CN105170641A - Combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
Combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105170641A CN105170641A CN201510635676.2A CN201510635676A CN105170641A CN 105170641 A CN105170641 A CN 105170641A CN 201510635676 A CN201510635676 A CN 201510635676A CN 105170641 A CN105170641 A CN 105170641A
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined remediation method for heavy metal contaminated soil. The method includes the steps that charcoal base fertilizer is applied to the heavy metal contaminated soil, and the charcoal base fertilizer and the soil are evenly mixed and then aged; after ageing is over, ricinus communis is planted, then a microorganism complex microbial inoculant is inoculated into the soil, and the ricinus communis is overall removed after ricinus communis fruits are harvested; after the ricinus communis plant is overall removed, charcoal base fertilizer is applied again into the soil where the ricinus communis is planted, and the charcoal base fertilizer and the soil are evenly mixed and aged; after ageing is over, a willow is planted, a microorganism complex microbial inoculant is inoculated into the soil, and the willow is overall removed after a certain period; and the steps are executed cyclically and repeatedly until the content of heavy metal in the soil reaches the safety standard. The combined remediation method is good in soil governing effect, fast in effect taking, short in time, capable of beautifying the environment while the heavy metal contaminated soil is governed and high in practicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to contaminated soil and administer field, particularly a kind of combined remediation method of heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Background technology
The pollution that the existing arable land of China has nearly 1/5 to be subject in various degree, contaminated soil will cause crop production reduction, even likely cause pollutant in agricultural product to exceed standard, and then be detrimental to health.In addition, along with the acceleration of economic development and urbanization, the contaminated sites that industrial and mining enterprises cause is also very serious.Due to change and the adjustment of the industrial structure and city layout, some contaminating enterprises such as chemical industry, metallurgy moves one after another, and add the bankruptcy of some enterprises, contaminated site constantly produces.Soil is the important substance basis of human society activity in production, is natural resources that is indispensable, that be difficult to regeneration.Do not have the contaminated site processed will be Chemical Time Bomb, once large area outburst will cause impact difficult to the appraisal to national sustainable development, therefore must be paid much attention to the prevention of soil pollution and contaminated soil remediation.Therefore be necessary properly management and repaired, making it obtain Appropriate application.
Along with the high speed development of modern economy, the activity of the mankind causes the heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, zinc and chromium and constantly discharges in environment, accumulates in soil, and produces harm by food chain to human body, and the soil of depending on for existence to people's point brings serious pollution.Due to heavy metal enter soil after not easily decompose, transform or enrichment, and the complexity of this body structure of soil system, make the improvement of heavy metal pollution of soil become very difficult.Therefore the toxic heavy metal contamination in soil system and control are difficult point and the focus of STUDY ON SPATIAL SOIL ECOLOGY always.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of plant difficulty low, avoid environmental pollution, do not enter food chain and can increase soil fertility, the combined remediation method of the comprehensive heavy-metal contaminated soil of rehabilitating soil.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A combined remediation method for heavy-metal contaminated soil, comprises the following steps:
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 60 ~ 70 days;
2) after charcoal base manure ageing in step 1) terminates, plant the castor-oil plant in 1 ~ 2 cycle continuously, each cycle, complex microbial inoculum was inoculated in soil after having planted by castor-oil plant, with castor-oil plant fruit maturation harvest home for one-period, after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, castor-oil plant entirety is removed;
3) until step 2) in after castor-oil plant plant entirety removes, again apply charcoal base manure in the soil of planting castor-oil plant, mix, ageing 60 ~ 70 days;
4) after charcoal base manure ageing in step 3) terminates continuously plantation 1 ~ 2 cycle willow, each cycle willow after having planted, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, after each end cycle, willow entirety is removed, with 10 ~ 12 months for one-period;
5) execution step 1) ~ step 4) is cycled to repeat, until the content of heavy metal in soil reaches safety standard.
Preferably, described charcoal base manure comprises: the high temperature furnace slag of the magnesium chloride of the charcoal that the castor-oil plant of 80 ~ 90 weight portions or willow discarded object are made, the sodium sulphate of 3 ~ 5 weight portions, 4 ~ 6 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 3 ~ 4 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 8 ~ 12 weight portions, the urea of 10 ~ 14 weight portions and 6 ~ 8 weight portions.
Preferably, described complex microbial inoculum comprises: lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus, and the weight ratio of described lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus is 3 ~ 5:1.5 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 1:0.5 ~ 1:2 ~ 4.
