CN111187731A - Biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111187731A CN111187731A CN201911196352.8A CN201911196352A CN111187731A CN 111187731 A CN111187731 A CN 111187731A CN 201911196352 A CN201911196352 A CN 201911196352A CN 111187731 A CN111187731 A CN 111187731A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of seaweed extract, 20-30 parts of water-soluble organic matter, 30-45 parts of fermented organic matter, 25-30 parts of micropore protective agent, 3-5 parts of algae growth promoting factor and 3-5 parts of composite microbial inoculum. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum. The water quality improving microbial inoculum has the double effects of activating the microbial activity of water, improving nutrient circulation and promoting biological water quality improvement by combining two forms of carbon sources. And the seaweed extract is contained, so that the microalgae aquatic weed can be promoted to grow at low temperature, and the excellent water color can be quickly formed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizer manufacturing, in particular to a biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The total yield of aquatic products in China in 2018 is 6445.33 ten thousand tons, wherein the culture yield is 4905.99 ten thousand tons and accounts for 76.12 percent of the total yield, and the fishing yield is 1539.34 ten thousand tons and accounts for 23.88 percent of the total yield. Is the only main fishery country in the world in which the total amount of the cultured aquatic products exceeds the total amount of the fishing. In the total yield, the yield of the seawater product is 3321.74 ten thousand tons accounting for 51.54 percent of the total yield, and the yield of the freshwater product is 3123.59 ten thousand tons accounting for 48.46 percent of the total yield. It is worth noting that the method solves the outstanding problem of green development of the aquaculture industry. At present, the problems of deteriorated culture environment, serious pollution, large water resource waste and the like commonly exist in artificial culture, and research shows that about 20-30% of nitrogen and phosphorus input in a culture system are converted into aquatic products, and the rest is mostly deposited in a substrate or discharged in the external environment along with the aquatic products. In recent years, the crayfish and rice comprehensive breeding and breeding mode promotes the rapid development of crayfish industry, the total area of crayfish breeding in 2018 reaches 1680 ten thousand mu, the total yield is 163.87 ten thousand tons, wherein: the shrimp and rice co-farming mode culture area reaches 1260 ten thousand mu and occupies 75.1 percent of the total area. In 2018, the comprehensive cultivation of shrimp and rice, particularly the combined culture of shrimp and rice, has been developed from the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river such as Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and the like to 21 provinces such as Shandong, Henan, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Chongqing, Fujian, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Shanghai, Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Hebei, Shanxi and the like in China. According to the report of the central broad-web, the comprehensive shrimp and rice planting area in China accounts for about 15% of the area of the existing rice field. The rice seeding area of the whole country is calculated to 30162.4 kilo hectares according to the statistics of the State statistics office in 2016, and the rice area suitable for the comprehensive cultivation of shrimp and rice is up to 6800 kilo mu. The shrimp and rice co-cultivation improves the income of rice planting farmers, and also solves the problem of aquaculture area pollution due to low yield per unit.
For example, Chinese patent publication No. CN201510273733.7 discloses a microbial preparation for purifying and improving water quality; chinese patent publication No. CN104326551A discloses a composite water quality modifier for aquaculture and a preparation method thereof. The patent provides nutrition for organisms through carbon sources and nitrogen sources such as amino acid, glucose and the like, and improves water quality through microbial decomposition. In the practical application process, especially in autumn and winter with low temperature, the low-temperature algae cultivation effect is poor, and the water quality improvement effect is general and unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water quality improving microbial inoculum containing water-soluble carbon and two morphological carbon sources of fermentation organic matters, realizing the double effects of biological bottom-improving and algae-culturing, and containing a seaweed extract and having the effects of culturing algae at low temperature and promoting the growth of aquatic weeds, and particularly relates to the double-effect water quality improving microbial inoculum for biological bottom-improving and algae-culturing and a preparation method thereof. The combination of the two forms of carbon sources has the double effects of activating the microbial activity of the water body, improving the nutrient circulation and promoting the biological improvement of water quality. And the seaweed extract is contained, so that the microalgae aquatic weed can be promoted to grow at low temperature, and the excellent water color can be quickly formed.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of seaweed extract
20-30 parts of water-soluble organic matter
30-45 parts of fermented organic matter
25-30 parts of micropore protective agent
3-5 parts of algae growth promoting factor
3-5 parts of a compound microbial inoculum.
The seaweed in the seaweed extract is one or more of gulfweed, kelp, undaria pinnatifida and agar.
The water-soluble organic matter is one or more of amino acid, sugar, biochemical fulvic acid and humic acid.
The micropore protective agent is one or more of oyster shell powder, kaolin and plant ash of a biological power plant, wherein the oyster shell powder and the kaolin are calcined at high temperature and have a micropore structure.
