CN111201877A - Peanut digging and reverse-laying machine - Google Patents
Peanut digging and reverse-laying machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111201877A CN111201877A CN202010153376.1A CN202010153376A CN111201877A CN 111201877 A CN111201877 A CN 111201877A CN 202010153376 A CN202010153376 A CN 202010153376A CN 111201877 A CN111201877 A CN 111201877A
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- peanut
- peanut seedling
- seedling
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- conveying
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- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 329
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 329
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 315
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 315
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 315
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D29/00—Harvesters for peanuts
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D13/00—Diggers, e.g. potato ploughs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D17/00—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms
- A01D17/08—Digging machines with sieving and conveying mechanisms with shaker type screens
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D33/00—Accessories for digging harvesters
- A01D33/08—Special sorting and cleaning mechanisms
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a peanut digging and reverse-paving machine, and belongs to the technical field of peanut harvesting machinery. The peanut seedling soil removal and conveying device comprises a suspension type rack provided with supporting wheels, wherein a peanut digging and rear conveying device, a peanut seedling soil removal and conveying device and a peanut seedling reverse paving device are sequentially arranged on the rack from front to back; the peanut seedling reverse paving device comprises a left side peanut seedling reverse paving structure and a right side peanut seedling reverse paving structure, wherein the left side peanut seedling reverse paving structure and the right side peanut seedling reverse paving structure are arranged in a left-right symmetrical mode. The peanut seedling digging machine can dig out peanuts from the ground, remove soil of peanut seedlings, reversely lay the peanut seedlings and neatly stack the peanut seedlings, and is convenient for airing peanuts and processing by a peanut seedling separator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of peanut harvesting machinery.
Background
The peanut is a commercial crop generally planted in wide areas in China, and after the peanut is mature, the harvesting process is mostly finished manually, so that the labor intensity is high, and the efficiency is low. The peanut harvesting mechanical equipment is especially important due to large planting quantity, the peanut root fruits grow in soil at present, the peanuts directly separated from the peanut seedlings in the field need to be aired due to humidity, and otherwise the peanuts easily mildew, so that the quality of the peanuts is seriously influenced. However, if the peanuts are directly separated, a process is undoubtedly needed to be added for airing, a large amount of space is needed to be occupied, the labor intensity is greatly increased, and the labor efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a peanut digging and reverse-paving machine which can dig out peanuts from the ground, remove soil from peanut seedlings, reversely pave the peanut seedlings and neatly stack the peanut seedlings, and is convenient for airing peanuts and processing by a peanut seedling separator.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a peanut digging reverse-laying machine comprises a suspension type rack provided with supporting wheels, a peanut digging back conveying device, a peanut seedling soil removing conveying device and a peanut seedling reverse-laying device are sequentially arranged on the rack from front to back, the peanut digging back conveying device comprises more than one shovel blade and a peanut seedling conveying guide structure, the shovel blade is arranged at the front end to shovel and dig peanuts in a working area at the front end of the peanut digging reverse-laying machine, the peanut seedling conveying guide structure is fixed at the rear end of the shovel blade to guide the peanut seedlings shoveled and dug by the shovel blade into the peanut seedling soil removing conveying device at the rear, the peanut seedling soil removing conveying device comprises a peanut seedling conveying device and a vibrating device, the peanut seedling conveying device comprises a left side chain transmission structure, a right side chain transmission structure and a peanut seedling conveying slat, the left side chain transmission structure and the right side chain transmission structure are respectively and symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the rack, the left side chain drive structure is the same as the right side chain drive structure: the peanut seedling conveying device comprises a group of conveying chain wheels and chains in meshed