Preferably, the sowing amount of described charcoal base manure is 5 ~ 8kg/ mu, and the described complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated in soil is 0.5 ~ 0.8kg/ mu.
Preferably, described charcoal base manure granulating disc makes the particle that particle diameter is 5 ~ 6mm.
Preferably, the preparation process of described charcoal is:
1) castor-oil plant or willow discarded object obtain Organic carbon product through charing process, and Organic carbon product is dried at 80 ~ 90 DEG C, pulverizes;
2) step 1) gained Organic carbon product is placed in 450 ~ 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove, is cooled to room temperature;
3) by step 2) products therefrom mix with volume ratio 1 ~ 2.5:1 with the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of mass fraction 5% after pickling 1 ~ 3h, then with deionized water rinsing to neutral, to filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to room temperature, grinding is sieved, and packs for subsequent use.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described charcoal is 2 ~ 3mm.
Preferably, the method for described plantation castor-oil plant is seedling plantation, and described seedling plantation is: top layer 10 ~ 15cm degree of depth plantation of vertically being tilted by the seedling of 28 ~ 30cm 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 20 ~ 25cm, and line-spacing is 20 ~ 25cm.
Preferably, described seedling selects the H by 15% ~ 20%
2o
2disinfect the castor-oil plant seedling that 12h is soaked in the washing of rear distilled water, full seed and the castor seeds do not sunk grow up to.
Preferably, described willow selects the willow seedling of 1.5 ~ 2m to plant.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. castor-oil plant is as important industrial crops, plantation difficulty is low, be applicable to establishing in large scale, effectively prevent pollutant as non-consumption plant for rehabilitating soil and again enter food chain, gained castor seeds can manufacture oil, decrease the secondary pollution that can cause in rehabilitating soil to greatest extent, willow also has certain sight as a kind of green plants simultaneously, this not only can not spoiled soil ecological environment, also contribute to improving organic contamination and the soil degradation that causes and productivity decline, earth's surface long-term stability can be made to recover, and improve bio-diversity.
2. the applying of charcoal base manure of the present invention can maintain and improve each heavy metal species in soil physico-chemical property, absorption fixing soil, and the growth for plant provides certain advantage.
3. the interpolation of microorganism, be conducive to bacterium surely to grow at plant rhizosphere, microorganism is adaptable to soil environment, various component microorganism synergy, heavy metal is extracted to the growth of plant and root system and plays good facilitation, the patience of plant can be increased better, promote that plant grows in the soil of heavy metal pollution, improve the absorption repair ability of plant heavy metal contaminated soil.
4. the present invention is by after the charcoal pickling a period of time of the castor-oil plant and willow discarded object gained of administering soil, repeatedly embathe to neutrality by deionized water, then dry, charing material is separated with the solution containing heavy metal, heavy metal can carries out recycling.
In a word, the present invention is a kind of safety, environmental protection, efficient, economic and practical heavy-metal contaminated soil combined remediation method, and heavy metal is fixed, passivation and aging effect are given prominence to, and does not bring secondary pollution, nontoxicity, has reliable biological safety to soil crop and ecological environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, set forth content of the present invention further.
Charcoal with rice husk, stalk or in the soil of heavy metal pollution plantation after results castor-oil plant and willow Litter (root, stem, leaf etc.) for charcoal source obtain, wherein pH is 8.28, and specific area reaches 4.5 ~ 750m
2/ g, middle pore specific surface area is 6.5 ~ 400m
2/ g, pore volume is 0.0055 ~ 0.6500ml/g, and middle pore volume is 0.0035 ~ 0.5500ml/g.
In complex microbial inoculum, lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus are commercially available prod, wherein lactic acid bacteria 1,000,000,000 cfu/ gram, pseudomonas aeruginosa 500,000,000 cfu/ gram, bacillus subtilis 10,000,000,000 cfu/ gram, bacillus licheniformis 20,000,000,000 cfu/ gram, streptomyces microflavus 1,000,000,000 cfu/ gram.
Sample prescription division is carried out in monoblock Experimental Area, and length and width are 5m, and stay the wide ridge for 0.8m between each sample prescription, each sample prescription arranges 5 sampled points according to diagonal principle.Take the soil of top layer, experimental plot 0 ~ 25cm, shady and cool ventilation dries, and removes impurity.Measure soil pH 6.7, the concentration of heavy metal Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is respectively 367.2,425.3,146.8,968.4,43.6 and 84.6mg/kg.