The composite microbial inoculum is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus megaterium; the number of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in the composite microbial agent is more than or equal to 1 hundred million/g, and the number of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus megaterium is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million/g.
The algae growth promoting factor is one or more of amino acid, vitamin, silicate and metasilicate.
The amino acid is one or more of glycine, arginine, leucine, valine, alanine, serine, proline, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, threonine, methionine, tryptophan, histidine, tyrosine, aspartic acid, cysteine and glutamic acid.
A preparation method of a biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of seaweed extract: selecting clean seaweed, cleaning with dilute acid solution with pH of 2-4, mincing, and pulping; adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 5.0-7.5; adding Bacillus subtilis, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain Sargassum extract; preferably, the addition amount of Bacillus subtilis is 5%, alginic acid content in seaweed extract is 10-12%, and pH value is 6.5-7;
step two: preparing fermented organic matters: mixing plant source organic matters such as soybean meal, rapeseed meal, vinasse, bran coat and the like, adding bacillus subtilis, turning over and fermenting for 10-15 days to obtain fermented organic matters; preferably, the mass ratio of the bean pulp to the rapeseed pulp to the vinasse to the bran coat to the bacillus subtilis is 20: 10: 20: 45: 5, the content of organic matters in the fermented organic matters is more than 60 percent, and the water-soluble organic matters account for 20 to 50 percent;
step three: stirring and uniformly mixing: mixing and uniformly stirring 10-15 parts of seaweed extract, 20-30 parts of water-soluble organic matter, 30-40 parts of fermented organic matter, 25-30 parts of micropore protective agent, 3-5 parts of algae growth promoting factor and 3-5 parts of composite microbial inoculum in sequence to obtain the water quality improving microbial inoculum; preferably, the mass ratio of the seaweed extract to the water-soluble organic matter to the fermented organic matter to the micropore protective agent to the algae growth promoting factor to the composite microbial inoculum is 12: 22: 33: 25: 5: 3.
The water quality improving microbial inoculum contains two forms of carbon sources of water-soluble organic matters and fermented organic matters, and the weight ratio of the water-soluble organic matters to the fermented organic matters is preferably 1: 1.5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. culturing algae at low temperature in autumn and winter to inhibit moss germination. The seaweed extract contains various natural plant growth regulators such as seaweed polysaccharide, alginic acid, highly unsaturated fatty acid, carrageenan and the like, and contains about 40 mineral substances of potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, zinc and iodine and abundant vitamins. The activity of a microalgae defense enzyme system can be stimulated, the cold resistance and the stress resistance are enhanced, the activity of the microalgae at low temperature is activated, the absorption of the microalgae to other nutrients is promoted through adsorption and permeation, the chlorophyll content of cells is increased, the photosynthesis is improved, the growth of the microalgae is balanced and regulated, the transparency of a water body is reduced, and the function of shading and inhibiting the germination of moss at the bottom of a pool is achieved.
2. The nutrition circulation is accelerated, and the effect of improving the bottom and purifying the water quality is more durable. The water-soluble organic matter contains micromolecular functional groups, and has high physiological activity and good quick action; the fermented organic carbon has large molecular weight and lasting slow release; the two have synergistic effect, and the beneficial flora activating effect is more durable. The decomposition and conversion of water body nutrients are promoted, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is improved, the poison of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, heavy metal and the like is reduced, the substrate is improved, and the water quality purifying effect is more durable.
3. Activating beneficial flora and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. The calcined microporous material can adsorb ammonia nitrogen, and can also provide a body-building place for adding beneficial compound bacteria, so that the beneficial compound bacteria can be adapted to a water body environment and can be rapidly proliferated to form dominant flora, thereby inhibiting or reducing harmful flora or quantity of vibrio, mould, fungus and the like, reducing drug investment and improving water body quality.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
A biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of seaweed extract
20-30 parts of water-soluble organic matter
30-45 parts of fermented organic matter
25-30 parts of micropore protective agent
3-5 parts of algae growth promoting factor
3-5 parts of a compound microbial inoculum.
The seaweed in the seaweed extract is one or more of gulfweed, kelp, undaria pinnatifida and agar.
The water-soluble organic matter is one or more of amino acid, sugar, biochemical fulvic acid and humic acid.
The micropore protective agent is one or more of oyster shell powder, kaolin and plant ash of a biological power plant, wherein the oyster shell powder and the kaolin are calcined at high temperature and have a micropore structure.
The composite microbial inoculum is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus megaterium; the number of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in the composite microbial agent is more than or equal to 1 hundred million/g, and the number of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus megaterium is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million/g.
The algae growth promoting factor is one or more of amino acid, vitamin, silicate and metasilicate.
