CN108530220B - Eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108530220B CN108530220B CN201710122646.0A CN201710122646A CN108530220B CN 108530220 B CN108530220 B CN 108530220B CN 201710122646 A CN201710122646 A CN 201710122646A CN 108530220 B CN108530220 B CN 108530220B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecological friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ecological friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture is prepared by taking tung oil cake and waste liquid from a sugar refinery as raw medicines, taking the waste liquid from the sugar refinery as an adhesive, adding other auxiliary agents for mixing, uniformly mixing and granulating. The pesticide-fertilizer mixture has the advantages of simple preparation, good effects of inhibiting bacteria, killing pests and increasing fertilizer and wide market application prospect. The pesticide-fertilizer mixture has the effects of killing pests, inhibiting bacteria and supplying fertilizer, and has the characteristics of quick acting and long acting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the fields of agricultural planting and plant chemical industry, in particular to an eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Tung oil tree belongs to euphorbiaceae deciduous tree, is native to China, and is a special resource in China. The oil extracted or squeezed from the tung oil seeds is called tung oil, which is the best quality drying oil in the world, and the tung oil is an excellent renewable resource and has good ecological value and economic value. The tung oil tree is an important industrial oil tree species, has strong adaptability, is easy to grow, is easy to manage, grows fast and is put into production fast.
The erythrina indica has a long history of cultivation in China, and the Chinese ancient book "the Chinese herbal medicine is picked up and is recorded in the" the phoenix tree in the mountain of the poppy tree "and other history records about the cultivation and utilization of the erythrina indica. After Tang and Song, tung oil is widely cultivated in mountainous areas in south China, and the tung oil is mainly used for lighting, painting agricultural furniture and ships and treating scabies and pyogenic infections. In the beginning of the 20 th century after the 19 th century, because the world coating (paint) industry is rapidly developed, and the tung oil is the best paint raw material, the tung oil is imported from China in succession by various countries, becomes a large amount of export trade goods in China, and the increase of export amount greatly stimulates the production of the tung oil in China. The first foreign country introduced the tung tree from china was the united states (1904), and later there were over 40 countries such as the original soviet union, japan, india, uk, france, etc., but only argentina, paraguay and brazil located in south america, which really became the countries where tung trees were planted and exported for oil production.
The tung tree is a treasure: the branches and barks can be used for extracting tannin extract, and the shells can be used for preparing active carbon. The tung tree is light and soft, has straight grains, is easy to process, and can be used for manufacturing light furniture and appliances. The tung cake and tung bran after oil pressing from tung seed are also called tung cake, and are a green organic fertilizer containing nitrogen (2-7%), phosphorus (1-3%), potassium (1-2%) and various trace elements. Also contains a large amount of organic matters (75-80%), protein, residual grease, vitamins and other components. It has thick fertilizer and rich nutrients, and is one excellent organic fertilizer.
The tung oil cake has the main characteristics that: high and durable fertility and is suitable for various soils and crops. Such as: fruit trees, tea, vegetables, tobacco leaves, sugarcane, melons and other economic crops.
The waste alcohol mash of cane sugar factory is a high-concentration industrial waste water, which has serious environmental pollution and must be treated. The waste water contains a large amount of organic matters (the content is about 6-8%), and simultaneously contains a plurality of useful elements such as nitrogen (total nitrogen is 0.4-0.5%), phosphorus (phosphorus pentoxide is 0.02-0.04%), potassium (potassium oxide is 0.6-1.2%), and the like, thus being a better raw material for producing the multi-element organic compound fertilizer. Many Chinese sugar cane factories have nearly two hundred families in Yunnan and Guangxi, and are more concentrated provinces of the sugar cane factories in Guangdong, Fujian, Guizhou and Hainan. The comprehensive treatment of the three wastes in the cane sugar factory has large workload and heavy tasks, and a more ideal comprehensive treatment scheme is not developed yet at present. Therefore, the development of a new process for comprehensively treating the waste alcohol mash of the cane sugar factory has important significance.
At present, the application research of the tung tree is very active abroad, but the Chinese always lacks correct understanding of the tung tree resource, only meets the requirements of resource selling and primary processing, and has weak comprehensive technology development of the tung tree. The application of tung oil tree resource processing is only limited on primary products, but the application in the deep processing and high technology fields is very little, so that a plurality of new products cannot be developed, and the deep processing and comprehensive utilization level of tung oil trees is low.