According to national standard of soil environment quality GB15618-2008, soil pH is when 6.5 ~ 7.5, nonirrigated farmland, agricultural land heavy metal Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As secondary standard value are respectively 250,80,0.45,100,0.70 and 30mg/kg, therefore, there is more serious heavy metal pollution in above-mentioned monoblock Experimental Area.
Embodiment 1
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of test block heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 60 days;
2) plant castor-oil plant until charcoal base manure ageing in step 1) after terminating, select the H by 20%
2o
2disinfect then distilled water washing and soak 12h, full seed top layer 10cm degree of depth plantation and the healthy seedling that annual logical castor No. 5 castor seeds sunk grow up to 30cm vertically tilts 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 20cm, and line-spacing is 25cm.Irregularly to water weeding, to ensure castor-oil plant normal growth.In the last ten-days period in March, in experiment, Tanaka plants annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants in 2 cycles continuously, each cycle castor-oil plant after having planted, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, castor-oil plant entirety is removed;
3) until step 2) in after annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plant plant entirety remove, again apply charcoal base manure in the soil of planting castor-oil plant, mix, ageing 60 days;
4) after in step 3), the ageing of charcoal base manure terminates, in the first tenday period of a month in three months, select the white skin willow seedling plantation willow of healthy healthy and strong 1.5m, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil after having planted by willow, willow entirety is removed after 12 months;
Repeated execution of steps 1) ~ step 4) once, the content of heavy metal in soil reaches safety standard.
Step 2) and step 4) in annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants of removing and Bai Pi willow discarded object and rice husk, stalk obtains Organic carbon product through charing process, Organic carbon product is pulverized after drying at 90 DEG C, be placed in the 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove constant temperature, the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of 5% are with pickling 3h after volume ratio 2.5:1 mixing, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing again, filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to after room temperature until temperature, obtained charcoal mortar is ground and crosses 2mm sieve, pack for subsequent use, then by the sodium sulphate of the charcoal of 80 weight portions and 3 weight portions, the magnesium chloride of 4 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 3 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 8 weight portions, the urea of 10 weight portions, the high temperature furnace slag of 6 weight portions is admixed together and stir and obtain charcoal base manure, it is that the charcoal base manure applying 8kg/ mu after the particle of 5mm was planted to step 1) and step 3) in the soil of the heavy metal pollution of castor-oil plant or willow that charcoal base manure granulating disc makes particle diameter.
Step 2) and step 4) in complex microbial inoculum with lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus be respectively 3:1.5:0.5:0.5:2 weight ratio preparation, the complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated on soil is 0.7kg/ mu.
After said method is administered test block soil, heavy metal in soil content reaches soil safety standard, result shows: be compared to native soil, soil pH rises to 7.1, and the concentration of heavy metal Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is respectively 168.3,74.7,0.38,87.4,0.65 and 23.6mg/kg, the concentration of heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As have dropped 54.15% respectively, 82.44%, 99.74%, 90.97%, 98.51%, 72.10%.
Embodiment 2
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of test block heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 70 days;
2) plant castor-oil plant until charcoal base manure ageing in step 1) after terminating, select the H by 20%
2o
2disinfect then distilled water washing and soak 12h, full seed top layer 15cm degree of depth plantation and the healthy seedling that oily castor No. 5 castor seeds sunk grow up to 28cm vertically tilts 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 25cm, and line-spacing is 20cm.Irregularly to water weeding, to ensure castor-oil plant normal growth.In the last ten-days period in March, plant annual oily castor No. 5 castor-oil plants in continuously 2 cycles of plantation experiment Tanaka, each cycle castor-oil plant after having planted, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, castor-oil plant entirety is removed;
3) until step 2) in after oily castor No. 5 castor-oil plant plant entirety remove, again apply charcoal base manure in the soil of planting castor-oil plant, mix, ageing 70 days;
4) after in step 3), the ageing of charcoal base manure terminates, in the first tenday period of a month in three months, select the white skin willow seedling plantation willow of healthy healthy and strong 2m, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil after having planted by willow, willow entirety is removed after 12 months;
Repeated execution of steps 1) ~ step 4) once, the content of heavy metal in soil reaches safety standard.
