CN111202172B - Pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow serofluid and application of pasture grass silage bacterial agent - Google Patents
Pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow serofluid and application of pasture grass silage bacterial agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN111202172B CN111202172B CN202010053692.1A CN202010053692A CN111202172B CN 111202172 B CN111202172 B CN 111202172B CN 202010053692 A CN202010053692 A CN 202010053692A CN 111202172 B CN111202172 B CN 111202172B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow serofluid and application thereof in pasture grass silage, wherein the pasture grass silage bacterial agent comprises 40-60 parts by weight of soybean yellow serofluid, 10-20 parts by weight of straw powder and 2-6 parts by weight of fermentation initiating bacteria, the fermentation initiating bacteria are geotrichum candidum or lactic acid bacteria, the straw powder is corn straw powder, rice straw powder or wheat straw powder, and the water content of the soybean yellow serofluid is 60-80% by weight. According to the invention, the straw powder is added into the soybean whey, so that a certain sugar source is provided for the soybean whey, the full fermentation of the soybean whey is ensured, and the quality reduction of the pasture in the ensiling process caused by the loss of the material energy of the pasture is avoided; according to the invention, the straw powder is added into the soybean yellow serofluid, so that a certain sugar source is provided for the soybean yellow serofluid, the full fermentation of the soybean yellow serofluid is ensured, and the quality reduction of the pasture during ensiling caused by the loss of material energy of the pasture is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of silage bacterial agents, and particularly relates to a forage grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow slurry and application of the forage grass silage bacterial agent in forage grass silage.
Background
Ensiling is a storage technique or method for compacting and sealing fresh plant varieties to isolate the stored green feed from outside air, so that oxygen deficiency is caused inside the stored green feed, anaerobic fermentation is caused, organic acid is generated, the fresh plant feed can be stored for a long time, the nutrient loss can be reduced, and the digestion and absorption of animals are facilitated. The silage is lactobacillus fermented feed, the natural silage is fermented by using lactobacillus existing on natural plants, and the content of the lactobacillus on the natural plants is less and only accounts for 0.01-1% of the total number of bacteria. Therefore, during the fermentation process, the lactic acid bacteria are difficult to rapidly form and ensile into dominant flora, and the pH value cannot be reduced in a short time. As a result: firstly, various bacteria grow and reproduce to cause the temperature to rise rapidly, which causes the preparation fermentation period to be prolonged. Secondly, during the fermentation preparation process, the silage causes a great amount of nutrient and energy loss due to heating, and also causes the conditions of pungent smell and poor palatability. Thirdly, a great amount of mould and putrefying bacteria are propagated in the fermentation process, so that the silage is locally mildewed and rotten, and particularly the top, the bottom and the edges are mildewed and rotten seriously. Fourthly, because of the existence of a large amount of mixed bacteria, secondary fermentation is easily formed when the silage is opened, mildew spots or flaky mildew occurs on a feeding section, and thorough mildew and rot can be caused when the condition is not good. The quality of ensilage is improved by adding exogenous lactic acid bacteria internationally.
The soybean whey is yellow drained water in the processing process of soybean products such as soybeans and the like, is rich in a large amount of nutritional ingredients such as oligosaccharide, protein, isoflavone and the like, and can cause environmental pollution and resource waste if directly discharged. In addition, the yellow serofluid can be naturally fermented to form sour serofluid in the storage process, and the naturally fermented sour serofluid contains a large amount of lactic acid bacteria. Therefore, the application technology which can apply the beneficial bacteria in the soybean whey to the pasture silage and improve the quality of the pasture silage has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a pasture grass silage bacterial agent which is simple in structure and reasonable in design and is fermented by soybean yellow slurry and application of the pasture grass silage bacterial agent in pasture grass silage.
The invention achieves the above purpose through the following technical scheme:
a pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean whey comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of soybean whey, 10-20 parts of straw powder and 2-6 parts of fermentation initiating bacteria.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the fermentation initiating bacteria are geotrichum candidum or lactic acid bacteria.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the straw powder is corn straw powder, rice straw powder or wheat straw powder.
As a further optimized scheme of the invention, the water content of the soybean whey is 60-80% by mass percent.
An application of the pasture grass silage bacterial agent in pasture grass silage.
