CN110679270B

CN110679270B - Onion harvester

Info

Publication number: CN110679270B
Application number: CN201911145676.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张明辉; 蒋宏; 刘金涛; 孔融; 朱果; 董宝国; 张学斌
Original assignee: Jiuquan Huachuang Gobi Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiuquan Huachuang Gobi Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-21
Filing date: 2019-11-21
Publication date: 2021-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-21
Also published as: CN110679270A

Abstract

The invention relates to an onion harvester which comprises a suspension bracket and a frame-shaped rack, wherein a square sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the suspension bracket; a hydraulic cylinder is fixed between the upper part of the right side of the frame-shaped frame and the square sleeve; a digging shovel and a rotating shaft I are obliquely arranged below the front end part of the right side of the frame-shaped rack through a group of guard plates, nail teeth are fixed on the axial surface of the rotating shaft I, and the tail end of the left side of the rotating shaft I is connected with a belt pulley I; a fixed plate is fixed on the rear end part of the guard plate corresponding to the frame-shaped rack, a chain is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the fixed plate through a rotating shaft II and a rotating shaft III in a matching way, and the chain is connected with a carrying tooth through an L-shaped connecting plate; a group of channel steel is fixed on the frame-shaped frame; a group of rotating wheels are arranged in the tank body, a cross shaft is arranged between the rotating wheels, a screen is fixed on the cross shaft through a support frame, a receiving hopper and a bag hanging bracket are arranged at the rear end part of the left side of the screen, and an object placing plate is fixed below the bag hanging bracket; the left side of the frame-shaped frame is fixed with a power assembly. The invention has convenient and reliable use, can save manpower and can harvest cleanly.

Description

Onion harvester

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an onion harvester.

Background

The onion is also called onion, etc., is a biennial vegetable of allium of liliaceae, and is cultivated on the coast of the original Zhongya and Mediterranean regions in China. The onion is cold-resistant, temperature-preference, high-yield, transportation-resistant and long in supply period, and the fleshy bulb is fine and smooth in texture, soft in fiber, delicious in flavor and special in aroma. Contains prostaglandin A, and has effects in reducing peripheral vascular resistance and blood viscosity, lowering blood pressure, refreshing brain, relieving pressure, and preventing common cold.

In recent years, the planting area of onions in China is increased year by year, but the onion harvesting technology is slowly developed, and the onion harvesting is still carried out by means of manual digging, which wastes time and labor. In order to solve the problem, a plurality of onion harvesters are also available in the market, which are driven by a driving mechanism such as a tractor, and the driving mechanism generally runs behind the harvested onions and is easy to roll the harvested onions, so that a large number of onions are damaged, and the onion harvesters are inconvenient to use.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the onion harvester which is convenient and reliable to use, can save manpower and can harvest onion cleanly.