Step 2) and step 4) in oily castor No. 5 castor-oil plants of removing and Bai Pi willow discarded object and rice husk, stalk obtains Organic carbon product through charing process, Organic carbon product is pulverized after drying at 90 DEG C, be placed in the 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove constant temperature, the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of 5% are with pickling 2h after volume ratio 1:1 mixing, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing again, filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to after room temperature until temperature, obtained charcoal mortar is ground and crosses 3mm sieve, pack for subsequent use, then by the sodium sulphate of the charcoal of 90 weight portions and 5 weight portions, the magnesium chloride of 6 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 4 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 12 weight portions, the urea of 14 weight portions, the high temperature furnace slag of 8 weight portions is admixed together and stir and obtain charcoal base manure, it is that the charcoal base manure applying 5kg/ mu after the particle of 6mm was planted to step 1) and step 3) in the soil of the heavy metal pollution of castor-oil plant or willow that charcoal base manure granulating disc makes particle diameter.
Step 2) and step 4) in complex microbial inoculum with lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus be respectively 3:2:0.5:1:2 weight ratio preparation, the complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated on soil is 0.6kg/ mu.
After said method is administered test block soil, heavy metal in soil content reaches soil safety standard, result shows: be compared to native soil, soil pH rises to 7.2, and the concentration of heavy metal Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is respectively 163.1,78.3,0.29,78.6,0.62 and 27.5mg/kg, the concentration of heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As have dropped 55.58% respectively, 81.59%, 99.80%, 91.88%, 98.58%, 67.49%.
Embodiment 3
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of test block heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 60 days;
2) plant castor-oil plant until charcoal base manure ageing in step 1) after terminating, select the H by 20%
2o
2disinfect then distilled water washing and soak 12h, full seed top layer 15cm degree of depth plantation and the healthy seedling that annual oily castor No. 4 castor seeds sunk grow up to 30cm vertically tilts 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 25cm, and line-spacing is 25cm.Irregularly to water weeding, to ensure castor-oil plant normal growth.In the last ten-days period in March, plant oily castor No. 4 castor-oil plants in continuously 2 cycles of plantation experiment Tanaka, each cycle castor-oil plant after having planted, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, castor-oil plant entirety is removed;
3) until step 2) in after oily castor No. 4 castor-oil plant plant entirety remove, again apply charcoal base manure in the soil of planting castor-oil plant, mix, ageing 60 days;
4) after in step 3), the ageing of charcoal base manure terminates, in the first tenday period of a month in three months, select the dry land willow willow seedling plantation willow of healthy healthy and strong 1.5m, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil after having planted by willow, willow entirety is removed after 12 months;
Repeated execution of steps 1) ~ step 4) once, the content of heavy metal in soil reaches safety standard.
Step 2) and step 4) in oily castor No. 4 castor-oil plants of removing and dry land willow willow discarded object and rice husk, stalk obtains Organic carbon product through charing process, Organic carbon product is pulverized after drying at 90 DEG C, be placed in the 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove constant temperature, the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of 5% are with pickling 2h after volume ratio 2.5:1 mixing, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing again, filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to after room temperature until temperature, obtained charcoal mortar is ground and crosses 2mm sieve, pack for subsequent use, then by the sodium sulphate of the charcoal of 90 weight portions and 3 weight portions, the magnesium chloride of 5 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 4 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 10 weight portions, the urea of 12 weight portions, the high temperature furnace slag of 8 weight portions is admixed together and stir and obtain charcoal base manure, it is that the charcoal base manure applying 6kg/ mu after the particle of 6mm was planted to step 1) and step 3) in the soil of the heavy metal pollution of castor-oil plant or willow that charcoal base manure granulating disc makes particle diameter.
Step 2) and step 4) in complex microbial inoculum with lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus be respectively 4:2:1:0.75:4 weight ratio preparation, the complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated on soil is 0.8kg/ mu.
After said method is administered test block soil, heavy metal in soil content reaches soil safety standard, result shows: be compared to native soil, soil pH rises to 7.2, and the concentration of heavy metal Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is respectively 157.6,70.2,0.37,82.5,0.54 and 22.9mg/kg, the concentration of heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As have dropped 57.08% respectively, 83.49%, 99.75%, 91.48%, 98.76%, 72.93%.
