CN111234639B - 一种辊涂或喷涂用水性涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种辊涂或喷涂用水性涂料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111234639B CN111234639B CN202010030002.0A CN202010030002A CN111234639B CN 111234639 B CN111234639 B CN 111234639B CN 202010030002 A CN202010030002 A CN 202010030002A CN 111234639 B CN111234639 B CN 111234639B
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- water
- based paint
- acrylate
- methacrylate
- photoinitiator
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- COCLLEMEIJQBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C COCLLEMEIJQBAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FWLDHHJLVGRRHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N decyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C FWLDHHJLVGRRHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XRXANEMIFVRKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroperoxy-2-methylbutane Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)OO XRXANEMIFVRKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 11
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 1-methyl-1-propynyl Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical group N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000006552 (C3-C8) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000480 butynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004368 propenyl group Chemical group C(=CC)* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002568 propynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MFGWMAAZYZSWMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-naphthyl)methanol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(CO)=CC=C21 MFGWMAAZYZSWMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical group [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004981 cycloalkylmethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000006038 hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005980 hexynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002346 iodo group Chemical group I* 0.000 description 2
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002255 pentenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCC)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005981 pentynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000004972 1-butynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006021 1-methyl-2-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000006017 1-propenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000530 1-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OKISUZLXOYGIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OKISUZLXOYGIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001859 Ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoacetic acid Chemical group CC(=O)CC(O)=O WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种辊涂或喷涂用水性涂料及其制备方法。所述的水性涂料由光引发剂和水性乳液共聚物组成。由下述方法制备得到：将光引发剂和聚合物单体的混合，在自由基引发剂存在下进行聚合物反应。所述水性涂料具有良好的耐沾污性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料领域，具体而言，本发明涉及水性涂料乳液及其制备方法。
