日提交的美国临时专利申请序列号No.61/768,330(代理人案号P54652Z)的权益并且在此通过引用进行合并。
背景技术
无线网络技术的用户和移动网络技术的用户不断使用其移动设备来进行通信以及发送和接收数据。随着无线网络上数据通信的增加，对于电信的有限资源的负担也日益增加。
为了解决不断增加的用户的不断增加的无线服务量，有效使用可用的无线电网络资源变得十分重要。设备到设备(D2D)通信允许移动用户彼此之间直接通信，从而对无线网络带来较少负担或者没有负担。D2D通信可以在十分接近的设备能够不使用常规的通信链路(例如，Wi-Fi或蜂窝通信系统)而是彼此直接通信时发生。因此，设备到设备(D2D)服务允许在处于接入点(例如，网络的增强型节点B(eNB))的范围内的设备之间进行通信，并且使得满足对电信系统增加的需求。使得能够进行D2D通信的第一步之一涉及能够进行D2D通信的设备的发现。
附图说明
结合附图，从下面的详细描述中，本公开的特征和优点将变得显而易见，其中，附图通过示例的方式一同对本公开的特征进行了说明；并且，其中：
图1根据示例描绘了与eNB进行通信的UE和D2D网络中的其他UE；
图2根据示例描绘了每个都与eNB进行通信并且彼此进行直接通信的多个UE；
图3根据示例示出了eNB和UE，每个均包括收发机和计算机处理器；
图4根据示例示出了与eNB和其他UE二者进行通信的UE；
图5根据示例示出了上行链路无线帧结构；
图6根据示例描绘了发现区域资源分配；
图7根据示例描绘了可操作以在D2D网络中用eNB执行D2D发现的UE的计算机电路的功能；
图8根据示例描绘了可操作以在D2D网络中发现和传输临时标识(Temp ID)列表的UE的计算机电路的功能；
图9根据示例描绘了可操作以与D2D网络中的UE进行通信的eNB的计算机电路的功能；
图10根据示例描绘了可操作以与UE进行通信的服务器的计算机电路的功能，其中，该UE可操作以在D2D网络中进行通信；
图11根据示例示出了用于由eNB向UE分配D2D发现资源的方法；
图12根据示例描绘了示出UE的数目与用于能量检测的阈值的曲线图；
图13根据示例描绘了示出UE的数目与距离m的曲线图；
图14根据示例描绘了示出在小于R的距离处发现的UE的平均百分比的曲线图；以及
图15根据示例示出了用户设备(UE)的图解。
下面将参照所示出的示例性实施例，并且本文将使用特定语言来描述相同的事物。然而，应当理解，不旨在对本发明的范围进行限制。
具体实施方式
在公开和描述本发明之前，应当理解，本发明不限于特定的结构、处理步骤、或本文所公开的材料，但被扩展为相关领域技术人员所认识到的其等同。还应当理解，本文所采用的术语仅被用于描述特定示例的目的，并且不意为进行限制。不同附图中的相同的参考标号表示相同的要素。出于在说明性步骤和操作中进行明确的目的来提供流程图和处理中所提供的序号，并且不一定指示特定的顺序或序列。
在设备到设备(D2D)通信中，多个移动无线设备(例如，用户设备(UE))可以被配置为相互直接进行通信。在一个实施例中，无线网络(例如，包括eNB的蜂窝第三代合作伙伴项目(3GPP)网络)可以帮助UE发现被配置以进行D2D通信的其他邻近的UE。