Embodiment 4
When above-mentioned Experimental Area soil contains certain rock or soil property is hard a little, following experimental technique can be taked:
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of test block heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 60 days;
2) plant castor-oil plant until charcoal base manure ageing in step 1) after terminating, select the H by 20%
2o
2disinfect then distilled water washing and soak 12h, full seed top layer 10cm degree of depth plantation and the healthy seedling that annual logical castor No. 5 castor seeds sunk grow up to 30cm vertically tilts 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 20cm, and line-spacing is 25cm.In rocky soil or the hard a little soil of soil property, it is more stable that the top layer that vertically tilted by seedling 30 degree to place into the soil can make seedling take root, and coring growth scope is more extensive, is conducive to growth of seedling.Irregularly to water weeding, to ensure castor-oil plant normal growth.In the last ten-days period in March, plant annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants in continuously 2 cycles of plantation experiment Tanaka, each cycle castor-oil plant after having planted, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, castor-oil plant entirety is removed;
3) until step 2) in after annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plant plant entirety remove, again apply charcoal base manure in the soil of planting castor-oil plant, mix, ageing 60 days;
4) after in step 3), the ageing of charcoal base manure terminates, the first tenday period of a month in three months, select the white skin willow seedling plantation willow of healthy healthy and strong 2m, its breeding is meticulously cultivated by white skin willow seedling before transplanting in helical form culture dish, white skin willow rhizome curl is grown, can ensure that Bai Piliu expands the growth area of rhizome in rocky soil or soil hard a little like this, be conducive to the growth of Bai Piliu and the reparation of heavy metal, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil after having planted by willow, willow entirety is removed after 12 months;
Repeated execution of steps 1) ~ step 4) once, the content of heavy metal in soil reaches safety standard.
Step 2) and step 4) in annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants of removing and Bai Pi willow discarded object and rice husk, stalk obtains Organic carbon product through charing process, Organic carbon product is pulverized after drying at 90 DEG C, be placed in the 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove constant temperature, the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of 5% are with pickling 3h after volume ratio 2.5:1 mixing, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing again, filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to after room temperature until temperature, obtained charcoal mortar is ground and crosses 2mm sieve, pack for subsequent use, then by the sodium sulphate of the charcoal of 90 weight portions and 4 weight portions, the magnesium chloride of 6 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 3 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 12 weight portions, the urea of 14 weight portions, the high temperature furnace slag of 8 weight portions is admixed together and stir and obtain charcoal base manure, it is that the charcoal base manure applying 8kg/ mu after the particle of 6mm was planted to step 1) and step 3) in the soil of the heavy metal pollution of castor-oil plant or willow that charcoal base manure granulating disc makes particle diameter.
Step 2) and step 4) in complex microbial inoculum with lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus be respectively 5:1.5 ~ 2:1:1:2 weight ratio preparation, the complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated on soil is 0.5kg/ mu.
After said method is administered test block soil, heavy metal in soil content reaches soil safety standard, result shows: be compared to native soil, soil pH rises to 7.1, and the concentration of heavy metal Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is respectively 163.6,75.1,0.42,96.2,0.63 and 26.8mg/kg, the concentration of heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As have dropped 55.45% respectively, 82.34%, 99.71%, 90.07%, 98.55%, 68.32%.
From the reparation result of embodiment 1 ~ 4, in heavy-metal contaminated soil, charcoal, castor-oil plant and willow can reduce the content of the heavy metal such as Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As in soil greatly through the collaborative repairing test of 5 ~ 7 years, and heavy metal Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg had repair better, the decline of heavy metal concentration is all about 90%.
In order to outstanding innovative point of the present invention, enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention, now enumerate the present invention experimental stage or the comparative example adopting prior art, and effect explanation is carried out to itself and embodiments of the invention.
Comparative example 1
In the experimental plot of above-mentioned pilot region, only plant annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants without any process, the time of plantation castor-oil plant is 7 cycles continuously, plucks end for one-period to plant castor-oil plant from castor-oil plant:
Select the H by 20%
2o
2disinfect then distilled water washing and soak 12h, full seed top layer 15cm degree of depth plantation and the healthy seedling that oily castor No. 5 castor seeds sunk grow up to 28cm vertically tilts 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 25cm, and line-spacing is 20cm.Irregularly to water weeding, to ensure castor-oil plant normal growth.The last ten-days period in March, annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants in 7 cycles of plantation are continuously planted experiment Tanaka, castor-oil plant entirety removed after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, the levels of 7 all after dates to soil ph, heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is analyzed.
Comparative example 2
In the experimental plot of above-mentioned pilot region, only plant the white skin willow without any process, the time of plantation willow is 7 cycles continuously, with 12 months for one-period:
The first tenday period of a month in three months, select the white skin willow seedling plantation willow of healthy healthy and strong 1.5m, 7 cycles of continuous plantation, after each end cycle, willow entirety is removed, with 12 months for one-period, the levels of 7 all after dates to soil ph, heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is analyzed.
