CN111138232A - Special soil improvement material for cherry planting field and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special soil improvement material for cherry planting field and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of cherry planting, wherein the soil improvement material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of activated modified biological carbon, 40-60 parts of bentonite, 30-50 parts of humic acid, 20-30 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, 5-8 parts of biological microbial inoculum, 2-4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of basic copper sulfate, 1-4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-3 parts of boric acid, 2-5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2-3 parts of probiotics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cherry planting, in particular to a special soil improvement material for a cherry planting field and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cherry, which is a generic term for certain Prunus species, includes the subgenus Prunus, Acrolegnia, Prunus guichenensis, etc. Arbor, 2-6 m high, and grey bark. Branches are grayish brown, and the twigs are green and have no hair or are thinned and molted. Winter buds are oval and hairless. The fruit can be eaten as a fruit, has bright appearance color, is glittering and translucent and beautiful, is red like agate and yellow like condensed fat, and is rich in sugar, protein, vitamins and various elements such as calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium and the like.
The cherry is suitable for being planted on soil with deep soil layer, good land structure, good drainage and pH6.0-7.5. The cherry root system requires higher oxygen, and if soil drainage is not smooth, normal respiration of the root system can be affected, root rot, gummosis and other phenomena can be caused, and the tree body can be seriously dead. In addition, cherries are fond of neutral and acid soil, and the growth of large cherries is influenced by peracid and excessive alkali. At present, due to the fact that the income of cherry planting is high, farmers plant the cherries in saline-alkali soil, sloping fields and low-lying fields blindly, a large number of harmful strains are contained in the land, cherry growth is not facilitated, and phenomena of root death, root rot and the like of cherry gardens are serious. However, some soil improvement materials have appeared in the prior art, but the soil improvement effect is hardly satisfactory, and the survival rate and yield of cherries are desired to be improved.
Based on the above, the invention designs a soil improvement material special for cherry planting fields and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soil improvement material special for cherry planting fields and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the soil improvement material special for the cherry planting field comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of activated modified biological carbon, 40-60 parts of bentonite, 30-50 parts of humic acid, 20-30 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, 5-8 parts of biological bactericide, 2-4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of basic copper sulfate, 1-4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-3 parts of boric acid, 2-5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2-3 parts of probiotics.
The soil improvement material special for cherry planting fields is characterized in that the raw material of the activated and modified biochar is at least one of straw, seed shell and animal excrement.
The invention relates to a special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields, and further discloses a biological agent which is a mixture of silicate bacteria, bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum, wherein the weight ratio of the silicate bacteria to the bacillus to the aspergillus oryzae is 2: 1: 1: 2.
the invention relates to the special soil improvement material for cherry planting field, further, the probiotics is a mixture of azotobacter, lactobacillus and yeast, and the weight ratio of the azotobacter, the lactobacillus and the yeast is 1: 1: 1.
the invention also provides a preparation method of the special soil improvement material for the cherry planting field, which comprises the following steps:
(1) placing a biochar raw material at 500 ℃ for thermal cracking to obtain solid residues, then adding the solid residues into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 5 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, placing the filter cake in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace, roasting at 500-700 ℃ for 3 hours, washing with deionized water and dilute hydrochloric acid after roasting to remove inorganic salt soluble inorganic salts of K, Ca, Na and Mg, filtering and drying to obtain activated modified biochar;
(2) respectively placing the activated modified biological carbon, the bentonite and the humic acid into a ball mill for grinding, sieving after grinding, and pouring into a mixer for uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixture;
(3) pulverizing decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, dividing into two parts, adding biological agent into one part, adding probiotic bacteria into the other part, fermenting for 8-12 days, drying, and mixing to obtain fermented product;
(4) and adding the fermentation product, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, basic copper sulfate, magnesium sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate and calcium superphosphate into the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the soil improvement material.
The preparation method of the special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields, provided by the invention, further comprises the step of enabling the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution to be 2 mol/L.