背景技术
出于环保的原因，水性漆比溶剂性漆更优选。但是，这些涂料(例如外用漆)必须满足性质的合适平衡。较硬的涂层经常能够满足防积垢性和防粘结性(涂油漆后的表面当在压力下互相叠置或放置的时候，互相粘合在一起的倾向，即粘结)的要求。但是，能够制得硬的涂层的高Tg聚合物在常温下无法适当地成膜，这抵销了耐久性和耐受性之类的其它关键要求。后一种问题已经通过使用添加剂而在一定程度上得以避免，所述添加剂具体来说是聚结剂，其具有降低聚合物组合物的最低成膜温度的效果。但是，这种解决方案仍然存在一些缺陷：聚结剂会随时间从涂层缓慢地扩散和蒸发出来，这使得人们不希望出现的有机化合物释放到大气中；另外，聚结剂会导致粘结的问题，直到大量的聚结剂离开涂层该问题才得以缓和。对于限制/消除在油漆和涂料中使用挥发性有机化合物(VOC)的进一步的规定仅仅推动该平衡向着使用较软的聚合物组合物的趋势发展，人们将更多的注意力集中到防粘结性上来。最广泛使用的防粘结添加剂是表面活性剂。但是这些化合物中的一部份是烷基苯酚乙氧基化物(APE)，由于其具有毒性，人们也在致力于在不久的将来停止使用。因此，人们需要能够解决粘结问题的新的环保能够接受而且低成本的解决方案。
涂层的耐沾污性(dirtpickup resistance，DPUR)是将涂层表面上的污垢、灰尘、烟灰和其它这类材料的累积减至最少的能力。DPUR性能差的涂层通常具有不干净并且暗淡的外观。改善涂层DPUR性能的常规方法是通过在涂层应用中使用二苯甲酮作为光引发剂。在紫外(UV)光曝露下发生二苯甲酮光化学，这是UV光诱导的聚合物的交联反应。这种常规方法可以以低成本利用太阳光作为UV源。然而，二苯甲酮存在一些缺点。二苯甲酮在长时间内改善DPUR性能的效果较差。二苯甲酮光化学引起的交联效应在应用期间在雨天条件下也将严重降低。由于高剂量水平的二苯甲酮导致交联过度，所以涂膜表面易于破裂。二苯甲酮容易升华，这可能导致挥发性有机化合物(VOC)排放。为了改善长期DPUR性能，二苯甲酮衍生物与二苯甲酮组合一起用作光稳定添加剂。然而，由于二苯甲酮的存在，VOC排放仍然是一个问题。因此，希望提供新颖二苯甲酮衍生物作为二苯甲酮和二苯甲酮与二苯甲酮衍生物的组合的替代物，所述新颖二苯甲酮衍生物提供更好的交联效率和DPUR性能改善。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供了一种辊涂或喷涂用水性涂料。
本发明的另一目的在于提供了所述水性涂料的制备方法。
本发明的另一目的在于提供了所述制备方法获得的水性涂料。
本发明的另一目的在于提供了应用于所述水性涂料中的光引发剂。
本发明的另一目的在于提供了所述光引发剂的用途。
本发明采用下述技术方案达到所述发明目的：
一种辊涂或喷涂用水性涂料的制备方法，包括下述步骤：
1)提供包含光引发剂和聚合物单体的混合物；
2)加入聚合物总单体重量0.01～3.0％的自由基引发剂进行聚合物反应。
其中，在步骤2)中，聚合反应通过热引发或氧化还原引发工艺进行。
其中，在步骤1)中，所述光引发剂为下述式I化合物，
其中R1和R2选自H，C1-C6烷基，C2-C6烯基，C2-C6炔基，C3-C8环烷基，C3-C8环烷基甲基，卤素取代的C1-C6烷基，羟基的取代C1-C6烷基，烷氧基取代的C1-C6烷基，氨基取代的C1-C6烷基，烷基胺基取代的C1-C6烷基，C6-10取代或未取代芳基、含有1-4个选自N、O和S中杂原子的5-10元取代或未取代杂环；前提是，R1和R2相同；
优选地，通式I化合物选自下述化合物：
其中，在步骤2)中，所述单体选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异癸酯、甲基丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯；所述自由基引发剂选自过氧化氢、叔丁基过氧化氢、叔戊基过氧化氢、铵和碱金属过硫酸盐。
根据所述方法制备的辊涂或喷涂用水性涂料，其包括下述重量份的组分：水性乳液共聚物20～60重量份和光引发剂1～1.8重量份。
所述共聚物是由上述所述单体共聚而成的；光引发剂为所述式I化合物。
所述水性涂料还包括分散剂0.1～1重量份，所述分散剂为选自聚羧酸盐、聚磷酸盐、聚丙烯酸盐。
所述的辊涂或喷涂用水性涂料，还包括：消泡剂、润湿剂、助溶剂、增稠剂、pH调节剂、防霉剂或防腐剂。
本申请还提供了一种用于水性涂料的式I化合物，如下所示：
其中R1和R2选自H，C1-C6烷基，C2-C6烯基，C2-C6炔基，C3-C8环烷基，C3-C8环烷基甲基，卤素取代的C1-C6烷基，羟基的取代C1-C6烷基，烷氧基取代的C1-C6烷基，氨基取代的C1-C6烷基，烷基胺基取代的C1-C6烷基，C6-10取代或未取代芳基、含有1-4个选自N、O和S中杂原子的5-10元取代或未取代杂环；前提是，R1和R2相同；
优选地，通式I化合物选自下述化合物：
所述的式I化合物可用于涂料领域。
术语“C1-C6烷基”是指具有1至6个碳原子的支链及未分支烷基。这些烷基的实施例包括：甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基或己基。缩写Me、Et、n-Pr、i-Pr、n-Bu、i-Bu、t-Bu等还可任选用于上述基团。除非另外说明，否则定义丙基、丁基、戊基及己基包括所述基团的所有可能的异构形式。因此，例如，丙基包括正丙基及异丙基，丁基包括异丁基、仲丁基及叔丁基等。
术语“C2-C6烯基”是指具有2至6个碳原子的支链及未分支烯基。实施例包括：乙烯基、丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基或己烯基。除非另外说明，否则定义丙烯基、丁烯基、戊烯基及己烯基包括所述基团的所有可能异构形式。
因此，例如，丙烯基包括1-丙烯基及2-丙烯基，丁烯基包括1-烯基、2-丁烯基及3-丁烯基、1-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-甲基-2-丙烯基等。