connection with the conveying chain wheels, wherein the conveying chain wheels are driven by a driving device to enable chains in a left side chain transmission structure and a right side chain transmission structure to synchronously rotate, each peanut seedling conveying lath comprises a lath and rake teeth uniformly distributed on the lath, the left end and the right end of each lath are fixedly connected with the chains in the left side chain transmission structure and the chains in the right side chain transmission structure respectively to form a peanut seedling conveying channel, and the upper surface of the peanut seedling conveying channel is inclined from front to back to form a peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel; the vibrating device comprises at least one group of roller groups, the roller groups are fixed below a peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel through roller group fixing supports, rollers in each roller group are arranged in the front-back direction of the peanut seedling conveying area, the axial lead of each roller in each roller group is parallel to a batten, the height position of each roller in each roller group can enable each roller to jack the batten above the roller, and when each batten sequentially passes through the upper surface of each roller, the arc surface of each roller enables each batten to vibrate in an undulating manner, so that the peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel generates vibration; the peanut seedling is laid conversely and is put including the left side peanut seedling structure of laying conversely and the right side peanut seedling structure of laying conversely, and the left side peanut seedling structure of laying conversely and the right side peanut seedling structure bilateral symmetry set up, and the structure is the same: the peanut seedling reverse laying passage comprises a bar fixing support fixed with a rack and bars fixed on the bar fixing support at intervals, wherein the bars arranged at intervals of a left peanut seedling reverse laying structure and the bars arranged at intervals of a right peanut seedling reverse laying structure are combined to form a peanut seedling reverse laying passage for receiving peanut seedlings conveyed by a peanut seedling conveying passage, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying passage are inclined from high to low towards the inner side, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying passage are drawn close from front to back towards the inner side, after the peanut seedlings are conveyed to the peanut seedling reverse laying passage from the peanut seedling conveying passage, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying passage are inclined from high to low towards the inner side, so that heavier roots fall downwards onto corresponding bars to be borne, seedlings are blocked by corresponding bars on the outer sides of the peanut seedlings and then fall downwards towards the inner side, and then the seedlings slide downwards under the guiding action of the bars, the peanut seedling part falls to the ground at the inner side firstly, the peanut part falls to the ground at the outer side after the peanut part to play a role of reversely spreading peanut seedlings, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reversely-spreading channel are drawn from front to back to the inner side, so that the peanut seedlings can be gathered to the middle in the sliding process, the peanut digging and reversely-spreading machine collects the harvested peanut seedlings behind the middle of the peanut digging and reversely-spreading machine in the advancing process, and a tidy strip-shaped peanut seedling harvesting area is formed.
The invention further improves that:
the two shoveling knives in the peanut digging and conveying device are of a bilateral symmetry structure, the outer ends of the two shoveling knives are in the front, and the inner ends of the two shoveling knives are in the rear, so that the shoveled peanut seedlings are gathered and guided into the front end of the peanut seedling conveying channel.
The peanut seedling conveying guide structure is guide rods fixed at the rear end of the scraper knife at intervals, and each guide rod extends backwards to the front end of the peanut seedling conveying channel.
The left side peanut seedling counter-paving structure and the right side peanut seedling counter-paving structure in the peanut seedling counter-paving device also respectively comprise a peanut seedling auxiliary receiving part: the peanut seedling planting machine comprises a support shaft, wherein the outer end of the support shaft is fixedly connected with a rack, the support shaft inclines downwards from the outer end to the inner end, a plurality of seedling combing guide discs are arranged on the support shaft at intervals, and the upper edge of each seedling combing guide disc and an arc-shaped bar at the front end part of each peanut seedling reverse-laying channel are embedded into a gap between the two opposite sides, so that the front end part of the peanut seedling reverse-laying channel is formed together.