The preparation method of the special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields further comprises the step (2) of sieving the cherry planting fields to obtain a sieve with 60-120 meshes.
The preparation method of the special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields further comprises the following steps of (3) mixing two decomposed Chinese herbal medicines in a mass ratio of 3: 2.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the biochar has a high aromatic hydrocarbon structure, is loose and porous, has a large specific surface area, contains multiple functional groups containing oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and the like on the surface, has good adsorption energy, and can provide a microenvironment for soil microorganisms; the biochar contains silicate, carbonate, bicarbonate and a plurality of functional groups with negative charges and can adsorb and combine H in soil solution+So that H in the soil+The concentration is reduced, the pH value is increased, and the cherry growth regulator is suitable for cherry growth; the biochar can not only increase the content of N, P, K and other major elements, but also increase the content of micronutrients, the nutrients of the biochar change the physicochemical properties of soil, increase the effectiveness of soil nutrients, provide nutrients required by the growth of soil microorganisms, promote the growth and the propagation of the soil microorganisms, improve the fertilizer retention performance of the soil and improve the soil fertility;
the function of the sodium hydroxide in the activation modification process of the biochar is as follows: the carbonization activation energy is reduced, the generation of tar is inhibited, and the carbon yield is improved; the method has good etching effect on the biochar raw material, thereby being beneficial to the generation of a porous structure and the removal of inorganic salt containing silicon;
the bentonite has the advantages that the bentonite has strong hygroscopicity and expansibility, can adsorb organic matters, soil moisture and metal ions by three adsorption modes of physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and ion exchange adsorption, can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties and microbial activity of soil, reduces the loss of soil nutrients, improves the soil fertility and promotes the growth of crops, and the main chemical components of the bentonite are silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and water, and also contains elements such as iron, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium and the like;
the decomposed Chinese herbal medicines not only provide rich nutrient substances for the soil, but also kill germs in the soil by utilizing the bactericidal action of the Chinese herbal medicines, thereby improving the disease resistance of the cherries;
the biological agent can rapidly grow on the root circumference and the leaf circumference of the plant, and prevents pathogenic fungi from contacting the root system and the leaf surface of the plant under the competitive action, so as to protect the healthy growth of the plant;
the probiotics can promote the decomposition of organic matters in soil, improve the soil components, improve the absorptivity of cherries and further improve the yield of the cherries;
by adding zinc sulfate and ammonium molybdate, the content of soluble sugar in cherry fruits can be improved, and the yield of cherries can be improved;
the invention improves the soil environment for planting the cherries by utilizing the mutual matching and mutual promotion of all the components, effectively improves the survival rate and the yield of the cherries, and obtains the total effect far higher than the simple sum of the effects obtained by the single components.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
(1) putting the seed shell at 500 ℃ for thermal cracking to obtain solid residues, adding the solid residues into 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 5 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, putting the filter cake in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace, roasting at 500 ℃ for 3 hours, washing with deionized water and dilute hydrochloric acid after roasting, filtering and drying to obtain activated modified biochar;
(2) respectively placing 50 parts of activated modified biochar, 40 parts of bentonite and 30 parts of humic acid into a ball mill for grinding, sieving by a 60-mesh sieve after grinding, and pouring into a mixer for uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixture;
(3) crushing 30 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, dividing the crushed Chinese herbal medicines into two parts (the mass ratio is 3: 2), adding 6 parts of biological agent into more decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the biological agent is a mixture of silicate bacteria, bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum, and the weight ratio of the biological agent to the biological agent is 2: 1: 1: 2; adding 3 parts of probiotics into less decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the probiotics is a mixture of azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes, and the weight ratio of the probiotics to the saccharomycetes is 1: 1: 1; after fermenting for 8 days, drying and uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation product;
(4) and adding the fermentation product, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of basic copper sulfate, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of boric acid, 5 parts of ammonium molybdate and 3 parts of calcium superphosphate into the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the soil improvement material.