术语“C2-C6炔基”是指具有2至6个碳原子的支链及未分支炔基。实施例包括：乙炔基、丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基或己炔基。除非另外说明，否则定义丙炔基、丁炔基、戊炔基及己炔基包括所述基团的所有可能异构形式。因此，例如，丙炔基包括1-丙炔基及2-丙炔基，丁炔基包括1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基及3-丁炔基、1-甲基-1-丙炔基、1-甲基-2-丙炔基等。
术语“芳基”是指具有6个或10个碳原子的芳环系统。实施例包括：苯基或萘基，优选芳基为苯基。除非另外说明，否则芳族基团可经一个或多个选自甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、羟基、氟、氯、溴及碘的基团取代。
术语“卤素取代的C1-C6烷基”是指经一个或多个卤素原子取代的具有1至6个碳原子的支链及未分支烷基。实施例包括：CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CH2CF3。
术语“C3-C8环烷基”是指具有3至8个碳原子的环状烷基。实施例包括：环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基或环庚基。除非另外说明，否则环状烷基可经一个或多个选自甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、羟基、氟、氯、溴及碘的基团取代。
术语“杂环”是指可含有1、2或3个选自氧、硫及氮的杂原子的5、6或7元饱和、部分饱和或不饱和杂环，而该环可经由碳原子或经由氮原子(若存在氮原子)连接至分子。
术语“杂芳基”表示经由1、2、3或4个选自氧、硫及氮的杂原子取代的芳香基。
本申请中所述的单体包括非离子单体和稳定剂单体，所述非离子单体包括。烯键式不饱和非离子单体包括例如(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体，其中“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”表示甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯，包括丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异癸酯、甲基丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯；(甲基)丙烯腈；氨基官能单体和脲基官能单体；带有烷氧基硅烷官能团的单体；带有乙酰乙酸酯官能团的单体；苯乙烯和取代的苯乙烯；丁二烯；乙烯、丙烯、α-烯烃如1-癸烯；乙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯、叔碳酸乙烯酯和其它乙烯基酯；以及乙烯基单体如氯乙烯、偏二氯乙烯。稳定剂单体包括例如具有3到8个碳原子的β-单烯键式不饱和羧酸、酸酐和酰胺。a，β-单烯键式不饱和羧酸单体包括例如丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、巴豆酸、衣康酸、马来酸和其盐或酸酐以及这些酸的酰胺、特别地丙烯酰胺和甲基丙烯酰胺；和其组合。稳定剂单体进一步包括含硫或含磷的酸性单体。
所述消泡剂选自有机硅类消泡剂、矿物油类消泡剂、或其组合；
所述增稠剂选自纤维素类增稠剂、碱溶胀类增稠剂、聚氨酯类增稠剂、无机增稠剂、或其组合。所述纤维素类增稠剂选自羟乙基纤维素、甲基羟乙基纤维素、乙基羟乙基纤维素、或其组合。所述碱溶胀类增稠剂选自HASE碱溶胀型增稠剂、ASE碱溶胀型增稠剂、或其组合。所述pH调节剂选自氨水、有机醇胺类、有机胺类、或其组合。
实施例
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明。应该理解的是，本发明实施例所述方法仅仅是用于说明本发明，而不是对本发明的限制，在本发明的构思前提下对本发明制备方法的简单改进都属于本发明要求保护的范围。实施例中用到的所有原料和溶剂均为市售产品。
制备实施例1：
将5mmol 4,4’-二氯二苯甲酮，11mmol萘甲醇、1.2mmol氢氧化钾溶于100毫升NMP中，加热到约180℃，TLC跟踪反应，反应终止后，反应体系冷却到室温。减压蒸馏。加入100ml甲苯，添加到混合物中，50ml 5％NaCl溶液洗涤，分液，减压蒸馏除去甲苯，获得化合物1，收率59％。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ.8.03～8.06(m,CH,naphthalene-6H),7.73(d,CH,benzene-4H),7.55～7.62(m,CH,naphthalene-4H),7.32(t,CH,naphthalene-2H),7.03～7.06(m,CH,6H),5.60(s,CH2,4H).
制备实施例2：
以类似于实施例1的反应步骤和条件，将萘甲醇替换为相应的原料，制备下述化合物，收率66％。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ.8.00～8.08(m,CH,naphthalene-6H),7.73(d,CH,benzene-4H),7.57～7.62(m,CH,naphthalene-4H),7.32(t,CH,naphthalene-2H),7.03(m,CH,benzene-4H),6.98(m,CH,naphthalene-2H),4.29(t,CH2,4H),3.54(t,CH2,4H).
制备实施例3：
以类似于实施例1的反应步骤和条件，将萘甲醇替换为相应的原料，制备下述化合物，收率60％。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ.8.03～8.06(m,CH,naphthalene-6H),7.73(d,CH,benzene-4H),7.55～7.62(m,CH,naphthalene-4H),7.32(t,CH,naphthalene-2H),7.06(m,CH,naphthalene-2H),7.03(m,CH,benzene-4H),4.83(d,CH,2H),3.61(m,CH,2H),2.26(s,CH3,12H),1.06(d,CH3,6H).
