CN111205130A - Biomass compound fertilizer for increasing yield of amomum villosum - Google Patents
Biomass compound fertilizer for increasing yield of amomum villosum Download PDFInfo
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- CN111205130A CN111205130A CN202010033106.7A CN202010033106A CN111205130A CN 111205130 A CN111205130 A CN 111205130A CN 202010033106 A CN202010033106 A CN 202010033106A CN 111205130 A CN111205130 A CN 111205130A
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- amomum villosum
- compound fertilizer
- edta chelated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
- C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and discloses a biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8-15% of seaweed extract material, 50-70% of organic chelate material and 20-35% of inorganic composite material; by mixing the organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer, the growth character of the plant of the amomum villosum can be obviously improved, the stem thickness is increased, the fruiting rate of the single plant of the amomum villosum can be obviously improved, the quality of a single fruit is obviously improved, and the fruit drop rate of the amomum villosum is obviously reduced, so that the aims of increasing the yield and reducing the planting cost are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum.
Background
The amomum villosum is perennial evergreen herb and the plant height is 1.5-2 m. The ground has an upright stem and a creeping stem which runs transversely. Two rows of leaves are intergrown, the narrow and long leaves are needle-shaped, and no branch or stem exists; the leaves are in a shape of narrow and long circles or strips, are in a needle shape, have a length of 14-40 cm and a width of 2-5 cm, are all edge-rounded and have pinnate parallel veins; the leaf sheath embraces the stem. The amomum villosum is used as a medicine by taking dry and mature fruits as a traditional Chinese medicine, namely amomum villosum, also called "zaoshan honey" and "zaamomum villosum". Has effects in eliminating dampness, stimulating appetite, warming spleen, relieving diarrhea, regulating qi, and preventing miscarriage. Mainly produced in provinces such as Guangdong, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, Fujian, etc.
The Yangchun sand is suitable for cultivation in evergreen broad-leaved forest, loose and moist hillside land with high air humidity and humus-rich soil. And 2-3 years later, the plants bloom and bear fruits. The yield is generally low. The management needs to be strengthened, fertilizer application, ridging and watering are carried out in time, and proper density is kept to promote strong plants and more flowers. In the prior art, the research on the growth of the amomum villosum is mostly concentrated on trace elements, and most of the research is only carried out in early laboratories and is not used in experimental fields; in addition, at present, a special fertilizer for the growth of the amomum villosum does not exist, although a certain special fertilizer for medicinal plants exists at present, due to the fact that the difference of the growth characteristics of the medicinal plant types and the growth characteristics of different medicinal plant types is large, when the special fertilizer for the medicinal plants is used for planting the amomum villosum, the planting effect is not ideal, particularly, the flowering and fruiting rate of the amomum villosum cannot be improved, in the existing research, the fruiting rate is improved by spraying foliar fertilizers and the like, but the effect is not ideal, and the fruit drop rate of the amomum villosum cannot be reduced by the method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems that a special fertilizer for the growth of the amomum villosum is lacked in the prior art, and the flowering and fruiting rate and the fruit setting rate of the amomum villosum cannot be improved when the special fertilizer for some medicinal plants is used for planting the amomum villosum, the invention firstly provides a biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the amomum villosum.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the biomass compound fertilizer.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the biomass compound fertilizer.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8-15% of seaweed extract, 50-70% of organic chelate and 20-35% of inorganic composite material.
The research concept of the invention is as follows: by mixing the organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer, the growth character of the plant of the amomum villosum can be obviously improved, the stem thickness is increased, the fruiting rate of the single plant of the amomum villosum can be obviously improved, the quality of a single fruit is obviously improved, and the fruit drop rate of the amomum villosum is obviously reduced, so that the aims of increasing the yield and reducing the planting cost are fulfilled.
Preferably, the preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps: soaking herba Zosterae Marinae in boiling water, introducing 100 deg.C steam to ensure internal temperature of 85-95 deg.C, extracting for 1-2 hr, drying, and pulverizing to obtain Sargassum extract. The invention adopts a method of introducing steam, maximally retains active substances such as polysaccharide, tannin and the like in the seaweed, greatly retains the activity of biological stimulin in the seaweed through physical crushing, and stimulates crops to generate endogenous hormones, thereby promoting the growth of the crops and improving the quality.
Preferably, the organic chelating material is EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc, EDTA chelated boron; wherein, the mole ratio of EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron is (0.18-0.22): (0.18-0.22): (0.18-0.22). EDTA is selected as a chelating agent to chelate trace elements such as metal ions and the like, so that the absorption of the trace elements by the amomum villosum plants can be improved; boron can improve the fertilization rate of flowers, so that the fruit setting rate of the amomum villosum is improved, and iron is necessary for photosynthesis; thereby promoting the efficiency of photosynthesis; the zinc promotes the respiration of plants, thereby promoting the growth of plants.