Through literature and patent search, reports on the application of the tung oil cake as a pesticide-fertilizer mixture and a preparation method thereof are not found in the literature at present, and related products are not found in the market.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture and a preparation method thereof, and accelerates the application of tung oil cake and waste mash of a sugar refinery in the fields of fertilizers, bacteriostasis, weed removal, insect killing and the like in the agricultural planting process, so that tung oil tree resources are efficiently developed and utilized, and further economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits of the tung oil tree resources are fully exerted.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:
(1) crushing tung seed cake and plant ash to 20 meshes, adding the crushed powder and waste liquid of a sugar refinery into a reaction container, and soaking for 1-3 days at the temperature of 20-40 ℃;
(2) evaporating and concentrating the product obtained in the step 1) under the stirring condition, and stopping concentrating for later use when 30-70% of water is evaporated;
(3) adding 2-10% of carrier agent, 2-5% of adhesive, 0.5-1% of disintegration aid, 1-2% of dispersing agent, 0.2-0.5% of adsorbent and 0.2-0.5% of stabilizing agent into the product obtained in the step 2), and uniformly mixing;
(4) feeding the mixture obtained in the step 3) into a granulator for granulation and shaping;
(5) drying the granulation product in the step 4) until the water content is 2-4%;
(6) cooling and screening the dried particles in the step 5), and finally packaging according to specifications to obtain a pesticide-fertilizer mixture;
the waste liquid of the sugar refinery in the step (1) is sugar-making waste liquid or waste mash produced in an alcohol working section after the sugar-making waste liquid.
The ecological friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture and the preparation method thereof are not reported in documents at present; no medical fertilizer mixture product prepared from tung oil cake and sugar refinery waste liquid is available on the market at present.
The invention provides an eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture and a preparation method thereof for the prior art and products, further enriches the prior biological pesticide and organic fertilizer products, not only processes tung oil cake and waste liquor pollutants of a sugar refinery into a product with high added value, but also prolongs the industrial chain of tung oil tree resources, and simultaneously solves the problems of great pollution and difficult treatment of the waste liquor of the sugar refinery.
The existing pesticide and fertilizer are separately managed and used, which is not beneficial to reducing cost and saving labor force. The integration of pesticide and fertilizer as a new concept in the agricultural industry of China overcomes the defects and is necessary for the development of the agricultural industry in the future.
Compared with the existing products, the product of the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the pesticide-fertilizer mixture is provided, and has high benefit;
(2) the fertilizer has good effect, complete nutrition, good durability and quick response;
(3) the pesticide has broad spectrum and high efficiency, effectively kills worm eggs and imagoes in soil and effectively increases stress resistance;
(4) the use is safe, and the drug residue is hardly generated;
(5) the water and soil pollution is not caused;
(6) the production process is simple and easy to control;
(7) the use is convenient, the carbon is low, and the energy is saved;
(8) the product cost is lower, and the use time is saved.
The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the following examples:
example 1, the procedure was as follows:
(1) crushing the tung seed cake and the plant ash to be more than 20 meshes, adding the crushed powder and the sugar mill waste liquid into a reaction container according to the mass ratio (1: 0.2: 5) and soaking for 3 days at the temperature of 20 ℃;
(2) evaporating and concentrating the mixed soaked substance in the step 1) by using a stirring evaporator, and stopping concentrating for later use when 50% of water is evaporated;
(3) adding a carrier agent (gypsum, stone sand and kaolin in a mass ratio of 1: 1: 0.5) 2%, an adhesive (gypsum, rosin and sodium polyacrylate, the mass ratio of 1: 0.15: 0.1) 2 percent, disintegrating aid (ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate, the mass ratio of 1: 0.6) 0.5 percent, dispersant sodium lignosulfonate 1 percent, adsorbent (microcrystalline cellulose and diatomite with the mass ratio of 0.2: 1) 0.5 percent of stabilizer (benzoic acid, glycerol, and the mass ratio of 1: 4) 0.5 percent, and stirring and mixing evenly;
(4) feeding the mixture obtained in the step 3) into a granulator for granulation and shaping;
(5) drying the granulation product in the step 4) until the water content is 4%;
(6) and 5) cooling and screening the dried particles in the step 5), and finally packaging according to specifications to obtain the pesticide-fertilizer mixture.
In order to test the effect of the product in the example, the preparation is scattered on the pseudo-ginseng field to be used as additional fertilizer, and is used for preventing and controlling root rot in rainy season, and a comparative test is carried out, after the preparation is applied for 3 months, the pseudo-ginseng has good growth vigor and good fertilizer efficiency, and the prevention and control rate of the root rot reaches 90 percent; compared with the application of common fertilizers and pesticides, the fertilizer has enough aftereffect, and the root rot of the common fertilizers and the pesticides is controlled to be 80%.