Comparative example 3
The castor-oil plant of complex microbial inoculum inoculation is only planted after the process of charcoal base manure in the experimental plot of above-mentioned Experimental Area:
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of test block heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 60 days;
2) plant castor-oil plant until charcoal base manure ageing in step 1) after terminating, select the H by 20%
2o
2disinfect then distilled water washing and soak 12h, full seed top layer 10cm degree of depth plantation and the healthy seedling that annual logical castor No. 5 castor seeds sunk grow up to 30cm vertically tilts 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 20cm, and line-spacing is 25cm.Irregularly to water weeding, to ensure castor-oil plant normal growth.The last ten-days period in March, annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants in 7 cycles of plantation are continuously planted experiment Tanaka, after each cycle plantation, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, castor-oil plant entirety removed after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, the levels of 7 all after dates to soil ph, heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is analyzed.
Castor-oil plant and willow discarded object and rice husk, stalk obtains Organic carbon product through charing process, Organic carbon product is pulverized after drying at 90 DEG C, be placed in the 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove constant temperature, the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of 5% are with pickling 3h after volume ratio 2.5:1 mixing, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing again, filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to after room temperature until temperature, obtained charcoal mortar is ground and crosses 2mm sieve, pack for subsequent use, then by the sodium sulphate of the charcoal of 80 weight portions and 3 weight portions, the magnesium chloride of 4 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 3 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 8 weight portions, the urea of 10 weight portions, the high temperature furnace slag of 6 weight portions is admixed together and stir and obtain charcoal base manure, charcoal base manure granulating disc make particle diameter be apply 8kg/ mu after the particle of 5mm charcoal base manure in the soil of step 1) heavy metal pollution.
Complex microbial inoculum is respectively the weight ratio preparation of 3:1.5:0.5:0.5:2 with lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus, and the complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated on soil is 0.5kg/ mu.
Comparative example 4
The willow of complex microbial inoculum inoculation is only planted after the process of charcoal base manure in the experimental plot of above-mentioned Experimental Area:
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of test block heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 60 days;
2) the first tenday period of a month in three months, select the white skin willow seedling plantation willow of healthy healthy and strong 2m, 7 cycles of continuous plantation, after each cycle plantation, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, after each end cycle, willow entirety is removed, with 12 months for one-period, the levels of 7 all after dates to soil ph, heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is analyzed.
Castor-oil plant and willow discarded object and rice husk, stalk obtains Organic carbon product through charing process, Organic carbon product is pulverized after drying at 90 DEG C, be placed in the 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove constant temperature, the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of 5% are with pickling 3h after volume ratio 2.5:1 mixing, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing again, filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to after room temperature until temperature, obtained charcoal mortar is ground and crosses 2mm sieve, pack for subsequent use, then by the sodium sulphate of the charcoal of 80 weight portions and 3 weight portions, the magnesium chloride of 4 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 3 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 8 weight portions, the urea of 10 weight portions, the high temperature furnace slag of 6 weight portions is admixed together and stir and obtain charcoal base manure, charcoal base manure granulating disc make particle diameter be apply 8kg/ mu after the particle of 5mm charcoal base manure in the soil of step 1) heavy metal pollution.
Complex microbial inoculum is respectively the weight ratio preparation of 3:1.5:0.5:0.5:2 with lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus, and the complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated on soil is 0.6kg/ mu.
Comparative example 5
In the experimental plot of above-mentioned Experimental Area after the process of charcoal base manure, plant annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants and Bai Pi willow:
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of test block heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 60 days;
2) plant castor-oil plant until charcoal base manure ageing in step 1) after terminating, select the H by 20%
2o
2disinfect then distilled water washing and soak 12h, full seed top layer 10cm degree of depth plantation and the healthy seedling that annual logical castor No. 5 castor seeds sunk grow up to 30cm vertically tilts 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 20cm, and line-spacing is 25cm.Irregularly to water weeding, to ensure castor-oil plant normal growth.In the last ten-days period in March, annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants that experiment Tanaka plants 2 cycles of plantation continuously, after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, castor-oil plant entirety is removed;
3) until step 2) in after annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plant plant entirety remove, again apply charcoal base manure in the soil of planting castor-oil plant, mix, ageing 60 days;
4) after the ageing of charcoal base manure terminates in step 3), in the first tenday period of a month in three months, select the white skin willow seedling plantation willow of healthy healthy and strong 1.5m, after 12 months, willow entirety is removed;
Repeated execution of steps 1) ~ step 4) once after, the levels of soil ph, heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is analyzed.