The amino acid is one or more of glycine, arginine, leucine, valine, alanine, serine, proline, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, threonine, methionine, tryptophan, histidine, tyrosine, aspartic acid, cysteine and glutamic acid.
The biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of seaweed extract, 22 parts of water-soluble organic matter, 33 parts of fermented organic matter, 25 parts of micropore protective agent, 5 parts of algae growth promoting factor and 3 parts of composite microbial inoculum.
The preparation method of the alginic acid-containing water quality improving microbial inoculum comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting clean seaweed, cleaning with dilute acid solution of pH2-4, mincing, and grinding into slurry; adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 5.0-7.5; adding 5% Bacillus subtilis, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain Sargassum extract;
(2) regulating the water content to 55% by weight, turning over and fermenting for 10-15 days, and crushing by a 2mm sieve to obtain fermented organic matters, wherein 20 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 20 parts of vinasse, 45 parts of bran coat and 5 parts of bacillus subtilis are used;
(3) photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis are mixed according to the weight ratio of 2: 3: 3:2, mixing to obtain a composite microbial inoculum;
(4) according to the weight parts, the algae extract 12 parts, the water-soluble organic matter 22 parts, the fermented organic matter 33 parts, the micropore protective agent 25 parts, the algae growth promoting factor 5 parts and the composite microbial inoculum 3 parts are uniformly mixed to obtain the biological bottom-improving and algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum.
The prepared biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum is used for pond experiments.
< example 1>
The experimental site: sunjiao Toyowu village in Shayan county, Jingmen city, Hubei province
Summary of test ponds: the area of the intensive culture pond is 3 mu, the pond is dug in 2018 in 9 months, the water is filled in 10 middle ten days, the water depth is 1.0m, 90kg of seeds are planted, and the water is about 3600. In late middle and late 11 months, the moss on the bottom germinates and the water body is clear and has a bottom.
The test process comprises the following steps: sampling water quality, and detecting water temperature, transparency, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, dissolved oxygen and microalgae as background data; and then applying 5 kg/mu of water quality modifier, sampling the mixed sample at the same position again in 2018, 12 months and 7 days, detecting various indexes of water quality, and observing changes of moss, water color and the like.
And (3) test results:
TABLE 1 Water quality indices before and after application of the Water quality improving agent
As can be seen from Table 1, the water quality modifier is applied for 5 days, and after 10 days, the transparency of the water body is respectively reduced by 40 percent and 60 percent; the dissolved oxygen is increased by 10.3 percent and 16.8 percent; the quantity of the microalgae is increased by 5.5 times and 7.2 times, wherein the quantity of the diatoms is increased by 6.4 times and 8.5 times; the number of green algae is increased by 3.3 times and 4.2 times; the number of other algae increases 2.9 times and 3.7 times. In addition, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide are reduced to different degrees. The water color changed from transparent to dark brown, and the bottom moss was grey without stickiness.
And (4) test conclusion: the biological bottom-improving and algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum is applied in autumn and winter, the quantity of microalgae, particularly diatom, can be rapidly increased in a low-temperature environment, the dissolved oxygen in a water body is increased, the transparency is reduced, moss spores are inhibited or killed, and the water quality improving effect is remarkable.
< example 2>
The experimental site: ancient village of Ganjie town of Tianmen city of Hubei province
Summary of test ponds: in the test field, the control field is a shrimp rice field, the area is 5 mu, the 3-year old pond is provided with a small amount of moss in the circular ditch; sampling and detecting the test field and the control field at noon of 3 months and 3 days as background data, applying 25kg of water quality improving microbial inoculum to the test field, and applying a certain brand of water modifying microbial inoculum to the control field. And 3.8 days, putting 2-4 cm of juvenile shrimps and 5 ten thousand tails, and taking samples of 3.10 days to respectively detect water temperature, transparency, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, dissolved oxygen, microalgae and other water quality data of a control field and a test field.
And (3) test results:
TABLE 2 Water quality indexes before and after application of the water quality improving agent
As can be seen from Table 2, after the water quality modifier of a certain brand is applied to the control field for 7 days, the transparency is reduced by 16.7 percent, and the dissolved oxygen is increased by 5 percent; the number of microalgae is increased by 18.0%, wherein diatom is increased by 20.4%, green algae is increased by 10.2%, and other algae are increased by 13.4%; the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are increased to some extent, the moss tends to increase, and the death rate of the shrimp larvae is about 25 percent; after the alginic acid-containing water quality improving microbial inoculum is applied to a test field for 7 days, the transparency is reduced by 41.7 percent, and the dissolved oxygen is increased by 25.3 percent; the number of microalgae is increased by 91.1%, wherein the diatom is increased by 100.7%, the green algae is increased by 59.6%, and the other algae are increased by 66.0%; the concentration of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is reduced by 42.8 percent and 28.6 percent, the moss is dead and floating, and the death rate of the shrimp larvae is about 5 percent.