Example 2, the procedure was as follows:
(1) firstly, mixing tung seed cake and plant ash according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.4 crushing to more than 20 meshes for later use;
(2) concentrating and evaporating the sugar refinery waste liquid (7 times of the mass of the tung seed cake and the plant ash) to 60 percent of the original volume;
(3) adding the mixture of the tung seed cake and the plant ash in the step 1) into the waste mash concentrated in the step 2), and fermenting and soaking for 5 days at the temperature of 40 ℃;
(4) adding 10% of carrier gypsum, adhesive (sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene glycol and dextrin in a mass ratio of 1: 3: 5) 5%, disintegration assistant (urea, calcium chloride, mass ratio 1: 1) 0.5 percent of dispersant nekal, 1 percent of adsorbent kieselguhr and a stabilizer (polypropylene glycol, 2, 6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol, the mass ratio is 1: 0.3) 0.2 percent and evenly mixing;
(5) feeding the mixture obtained in the step 4) into a granulator for granulation and shaping;
(6) drying the granulation product in the step 5) until the water content is 3%;
(7) and (3) cooling and screening the dried particles in the step 6), and finally packaging according to specifications to obtain the pesticide-fertilizer mixture.
The insecticidal efficacy of the product of the example is tested on the prevention and control of the root rot of tomato and cucumber and topdressing. After one month, the control rate of the tomato and cucumber root rot can reach 85 percent, the fertilizer efficiency is good, and the average yield per mu is 15 percent higher than that of the common organic fertilizer.
Example 3, the procedure was as follows:
(1) crushing tung seed cake and plant ash to 20 meshes, adding the crushed powder and sugar mill waste liquid (the mass ratio is 1: 0.4: 3) into a reaction container, soaking for 2 days at the temperature of 25 ℃, and stirring for 1 time at intervals of 8 hours;
(2) concentrating the sugar refinery waste liquid with 4 times of mass (the total mass of the tung oil cake and the plant ash) to 35% of the original volume;
(3) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1) into the concentrated waste mash obtained in the step 2) under the condition of stirring, and uniformly mixing and stirring;
(4) adding a carrier agent (kaolin and pottery clay in a mass ratio of 1: 1) 2% of an adhesive (paraffin, polyvinyl alcohol, mass ratio of 1: 0.2) 3%, disintegrating aid (polyethylene glycol, modified starch and silica gel, the mass ratio is 0.5: 1: 0.2) 1%, dispersant sodium lignosulfonate 1.5%, adsorbent (attapulgite and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in a mass ratio of 1: 0.1) 0.3% and a stabilizer (anionic surfactant, pyrophosphoric acid, polyethylene glycol, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, in a mass ratio of 1: 0.3: 0.6: 0.1) 0.4 percent and evenly mixing;
(5) feeding the mixture obtained in the step 4) into a granulator for granulation and shaping;
(6) drying the granulation product in the step 5) until the water content is 4%;
(7) and (3) cooling and screening the dried particles in the step 6), and finally packaging according to specifications to obtain the pesticide-fertilizer mixture.
In order to test the fertilizer efficiency and the deinsectization efficiency of the product of the example, the ecological organic tea weevil, grub and antibacterial control are tried, and compared with the common organic fertilizer, after the spring tea is picked up, the yield is compared, the yield is improved by 12% per mu compared with a tea garden applying the common organic fertilizer, and the color and the quality of the tea are better.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) firstly, mixing tung seed cake and plant ash according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.4 crushing to more than 20 meshes for later use; (2) concentrating and evaporating the waste liquor of the sugar refinery to 60 percent of the original volume; (3) adding the mixture of the tung seed cake and the plant ash in the step 1) into the waste mash concentrated in the step 2), and fermenting and soaking for 5 days at the temperature of 40 ℃; (4) adding 10% of carrier gypsum, 5% of adhesive, 0.5% of disintegrating aid, 1% of dispersing agent nekal, 0.2% of adsorbent diatomite and 0.2% of stabilizing agent into the product obtained in the step 3), and uniformly mixing; (5) feeding the mixture obtained in the step 4) into a granulator for granulation and shaping; (6) drying the granulation product in the step 5) until the water content is 3%; (7) cooling and screening the dried particles in the step 6), and finally packaging according to specifications to obtain a pesticide-fertilizer mixture; the sugar refinery waste liquid is 7 times of the mass of the tung seed cake and the plant ash; the adhesive is sodium polyacrylate, polyethylene glycol and dextrin, and the mass ratio of the adhesive to the binder is 1: 3: 5; the disintegration aid is urea and calcium chloride, and the mass ratio of the disintegration aid to the calcium chloride is 1: 1; the stabilizer is polypropylene glycol and 2, 6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol, and the mass ratio is 1: 0.3; when the pesticide-fertilizer mixture is used for preventing and controlling the tomato and cucumber root rot and topdressing, the prevention and control rate of the tomato and cucumber root rot can reach 85% after one month, the fertilizer efficiency is good, and the average yield per mu is 15% higher than that of the common organic fertilizer.