Step 2) and step 4) in annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants of removing and Bai Pi willow discarded object and rice husk, stalk obtains Organic carbon product through charing process, Organic carbon product is pulverized after drying at 90 DEG C, be placed in the 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove constant temperature, the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of 5% are with pickling 3h after volume ratio 2.5:1 mixing, extremely neutral with deionized water rinsing again, filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to after room temperature until temperature, obtained charcoal mortar is ground and crosses 2mm sieve, pack for subsequent use, then by the sodium sulphate of the charcoal of 80 weight portions and 3 weight portions, the magnesium chloride of 4 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 3 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 8 weight portions, the urea of 10 weight portions, the high temperature furnace slag of 6 weight portions is admixed together and stir and obtain charcoal base manure, it is that the charcoal base manure applying 7kg/ mu after the particle of 5mm was planted to step 1) and step 3) in the soil of the heavy metal pollution of castor-oil plant or willow that charcoal base manure granulating disc makes particle diameter.
Comparative example 6
Annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants of planting and inoculating complex microbial inoculum and Bai Pi willow in the experimental plot of above-mentioned Experimental Area:
1) H by 20% is selected
2o
2disinfect then distilled water washing and soak 12h, full seed top layer 10cm degree of depth plantation and the healthy seedling that annual logical castor No. 5 castor seeds sunk grow up to 30cm vertically tilts 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 20cm, and line-spacing is 25cm.Irregularly to water weeding, to ensure castor-oil plant normal growth.In the last ten-days period in March, plant annual logical castor No. 5 castor-oil plants in continuously 2 cycles of plantation experiment Tanaka, each cycle castor-oil plant after having planted, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, castor-oil plant entirety is removed;
2) after in step 3), the ageing of charcoal base manure terminates, in the first tenday period of a month in three months, select the white skin willow seedling plantation willow of healthy healthy and strong 1.5m, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil after having planted by willow, willow entirety is removed after 12 months;
Repeated execution of steps 1) ~ step 2) once after, the levels of soil ph, heavy metal in soil Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As is analyzed.
Step 1) and step 2) in complex microbial inoculum with lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus be respectively 3:1.5:0.5:0.5:2 weight ratio preparation, the complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated on soil is 0.5kg/ mu.
Soil remediation effect
According to national standard of soil environment quality GB15618-2008, when soil pH 6.5 ~ 7.5, nonirrigated farmland, agricultural land heavy metal Zn, Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As secondary standard value are respectively 250,80,0.45,100, and 0.70 and 30mg/kg.The effect of the soil remediation method of heavy metal pollution described in the embodiment of the present invention 1 ~ 4 and comparative example 1 ~ 6 is evaluated from soil pH value, the final content of heavy metal (mg/kg) two aspects and checked, as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1,1) comparative example 1 ~ 4 and test block soil, after the reparation of 5 ~ 7 years, the content of heavy metal in soil reduces greatly, and all below national standard of soil environment quality secondary standard value, and heavy metal Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg had repair better, the decline of heavy metal concentration is all clearly.2) comparative example 1 ~ 6 is compared with embodiment 1 ~ 4, effectively collaborative reparation of plant, biological carbon, microorganism three has certain repairing effect to soil, comparatively comprehensive to the reparation of heavy metal in soil, lack the wherein repairing effect of any one restorative procedure to heavy metal-polluted soil all to decrease, the content difference that final improvement terminates rear heavy metal in soil is comparatively large, and the effect of repairing within identical repair time is but comparatively slow.3) comparative example 1,2 and embodiment 1 ~ 4 or compared with, can find out that the repairing and treating effect of single plant heavy metal soil is slower, effect is poor, and to the reparation of heavy metal in soil absorb also have certain selective, comparatively unilateral during this reparation for soil, comparatively speaking, in embodiment 1 ~ 4, the reparation of the method heavy metal soil of combine d bioremediation is more specific and comprehensive.4) as can be seen from comparative example 1 and comparative example 3 and comparative example 2 compared with comparative example 4, independent reparation and the plant cooperated charcoal of same, the microbial association of kindred plant carry out compared with the result of repairing, the efficiency that the former repairs is lower, repair process is slow, and the adjustment of soil pH is comparatively not thorough yet.5) comparative example 5,6 can find out compared with embodiment 1 ~ 4 single plant and charcoal, microorganism collaborative repairing effect also comparatively undesirable, the absorption of heavy metal is lower also seems comparatively single, illustrate that the collaborative remediating heavy metal of this single plant easily reaches to repair and absorb saturation state, within identical repair time, the content of heavy metal does not also significantly decline, and this illustrates that the cross-circulation reparation of different plant is conducive to better more fully absorbing heavy metal.
