CN111253192A - Navel orange planting soil conditioner with insecticidal effect and improvement method thereof - Google Patents
Navel orange planting soil conditioner with insecticidal effect and improvement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111253192A CN111253192A CN202010183229.9A CN202010183229A CN111253192A CN 111253192 A CN111253192 A CN 111253192A CN 202010183229 A CN202010183229 A CN 202010183229A CN 111253192 A CN111253192 A CN 111253192A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of humus and 40-80 parts of wood chips; 80-100 parts of rotten navel orange fruits; 60-70 parts of swill; 25-35 parts of medical stone powder; 5-10 parts of biomass charcoal; 2-5 parts of an enzyme composition; 2-4 parts of a leavening agent; 0.5-1 part of beauveria bassiana; 1-2 parts of tea saponin; according to the invention, humus, medical stone powder and biochar are used as basic modifiers, so that the planting capacity of the planting soil is comprehensively improved, enrichment treatment is conveniently carried out by matching with super-enriched plants, and the problem that the plants cannot grow or grow slowly due to soil pollution is avoided. According to the invention, organic matters and humic acid are provided through fermentation products of rotten fruits, swill and sawdust, so that the disease resistance, disease prevention and cold resistance of oranges can be effectively enhanced, the growth speed of the oranges is accelerated, plants are robust, the fruiting rate is increased, the yield is increased, and the taste of the oranges is effectively improved; the invention adds medical stone powder, and the improved soil can effectively improve the yield of radish.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect.
Background
The method is characterized in that the total characteristics of the soil heavy metal pollution in Jiangxi province are researched on the basis of investigation and research by authors, and the soil heavy metal pollution in Jiangxi province is characterized by high ① content, high total heavy metal content in the soil in Jiangxi province which exceeds the background value of the soil by several times or even dozens of times and wide ② pollution surface.
The rare earth resources in parts of areas in the west of the Yangtze river are rich, the local soil is inevitably polluted in the process of rare earth mining, rare earth sulfate and ammonium hydroxide are formed in the soil in the process of extracting the rare earth, and then the rare earth oxalate or ammonium carbonate is formed through the precipitation of oxalic acid or ammonium carbonate, so that the whole process from ore mining to ore taking is basically completed, sulfate radicals and ammonium ions which are main components of the fertilizer are remained in the soil, and if the concentration is too high, the roots of plants are burnt. On the other hand, the remaining tailings also contain a lot of heavy metals, and the heavy metals enter the ground surface and underground water along with the water and soil loss, so that the drinking water source and agricultural irrigation water source of local residents are seriously influenced.
Therefore, in the areas such as Jiangxi, where rare earth ore is relatively enriched, due to the exploitation of rare earth, the soil of peripheral farmlands is relatively seriously affected by pollution, and the Jiangxi is used as the main producing area of navel oranges, and particularly, the planting soil can be improved to solve the adverse effect of soil pollution on navel orange planting.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a navel orange planting soil conditioner with insecticidal effect, which can effectively improve polluted soil and solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a soil conditioner for navel orange planting with insecticidal effect,
the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
as a further scheme of the invention: the enzyme composition is a composition of protease, amylase and hemicellulase, and the ratio of the protease to the amylase to the hemicellulase is 1:2: 5.
A preparation method of a navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect comprises the following steps:
step one, swill pretreatment: the swill material obtained by filtering swill through a 100-mesh screen is treated by an extruder to obtain the swill material treated for the first time; crushing the swill material to obtain swill slurry;
step two, wood chip pretreatment: firstly, crushing sawdust into fine sawdust powder with the weight of more than 60 meshes, then adding water with the weight same as that of the fine sawdust powder, heating to 100 ℃, stirring for 2 hours, and cooling to obtain wet sawdust;
step three, navel orange rotten fruit pretreatment: mixing rotten navel oranges with 10 parts of water, and then crushing to obtain rotten navel orange pulp;
step four, mixing the swill slurry, the sawdust wet material and the rotten fruit slurry, adding the enzyme composition and the leavening agent, fermenting for 10-15 days at sealed normal temperature, and turning over once within 3-4 days to obtain fermentation liquor;
step five, adding tea saponin and beauveria bassiana into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step four, and uniformly mixing to obtain a liquid;
step six, uniformly stirring the humus, the medical stone powder and the biochar, drying and crushing to obtain powder;
and seventhly, respectively packaging the liquid and the powder to obtain the navel orange planting soil conditioner product.