Preferably, the inorganic composite material is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium; wherein, the element nitrogen promotes the metabolism of plants, the phosphorus can improve the yield and the quality of fruits and seeds, the growth of seedling stage is facilitated, and the potassium can improve the yield and the quality of plants.
The proportion of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium follows the proportion principle of major elements of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium in the agricultural field, and is not repeated herein.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the amomum villosum, which is specifically to mix the seaweed extract material, the organic chelating material and the inorganic compound material according to the proportion.
The invention also provides application of the biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the amomum villosum in improving the fruit setting rate of the amomum villosum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8-15% of seaweed extract material, 50-70% of organic chelate material and 20-35% of inorganic composite material; by mixing the organic fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer, the growth character of the plant of the amomum villosum can be obviously improved, the stem thickness is increased, the fruiting rate of the single plant of the amomum villosum can be obviously improved, the quality of a single fruit is obviously improved, and the fruit drop rate of the amomum villosum is obviously reduced, so that the aims of increasing the yield and reducing the planting cost are fulfilled.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
A biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 8 percent of seaweed extract, 60 percent of organic chelate and 32 percent of inorganic composite.
The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps: soaking herba Zosterae Marinae in boiling water, introducing 100 deg.C steam to ensure internal temperature of 90 deg.C for 1 hr, and drying and pulverizing to obtain Sargassum extract. The organic chelating material is EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron; wherein, the mole ratio of EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron is 0.18: 0.18: 0.18. the inorganic composite material is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Example 2
A biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of seaweed extract, 70% of organic chelate and 20% of inorganic composite.
The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps: soaking herba Zosterae Marinae in boiling water, introducing 100 deg.C steam to ensure internal temperature of 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and drying and pulverizing to obtain extract. The organic chelating material is EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron; wherein, the mole ratio of EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron is 0.20: 0.22: 0.21. the inorganic composite material is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Example 3
A biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of seaweed extract, 60% of organic chelate and 25% of inorganic composite.
The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps: soaking herba Zosterae Marinae in boiling water, introducing 100 deg.C steam to ensure internal temperature of 85 deg.C for extracting herba Zosterae Marinae for 1.5 hr, drying and pulverizing to obtain extract. The organic chelating material is EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron; wherein, the mole ratio of EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron is 0.22: 0.22: 0.22. the inorganic composite material is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Comparative example 1
A biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of seaweed extract, 70% of organic chelating material and 20% of inorganic composite material.
The seaweed extract is obtained by adopting a high-pressure low-temperature cooling wall breaking process, and the organic chelating material is EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron; wherein, the mole ratio of EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron is 0.21: 0.21: 0.21. the inorganic composite material is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Comparative example 2
A biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of seaweed extract, 30% of organic chelating material and 50% of inorganic composite material.
The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps: soaking herba Zosterae Marinae in boiling water, introducing 100 deg.C steam to ensure internal temperature of 95 deg.C for 2 hr, and drying and pulverizing to obtain extract. The organic chelating material is EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron; wherein, the mole ratio of EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron is 0.22: 0.22: 0.22. the inorganic composite material is nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Comparative example 3
The components and the mixture ratio of the biomass compound fertilizer of the comparative example are the same as those of the example 2, and the only difference is that the organic chelating material of the comparative example is EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron; wherein, the mole ratio of EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron is 0.3: 0.4: 0.5.
experimental example 1 fertilization experiment of amomum villosum
Dividing 9 cells, each cell area is 100m2Respectively comprising an example 1 group, an example 2 group, an example 3 group, a comparative example 1 group, a comparative example 2 group, a comparative example 3 group and a control group, wherein protective rows are arranged among cells, the protective rows are randomly arranged, fertilizer is scattered to each zone for 1 time along the outer edge of the field in 4 months, and the fertilizer application amount is 100g/m2Control group was not fertilized.
Firstly, in the spring sand flowering period, selecting inflorescences which open at least 3 florets at 7: 00-9: 00 in the morning every day, carrying out artificial pollination by a powdering method, recording the pollination number of the florets, marking the inflorescences pollinated on different days by different color labels, observing and counting the fruit setting number and the fruit dropping number of the inflorescences in each stage on 0 th, 10 th, 20 th, 30 th, 40 th, 50 th, 60 th, 70 th, 80 th and 90 th days after pollination, and calculating the fruit dropping rate in each stage.
The fruit drop rate (%) is the number of fruit drops counted in the current investigation/the number of fruit counted in the first investigation × 100%.