图1描绘了与UE1(120)进行通信的eNB 110。UE1(120)与D2D网络中的其他UE2-UE5(130)进行直接通信。图2示出了UE1(220)和UE2(230)每个均与eNB 210进行通信，并且UE1(220)和UE2(230)相互也进行直接通信。D2D通信系统中的UE可以共享移动通信网络的资源，其中，UE被配置为与在蜂窝网络中与eNB进行通信的设备共享资源。在一个实施例中，一个或多个蜂窝网络可以是第三代合作伙伴项目(3GPP)长期演进(LTE)Rel 8、Rel 9、Rel 10或Rel 11和/或电气电子工程师协会(IEEE)802.16p、802.16n、802.16m-2011、802.16h-2010、802.16j-2009、802.16-2009。图3示出了在网络辅助的D2D通信系统的一个实施例中，eNB 310包括收发机320和计算机处理器330。图3还示出了UE 340包括收发机350和计算机处理器360。D2D通信系统可以向移动设备用户提供更好的服务质量(QoS)、新的应用、以及增加的移动性支持。为了建立D2D通信，D2D系统内的UE可以被配置为发现正参与D2D系统的D2D使能的UE。
用于发现无线网络内D2D使能的UE的一种方法或系统，该无线网络被配置用于D2D通信，该D2D通信涉及能够向其他邻近UE广播发现信标的UE。针对发现信标的D2D发现资源分配和D2D发现过程可以在UE初始接入网络之后开始。每个UE可以被分配以用于D2D发现的临时标识(Temp ID)。在一个实施例中，网络可以辅助针对发现信标的D2D发现资源分配和D2D发现过程。网络辅助可以降低UE的复杂度并且允许网络与UE一起工作以减小无线网络通信与D2D通信之间的干扰。
在一个实施例中，eNB可以经由高层信令向UE分配临时标识(Temp ID)。在一个实施例中，可以使用网络辅助D2D发现过程来发现D2D系统内的UE。在一个实施例中，D2D TempID可以被配置为对于若干个邻近小区而言是唯一的，以避免所发现的UE限定的模糊性。在一个实施例中，UE可以使用上行链路(UL)同步信道在网络内被同步。在向UE分配Temp ID之后，eNB然后可以在物理上行链路信道(例如，物理上行链路控制信道(PUCCH)或物理上行链路共享信道(PUSCH))内分配D2D发现资源。在一个实施例中，所分配的资源可以随着小区内的UE的数目而缓慢变化。UE可以基于其Temp ID选择D2D发现资源之一和某一发现序列。UE可以在UL信号的资源块(RB)上将所选择的发现序列作为发现信标进行发送。在一个实施例中，不发送发现信标的其他UE可以监听D2D发现资源并且尝试对Temp ID进行解码。在一个实施例中，UE可以使用物理上行链路共享信道(PUSCH)与eNB传输该UE已经发现的Temp ID列表。eNB然后可以基于所分配的Temp ID对UE进行识别，并且使用PDSCH将所发现的UE的标识反馈给UE。UE然后可以使用标识信息来请求与所发现的UE进行D2D通信。
图4示出了与eNB 410和UE2-UE5(430)二者进行通信的UE1(420)。在图4中，eNB 410向UE1(420)发送用于D2D发现的Temp ID。eNB 410可以为UE1(420)分配D2D发现资源分配(450)，从而提供UE1可以传输用于发现的ID的时间和频率块。在一个实施例中，时间和频率块可以与用于与eNB进行通信的上行链路子帧相对应。UE1(420)然后向D2D网络中的其他UE(例如，UE2-UE5(430))发送D2D发现信标(460)。UE1还发现D2D网络中的其他UE(例如，UE2-UE5(430))的Temp ID(470)。UE1(420)向eNB 410传输Temp ID列表(480)。eNB 410然后向UE1(420)反馈所发现的UE的列表(490)。包括在所发现的UE的列表内的信息使得该UE能够请求与其他UE进行D2D通信。
在一个示例中，在被配置以用于D2D通信的无线网络中的UE可以使用无线帧结构在该无线网络内进行同步，该无线帧结构在eNB与UE之间的上行链路传输中的物理(PHY)层上进行传输。在一个实施例中，如图5所示，3GPP LTE帧结构可以被用于同步。