本发明水性乳液共聚物的制备：
(1)加入单体、光引发剂以及去离子水于预乳化器中预乳化，得到预乳化液；
(2)取少量预乳化液在四颈瓶中，升温至约70℃，然后加入自由基引发剂，反应约30min，制得种子乳液；
(3)升温至约80℃，滴加剩余的乳液和自由基引发剂，2h滴完，滴完保温30min；
(4)在约80℃下滴加引发剂，2～3h滴完，保温20min；
聚合完成后，降温至70℃后处理阻聚，可选降温至45℃后加入其它助剂。
采用60Kg去离子水、1Kg式I化合物(分别选自制备实施例1、2或3的制备的化合物)、40Kg份丙烯酸甲酯和0.5Kg叔丁基过氧化氢。按照上述通用方法进行制备，获得水性涂料1、水性涂料2和水性涂料3。
按照上述水性乳液共聚物制备方法类似的步骤分别制备水性涂料3、水性涂料4和水性涂料5，其差别仅在于，在最终共聚反应完成之后再加入制备实施例1、2或3的制备的化合物。
耐沾污性能测试(基于GB/T 9780-2005)：
涂覆本申请涂料：将上述制备得到的水性涂料1-6分别按第一道湿膜厚度为120μm，第二道湿膜厚度为80μm(两道间隔时间在6-8h)的涂布量刮涂于尺寸大小为150mm×70mm×6mm的无石棉水泥平板上。在25℃、50％湿度下养护7天。配置和刷涂灰悬浊液以及冲洗测试：配制灰悬浊液(灰与水质量比为10：9，所述灰为建筑涂料涂层耐沾污性试验用灰标准样品，既包含亲水性污渍又包含亲油性污渍，由上海市建筑科学研究院(集团)有限公司研制。将其置于塑料杯中，并搅拌均匀待用。取0.7±0.1g的所配制的灰悬浊液，均匀刷涂在已养护完的试板上，在25℃且相对湿度为50％的环境下保养2h后，直接冲水清洗测试。冲洗装置要求为高30cm的冲洗装置，其内水箱注满水(15L)，在1min内不断的冲洗刷有灰源的试板，并使试板的每一处都经过水流，冲洗完毕后，将试板置于25℃且相对湿度为50％的环境中干燥。此为一个循环，整个测试需要重复五个循环。计算耐沾污率：通过测量实验前后试板的反射系数来计算耐沾污率，计算公式如下所示：
X＝(A-B)/A×100％
式中：X—耐沾污率(％)；
A—测试前，涂层的反射系数值(％)；
B—测试后，涂层的反射系数值(％)。
| 试样 | 光引发剂 | 耐沾污率(％) |
| 水性涂料1 | 化合物1 | 11.2 |
| 水性涂料2 | 化合物2 | 9.1 |
| 水性涂料3 | 化合物3 | 10.8 |
| 水性涂料4 | 化合物1 | 14.0 |
| 水性涂料5 | 化合物2 | 11.9 |
| 水性涂料6 | 化合物3 | 13.6 |
从上表可以看出，添加本申请耐沾污助剂，即所述光引发剂之后，所述水性涂料层具有良好的耐沾污性；而且，经过对比发现，将所述光引发剂与聚合物单体混合一起参加共聚反应，制备所得的涂料耐沾污性优于将其最终与乳液共聚物混合反应得到的水性涂料。
DPUR水平的测试：
给定水性涂料组合物样品的DPUR水平是根据GB/T9780-2013标准的项目5.4(5.4.1.2方法A)来评估：本申请中的GB/T9780-2013标准是用于建筑涂料和油漆的膜的耐沾污性和污渍去除的测试方法的国家标准。
| 试样 | UV照射 | DPUR(％) |
| 水性涂料1 | 4小时 | 7.1 |
| 水性涂料2 | 4小时 | 5.5 |
| 水性涂料3 | 4小时 | 6.2 |
| 水性涂料4 | 4小时 | 10.9 |
| 水性涂料5 | 4小时 | 8.9 |
| 水性涂料6 | 4小时 | 9.3 |
使用本申请所述光引发剂的水性涂料具有良好的DPUR性能，而且将所述光引发剂与聚合物单体混合一起参加共聚反应，制备所得的涂料DPUR性能优于将其最终与乳液共聚物混合反应得到的水性涂料。
Claims (3)
1.一种辊涂或喷涂用水性涂料的制备方法，其特征在于包括下述步骤：
1)提供包含光引发剂和聚合物单体的混合物，所述光引发剂与聚合物单体混合一起参加共聚反应；
2)加入聚合物总单体重量0.01～3.0％的自由基引发剂进行聚合物反应；
所述光引发剂选自：
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤2)中，聚合反应通过热引发或氧化还原引发工艺进行。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤2)中，所述单体选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯、丙烯酸-2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸异癸酯、甲基丙烯酸月桂酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯；所述自由基引发剂选自过氧化氢、叔丁基过氧化氢、叔戊基过氧化氢、铵和碱金属过硫酸盐。
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