Example 2:
(1) placing animal wastes at 500 ℃ for thermal cracking to obtain solid residues, adding the solid residues into a 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 5 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, placing the filter cake in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace, roasting at 600 ℃ for 3 hours, washing with deionized water and dilute hydrochloric acid after roasting, filtering and drying to obtain activated modified biochar;
(2) respectively putting 80 parts of activated modified biochar, 60 parts of bentonite and 50 parts of humic acid into a ball mill for grinding, sieving by a 120-mesh sieve after grinding, pouring into a mixer, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixture;
(3) crushing 20 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, dividing the crushed Chinese herbal medicines into two parts (the mass ratio is 3: 2), adding 8 parts of biological microbial inoculum into more one part of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the biological microbial inoculum is a mixture of silicate bacteria, bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum, and the weight ratio of the biological microbial inoculum is 2: 1: 1: 2; adding 2 parts of probiotics into a small part of decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, wherein the probiotics is a mixture of azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria and yeast, and the weight ratio of the probiotics to the yeast is 1: 1: 1; after fermenting for 12 days, drying and uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation product;
(4) and adding the fermentation product, 4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of basic copper sulfate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of calcium superphosphate into the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the soil improvement material.
Example 3:
(1) putting straws at 500 ℃ for thermal cracking to obtain solid residues, adding the solid residues into 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 5 hours, filtering to obtain filter cakes, putting the filter cakes in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace, roasting at 700 ℃ for 3 hours, washing with deionized water and dilute hydrochloric acid after roasting, filtering and drying to obtain activated modified biochar;
(2) respectively putting 70 parts of activated modified biochar, 50 parts of bentonite and 40 parts of humic acid into a ball mill for grinding, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve after grinding, pouring into a mixer, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixture;
(3) crushing 14 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, dividing the crushed Chinese herbal medicines into two parts (the mass ratio is 3: 2), adding 5 parts of biological agent into more one part of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the biological agent is a mixture of silicate bacteria, bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum, and the weight ratio of the biological agent to the mixture is 2: 1: 1: 2; adding 2 parts of probiotics into a small part of decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, wherein the probiotics is a mixture of azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria and yeast, and the weight ratio of the probiotics to the yeast is 1: 1: 1; after fermenting for 10 days, drying and uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation product;
(4) and adding the fermentation product, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of basic copper sulfate, 4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ammonium molybdate and 1 part of calcium superphosphate into the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the soil improvement material.
Example 4:
(1) placing animal wastes at 500 ℃ for thermal cracking to obtain solid residues, adding the solid residues into a 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 5 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, placing the filter cake in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace, roasting at 550 ℃ for 3 hours, washing with deionized water and dilute hydrochloric acid after roasting, filtering and drying to obtain activated modified biochar;
(2) respectively putting 60 parts of activated modified biochar, 45 parts of bentonite and 45 parts of humic acid into a ball mill for grinding, sieving by a 110-mesh sieve after grinding, pouring into a mixer, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixture;
(3) crushing 16 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, dividing the crushed Chinese herbal medicines into two parts (the mass ratio is 3: 2), adding 7 parts of biological microbial inoculum into more one part of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the biological microbial inoculum is a mixture of silicate bacteria, bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum, and the weight ratio of the biological microbial inoculum is 2: 1: 1: 2; adding 3 parts of probiotics into less decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the probiotics is a mixture of azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes, and the weight ratio of the probiotics to the saccharomycetes is 1: 1: 1; drying after fermenting for 11 days, and uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation product;
(4) and adding the fermentation product, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of basic copper sulfate, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of boric acid, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of calcium superphosphate into the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the soil improvement material.