图5示出了上行链路无线帧结构。在该示例中，用于传输控制信息或数据的信号的无线帧500可以被配置为具有10毫秒(ms)的持续时间Tf。每个无线帧可以被分割或划分成是个子帧510i，每个子帧长1ms。每个子帧还可以被再分为两个时隙520a和520b，每个时隙具有0.5ms的持续时间Tslot。由无线设备和节点使用的成员载波(component carrier，CC)的每个时隙可以基于CC频率带宽包括多个资源块(RB)530a、530b、530i、530m以及530n。每个RB(物理RB或PRB)530i可以包括12-15kHz的子载波536(在频率轴上)以及每子载波6或7个SC-FDMA符号532(在时间轴上)。如果采用较短的或者正常的循环前缀，则RB可以使用七个SC-FDMA符号。如果采用扩展的循环前缀，则RB可以使用六个SC-FDMA符号。使用较短的或正常的循环前缀时，资源块可以被映射为84个资源要素(RE)540i，或者使用扩展的循环前缀时，资源块可以被映射为72个RE(未示出)。RE可以是一个子载波(即，15kHz)546一个SC-FDMA符号542的单位。在正交相移键控(QPSK)调制的情形中，每个RE可以发送两个比特550a和550b的信息。可以使用其他类型的调制，例如，在每个RE中发送更多比特的16正交幅度调制(QAM)或64QAM，或者在每个RE中发送更少比特(一个比特)的二进制相移键控(BPSK)调制。RB可以被配置以用于从无线设备到节点的上行链路传输。
上行链路信号或信道可以包括物理上行链路共享信道(PUSCH)上的数据或物理上行链路控制信道(PUCCH)上的控制信息。在LTE中，携带上行链路控制信息(UCI)的物理上行链路控制信道(PUCCH)可以包括信道状态信息(CSI)报告、混合自动重传请求(HARQ)确认/否定确认(ACK/NACK)以及上行链路调度请求(SR)。
图6描绘了发现区域(发现区域1(610)和发现区域2(620))资源分配的示例。如图6所示，D2D发现与D2D序列一起可以被用来确定唯一的设备Temp ID。将Temp ID和eNB的小区标识(小区ID)作为输入参数，每个UE可以对其将发送D2D发现序列的相应资源进行标识。在一个实施例中，每个UE的输出参数可以包括nf、nt和nseq。值nf是每小区每时隙的RB索引，nt是每个发现区域中的时隙索引，并且nseq是发现序列索引。在图6中，小区ID(650)在0-2之间，nf(660)针对小区ID＝0在0-2之间，nt(640)对于每个发现区域为0-3，并且nseq(630)包括发现区域1和发现区域2。
在一个实施例中，UE可以使用映射规则来确定用来发送发现序列的相应资源。在一个实施例中，映射规则可以在确定相应资源中使用如下准则：为了解决半双工约束，在下一发现区域中对于在当前发现区域中具有相同nt的两个UE，nt可以是不同的；为了实现频率分集，nf在下一区域针对一个UE可以是不同的；以及为了减小小区间干扰，发现区域可以被复用3。在一个实施例中，基于小区大小和目标D2D发现范围，复用值可以增加或减小。
在一个实施例中，UE可以被配置有附加参数(例如，序列总数(Nseq)、发现时隙中每小区的RB的总数(Nf)(在频率维度)和/或发现区域中发现时隙的总数(Nt))。可以使用较高层信令(例如，以特定于小区的方式经由准静态(semi-static)RRC信令)根据参加接近服务的UE的群体、部署场景和其他系统参数来对附加参数进行配置。在另一实施例中，当UE被装备有多个发射天线时，该UE可以被分配以附加的Temp ID，以使得nt和nf相同或者基本相似，而nseq可以对于UE的不同的发射天线进行变化或不同。