The experiment conclusion is that the biological bottom-improving and algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum of the invention can rapidly improve the quantity of microalgae, particularly diatom, increase the dissolved oxygen of water, reduce the transparency, improve the water quality and improve the survival rate of seedlings in a low-temperature environment.
< example 3>
The experimental site: yonggucun in Shenli county of Hubei province
Summary of test ponds: the shrimp paddy field has the area of 10 mu, 4 years old pond has yellow water color and mud, and dead shrimps are increased. Sampling the shrimp pond in 5 months and 10 days, detecting background data, applying 50kg of water quality modifier in noon, and detecting water quality data again in 5.15 days.
And (3) test results:
TABLE 3 Water quality indexes before and after application of the water quality improving agent
As can be seen from Table 3, the transparency increased by 75% and the dissolved oxygen increased by 65.5% after applying the alginic acid-containing water quality improving microbial inoculum for 5 days; the ammonia nitrogen concentration is reduced by 66.1%, the nitrite concentration is reduced by 50.0%, the hydrogen sulfide is reduced by 63.6%, the microalgae number is increased by 11.9%, wherein the diatom accounts for 15.7%, the green alga accounts for 78.3%, the other algae accounts for 6.0%, and the algae phase is more stable. After the lobster feed is applied, the number of dead shrimps of sick shrimps is continuously reduced, and the lobsters do not climb to the bank and are not fed with grass.
The test conclusion is that the biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum can balance algae phases, reduce harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide, increase dissolved oxygen, reduce diseases and the like.
Claims (9)
1. A biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
10-15 parts of seaweed extract
20-30 parts of water-soluble organic matter
30-45 parts of fermented organic matter
25-30 parts of micropore protective agent
3-5 parts of algae growth promoting factor
3-5 parts of a compound microbial inoculum.
2. The biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the algae in the algae extract is one or more of gulfweed, kelp, undaria pinnatifida and gelidium amansii.
3. The microbial inoculum for improving water quality of biological bottom-improving algae cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble organic matter is one or more of amino acid, sugar, biochemical fulvic acid and humic acid.
4. The microbial inoculum for improving water quality of bottom-cultured algae by biology according to claim 1, characterized in that the micropore protective agent is one or more of oyster shell powder, kaolin and plant ash of a biological power plant, wherein the oyster shell powder and the kaolin are calcined at high temperature and have a micropore structure.
5. The biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum according to claim 1, wherein the compound microbial inoculum is one or more of photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus megaterium; the number of photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in the composite microbial agent is more than or equal to 1 hundred million/g, and the number of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus megaterium is more than or equal to 1000 hundred million/g.
6. The microbial inoculum of claim 1, wherein the algae growth promoting factor is one or more of amino acids, vitamins, silicates and metasilicates.
7. The microbial inoculum of claim 6, wherein the amino acid is one or more of glycine, arginine, leucine, valine, alanine, serine, proline, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, threonine, methionine, tryptophan, histidine, tyrosine, aspartic acid, cysteine, and glutamic acid.
8. The method for preparing the biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of seaweed extract: cleaning Sargassum with dilute acid solution with pH of 2-4, mincing, and pulping; adding alkali to adjust the pH value to 5.0-7.5; adding Bacillus subtilis, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain Sargassum extract; wherein the addition amount of Bacillus subtilis is 5%, alginic acid content in seaweed extract is 10-12%, and pH value is 6.5-7;
step two: preparing fermented organic matters: mixing the plant source organic matters of the bean pulp, the rapeseed dregs, the vinasse and the bran coat, adding bacillus subtilis, turning over and fermenting for 10-15 days to prepare fermented organic matters; wherein the mass ratio of the bean pulp to the rapeseed pulp to the vinasse to the bran coat to the bacillus subtilis is 20: 10: 20: 45: 5, and the content of organic matters in the fermented organic matters is more than 60 percent;
step three: stirring and uniformly mixing: 10-15 parts of seaweed extract, 20-30 parts of water-soluble organic matter, 30-40 parts of fermented organic matter, 25-30 parts of micropore protective agent, 3-5 parts of algae growth promoting factor and 3-5 parts of composite microbial inoculum are stirred uniformly in sequence to obtain the water quality improving microbial inoculum.
9. The method for preparing a biological bottom-improving algae-culturing water quality improving microbial inoculum according to claim 8, wherein the mass ratio of the algae extract, the water-soluble organic matter, the fermented organic matter, the micropore protective agent, the algae growth promoting factor and the composite microbial inoculum is 12: 22: 33: 25: 5: 3.
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Application publication date: 20200522 |