As a further optimization of the invention, the application comprises the following steps:
step S1: cutting the dried straws into small sections, and crushing the small sections of straws into powder by using a crusher for later use;
step S2: pouring the straw powder obtained in the step S1 into the soybean whey according to the proportion, uniformly stirring, adding fermentation initiating bacteria, and uniformly stirring again to obtain soybean whey to be fermented;
and step S3: and (3) uniformly mixing the soybean whey to be fermented obtained in the step (S2) with the forage grass to be ensiled, compacting, sealing and storing, and fermenting to form a ensiling microbial inoculum for ensiling the forage grass.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the pasture in the step S3 needs to be cut in advance, the temperature of pasture storage is 25-35 ℃, and the mixing ratio of the soybean whey to be fermented and the pasture is 1-2.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) According to the invention, soybean whey and pasture are mixed and then ensiled, so that in the fermentation process of the soybean whey, oxygen in a closed space is consumed, a large amount of lactic acid bacteria are formed, and a powerful fermentation condition is provided for ensiling the pasture;
2) According to the invention, the straw powder is added into the soybean whey, so that a certain sugar source is provided for the soybean whey, the full fermentation of the soybean whey is ensured, and the quality reduction of the pasture in the ensiling process caused by the loss of the material energy of the pasture is avoided;
3) According to the invention, a small amount of fermentation initiating bacteria is added into the soybean yellow serofluid, so that the soybean yellow serofluid can be promoted to be rapidly fermented at the initial stage in the ensiling process, and the efficiency of the whole pasture ensiling process is ensured;
4) According to the invention, the soybean yellow serofluid with high water content is used, so that the pasture has certain humidity during ensiling, the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria is promoted, and the temperature is moderate, so that the fermentation of the soybean yellow serofluid and the pasture is promoted;
5) The soybean yellow slurry is fermented to serve as a silage bacterial agent for pasture silage, and when lactic acid bacteria are formed by fermentation, a large amount of protein can be formed, so that the nutritional ingredients of the pasture are increased, and the pasture silage prepared by the method has higher nutritional value;
6) The method is simple, high in stability, reasonable in design and convenient to implement.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below, and it should be noted that the following detailed description is provided for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, which is defined by the appended claims.
Example 1
An application of a pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow serofluid in pasture grass silage, comprising the following steps:
step S1: cutting the dried straws into small sections, and crushing the small sections of straws into powder by using a crusher, wherein the straws are corn straws, rice straws or wheat straws;
step S2: pouring 10-20 parts by weight of the straw powder obtained in the step S1 into 40-60 parts by weight of soybean yellow slurry, uniformly stirring, adding 2-6 parts by weight of fermentation initiating bacteria, and uniformly stirring again to obtain soybean yellow slurry to be fermented, wherein the fermentation initiating bacteria are geotrichum candidum or lactic acid bacteria;
and step S3: and (3) uniformly mixing the soybean yellow serofluid to be fermented obtained in the step (S2) with the pasture to be ensiled according to the proportion of 1-2 to 3, compacting, sealing and storing at 25-35 ℃, and fermenting to form an ensiling microbial inoculum for ensiling the pasture. It should be noted that the pasture needs to be cut in advance.
Example 2
An application of a pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow serofluid in pasture grass silage, comprising the following steps:
step S1: cutting the dried straws into small sections, and crushing the small sections of straws into powder by using a crusher, wherein the straws are corn straws;
step S2: pouring 10 parts by weight of the straw powder obtained in the step S1 into 40 parts by weight of soybean whey, uniformly stirring, adding 2 parts by weight of fermentation initiating bacteria, and uniformly stirring again to obtain the soybean whey to be fermented, wherein the fermentation initiating bacteria are lactic acid bacteria;
and step S3: and (3) uniformly mixing the soybean whey to be fermented obtained in the step (S2) with the forage grass to be ensiled according to the weight percentage of 1. It should be noted that the pasture needs to be cut in advance.
Example 3
An application of a pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow slurry in pasture grass silage comprises the following steps:
step S1: cutting the dried straws into small sections, and crushing the small sections of straws into powder by using a crusher, wherein the straws are rice straws;
step S2: pouring 15 parts by weight of the straw powder obtained in the step S1 into 50 parts by weight of soybean whey, uniformly stirring, adding 4 parts by weight of fermentation initiating bacteria, and uniformly stirring again to obtain soybean whey to be fermented, wherein the fermentation initiating bacteria is geotrichum candidum;
and step S3: and (3) uniformly mixing the soybean yellow serofluid to be fermented obtained in the step (S2) with the pasture to be ensiled according to the proportion of 2 to 3, compacting, sealing and storing at 30 ℃, and forming an ensiling agent after fermentation to ensile the pasture. It should be noted that the pasture needs to be cut in advance.
Example 4
An application of a pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow slurry in pasture grass silage comprises the following steps:
step S1: cutting the dried straws into small sections, and crushing the small sections of straws into powder by using a crusher, wherein the straws are wheat straws;
step S2: pouring 20 parts by weight of the straw powder obtained in the step S1 into 60 parts by weight of soybean whey, uniformly stirring, adding 6 parts by weight of fermentation initiating bacteria, and uniformly stirring again to obtain the soybean whey to be fermented, wherein the fermentation initiating bacteria are lactic acid bacteria;
and step S3: and (3) uniformly mixing the soybean whey to be fermented obtained in the step (S2) with the forage grass to be ensiled according to the weight percentage of 2. It should be noted that the pasture needs to be cut in advance.
Comparative example 1
An application of a pasture grass silage bacterial agent in pasture grass silage comprises the following steps:
cutting forage grass, adding a proper amount of lactobacillus, mixing uniformly, compacting, sealing and storing at 25-35 ℃, and fermenting to form a silage bacterial agent for ensiling the forage grass.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is similar to example 2 except that no straw powder is added to the soy yellow slurry.