在一个实施例中，D2D发现序列设计可以基于通过UL信道(例如，控制信道、共享信道、或另一期望信道)实现的UE与eNB的网络同步。上行链路无线帧结构的子帧和时隙边界对于D2D发现而被同步。在一个实施例中，D2D发现序列设计部分基于非相干能量检测。D2D发现序列设计还可以基于如下：相关属性；资源可用性或分配；和/或峰均功率比(PAPR)。
在一个实施例中，当D2D发现序列设计是基于相关属性时，可以考虑互相关，以便实现复用能力。在另一实施例中，自相关可以被估算，因为针对D2D发现实现了时间同步。
在一个实施例中，当D2D发现序列设计基于资源可用性或分配时，一个RB或一个RB对可以被用作D2D发现序列设计的基本要素。在另一实施例中，在该发现序列上信道选择性可以被最小化。
在一个实施例中，当D2D发现序列设计基于PAPR时，PAPR被用来选择候选D2D发现序列。
在一个实施例中，Hadamard矩阵可以被用于D2D发现序列设计。使用Hadamard矩阵的D2D发现序列设计可以基于相关属性、资源可用性或分配、和/或PAPR。
在基于Hadamard矩阵的D2D发现序列设计的实施例中，Hadamard矩阵基于发现资源大小。例如，资源大小可以是一个RB，其大小为12个子载波×7个SC-FDMA符号，或者可以是一个RB对，其大小为12个子载波×14个SC-FDMA符号。在一个实施例中，Hadamard矩阵的长度是4的倍数。当Hadamard矩阵的长度为4的倍数时，存在D2D发现序列设计的至少一个候选项。对于D2D发现序列设计的每个候选项，D2D发现序列被映射到一阶频率中，并且针对每个SC-FDMA符号计算PAPR。在一个实施例中，可以除去具有很高的PAPR的D2D发现序列。信标序列可以无需使用离散傅里叶变换(DFT)操作而被直接映射到频域中(类似于UL DMRS)。当Hadamard矩阵具有-1和1的元素时，穷举搜索具有低的计算复杂度。
在另一实施例中，PUCCH格式被用于D2D发现序列设计。使用PUCCH格式1的D2D发现序列设计可以基于相关属性、资源可用性或分配、和/或PAPR。在一个实施例中，PUCCH格式1依照UL PUCCH设计。对于每个SC-FDMA符号，使用具有最小PAPR的长度为12的经QPSK调制的序列。在一个实施例中，长度为12的经QPSK调制的序列根据ETSI TS 136.2 11V11.0.0(2012-10)(3GPP TS36.211，V 11.0.0，第5.5.1节)而被制表(tabulate)。在一个实施例中，使用选择的或定义的正交覆盖码(orthogonal cover code)，D2D发现序列被扩大到7个SC-FDMA符号。在一个示例中，使用长度为7的DFT码，并且序列中的长度为7的DFT码是复值，并且可能对于时序偏移更加敏感。
在具有D2D发现序列设计的D2D发现过程的一个示例中，一个RB(12×7)被用作基本的D2D发现资源要素，每发现时隙每小区具有一个RB。在D2D发现序列设计的一个实施例中，发现时隙在每小区在频率维度中包括多个RB。在该示例中，对于长度为84(12×7)的第一Paley类型Hadamard矩阵，具有大于7dB的PAPR的D2D发现序列被移除。在一个实施例中，在移除了具有大于7dB的PAPR的D2D发现序列之后，每时隙具有78个D2D发现序列，即，Nseq＝78。在另一实施例中，其中，所有的D2D发现序列具有小于7dB的PAPR，即，存在84个D2D发现序列，可以使用具有大于整体的循环移位域中的任意两个序列之间最小距离的可用的长度为12的QPSK序列的子集。在具有更高的延迟扩展的信道的场景中，可用的长度为12的QPSK序列的子集可以被用来允许更好的正交性。