The present invention is in the soil course administering heavy metal pollution, and repair time of the plantation of crops, the plantation cycle of plant and charcoal and microbial bacterial agent according to the different appropriate adaptations of soil property and soil region, thus need carry out better repairing and treating.
Clearly, all any amendments done according to technical support essence of the present invention and change still belong in the scope that the technology of the present invention supports for every claim that the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil of the present invention is addressed and technical support.
Claims (10)
1. a combined remediation method for heavy-metal contaminated soil, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
1) charcoal base manure is applied in the soil of heavy metal pollution, mix, ageing 60 ~ 70 days;
2) after charcoal base manure ageing in step 1) terminates, plant the castor-oil plant in 1 ~ 2 cycle continuously, each cycle, complex microbial inoculum was inoculated in soil after having planted by castor-oil plant, with castor-oil plant fruit maturation harvest home for one-period, after each cycle castor-oil plant fruit harvest terminates, castor-oil plant entirety is removed;
3) until step 2) in after castor-oil plant plant entirety removes, again apply charcoal base manure in the soil of planting castor-oil plant, mix, ageing 60 ~ 70 days;
4) after charcoal base manure ageing in step 3) terminates continuously plantation 1 ~ 2 cycle willow, each cycle willow after having planted, complex microbial inoculum is inoculated in soil, after each end cycle, willow entirety is removed, with 10 ~ 12 months for one-period;
5) execution step 1) ~ step 4) is cycled to repeat, until the content of heavy metal in soil reaches safety standard.
2. the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described charcoal base manure comprises: the high temperature furnace slag of the magnesium chloride of the charcoal that the castor-oil plant of 80 ~ 90 weight portions or willow discarded object are made, the sodium sulphate of 3 ~ 5 weight portions, 4 ~ 6 weight portions, the calcium sulfate of 3 ~ 4 weight portions, the ammonium phosphate of 8 ~ 12 weight portions, the urea of 10 ~ 14 weight portions and 6 ~ 8 weight portions.
3. the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described complex microbial inoculum comprises: lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus, the weight ratio of described lactic acid bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and streptomyces microflavus is 3 ~ 5:1.5 ~ 2:0.5 ~ 1:0.5 ~ 1:2 ~ 4.
4. the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the sowing amount of described charcoal base manure is 5 ~ 8kg/ mu, the described complex microbial inoculum consumption be inoculated in soil is 0.5 ~ 0.8kg/ mu.
5. the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described charcoal base manure granulating disc makes the particle that particle diameter is 5 ~ 6mm.
6. the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the preparation process of described charcoal is:
1) castor-oil plant or willow discarded object obtain Organic carbon product through charing process, and Organic carbon product is dried at 80 ~ 90 DEG C, pulverizes;
2) step 1) gained Organic carbon product is placed in 450 ~ 500 DEG C of pyrolysis of charcoal stove, is cooled to room temperature;
3) by step 2) products therefrom mix with volume ratio 1 ~ 2.5:1 with the watery hydrochloric acid of mass fraction 10% and the dust technology of mass fraction 5% after pickling 1 ~ 3h, then with deionized water rinsing to neutral, to filter, dry at 85 DEG C, naturally cool to room temperature, grinding is sieved, and packs for subsequent use.
7. a kind of combined remediation method of heavy-metal contaminated soil as described in claim 2 or 6, is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described charcoal is 2 ~ 3mm.
8. the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method for described plantation castor-oil plant is seedling plantation, described seedling plantation is: top layer 10 ~ 15cm degree of depth plantation of vertically being tilted by the seedling of 28 ~ 30cm 30 degree to place into the soil, spacing in the rows is 20 ~ 25cm, and line-spacing is 20 ~ 25cm.
9. the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: described seedling selects the H by 15% ~ 20%
2o
2disinfect the castor-oil plant seedling that 12h is soaked in the washing of rear distilled water, full seed and the castor seeds do not sunk grow up to.
10. the combined remediation method of a kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described willow selects the willow seedling of 1.5 ~ 2m to plant.
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