In order to solve the problems, the onion harvester comprises a suspension bracket and a frame-shaped frame, wherein a pull rod is hinged between the upper end part of the suspension bracket and a cross beam at the rear end part of the left side of the frame-shaped frame, and the onion harvester is characterized in that: a square sleeve is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the suspension bracket, and a cross beam at the front end of the frame-shaped rack is sleeved in the square sleeve; a hydraulic cylinder is fixed between the upper part of the right side of the cross beam at the front end of the frame-shaped rack and the upper part of the square sleeve close to the middle position; a group of guard plates are fixed below the front end part of the right side of the frame-shaped rack, an excavating shovel is obliquely arranged between the bottoms of the guard plates, the front end part of the excavating shovel is a wedge-shaped plate, the rear end part of the excavating shovel is uniformly distributed gear rods, the gear rods form a structure similar to a screen, the gear rods are integrally connected to the rear end part of the wedge-shaped plate, a rotating shaft I is arranged below the gear rods and corresponds to the guard plates, nail teeth are fixed on the axial surface of the rotating shaft I, the left end of the left side extends to the outer end part of the left guard plate and is connected with a belt pulley I, and the tail ends of the nail teeth are in an arc shape bent downwards; a group of obliquely arranged fixed plates are fixed on the rear end part of the guard plate corresponding to the frame-shaped rack, a rotating shaft II and a rotating shaft III are respectively arranged between the upper end and the lower end of each fixed plate, chains are arranged between the two end parts of the rotating shaft II and the rotating shaft III in a matching manner, an L-shaped connecting plate is horizontally arranged between the chains, evenly distributed carrying teeth are connected onto the L-shaped connecting plate, and the tail ends of the carrying teeth are of an upward bending structure; the tail end of the left side of the rotating shaft II extends to the outside of the left side fixing plate and is connected with a belt pulley II, two end parts of the rotating shaft III are fixed at the bottom end of the corresponding fixing plate through a pressing device, and a movable hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the fixing plate, of the pressing device; a support is arranged behind the fixed plate and between beams at the left end and the right end of the frame-shaped rack, and a group of channel steel is horizontally fixed at the upper end part of the support; the channel steel openings are oppositely arranged, a group of rotating wheels are respectively arranged in the channel steel groove body, a transverse shaft is respectively arranged between the rotating wheels, a group of supporting frames are respectively arranged on the transverse shaft close to two end parts, the right side of each supporting frame is high, the left side of each supporting frame is low, the front side of each supporting frame is high, the rear side of each supporting frame is low, a screen is fixed at the upper end part of each supporting frame, and baffles are arranged on the left side, the right side and the rear end part of each screen; a receiving hopper is arranged at the rear end part of the left side of the screen corresponding to the frame-shaped rack, the receiving hopper is communicated with the baffle at the corresponding position, a plurality of bag hanging brackets are arranged at the tail ends of the receiving hopper, and an object placing plate is horizontally fixed below the bag hanging brackets corresponding to the frame-shaped rack; a power assembly is fixed at the upper part of the left side of the frame-shaped rack, a belt pulley III and an eccentric wheel are respectively connected with the right side and the rear side of the power assembly in a driving way through an output shaft, and the eccentric wheel is movably connected with the transverse shaft through a connecting rod; and the left side and the right side of the frame-shaped rack are respectively connected with a balance roller through an adjusting rod corresponding to the lower part of the cross beam.

The hydraulic cylinder is connected with a tractor hydraulic system through an oil conveying pipe.

The suspension bracket is connected to the corresponding suspension at the rear end of the tractor.

The power assembly is driven by the power output of the rear axle of the tractor.

The tooth bars and the nail teeth are distributed in a staggered mode.

The tooth bars and the carrier teeth are distributed in a staggered mode.

The carrying teeth are vertically distributed with the chain.

And the belt pulley III is in transmission connection with the belt pulley I and the belt pulley II through a belt.

The tail end of the connecting rod is movably connected with the right side of the channel steel corresponding to the transverse shaft.

The space between the bag hanging bracket and the object placing plate is consistent with the height of the onion mesh bag.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, as the hydraulic cylinder is arranged between one end of the frame-shaped frame and the square sleeve, and the square sleeve is fixed on the suspension bracket to be fixed, when the hydraulic cylinder extends, the hydraulic cylinder can push the whole frame-shaped frame rightwards, so that the main working part of the harvester moves to the right side of the tractor, the tractor cannot roll onions, and the use is more convenient and reliable.

2. According to the onion digger, the rear end of the digging shovel is arranged to be a screen structure consisting of the toothed bars, the spike teeth are arranged below the toothed bars through the rotating shaft, the spike teeth can break soil blocks adhered to onions along with the rotation of the rotating shaft, and part of impurities such as plastics and mulching films doped in the onions and soil can be removed by the spike teeth, so that the impurities in the onions are reduced.

3. The chain is arranged through the rotating shaft, the plurality of layers of carrying teeth are arranged between the chains through the connecting plate, the carrying teeth carry the onions, soil, sundries and the like to the upper end and fall on the screen mesh, and the carrying teeth can further remove part of the sundries such as the soil doped in the onions in the carrying process.