The suspension type frame is connected with the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part through an inclination self-adaptive structure, the inclination self-adaptive structure comprises a frame connecting piece fixedly connected with the suspension type frame and a support shaft connecting piece fixedly connected with a support shaft, the frame connecting piece is provided with a connecting block, the left side and the right side of the connecting block are symmetrically provided with a left supporting surface and a right supporting surface, and are provided with connecting block pin hole penetrating through the left supporting surface and the right supporting surface, the support shaft connecting piece is provided with a U-shaped groove with a U-shaped section, and is provided with a U-shaped groove pin hole penetrating through the left groove wall and the right groove wall of the U-shaped groove, the left supporting surface and the right supporting surface of the connecting block respectively correspond to the left groove wall and the right groove wall of the U-shaped groove, a pin shaft penetrates through the U-shaped groove pin hole and the connecting, the pin shaft hole and the pin shaft are inclined downwards from front to back, a movable gap is formed between the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove and the inner side wall of the corresponding connecting block, so that the U-shaped groove of the support shaft connecting piece is displaced towards the front of the lower part by taking the pin shaft as a hinged shaft under the action of the gravity of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part, the lower part of the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove is supported on the connecting block, the support shaft of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part is inclined and positioned towards the front end from the outer end to the inner end, and the front end part of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel is used for bearing the falling structure of.
The angle of the pin shaft which hinges the frame connecting piece and the support shaft connecting piece together in the gradient self-adaptive structure is 5-20 degrees from front to back in a downward inclination manner.
The movable clearance between the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove and the inner side wall of the corresponding connecting block can ensure that the support shaft inclines from outside to inside to downward by an angle of 5-25 degrees.
Triangular bulges are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the annular seedling combing guide disc in the circumferential direction.
The connecting block that frame connecting piece was equipped with among the gradient self-adaptation structure is the cylindricality body.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:
the peanut shoveling device shovels peanuts through the shovel blade, and guides the shoveled peanut seedlings into the rear peanut seedling soil removing and conveying device through the peanut seedling conveying and guiding structure fixed at the rear end of the shovel blade; a transmission chain wheel in the soil removing and conveying device is driven by a driving device, so that chains in a left chain transmission structure and a right chain transmission structure synchronously rotate, peanut seedlings are conveyed by a peanut seedling conveying channel of the soil removing and conveying device, rake teeth uniformly distributed on slats in the peanut seedling conveying channel can be inserted into the peanut seedlings, the peanut seedlings are prevented from sliding downwards in the conveying process from low to high, the height position of each roller of the vibrating device can enable each roller to jack up the slat above the roller, when each slat sequentially passes through the upper surface of each roller, the arc surface of each roller enables each slat to vibrate up and down, so that a peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel vibrates, the shoveled soil is separated from the roots of the peanut seedlings by vibration, and the shoveled soil falls into the field through gaps between the slats; the peanut seedling reverse laying channel comprises a peanut seedling reverse laying channel, a peanut seedling digging channel, a peanut seedling raising channel and a peanut seedling raising reverse laying channel, wherein the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel are inclined from high to low to inner, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel are inclined from high to low, the inner side, the left side of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel is, forming a tidy strip-shaped peanut seedling harvesting area; when the operation speed of the peanut digging reverse paving machine is higher, the bearing load of each rod of the peanut seedling reverse paving channel can be reduced by the auxiliary bearing part of the peanut seedling, the requirement on the rigidity of each rod is conveniently reduced, the deformation of the rods due to large bearing force in the work process is reduced and avoided, the peanut seedling reverse paving work is more reliable, and the service life of the peanut seedling reverse paving machine is prolonged; the suspension type frame is connected with the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part through the gradient self-adaptive structure, the gradient self-adaptive structure can enable the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part to be more firmly installed and is convenient to detach and maintain, the frame connecting piece and the supporting shaft connecting piece in the gradient self-adaptive structure are hinged together, and the damage force of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part impacted by large rigid external force can be flexibly released due to the arrangement of the movable gap between the groove bottom wall of the U-shaped groove and the inner side wall of the corresponding connecting block.
Therefore, the peanut harvester can dig out peanuts from the ground, remove soil of peanut seedlings, reversely lay the peanut seedlings and neatly stack the peanut seedlings, is convenient for airing peanuts and processing by a peanut seedling separator, and is practical peanut harvesting mechanical equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the peanut vine transport device of FIG. 1 with the peanut vine removed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the peanut vine soil removal and delivery device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a view in the direction A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the peanut seedling counter-laying device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a right side view of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the inclination adaptive structure in fig. 5.