A method for improving navel orange planting soil with an insecticidal effect comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing powder of a navel orange planting soil conditioner with soil to be improved to obtain mixed soil;
and secondly, applying a liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner to the mixed soil.
As a further scheme of the invention: the mixing ratio of the powder of the navel orange planting soil conditioner to the soil to be improved is 1: 10.
As a further scheme of the invention: the application amount of the liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner is 20ml per cubic meter of mixed soil.
A method for improving navel orange planting soil with an insecticidal effect comprises the following steps:
firstly, calcining the polluted soil, and cooling to obtain calcined polluted soil;
secondly, mixing the calcined contaminated soil with the navel orange planting soil conditioner powder, and paving the mixture to form a planting soil body;
laying a planting soil body into four layers which are a first planting layer, a second planting layer, a third planting layer and a fourth planting layer from top to bottom respectively, wherein the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the first planting layer is 30%, the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the second planting layer is 20%, the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the third planting layer is 15%, and the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the fourth planting layer is 10%;
fourthly, applying a liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner on the first planting layer;
fifthly, planting hyper-enriched plants on the first planting layer;
sixthly, after the hyper-enriched plants are harvested for 3 times, shoveling the uppermost improved and purified planting layer;
and seventhly, repeating the fourth, fifth and sixth steps until all layers of mixed polluted soil of the planting soil body are improved and purified.
As a further scheme of the invention: the depths of the first planting layer, the second planting layer, the third planting layer and the fourth planting layer are all 40 cm.
As a further scheme of the invention: the application amount of the liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner is 20ml per cubic meter of mixed soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, humus, medical stone powder and biochar are used as basic modifiers, so that the planting capacity of the planting soil is comprehensively improved, the super-enriched plants are conveniently matched for further enrichment treatment, and the problem that plants cannot grow or grow slowly due to soil pollution is avoided.
According to the invention, organic matters and humic acid are provided through fermentation products of rotten fruits, swill and sawdust, so that the disease resistance, disease prevention and cold resistance of oranges can be effectively enhanced, the growth speed of the oranges is accelerated, plants are robust, the fruiting rate is increased, the yield is increased, and the taste of the oranges is effectively improved.
According to the invention, the beauveria bassiana and the tea saponin are added as biological pesticides, so that pests can be effectively killed, and the increase of plant diseases and insect pests caused by the addition of the organic fermentation product is inhibited.
The invention adds medical stone powder, and the improved soil can effectively improve the yield of radish.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below, and it should be noted that the following detailed description is provided for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, which is defined by the appended claims.
Example one
A navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the enzyme composition is a composition of protease, amylase and hemicellulase, and the ratio of the protease to the amylase to the hemicellulase is 1:2: 5.
According to the invention, humus, medical stone powder and biochar are used as basic modifiers, so that the planting capacity of the planting soil is comprehensively improved, the super-enriched plants are conveniently matched for further enrichment treatment, and the problem that plants cannot grow or grow slowly due to soil pollution is avoided.
According to the invention, organic matters and humic acid are provided through fermentation products of rotten fruits, swill and sawdust, so that the disease resistance, disease prevention and cold resistance of oranges can be effectively enhanced, the growth speed of the oranges is accelerated, plants are robust, the fruiting rate is increased, the yield is increased, and the taste of the oranges is effectively improved.
According to the invention, the beauveria bassiana and the tea saponin are added as biological pesticides, so that pests can be effectively killed, and the increase of plant diseases and insect pests caused by the addition of the organic fermentation product is inhibited.
Example two
A navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the enzyme composition is a composition of protease, amylase and hemicellulase, and the ratio of the protease to the amylase to the hemicellulase is 1:2: 5.