2. The preparation method of the eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps are as follows: (1) crushing tung seed cake and plant ash to 20 meshes, adding the crushed powder and waste liquid of a sugar refinery into a reaction container, and soaking for 3 days at the temperature of 20 ℃; (2) evaporating and concentrating the mixed soaked substance in the step 1) by using a stirring evaporator, and stopping concentrating for later use when 50% of water is evaporated; (3) adding 2% of carrier agent, 2% of adhesive, 0.5% of disintegrating aid, 1% of dispersant sodium lignosulfonate, 0.5% of adsorbent and 0.5% of stabilizer into the product obtained in the step 2), and uniformly stirring and mixing; (4) feeding the mixture obtained in the step 3) into a granulator for granulation and shaping; (5) drying the granulation product in the step 4) until the water content is 4%; (6) cooling and screening the dried particles in the step 5), and finally packaging according to specifications to obtain a pesticide-fertilizer mixture; the mass ratio of the tung seed cake, the plant ash and the waste liquid of the sugar refinery is 1: 0.2: 5; the carrier agent is gypsum, stone sand and kaolin, and the mass ratio is 1: 1: 0.5; the adhesive is gypsum, rosin and sodium polyacrylate, and the mass ratio is 1: 0.15: 0.1; the disintegration aid is ammonium sulfate and potassium sulfate, and the mass ratio of the disintegration aid to the potassium sulfate is 1: 0.6; the adsorbent is microcrystalline cellulose and diatomite, and the mass ratio is 0.2: 1; the stabilizer is benzoic acid and glycerol, and the mass ratio of the benzoic acid to the glycerol is 1: 4; when the pesticide-fertilizer mixture is used, the obtained pesticide-fertilizer mixture is used as an additional fertilizer for pseudo-ginseng fields and is used for preventing and treating root rot in rainy seasons, and a comparison test is carried out, after the pesticide-fertilizer mixture is applied for 3 months, pseudo-ginseng grows well, the fertilizer effect is good, and the prevention and treatment rate of the root rot reaches 90%; compared with the application of common fertilizers and pesticides, the fertilizer has enough aftereffect, and the root rot of the common fertilizers and the pesticides is controlled to be 80%.
3. The preparation method of the eco-friendly pesticide-fertilizer mixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the steps are as follows: (1) crushing tung seed cake and plant ash to 20 meshes, adding the crushed powder and waste liquid of a sugar refinery into a reaction container, soaking for 2 days at the temperature of 25 ℃, and stirring for 1 time at intervals of 8 hours; (2) concentrating the waste liquid of the sugar refinery to 35% of the original volume; (3) adding the mixture obtained in the step 1) into the concentrated waste mash obtained in the step 2) under the condition of stirring, and uniformly mixing and stirring; (4) adding 2% of carrier agent, 3% of adhesive, 1% of disintegrating aid, 1.5% of dispersant sodium lignosulfonate, 0.3% of adsorbent and 0.4% of stabilizer into the product obtained in the step 3), and uniformly mixing; (5) feeding the mixture obtained in the step 4) into a granulator for granulation and shaping; (6) drying the granulated product in the step 5) until the water content is 4%; (7) cooling and screening the dried particles in the step 6), and finally packaging according to specifications to obtain a pesticide-fertilizer mixture; the mass ratio of the tung seed cake, the plant ash and the sugar refinery waste liquid in the step 1) is 1: 0.4: 3; the sugar refinery waste liquid in the step 2) is 4 times of the total mass of the tung seed cake and the plant ash; the carrier agent is kaolin and pottery clay, and the mass ratio of the kaolin to the pottery clay is 1: 1; the adhesive is paraffin and polyvinyl alcohol, and the mass ratio is 1: 0.2; the disintegration aid is polyethylene glycol, modified starch and silica gel, and the mass ratio of the disintegration aid to the silica gel is 0.5: 1: 0.2; the adsorbent is composed of attapulgite and sodium carboxymethylcellulose in a mass ratio of 1: 0.1; the stabilizer is an anionic surfactant, pyrophosphoric acid, polyethylene glycol, 2, 6-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenol, and the mass ratio of the stabilizer to the stabilizer is 1: 0.3: 0.6: 0.1; when the insecticide-fertilizer mixture is used, the obtained insecticide-fertilizer mixture is used for ecological organic tea weevil and grub and antibacterial control, and compared with common organic fertilizers, after spring tea is picked up, the yield is compared, the yield is improved by 12% compared with that of a tea garden applying the common organic fertilizers per mu, and the tea color and quality are good.
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| CN101139234A (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2008-03-12 | 淮安市农业科学研究院 | Nuisance-free medical fertilizers for prevention and curing of nematode and underground pest and production process thereof |
| CN101248800A (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2008-08-27 | 江门市植保有限公司 | Agricultural chemical composition containing fipronil and bacillus thuringiensis |
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