In the drawings: 1. a suspension type frame; 2. a scraper knife; 3. a peanut seedling conveying and guiding structure; 4. a transmission sprocket; 5. a chain; 6. laths; 7. rake teeth; 8. the roller group fixing bracket; 9. a roller; 10. a bar fixing bracket; 11. a bar; 12. a support shaft; 13. combing seedling guide discs; 14. a frame connecting member; 14-1, connecting blocks; 15. a support shaft connection; 15-1. U-shaped grooves; 16. and (7) a pin shaft.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
As can be seen from the embodiment shown in fig. 1-7, the embodiment includes a suspension type frame 1 provided with supporting wheels, a peanut digging back conveying device, a peanut seedling soil removing conveying device and a peanut seedling reverse paving device are sequentially arranged on the frame 1 from front to back, the peanut digging back conveying device includes more than one scraper knife 2 and a peanut seedling conveying guide structure 3, the scraper knife 2 is arranged at the front end to scrape peanuts in a front working area of the peanut digging reverse paving machine, the peanut seedling conveying guide structure 3 is fixed at the rear end of the scraper knife 2 to guide the peanut seedlings scraped by the scraper knife 2 into the peanut seedling soil removing conveying device at the back, the peanut seedling soil removing conveying device includes a peanut seedling conveying device and a vibrating device, the peanut seedling conveying device includes a left side chain transmission structure, a right side chain transmission structure and a peanut seedling conveying slat, the left side chain transmission structure and the right side chain transmission structure are respectively and symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the frame 1, the left side chain drive structure is the same as the right side chain drive structure: the peanut seedling conveying device comprises a group of conveying chain wheels 4 and chains 5 meshed and connected with the conveying chain wheels, wherein the conveying chain wheels 4 are driven by a driving device to enable the chains 5 in a left chain transmission structure and a right chain transmission structure to synchronously rotate (the corresponding chain wheels in the left chain transmission structure and the right chain transmission structure are fixedly connected through shafts, and the driving device drives the shafts to realize synchronous operation of the chain wheels and the chain transmission structure); the vibrating device comprises at least one group of roller groups, the roller groups are fixed below a peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel through a roller group fixing support 8, rollers 9 in each roller group are arranged in the front-back direction of the peanut seedling conveying area, the axial lead of each roller shaft in each roller group is parallel to a batten 6, the height position of each roller in each roller group can enable each roller 9 to jack the batten 6 above the roller 9, and when each batten 6 sequentially passes through the upper surface of each roller 9, the arc surface of each roller 9 enables each batten 6 to vibrate in an up-and-down mode, so that the peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel vibrates; the peanut seedling is laid conversely and is put including the left side peanut seedling structure of laying conversely and the right side peanut seedling structure of laying conversely, and the left side peanut seedling structure of laying conversely and the right side peanut seedling structure bilateral symmetry set up, and the structure is the same: comprises a bar fixing support 10 fixed with a frame 1 and bars 11 fixed on the bar fixing support 10 at intervals, wherein the bars 11 arranged at intervals of a left peanut seedling reverse laying structure and the bars 11 arranged at intervals of a right peanut seedling reverse laying structure are combined to form a peanut seedling reverse laying channel for receiving peanut seedlings conveyed by a peanut seedling conveying channel, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel are inclined from high to low towards the inner side, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel are drawn close from front to back towards the inner side, when the peanut seedlings are conveyed to the peanut seedling reverse laying channel by the peanut seedling conveying channel, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel are inclined from high to low towards the inner side, so that heavier roots fall downwards onto the corresponding bars 11 to be supported, the seedlings are blocked by the corresponding bars 11 at the outer sides of the seedlings to turn inwards and slide downwards, and then the seedlings slide downwards towards the lower sides under the guiding action of the bars 11, the peanut seedling part falls to the ground at the inner side firstly, the peanut part falls to the ground at the outer side after the peanut part to play a role of reversely spreading peanut seedlings, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reversely-spreading channel are drawn from front to back to the inner side, so that the peanut seedlings can be gathered to the middle in the sliding process, the peanut digging and reversely-spreading machine collects the harvested peanut seedlings behind the middle of the peanut digging and reversely-spreading machine in the advancing process, and a tidy strip-shaped peanut seedling harvesting area is formed.