EXAMPLE III
A navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the enzyme composition is a composition of protease, amylase and hemicellulase, and the ratio of the protease to the amylase to the hemicellulase is 1:2: 5.
Example four
A navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the enzyme composition is a composition of protease, amylase and hemicellulase, and the ratio of the protease to the amylase to the hemicellulase is 1:2: 5.
EXAMPLE five
A navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the enzyme composition is a composition of protease, amylase and hemicellulase, and the ratio of the protease to the amylase to the hemicellulase is 1:2: 5.
EXAMPLE six
A navel orange planting soil conditioner with an insecticidal effect comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the enzyme composition is a composition of protease, amylase and hemicellulase, and the ratio of the protease to the amylase to the hemicellulase is 1:2: 5.
EXAMPLE seven
A preparation method of a navel orange planting soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
step one, swill pretreatment: the swill material obtained by filtering swill through a 100-mesh screen is treated by an extruder to obtain the swill material treated for the first time; crushing the swill material to obtain swill slurry;
step two, wood chip pretreatment: firstly, crushing sawdust into fine sawdust powder with the weight of more than 60 meshes, then adding water with the weight same as that of the fine sawdust powder, heating to 100 ℃, stirring for 2 hours, and cooling to obtain wet sawdust;
step three, navel orange rotten fruit pretreatment: mixing rotten navel oranges with 10 parts of water, and then crushing to obtain rotten navel orange pulp;
step four, mixing the swill slurry, the sawdust wet material and the rotten fruit slurry, adding the enzyme composition and the leavening agent, fermenting for 10-15 days at sealed normal temperature, and turning over once within 3-4 days to obtain fermentation liquor;
step five, adding tea saponin and beauveria bassiana into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step four, and uniformly mixing to obtain a liquid;
step six, uniformly stirring the humus, the medical stone powder and the biochar, drying and crushing to obtain powder;
and seventhly, respectively packaging the liquid and the powder to obtain the navel orange planting soil conditioner product.
Example eight
The method for improving the navel orange planting soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing powder of a navel orange planting soil conditioner with soil to be improved to obtain mixed soil;
and secondly, applying a liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner to the mixed soil.
Preferably, the method for applying the liquid agent of the soil conditioner in the second step is surface spraying.
Preferably, the mixing ratio of the powder of the navel orange planting soil conditioner to the soil to be improved is 1: 10.
Preferably, the application amount of the liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner is 20ml per cubic meter of mixed soil.
Example nine
The method for improving the navel orange planting soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
firstly, calcining the polluted soil, and cooling to obtain calcined polluted soil;
secondly, mixing the calcined contaminated soil with the navel orange planting soil conditioner powder, and paving the mixture to form a planting soil body;
laying a planting soil body into four layers which are a first planting layer, a second planting layer, a third planting layer and a fourth planting layer from top to bottom respectively, wherein the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the first planting layer is 30%, the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the second planting layer is 20%, the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the third planting layer is 15%, and the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the fourth planting layer is 10%;
fourthly, applying a liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner on the first planting layer;
fifthly, planting hyper-enriched plants on the first planting layer;
sixthly, after the hyper-enriched plants are harvested for 3 times, shoveling the uppermost improved and purified planting layer;
and seventhly, repeating the fourth, fifth and sixth steps until all layers of mixed polluted soil of the planting soil body are improved and purified.
Preferably, the depths of the first planting layer, the second planting layer, the third planting layer and the fourth planting layer are all 40 cm.
Preferably, the application amount of the liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner is 20ml per cubic meter of mixed soil.
Soil improvement test
The test standard of the test adopts the standard of GB 15618-1995;
the test field is Jiangxi Shicheng county; the contaminated soil is taken from the region with serious heavy metal pollution in Jiangxi.
The modified method of example nine was used in the test;
the hyper-enriched plant is rhizoma Dryopteris Crassirhizomatis.
In the first to sixth test sampling of the embodiment, the planted soil is uniformly mixed after being completely improved and purified, and then is backfilled for sampling.