在该示例中，eNB将分配78个时隙，即Nt＝78个时隙，并且每时隙1个RB，即，对于一个D2D发现区域，Nf＝1。可以基于发现延迟、资源开销、和/或UE电池能耗来对每个发现区域中的时隙数目和发现区域的周期性进行配置。每个UE可以由eNB分配从0-6082(78×78-1)的TempID。UE可以基于Temp ID和某一映射规则来选择资源和序列。在一个实施例中，映射规则是Temp ID＝资源块中的资源要素的数目×RB索引+序列ID，其中，RB索引(例如，nt)被编号为0-77，并且序列标识(序列ID)(例如，nseq)被编号为0-77。资源分配的映射规则使得在小区内以及在邻近小区中的UE之间不存在发送发现信标的冲突，其中，邻近小区将唯一的D2D Temp ID分配给其UE。
在一个实施例中，通过置乱D2D资源以使得在先前发现区域中在相同的时隙处进行发送的UE可以在当前的发现区域中在不同的时隙处进行发送，从而在下一发现区域处防止了半双工问题。例如，newSequenceID＝序列ID，并且newRBindex＝(RB索引+序列ID)mod78(取模)。在该示例中，在第一发现区域期间在相同的时隙处进行发送的UE将在下一区域处在不同的发现时隙进行发送。在一个实施例中，不发送发现信标的UE将尝试针对每个时隙对D2D发现序列进行解码，以在邻近范围内发现尽可能多的UE。
图7提供了用来示出可操作以在D2D网络中执行D2D发现的UE的计算机电路的一个实施例的功能的流程图。该功能可以被实现为可以作为指令在机器上被运行的方法或功能，其中，这些指令被包括在至少一个计算机可读介质或一个非暂态机器可读存储介质上。计算机电路可以被配置为从eNB接收Temp ID，如框710。计算机电路还可以被配置为从eNB在物理上行链路信道中接收D2D发现资源分配，如框720。计算机电路还可以被配置为基于Temp ID从D2D发现资源分配中选择UE D2D发现资源，如框730。计算机电路还可以被配置为发送来自UE D2D发现资源的D2D发现信标，以使得其他UE能够对该UE进行检测，如框740。
在一个实施例中，物理上行链路信道可以是物理上行链路控制信道(PUCCH)或物理上行链路共享信道(PUSCH)。在一个实施例中，计算机电路被配置为使用PDSCH从eNB接收所发现的UE的列表。在另一实施例中，计算机电路被配置为从eNB针对该UE处的每根天线接收唯一Temp ID。在一个实施例中，计算机电路被配置为从其他UE接收D2D发现信标，并且基于D2D发现信标来确定其他UE的Temp ID。在一个实施例中，计算机电路被配置为基于TempID和eNB的小区ID从D2D发现资源分配中选择UE D2D发现资源。在另一实施例中，UE基于Temp ID和小区ID对RB索引、时隙索引、以及发现序列索引进行识别。
图8提供了用来示出可操作以在D2D网络中进行通信的UE的计算机电路的一个实施例的功能的流程图。该功能可以被实现为可以作为指令在机器上被运行的方法或功能，其中，这些指令被包括在至少一个计算机可读介质或一个非暂态机器可读存储介质上。计算机电路可以被配置为从eNB接收Temp ID，如框810。计算机电路还可以被配置为从eNB在物理上行链路信道中接收D2D发现资源分配，如框820。在一个实施例中，物理上行链路信道可以是物理上行链路控制信道(PUCCH)或物理上行链路共享信道(PUSCH)。计算机电路还可以被配置为基于Temp ID从D2D发现资源分配中选择UE D2D发现资源，如框830。计算机电路还可以被配置为发送来自UE D2D发现资源的D2D发现信标，以使得其他UE能够对该UE进行检测，如框840。计算机电路还可以被配置为在D2D发现分配中发现其他UE的Temp ID，如框850。计算机电路还可以被配置为使用PUSCH向eNB传输所发现的其他UE的Temp ID的列表，如框860。