The two shoveling knives 2 in the peanut digging and conveying device are in a bilateral symmetry structure, the outer ends of the two shoveling knives 2 are in the front, and the inner ends of the two shoveling knives 2 are in the rear, so that the shoveled peanut seedlings are gathered and guided into the front end of the peanut seedling conveying channel.
The peanut seedling conveying and guiding structure 3 is a guide rod fixed at the rear end of the shovel blade 2 at intervals, and each guide rod extends backwards to the front end of the peanut seedling conveying channel and can also be realized through a guide plate.
The left side peanut seedling counter-paving structure and the right side peanut seedling counter-paving structure in the peanut seedling counter-paving device also respectively comprise a peanut seedling auxiliary receiving part: the peanut seedling planting machine comprises a support shaft 12, wherein the outer end of the support shaft 12 is fixedly connected with a rack 1, the support shaft 12 inclines downwards from the outer end to the inner end, a plurality of seedling combing guide discs 13 are arranged on the support shaft 12 at intervals, and the upper edge of each seedling combing guide disc 13 and an arc-shaped bar 11 at the front end part of each peanut seedling reverse-laying channel are embedded into a gap between the two opposite sides, so that the front end parts of the peanut seedling reverse-laying channels are formed together.
The suspension type rack 1 is connected with the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part through an inclination self-adaptive structure, the inclination self-adaptive structure comprises a rack connecting piece 14 fixedly connected with the suspension type rack 1 and a support shaft connecting piece 15 fixedly connected with a support shaft 12, the rack connecting piece 14 is provided with a connecting block 14-1, the left side and the right side of the connecting block 14-1 are symmetrically provided with a left supporting surface and a right supporting surface, and are provided with connecting block pin hole penetrating through the left supporting surface and the right supporting surface, the support shaft connecting piece 15 is provided with a U-shaped groove 15-1 with a U-shaped cross section, and is provided with a U-shaped groove pin hole penetrating through the left side groove wall and the right side groove wall of the U-shaped groove 15-1, the left supporting surface and the right supporting surface of the connecting block 14-1 respectively correspond to the left side groove wall and the right side groove wall of the U-shaped groove 15-1, and a pin 16 penetrates The connecting blocks 14-1 are connected together, the connecting blocks are arranged in a forward inclining mode from top to bottom, so that the pin shaft holes and the pin shafts 16 are inclined downwards from front to back, a movable gap is formed between the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove 15-1 and the inner side wall of the corresponding connecting block 14-1, so that the U-shaped groove 15-1 of the supporting shaft connecting piece 15 is displaced forwards towards the lower part under the action of the gravity of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part and the pin shafts 16 are hinged, the lower part of the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove 15-1 is supported on the connecting blocks 14-1, the supporting shafts 12 of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part are positioned in an inclining mode from the outer end to the inner end towards the lower front end, and a structure for bearing the peanut.
In the inclination adaptive structure, the angle of a pin shaft 16 which hinges a frame connecting piece 14 and a support shaft connecting piece 15 together is 5-20 degrees from front to back in a downward inclination mode.
The movable clearance between the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove 15-1 and the inner side wall of the corresponding connecting block 14-1 can ensure that the angle of the support shaft 12 inclining downwards from outside to inside is 5-25 degrees.
Triangular bulges are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the annular seedling combing guide disc 13 along the circumferential direction.
The connecting block 14-1 arranged on the frame connecting piece 14 in the inclination self-adaptive structure is a cylindrical body.