And (3) testing: in order to test the grass storage effect of the grass storage microbial inoculum used in the above examples and comparative examples, the grass samples after storage obtained in examples 2 to 4 and comparative example 1 were taken respectively, whether the mildew phenomenon occurred or not was observed, and the crude protein content value of each grass sample after storage was tested, and the results are shown in the following tables 1 and 2:
the results in table 1 show that when soybean whey is not added, the content of lactic acid bacteria is far from the content required by the grass silage fermentation, so that the grass fermentation is incomplete, and the grass is mildewed in the silage process; when the straw powder is not added, when the pasture is stored in the green, part of the pasture can provide a sugar source for fermentation due to the fact that the fermentation needs the support of the sugar source, and then the energy loss of the pasture in the process of storing in the green is caused, and then part of the pasture mildews.
| Crude protein content (%) | |
| Example 2 | 17.2 |
| Example 3 | 17.8 |
| Example 4 | 16.9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 8.4 |
| Comparative example 2 | 14.1 |
It should be noted that the pasture in table 2 is selected from pennisetum sinese. The results in table 2 show that when no soybean whey is added, the crude protein content of the pennisetum hydridum after ensiling is only 8.4%, which is a significant difference compared with the examples 2-4, because, without the action of soybean whey, pennisetum hydridum lacks the fermentation promoting action of lactic acid bacteria, causing the loss of self energy; however, the pennisetum hydridum without the sugar source is lack of the support of an external sugar source in the ensiling process, and the sugar source of the pennisetum hydridum needs to be partially decomposed, so that the partial loss of crude protein is caused.
According to the invention, soybean whey and pasture are mixed and then ensiled, so that in the fermentation process of the soybean whey, oxygen in a closed space is consumed, a large amount of lactic acid bacteria are formed, and a powerful fermentation condition is provided for ensiling the pasture; according to the invention, the straw powder is added into the soybean yellow serofluid, so that a certain sugar source is provided for the soybean yellow serofluid, the full fermentation of the soybean yellow serofluid is ensured, and the quality reduction of the pasture during the ensiling process caused by the loss of the material energy of the pasture is avoided; according to the invention, a small amount of fermentation initiating bacteria is added into the soybean whey, so that the soybean whey can be rapidly fermented at the initial stage in the ensiling process, and the efficiency of the whole pasture ensiling process is ensured; according to the invention, the soybean yellow serofluid with high water content is used, so that the pasture has certain humidity during ensiling, the fermentation of lactic acid bacteria is promoted, and the temperature is moderate, so that the fermentation of the yellow serofluid and the pasture is further promoted; the invention utilizes the soybean yellow slurry for fermentation to serve as the silage bacterial agent of the pasture silage, and when the soybean yellow slurry is fermented to form lactic acid bacteria, a large amount of protein can be formed, the nutrient content of the pasture is increased, and the pasture silage prepared by the method has higher nutrient value.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow slurry is characterized in that: the pasture grass silage inoculant comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of soybean whey, 10-20 parts of straw powder and 2-6 parts of fermentation initiating bacteria, wherein the water content of the soybean whey is 60-80%, and the preparation method of the pasture grass silage inoculant comprises the following steps: pouring straw powder into soybean whey according to a proportion, uniformly stirring, adding fermentation initiating bacteria, uniformly stirring again to obtain soybean whey to be fermented, uniformly mixing the soybean whey to be fermented with the forage grass to be ensiled, compacting, sealing and storing, and forming a ensiling microbial inoculum after fermentation to ensile the forage grass.
2. The pasture grass silage inoculant fermented by soybean milk according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the fermentation initiating bacteria are geotrichum candidum or lactic acid bacteria.
3. The pasture grass silage bacterial agent fermented by soybean yellow slurry as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the straw powder is corn straw powder, rice straw powder or wheat straw powder.
4. Use of a grass silage bacterial agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 in grass silage.
5. The application of the pasture grass silage bacterial agent in pasture grass silage as claimed in claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: cutting the dried straws into small sections, and crushing the small sections of straws into powder by using a crusher for later use;
step S2: pouring the straw powder obtained in the step S1 into the soybean yellow serofluid according to a certain proportion, uniformly stirring, adding fermentation initiating bacteria, and uniformly stirring again to obtain the soybean yellow serofluid to be fermented;
and step S3: and (3) uniformly mixing the soybean whey to be fermented obtained in the step (S2) with the forage grass to be ensiled, compacting, sealing and storing, and fermenting to form a ensiling microbial inoculum for ensiling the forage grass.
6. The application of the pasture grass silage bacterial agent as claimed in claim 5 in pasture grass silage, which is characterized in that: the pasture in the step S3 needs to be cut in advance, the temperature of pasture storage is 25-35 ℃, and the mixing ratio of the soybean whey to be fermented to the pasture is 1-2.
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