Comparative example 1 design: and (3) paving the contaminated soil layer, planting the super-enriched plants on the contaminated soil layer, harvesting the super-enriched plants on the planted soil bodies of the first to eighth embodiments at the same time, and sampling after 12 times of harvesting.
The test areas of the first to sixth examples and the comparative example were all 5 acres.
Test results
The test results are given in the following table: (mol/kg)
It should be noted that, because soil acidity is easy to repair, the PH of the soil in the above detection process is greater than 6.5 and less than or equal to 7.5.
The test results show that the navel orange planting soil conditioner has a good heavy metal purification effect, and can effectively improve heavy metal contaminated soil;
in comparative example 1, the soil environment quality is only close to the secondary standard, but the overall purification and improvement effect on the polluted soil is poor
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
2. the insecticidal navel orange planting soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the enzyme composition is a composition of protease, amylase and hemicellulase, and the ratio of protease to amylase to hemicellulase is 1:2: 5.
3. A method for preparing a soil conditioner for navel orange planting having insecticidal effect as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:
step one, swill pretreatment: the swill material obtained by filtering swill through a 100-mesh screen is treated by an extruder to obtain the swill material treated for the first time; crushing the swill material to obtain swill slurry;
step two, wood chip pretreatment: firstly, crushing sawdust into fine sawdust powder with the weight of more than 60 meshes, then adding water with the weight same as that of the fine sawdust powder, heating to 100 ℃, stirring for 2 hours, and cooling to obtain wet sawdust;
step three, navel orange rotten fruit pretreatment: mixing rotten navel oranges with 10 parts of water, and then crushing to obtain rotten navel orange pulp;
step four, mixing the swill slurry, the sawdust wet material and the rotten fruit slurry, adding the enzyme composition and the leavening agent, fermenting for 10-15 days at sealed normal temperature, and turning over once within 3-4 days to obtain fermentation liquor;
step five, adding tea saponin and beauveria bassiana into the fermentation liquor obtained in the step four, and uniformly mixing to obtain a liquid;
step six, uniformly stirring the humus, the medical stone powder and the biochar, drying and crushing to obtain powder;
and seventhly, respectively packaging the liquid and the powder to obtain the navel orange planting soil conditioner product.
4. The improvement method of the insecticidal navel orange planting soil conditioner, according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, mixing powder of a navel orange planting soil conditioner with soil to be improved to obtain mixed soil;
and secondly, applying a liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner to the mixed soil.
5. The method for improving soil conditioner for navel orange planting having insecticidal effect according to claim 4, wherein the powder of the soil conditioner for navel orange planting is mixed with the soil to be improved at a ratio of 1: 10.
6. The method for improving soil conditioner for navel orange planting according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the liquid agent applied to the soil conditioner for navel orange planting is 20ml per cubic meter of mixed soil.
7. The improvement method of the insecticidal navel orange planting soil conditioner, according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, calcining the polluted soil, and cooling to obtain calcined polluted soil;
secondly, mixing the calcined contaminated soil with the navel orange planting soil conditioner powder, and paving the mixture to form a planting soil body;
laying a planting soil body into four layers which are a first planting layer, a second planting layer, a third planting layer and a fourth planting layer from top to bottom respectively, wherein the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the first planting layer is 30%, the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the second planting layer is 20%, the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the third planting layer is 15%, and the proportion of the medium navel orange planting soil conditioner powder in the fourth planting layer is 10%;
fourthly, applying a liquid agent of the navel orange planting soil conditioner on the first planting layer;
fifthly, planting hyper-enriched plants on the first planting layer;
sixthly, after the hyper-enriched plants are harvested for 3 times, shoveling the uppermost improved and purified planting layer;
and seventhly, repeating the fourth, fifth and sixth steps until all layers of mixed polluted soil of the planting soil body are improved and purified.
8. The improvement method of the insecticidal navel orange planting soil conditioner, according to claim 7, wherein the depths of the first planting layer, the second planting layer, the third planting layer and the fourth planting layer are all 40 cm.
9. The method for improving soil conditioner for navel orange planting according to claim 7, wherein the amount of the liquid agent applied to the soil conditioner for navel orange planting is 20ml per cubic meter of mixed soil.
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