The working principle is as follows:
the two shovel blades 2 are of a bilateral symmetry structure, the outer ends of the two shovel blades 2 are in the front, the inner ends of the two shovel blades 2 are in the rear, so that the shoveled peanut seedlings are gathered and guided into the front end of a peanut seedling conveying channel, and the shoveled peanut seedlings are guided into a rear peanut seedling soil removal conveying device through a peanut seedling conveying guide structure 3 fixed at the rear end of the shovel blades 2; a transmission chain wheel 4 in the peanut seedling soil removal conveying device is driven by a driving device, so that chains in a left chain transmission structure and a right chain transmission structure synchronously rotate, peanut seedlings are conveyed by a peanut seedling conveying channel of the peanut seedling soil removal conveying device, rake teeth 7 uniformly distributed on slats 6 in the peanut seedling conveying channel can be inserted into the peanut seedlings to prevent the peanut seedlings from sliding downwards in the conveying process from low to high, each roller 9 of a vibrating device can jack up the slat 6 positioned above the roller 9 by each roller 9 at a height position, and when each slat 6 sequentially passes through the upper surface of each roller 9, the arc surface of each roller 9 enables each slat 6 to vibrate up and down, so that a peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel vibrates, shoveled soil is separated from the roots of the peanut seedlings by vibration, and falls into the field by gaps among the slats 6; the peanut seedling reverse paving channel is formed by combining the rods 11 arranged at intervals, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse paving channel are inclined from high to low to inner side, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse paving channel are drawn from front to back to inner side, when peanut seedlings are conveyed to the peanut seedling reverse paving channel by the peanut seedling conveying channel, the heavy roots can fall downwards to the corresponding rods to be carried by the heavy roots, the seedling parts are blocked by the corresponding rods on the outer sides of the seedling parts and turn inwards to slide downwards, so that the seedling parts slide downwards to the lower sides under the guiding action of the rods, the peanut seedling parts fall to the inner sides firstly, the peanut fruit parts fall to the outer sides to play a role of peanut seedling reverse paving, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse paving channel are drawn from front to back to inner sides to enable the peanut seedlings to gather towards the middle in the sliding process, and the peanut digging reverse paving machine collects the harvested peanut seedlings at the rear part of the peanut digging reverse paving machine in the forward process, forming a tidy strip-shaped peanut seedling harvesting area; when the operation speed of the peanut digging reverse paving machine is higher, the bearing load of each rod of the peanut seedling reverse paving channel can be reduced by the auxiliary bearing part of the peanut seedling, the requirement on the rigidity of each rod is conveniently reduced, the deformation of the rods due to large bearing force in the work process is reduced and avoided, the peanut seedling reverse paving work is more reliable, and the service life of the peanut seedling reverse paving machine is prolonged; the suspension type rack is connected with the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part through the gradient self-adaptive structure, the installation of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part is firmer, the disassembly and the maintenance are convenient, the rack connecting piece 14 and the support shaft connecting piece 15 in the gradient self-adaptive structure are hinged together, and the arrangement of a movable gap between the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove 15-1 and the inner side wall of the corresponding connecting block 14-1 can flexibly relieve the destructive force of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part under the impact of larger rigid external force.