4. The onion harvester is provided with the screen, the screen is driven to move back and forth by the eccentric wheel, part of impurities such as soil doped in the onions are removed again in the back and forth movement process of the screen, the impurities such as the soil doped in the onions are effectively removed through multiple removal treatments, and the harvested onions are cleaner.

5. According to the onion bagging machine, the receiving hopper is arranged at the tail end, the bag hanging bracket is arranged at the tail end of the receiving hopper, and the object placing plate is arranged below the bag hanging bracket, so that an onion mesh bag is hung through the bag hanging bracket during working, and the bottom of the onion mesh bag is placed on the object placing plate during onion bagging, so that a large amount of labor can be saved.

Drawings

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the working mechanism of the harvesting main body of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the digging shovel of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the tooth distribution of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a carrier tooth arrangement according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a carrier tooth attachment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the pressing device of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a screen attachment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the screen transmission principle of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. the device comprises a suspension frame, 2 parts of a square sleeve, 3 parts of belt pulleys I, 4 parts of a digging shovel, 401 parts of a wedge-shaped plate, 402 parts of a toothed bar, 5 parts of a protective plate, 6 parts of a rotating shaft I, 601 parts of a nail tooth, 7 parts of a hydraulic cylinder, 8 parts of a belt pulley III, 9 parts of a carrying tooth, 10 parts of an L-shaped connecting plate, 11 parts of a rotating shaft II, 12 parts of a fixing plate, 13 parts of a belt pulley II, 14 parts of a connecting rod, 15 parts of a pull rod, 16 parts of a baffle plate, 17 parts of a receiving hopper, 18 parts of a supporting frame, 19 parts of a channel steel, 20 parts of a supporting seat, 21 parts of a power assembly, 22 parts of a balance roller, 23 parts of a frame-shaped frame, 24 parts of a rotating shaft III, 25 parts of a pressing device, 26 parts of movable holes, 27 parts of an eccentric wheel, 28 parts of a placing plate, 29 parts of a bag hanging bracket, 30 parts of a transverse shaft, 31 parts of a chain, 32 parts of a rotating wheel and 33 parts of a screen.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, the onion harvester comprises a suspension bracket 1 and a frame-shaped frame 23, wherein a pull rod 15 is hinged between the upper end of the suspension bracket 1 and a cross beam at the left rear end of the frame-shaped frame 23, a square sleeve 2 is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the suspension bracket 1), and the cross beam at the front end of the frame-shaped frame 23 is sleeved in the square sleeve 2; a hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixed between the upper part of the right side of the cross beam at the front end of the frame-shaped frame 23 and the upper part of the square sleeve 2 close to the middle position; a group of guard plates 5 are fixed below the front end part of the right side of the frame-shaped frame 7, an excavating shovel 4 is obliquely arranged between the bottoms of the guard plates 5, a wedge-shaped plate 401 is arranged at the front end part of the excavating shovel 4, uniformly distributed toothed bars 402 are arranged at the rear end part of the excavating shovel, the toothed bars 402 form a structure similar to a screen, the toothed bars 402 are integrally connected to the rear end part of the wedge-shaped plate 401, a rotating shaft I6 is arranged below the toothed bars 402 and between the guard plates, a spike tooth 601 is fixed on the axial surface of the rotating shaft I6, the left end of the spike tooth 601 extends to the outer end part of the left guard plate 5 and is connected with a belt pulley I3, and the tail end of the spike tooth 601 is in a downward bent arc shape; a group of obliquely arranged fixing plates 12 are fixed on the rear end part of the guard plate 5 corresponding to the frame-shaped rack 23, a rotating shaft II 11 and a rotating shaft III 24 are respectively arranged between the upper end and the lower end of each fixing plate 12, chains 31 are arranged between the two end parts of the rotating shaft II 11 and the rotating shaft III 24 in a matching way, an L-shaped connecting plate 10 is horizontally arranged between the chains 31, and a carrying tooth 9 is connected on the L-shaped connecting plate 10; the tail end of the left side of the rotating shaft II 11 is connected with a belt pulley II 13, and a group of channel steels 19 are fixed on the corresponding frame-shaped rack 23 behind the fixing plate 12 through a support 20; a group of rotating wheels 32 are respectively arranged in the groove body of the channel steel 19, a transverse shaft 30 is arranged between the rotating wheels 32, a group of supporting frames 18 are respectively arranged at two end parts of the transverse shaft 30, a screen 33 is fixed at the upper end part of each supporting frame 18, a receiving hopper 17 is arranged at the rear end part of the left side of the screen 33, a plurality of bag hanging brackets 29 are arranged at the tail end of the receiving hopper 17, and an object placing plate 28 is fixed below the bag hanging brackets 29; a power assembly 21 is fixed at the upper part of the left side of the frame type frame 23, the power assembly 21 is connected with a belt pulley III 8 and an eccentric wheel 27 in a driving way, and the eccentric wheel 27 is movably connected with a transverse shaft 30 through a connecting rod 14; the lower parts of the left side and the right side of the frame type frame 23 are respectively connected with a balance roller 22 through an adjusting rod.