图9提供了用来示出可操作以在D2D网络中进行通信的eNB的计算机电路的一个实施例的功能的流程图。该功能可以被实现为可以作为指令在机器上被运行的方法或功能，其中，这些指令被包括在至少一个计算机可读介质或一个非暂态机器可读存储介质上。计算机电路可以被配置为向UE传输D2D Temp ID，如框910。计算机电路还可以被配置为针对由该eNB服务的UE进行的发现在物理上行链路信道中分配D2D发现资源，如框920。计算机电路还可以被配置为从UE接收由该UE发现的UE的Temp ID列表，如框930。计算机电路还可以被配置为基于Temp ID列表来向该UE传输所发现的UE的列表，如框940。
在一个实施例中，物理上行链路信道可以是物理上行链路控制信道(PUCCH)或物理上行链路共享信道(PUSCH)。在一个实施例中，使用PUSCH来接收所接收的UE的Temp ID列表。在另一实施例中，使用PDSCH来向该UE发送所发现的UE的列表。在另一实施例中，TempID相对于邻近于该eNB的多个小区是唯一的。在一个实施例中，D2D发现资源的数量基于由该节点服务的小区内的UE的数目而改变。
图10使用了用来示出可操作以与UE进行通信的服务器的计算机电路的一个实施例的功能的流程图，其中，该UE被配置为在D2D网络中进行通信。该功能可以被实现为可以作为指令在机器上被运行的方法或功能，其中，这些指令被包括在至少一个计算机可读介质或一个非暂态机器可读存储介质上。计算机电路可以被配置为向UE分配Temp ID，其中，该Temp ID被配置为使得该UE能够从由eNB分配的D2D发现资源中选择出用于D2D发现的UED2D发现资源，如框1010。计算机电路还可以被配置为在由eNB所分配的D2D发现资源中接收由UE发现的Temp ID列表，如框1020。计算机电路还可以被配置为针对所发现的Temp ID列表，公布与每个Temp ID相关联的UE标识的列表以传输至UE，从而使得该UE能够发现其他UE并且形成D2D链路，如框1030。
在一个实施例中，可用来由服务器进行分配的Temp ID的数目足以允许由eNB服务的每个UE具有唯一的D2D发现资源。在另一实施例中，Temp ID和映射规则使得UE能够在由eNB分配的D2D发现资源内选择UE D2D发现资源源位置。在另一实施例中，映射规则包括RB中的资源要素的数目乘以被添加到序列ID中的RB块索引。在一个实施例中，基于Temp ID在UE处确定RB索引。在另一实施例中，基于Temp ID在UE处确定RB索引。在一个实施例中，基于Temp ID在UE处确定序列ID。在另一实施例中，新的RB索引通过用78调制RB索引和序列ID总和被计算。在一个实施例中，计算机电路还被配置为通过向已经发送D2D发现信标的UE分配新的Temp ID来防止半双工。
另一示例提供了用于由eNB向UE分配D2D发现资源的方法，如图11中的流程图所示。该方法可以作为指令在机器、计算机电路、或节点(例如，eNB)的处理器上执行，其中，这些指令被包括在至少一个计算机可读介质或一个非暂态机器可读存储介质上。该方法包括在UE处从eNB接收临时标识(Temp ID)的分配，其中，Temp ID对在由eNB服务的小区内进行操作的每个UE而言是唯一的，如框1110。该方法包括基于Temp ID针对由UE进行的D2D发现信标的传输在PUCCH中识别唯一的传输位置，如框1120。该方法包括在唯一的传输位置处从UE发送D2D发现信标，以使得其他D2D设备能够发现该UE，如框1130。