Claims (9)
1. A peanut digs reverse paver which characterized in that: the peanut seedling digging and conveying device comprises a suspension type rack (1) provided with supporting wheels, wherein a peanut digging and conveying device, a peanut seedling soil removing and conveying device and a peanut seedling reverse paving device are sequentially arranged on the rack (1) from front to back, the peanut digging and conveying device comprises more than one shovel blade (2) and a peanut seedling conveying and guiding structure (3), the shovel blade (2) is arranged at the front end to shovel peanuts in a front-end working area of the peanut digging and reverse paving machine, the peanut seedling conveying and guiding structure (3) is fixed at the rear end of the shovel blade (2) to guide the peanut seedlings shoveled by the shovel blade (2) into the rear peanut seedling soil removing and conveying device, the peanut seedling soil removing and conveying device comprises a peanut seedling conveying device and a vibrating device, the peanut seedling conveying device comprises a left side chain transmission structure, a right side chain transmission structure and a peanut seedling conveying slat, the left side chain drive structure with the right side chain drive structure symmetry respectively sets up the left side and the right side of frame (1), left side chain drive structure is the same with right side chain drive structure: the peanut seedling conveying device comprises a group of conveying chain wheels (4) and chains (5) meshed and connected with the conveying chain wheels, wherein the conveying chain wheels (4) are driven by a driving device to enable the chains (5) in a left side chain transmission structure and a right side chain transmission structure to synchronously rotate, each peanut seedling conveying lath comprises a lath (6) and rake teeth (7) uniformly distributed on the lath (6), the left end and the right end of each lath (6) are fixedly connected with the chains of the left side chain transmission structure and the chains (5) of the right side chain transmission structure respectively to form a peanut seedling conveying channel, and a peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel is formed by inclining upwards from front to back on the peanut seedling conveying channel; the vibrating device comprises at least one group of roller groups, the roller groups are fixed below a peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel through a roller group fixing support (8), rollers (9) in each roller group are arranged in the front-back direction of the peanut seedling conveying area, the axial lead of each roller shaft in each roller group is parallel to the lath (6), the height position of each roller in each roller group enables each roller (9) to jack the lath (6) above the roller group, and when each lath (6) passes through the upper surface of each roller (9) in sequence, the arc surface of each roller (9) enables each lath (6) to vibrate in an up-and-down mode, so that the peanut seedling conveying area of the peanut seedling conveying channel vibrates; the peanut seedling reverse paving device comprises a left side peanut seedling reverse paving structure and a right side peanut seedling reverse paving structure, wherein the left side peanut seedling reverse paving structure and the right side peanut seedling reverse paving structure are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode and are identical in structure: comprises a bar fixing support (10) fixed with the frame (1) and bars (11) fixed on the bar fixing support (10) at intervals, wherein each bar (11) arranged at intervals of the left peanut seedling reverse laying structure and each bar (11) arranged at intervals of the right peanut seedling reverse laying structure are combined to form a peanut seedling reverse laying channel for receiving peanut seedlings conveyed by the peanut seedling conveying channel, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel are inclined from high to low to inner sides, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse laying channel are drawn close from front to inner sides, when the peanut seedlings are conveyed to the peanut seedling reverse laying channel by the peanut seedling conveying channel, the inclined structures of the left side and the right side of the peanut reverse laying channel from high to inner sides can enable heavier roots to fall down onto the corresponding bars (11) to be born by the inclined structures, and the seedling parts are blocked by the corresponding bars (11) on the outer sides and fall down to the inner sides, therefore, under the guiding action of each bar (11), the seedling parts slide downwards to the lower part of the inner side so that the peanut seedling parts fall to the inner side firstly, the peanut parts fall to the outer side after falling to play a role in peanut seedling reverse paving, the left side and the right side of the peanut seedling reverse paving channel are close to the inner side from front to back so that the peanut seedlings can be gathered to the middle in the sliding process, and the peanut digging reverse paving machine collects the harvested peanut seedlings behind the middle part of the peanut digging reverse paving machine in the advancing process so as to form a strip-shaped peanut seedling harvesting area in order.
2. A peanut digging and spreading machine as defined in claim 1 wherein: the peanut digging and conveying device is characterized in that the number of the shoveling knives (2) in the peanut digging and conveying device is two, the two shoveling knives (2) are of a bilateral symmetry structure, the outer ends of the two shoveling knives (2) are in the front, and the inner ends of the two shoveling knives are in the rear, so that shoveled peanut seedlings are gathered and guided into the front end of the peanut seedling conveying channel.
3. A peanut digging and spreading machine as defined in claim 2 wherein: the peanut seedling conveying guide structure (3) is guide rods fixed at the rear end of the scraper knife (2) at intervals, and each guide rod extends backwards to the front end of the peanut seedling conveying channel.