When the onion harvester is used, the suspension bracket 1 is connected to a corresponding suspension at the rear end part of a tractor, an oil pipeline of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is connected with a tractor hydraulic system, the tractor hydraulic system is operated to extend the hydraulic cylinder 7, when the hydraulic cylinder 7 extends, the hydraulic cylinder can push the whole frame-shaped frame 23 to the right, so that the main working part of the harvester moves to the right side of the tractor, when an input port of the power assembly 21 is opposite to a power output port of a rear axle of the tractor, the harvester stops, at the moment, the input port of the power assembly 21 and the power output port of the rear axle of the tractor are connected through a transmission shaft, the power assembly 21 of the rear axle of the tractor drives the power assembly 21 to work, the power assembly 21 drives the belt pulley III 8 and the eccentric wheel 27 to rotate, the belt pulley III 8 drives the belt pulley I3 and the belt pulley II 13 to rotate through a belt, the belt pulley I3 and the belt II 13 respectively drive the rotating shaft I6 and the rotating shaft II 11 to rotate, and the tractor moves forward along one side of an onion planting area, the onion is dug up by the wedge plate 401 at the front end part of the digging shovel 4 from the onion root part, the onion and soil enter the tooth bar 402 together, at the moment, due to the transmission action of the rotating shaft I6, the spike tooth 601 can break the soil block adhered on the onion, the spike tooth 601 can remove a part of sundries such as plastics and mulching films mixed in the onion and the soil, then the onion enters the carrying tooth 9, the carrying tooth 9 carries the onion, the soil and the sundries to the upper end part and falls on the screen mesh 33, through the action of the eccentric wheel 27, the eccentric wheel 27 drives the screen mesh 33 to reciprocate left and right, the soil and the sundries entering the screen mesh 33 are screened off, the onion intercepted on the screen mesh 33 enters the receiving hopper 17, the onion is bagged from the tail end of the receiving hopper 17, when bagged, the onion mesh bag is hung up by the bag hanging bracket 29, the bottom of the onion mesh bag is placed on the placing plate 28, a great deal of manpower can be saved.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an onion harvester, includes mounted frame (1) and frame type frame (23), mounted frame (1) upper end with it has pull rod (15), its characterized in that to articulate between the rear end crossbeam in frame type frame (23) left side: a square sleeve (2) is horizontally fixed at the bottom of the suspension bracket (1), and a cross beam at the front end of the frame-shaped rack (23) is sleeved in the square sleeve (2); a hydraulic cylinder (7) is fixed between the upper part of the right side of the cross beam at the front end of the frame-shaped rack (23) and the upper part of the square sleeve (2) close to the middle position; a group of guard plates (5) are fixed below the front end of the right side of the frame-shaped rack (23), an excavating shovel (4) is obliquely arranged between the bottoms of the guard plates (5), a wedge-shaped plate (401) is arranged at the front end of the excavating shovel (4), tooth bars (402) are uniformly distributed at the rear end of the excavating shovel, the tooth bars (402) form a structure similar to a screen, the tooth bars (402) are integrally connected to the rear end of the wedge-shaped plate (401), a rotating shaft I (6) is arranged below the tooth bars (402) and corresponds to the guard plates (5), spike teeth (601) are fixed on the axial surface of the rotating shaft I (6), the tail end of the left side extends to the outer end of the guard plate (5) on the left side and is connected with a belt pulley I (3), and the tail ends of the spike teeth (601) are in a downward bent arc shape; a group of obliquely arranged fixing plates (12) are fixed on the rear end part of the guard plate (5) corresponding to the frame-shaped rack (23), a rotating shaft II (11) and a rotating shaft III (24) are respectively