在一个实施例中，可用来由服务器进行分配的Temp ID的数目足以允许由eNB服务的每个UE具有唯一的D2D发现资源。在另一实施例中，Temp ID和映射规则使得UE能够在由eNB分配的D2D发现资源内选择UE D2D发现资源源位置。在另一实施例中，基于Temp ID在UE处确定RB索引。在一个实施例中，基于Temp ID在UE处确定序列ID。在另一实施例中，通过由78调制RB索引和序列ID总和来计算新的RB索引。在另一实施例中，计算机电路还被配置为通过向已经发送D2D发现信标的UE分配新的Temp ID来防止半双工。
图12使用曲线图来示出UE的数目与用于能量检测的阈值。在图12中，ND是所发现(一个时隙的发现)的UE的数目，并且γ是用于能量检测的阈值。在一根发射(Tx)天线和两根接收(Rx)天线的能量检测的情形中，可以使用0dB阈值，这与99％的检测概率和0.1％的虚警概率相对应。
图13使用曲线图来示出UE的数目与距离m。在图13中，γ等于0dB，其中，可以使用0dB阈值，这与99％的检测概率和0.1％的虚警概率相对应。
图14使用曲线图来示出在小于R的距离处发现的UE的平均百分比。
图15提供了无线设备(例如，用户设备(UE)、移动站(MS)、移动无线设备、移动通信设备、平板、手机、或其他类型的无线设备)的示例图解。无线设备可以包括一根或多根天线，该一根或多根天线被配置为与节点或传输站(例如，基站(BS)、演进型节点B(eNB)、基带单元(BBU)、远程射频头端(RRH)、远程无线电设备(RRE)、中继站(RS)、无线电设备(RE)、远程无线电单元(RRU)、中央处理模块(CPM)、或其他类型的无线广域网(WWAN)接入点)进行通信。无线设备可以被配置为使用至少一个无线通信标准(包括3GPP LTE、WiMAX、高速分组接入(HSPA)、蓝牙、以及Wi-Fi)进行通信。无线设备可以针对每个无线通信标准使用单独的天线或者针对多个无线通信标准使用共享天线。无线设备可以在无线局域网(WLAN)、无线个域网(WPAN)和/或WWAN中进行通信。
图15还提供了麦克风和一个或多个扬声器的图解，该麦克风和一个或多个扬声器可以被用于从无线设备的音频输入和来自无线设备的音频输出。显示屏可以是液晶显示(LCD)屏、或者其他类型的显示屏(例如，有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器)。显示屏可以被配置为触摸屏。触摸屏可以使用电容性触摸屏技术、电阻性触摸屏技术、或另一类型的触摸屏技术。应用处理器和图像处理器可以被耦合到内部存储器，以提供处理和显示能力。非易失性存储器端口也可以被用来向用户提供数据输入/输出选项。非易失性存储器端口还可以被用来扩大无线设备的存储器容量。可以将键盘与无线设备进行集成，或者键盘被无线连接到无线设备以提供附加的用户输入。也可以使用触摸屏来提供虚拟键盘。
各种技术或者其某些方面或部分可以采用被嵌入到有形介质(例如，软盘、CD-ROM、硬驱动器、非暂态计算机可读存储介质、或任意其他机器可读存储介质)中的程序代码(即，指令)的形式，其中，程序代码被加载到机器(例如，计算机)中并且由该机器运行，该机器成为用于实施各种技术的装置。在程序代码在可编程计算机上运行的情形中，计算设备可以包括处理器、处理器可读的存储介质(包括易失性和非易失性存储器和/或存储元件)、至少一个输入设备、以及至少一个输出设备。易失性和非易失性存储器和/或存储元件可以是RAM、EPROM、闪速驱动器、光驱动器、磁性硬驱动器、或用于存储电子数据的其他介质。基站和移动站还可以包括收发机模块、计数器模块、处理模块、和/或时钟模块或定时器模块。可以实现或使用本文所描述的各种技术的一个或多个程序可以使用应用程序界面(API)、可再用控制等。这样的程序可以被实现于高层程序或面向对象的编程语言中，从而与计算机系统进行通信。然而，(一个或多个)程序可以按需被实现于组件或机器语言中。在任何情形中，语言可以是编译型语言或解释型语言，并且将其与硬件实现方式相结合。