4. A peanut digging and spreading machine as defined in claim 1 wherein: the peanut seedling counter-paving structure of the left side and the peanut seedling counter-paving structure of the right side in the peanut seedling counter-paving device respectively comprise a peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part: the peanut seedling raising and spreading machine comprises a supporting shaft (12), wherein the outer end of the supporting shaft (12) is fixedly connected with a rack (1), the supporting shaft (12) inclines downwards from the outer end to the inner end, a plurality of seedling combing guide discs (13) are arranged on the supporting shaft (12) at intervals, and the upper edge of each seedling combing guide disc (13) and an arc-shaped bar (11) at the front end of each peanut seedling reverse spreading channel are embedded into a gap between the two opposite sides, so that the front end of the peanut seedling reverse spreading channel is formed together.
5. A peanut digging and spreading machine as defined in claim 4 wherein: the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part is characterized in that the suspension type rack (1) is connected with the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part through an inclination self-adaptive structure, the inclination self-adaptive structure comprises a rack connecting piece (14) fixedly connected with the suspension type rack (1) and a supporting shaft connecting piece (15) fixedly connected with the supporting shaft (12), the rack connecting piece (14) is provided with a connecting block (14-1), the left side and the right side of the connecting block (14-1) are symmetrically provided with a left supporting surface and a right supporting surface, connecting block pin shaft holes penetrating through the left supporting surface and the right supporting surface are arranged on the supporting shaft connecting piece (15), a U-shaped groove (15-1) with a U-shaped cross section is arranged on the supporting shaft connecting piece (15), U-shaped groove pin shaft holes penetrating through the left groove wall and the right groove wall of the U-shaped groove (15-1) are arranged, and the left supporting surface and the right supporting surface of the connecting block (14-1) respectively correspond 1) The pin shaft (16) penetrates through the U-shaped groove pin shaft hole and the connecting block pin shaft hole to hinge the frame connecting piece (14) and the supporting shaft connecting piece (15) together, the connecting block (14-1) is arranged in a forward inclining mode from top to bottom so that the pin shaft hole and the pin shaft (16) incline downwards from front to back, a movable gap is formed between the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove (15-1) and the inner side wall of the connecting block (14-1) corresponding to the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove (15-1), so that the U-shaped groove (15-1) of the supporting shaft connecting piece (15) is used for the hinge shaft (16) to displace towards the front of the lower part under the action of the gravity of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part, the lower part of the U-shaped groove (15-1) is supported on the connecting block (14-1), and the supporting shaft (12) of the peanut seedling auxiliary bearing part is positioned downwards from the outer end to the front end of And a structure for receiving the falling of the peanut seedlings is formed at the front end part of the peanut seedling reverse paving passage.
6. A peanut digging and spreading machine as defined in claim 5 wherein: in the inclination self-adaptive structure, the angle of a pin shaft (16) which hinges the rack connecting piece (14) and the supporting shaft connecting piece (15) together is 5-20 degrees from front to back in a downward inclination manner.
7. A peanut digging and spreading machine as defined in claim 6 wherein: the movable gap between the bottom wall of the U-shaped groove (15-1) and the corresponding inner side wall of the connecting block (14-1) can enable the support shaft (12) to incline from outside to inside to bottom at an angle of 5-25 degrees.
8. A peanut digging and spreading machine as defined in claim 7 wherein: triangular bulges are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the seedling combing guide disc (13) in the circumferential direction.
9. A peanut digging counter-paver as defined in any one of claims 5, 6, 7 or 8 wherein: the connecting block (14-1) arranged on the rack connecting piece (14) in the inclination self-adaptive structure is a cylindrical body.
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| CN202010153376.1A CN111201877B (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Reverse paving machine for peanut excavation |
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| CN202010153376.1A CN111201877B (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Reverse paving machine for peanut excavation |
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| CN111201877A true CN111201877A (en) | 2020-05-29 |
| CN111201877B CN111201877B (en) | 2024-09-17 |
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| CN111201877B (en) | 2024-09-17 |
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