arranged between the upper end and the lower end of each fixing plate (12), chains (31) are arranged between the two end parts of each rotating shaft II (11) and the corresponding rotating shaft III (24) in a matching manner, an L-shaped connecting plate (10) is horizontally arranged between the chains (31), the L-shaped connecting plate (10) is connected with evenly distributed carrying teeth (9), and the tail ends of the carrying teeth (9) are of an upward bending structure; the tail end of the left side of the rotating shaft II (11) extends to the outside of the fixing plate (12) on the left side and is connected with a belt pulley II (13), two end parts of the rotating shaft III (24) are fixed at the bottom end corresponding to the fixing plate (12) through a pressing device (25), and a movable hole (26) is formed in the position, corresponding to the fixing plate (12), of the pressing device (25); a support (20) is arranged behind the fixed plate (12) and between beams at the left end and the right end of the frame-shaped rack (23), and a group of channel steel (19) is horizontally fixed at the upper end of the support (20); the opening of the channel steel (19) is oppositely arranged, a group of rotating wheels (32) are respectively arranged in the channel steel (19), transverse shafts (30) are respectively arranged among the rotating wheels (32), a group of supporting frames (18) are respectively arranged on the transverse shafts (30) close to two end parts, the supporting frames (18) are high at the right and low at the left, high at the front and low at the back, a screen (33) is fixed at the upper end part, and baffles (16) are arranged on the left side, the right side and the back end part of the screen (33); a receiving hopper (17) is arranged at the rear end part of the left side of the screen (33) corresponding to the frame-shaped rack (23), the receiving hopper (17) is communicated with a baffle (16) at a corresponding position, a plurality of bag hanging brackets (29) are arranged at the tail end of the receiving hopper (17), and an object placing plate (28) is horizontally fixed below the bag hanging brackets (29) corresponding to the frame-shaped rack (23); a power assembly (21) is fixed at the upper part of the left side of the frame-shaped frame (23), a belt pulley III (8) and an eccentric wheel (27) are respectively connected with the right side and the rear side of the power assembly (21) in a driving way through an output shaft, and the eccentric wheel (27) is movably connected with the transverse shaft (30) through a connecting rod (14); the left side and the right side of the frame-shaped frame (23) are respectively connected with a balance roller (22) through an adjusting rod corresponding to the lower part of the cross beam.

2. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: and the hydraulic cylinder (7) is connected with a tractor hydraulic system through an oil conveying pipe.

3. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the suspension bracket (1) is connected to the corresponding suspension at the rear end of the tractor.

4. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the power assembly (21) is driven by the power output of a rear axle of the tractor.

5. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the toothed bars (402) and the spikes (601) are distributed in a staggered manner.

6. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the gear rods (402) and the carrier teeth (9) are distributed in a staggered manner.

7. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the carrying teeth (9) are vertically distributed with the chain (31).

8. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: and the belt pulley III (8) is in transmission connection with the belt pulley I (3) and the belt pulley II (13) through a belt.

9. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the connecting rod (14) is movably connected with the right side of the channel steel (19) corresponding to the transverse shaft (30).

10. The onion harvester of claim 1, wherein: the space between the bag hanging bracket (29) and the object placing plate (28) is consistent with the height of the onion mesh bag.