应当理解，本说明书中所描述的功能单元中的许多功能单元以被标记为模块，以便更加着重强调其实现方式的独立性。例如，模块可以被实现为硬件电路，该硬件电路包括常规VLSI电路或门阵列、现成的半导体(例如，逻辑芯片、晶体管、或其他分立组件)。模块还可以被实现于可编程硬件设备(例如，现场可编程门阵列、可编程阵列逻辑、可编程逻辑器件，等等)中。
模块还可以被实现于由各种类型的处理器来运行的软件中。所标识的可执行代码的模块例如可以包括计算机指令的一个或多个物理块或逻辑块，其例如可以被组织为对象、程序、或功能。然而，所标识的模块的可执行性不需要物理上位于一起，而是可以包括存储于不同位置中的不同的指令，当这些存储于不同位置中的不同的指令在逻辑上被结合在一起时，其包括该模块并且实现该模块所声明的目的。
实际上，可执行代码的模块可以是单个指令、或许多指令，并且甚至可以跨若干个存储器设备且在不同的程序间被分布于若干个不同的代码段上。类似地，操作数据在本文中可以在模块内被识别和说明，并且可以以任意适当的形式被嵌入并且被组织到任意适当类型的数据结构中。操作数据可以被收集为单个数据集，或者可以被分布于不不同的位置(包括不同的存储设备上)，并且可以至少部分地仅作为系统或网络上的电子信号而存在。模块可以是无源的或是有源的，包括可操作以执行所期望的功能的代理。
贯穿本说明书对“示例”的指代意思是结合该示例所描述的特定特征、结构、或特点被包括在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此，贯穿本说明书在各个位置出现的短语“在示例中”不一定全部指代同一实施例。
如本文所使用的，为方便起见，多个项、结构元件、组成要素、和/或材料可以被呈现在一般列表中。然而，这些列表应该被理解为好像列表中的每个成员被独立标识为单独且唯一的成员一样。因此，基于其在一般群组中的呈现而无需相反的指示，这样的列表中的独立成员不应该被解释为同一列表的任意其他成员的事实上的等同。此外，本发明的各种实施例和示例在本文可以随着其各种组分的替代一起被指代。应当理解，这样的实施例、示例和替代不被解释为彼此的事实上的等同，而被考虑为对本发明的独立且自主的表示。
而且，所描述的特征、结构、或特点可以在一个或多个实施例中以任意适当的方式进行组合。在如下的描述中，提供了大量具体细节(例如，布局的示例、距离、网络示例等)，以提供对本发明的实施例的透彻的理解。然而，相关领域的技术人员将认识到，可以在无需这些具体细节中的一个或多个的情况下实施本发明，或者利用其它方法、组件、布局等来实施本发明。在其它实例中，为了避免模糊本发明的各方面，对众所周知的结构、材料、或操作未进行详细示出或描述。
尽管前面的示例是在一个或多个特定应用中对本发明的原理的说明，但在不背离本发明的概念和原理并且无需发明人员的练习的情况下，可以在实现方式的形式、使用和细节上做出大量修改，这对于本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，除所附权利要求所提出的之外，不意欲对本发明进行限制。

Claims (1)

1.一种用户设备(UE)，所述UE可操作以在设备到设备(D2D)网络中进行通信，所述UE具有计算机电路，所述计算机电路被配置为：
从增强型节点B(eNB)接收临时标识(Temp ID)；
从所述eNB接收物理上行链路信道内的D2D发现资源分配；
基于所述Temp ID从所述D2D发现资源分配中选择UE D2D发现资源；以及
发送来自所述UE D2D发现资源的D2D发现信标，以使得其他UE能够对所述UE进行检测。
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