The fruit drop rate of 90 days after pollination is counted, the result is shown in table 1, and the table 1 is compared with the embodiment, the seaweed extract is adopted in the compound fertilizer in the comparative example 1, the seaweed extract is obtained by adopting a high-pressure low-temperature cooling wall breaking process, however, the compound fertilizer prepared in the comparative example 1 has higher fruit drop rate of the amomum villosum, and the reason is presumed that the conventional preparation process of the seaweed extract is complicated and the conditions are harsh, so that the loss of effective components in the seaweed is too much, and the activity of the bio-stimulin in the seaweed cannot be retained to the maximum extent by the high-pressure low-temperature cooling wall breaking method; the fruit drop rate of the comparative example 2 is higher than that of the example, which shows that the fruit drop rate of the amomum villosum is also obviously influenced by the three components of the biomass compound fertilizer, namely the mixture ratio of the seaweed extract material, the organic chelating material and the inorganic compound material; the fruit drop rate of comparative example 3 is lower than that of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, but is still higher than that of the examples, which shows that the amount of each substance in the organic chelate material in the biomass compound fertilizer also has an influence on the fruit drop rate of the amomum villosum.
TABLE 1
| Group of | Fruit drop rate (%) at 30d | Fruit drop rate (%) at 60d | 90d fruit drop rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 61.56 | 61.23 | 60.05 |
| Example 2 | 60.15 | 60.08 | 59.72 |
| Example 3 | 62.87 | 62.24 | 61.86 |
| Comparative example 1 | 73.67 | 73.25 | 72.64 |
| Comparative example 2 | 77.19 | 76.36 | 75.46 |
| Comparative example 3 | 63.94 | 63.42 | 63.87 |
| Control group | 78.63 | 78.12 | 77.06 |
Second, investigation result of growth status
The data of the growth conditions of the groups are counted, the results are shown in table 2, and it can be seen from table 2 that the growth vigor (the number of grown bamboo shoots, the number of seedlings, the plant height, the leaf area and the stem diameter) of the amomum villosum plants of the example groups is better, while the growth vigor of the amomum villosum plants of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 is worse, and the growth vigor of the comparative example 3 is slightly better than that of the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, which shows that the biomass compound fertilizer of the invention can obviously improve the growth characteristics of the amomum villosum.
TABLE 2
| Quantitative trait of growth | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Bamboo shoot (granule) | 5.3 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.9 |
| Miao (plant) | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.9 |
| Plant height (cm) | 184.2 | 184.9 | 182.7 | 160.4 | 163.1 | 172.0 |
| Leaf area (cm2) | 150.2 | 151.9 | 149.8 | 133.0 | 135.7 | 142.6 |
| Diameter of the stalk (mm) | 9.1 | 9.3 | 8.6 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 8.0 |
Thirdly, when the amomum villosum is fruited, the growth characters of the amomum villosum plants in each cell and the weight of dry fruits in unit area are respectively counted, the results are shown in table 3, after the compound fertilizer of the embodiment is applied and fertilized, the results of the amomum villosum plants are facilitated, and the weight of single fruits of the amomum villosum is obviously improved; the compound fertilizer in the comparative example 1 adopts the seaweed extract, the seaweed extract is obtained by adopting a high-pressure low-temperature cooling wall breaking process, however, the compound fertilizer prepared in the comparative example 1 is beneficial to improving the fruiting rate of the amomum villosum; comparative example 2 shows that the ratio of the seaweed extract, the organic chelating agent and the inorganic composite material in the biomass compound fertilizer also has significant influence on the result rate of the amomum villosum; the result rate of comparative example 3 is improved compared with comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, but is still lower compared with the examples, which shows that the dosage of each substance in the organic chelate material in the biomass compound fertilizer also has an influence on the fruit drop rate of the amomum villosum.
TABLE 3
| Group of | Percentage of results (%) | Dried weight of hundred fruits (g) |
| Example 1 | 61.12 | 52.13 |
| Example 2 | 63.45 | 52.28 |
| Example 3 | 60.83 | 51.95 |
| Comparative example 1 | 57.96 | 45.27 |
| Comparative example 2 | 52.16 | 48.62 |
| Comparative example 3 | 59.39 | 49.59 |
| Control group | 50.33 | 42.97 |
Claims (6)
1. The biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the amomum villosum is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 8-15% of seaweed extract, 50-70% of organic chelate and 20-35% of inorganic composite material.
2. The biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the amomum villosum according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps: soaking herba Zosterae Marinae in boiling water, introducing 100 deg.C steam to ensure internal temperature of 85-95 deg.C, extracting for 1-2 hr, drying, and pulverizing to obtain Sargassum extract.
3. The biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the amomum villosum according to claim 1, wherein the organic chelating material is EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron; wherein, the mole ratio of EDTA chelated iron, EDTA chelated zinc and EDTA chelated boron is (0.18-0.22): (0.18-0.22): (0.18-0.22).
4. The biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of the amomum villosum according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic compound material is nitrogen, phosphorus or potassium.
5. The method for preparing a biomass compound fertilizer for improving the yield of amomum villosum according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the seaweed extract, the organic chelate material and the inorganic compound material are mixed according to a certain proportion.
6. Use of the amomum villosum production-improving biomass compound fertilizer as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4 for improving the fruit setting rate of the amomum villosum.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112811957A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-18 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所云南分所 | Biological bacterial fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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