Example 5:
(1) putting the seed shell at 500 ℃ for thermal cracking to obtain solid residues, adding the solid residues into 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 5 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, putting the filter cake in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace, roasting at 650 ℃ for 3 hours, washing with deionized water and dilute hydrochloric acid after roasting, filtering and drying to obtain activated modified biochar;
(2) respectively putting 65 parts of activated modified biochar, 55 parts of bentonite and 35 parts of humic acid into a ball mill for grinding, sieving by a 70-mesh sieve after grinding, pouring into a mixer, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixture;
(3) crushing 18 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, dividing the crushed Chinese herbal medicine into two parts (the mass ratio is 3: 2), adding 6 parts of biological agent into more decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, wherein the biological agent is a mixture of silicate bacteria, bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum, and the weight ratio of the biological agent to the biological agent is 2: 1: 1: 2; adding 2 parts of probiotics into a small part of decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, wherein the probiotics is a mixture of azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria and yeast, and the weight ratio of the probiotics to the yeast is 1: 1: 1; after fermenting for 9 days, drying and uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation product;
(4) and adding the fermentation product, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of basic copper sulfate, 2 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ammonium molybdate and 3 parts of calcium superphosphate into the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the soil improvement material.
Example 6:
(1) putting straws at 500 ℃ for thermal cracking to obtain solid residues, adding the solid residues into 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 5 hours, filtering to obtain filter cakes, putting the filter cakes in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace, roasting at 580 ℃ for 3 hours, washing with deionized water and dilute hydrochloric acid after roasting, filtering and drying to obtain activated modified biochar;
(2) respectively putting 75 parts of activated modified biochar, 58 parts of bentonite and 43 parts of humic acid into a ball mill for grinding, sieving by a 90-mesh sieve after grinding, pouring into a mixer, and uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixture;
(3) crushing 13 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, dividing the crushed Chinese herbal medicines into two parts (the mass ratio is 3: 2), adding 7 parts of biological microbial inoculum into more one part of decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the biological microbial inoculum is a mixture of silicate bacteria, bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum, and the weight ratio of the biological microbial inoculum is 2: 1: 1: 2; adding 3 parts of probiotics into less decomposed Chinese herbal medicines, wherein the probiotics is a mixture of azotobacter, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes, and the weight ratio of the probiotics to the saccharomycetes is 1: 1: 1; after fermenting for 10 days, drying and uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation product;
(4) and adding the fermentation product, 4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 1 part of basic copper sulfate, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3 parts of boric acid, 3 parts of ammonium molybdate and 1 part of calcium superphosphate into the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the soil improvement material.
Comparative example 1: this example differs from example 1 in that: activated modified biochar was not added, and the activated modified biochar was replaced with an equal amount of bentonite, and other raw material components and preparation steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2: this example differs from example 2 in that: the biological agent is not added, and other raw material components and preparation steps are the same as those of example 2.
Comparative example 3: this example differs from example 3 in that: the probiotic bacteria were not added, the other raw material components and the preparation procedure were the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 4: this example differs from example 4 in that: the zinc sulfate and ammonium molybdate were not added, and the other raw material components and the preparation steps were the same as in example 4.
Dividing the land of the orchard into eleven areas, each area being one mu, respectively treating ten areas with the soil improvement materials prepared in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-4, making a blank group in the last area, turning the soil of each area, uniformly scattering 80kg of the soil per mu, turning the soil once again, planting cherries in each area, keeping the same planting intervals, and recording the survival rate of the cherries and the average yield after maturation to obtain the table 1.
Table 1:
| experimental group | Survival rate (%) | Average yield (kg/mu) |
| Example 1 | 97 | 1249 |
| Example 2 | 95 | 1283 |
| Example 3 | 98 | 1221 |
| Example 4 | 97 | 1267 |
| Example 5 | 96 | 1320 |
| Example 6 | 98 | 1254 |
| Comparative example 1 | 95 | 1089 |
| Comparative example 2 | 88 | 967 |
| Comparative example 3 | 86 | 985 |
| Comparative example 4 | 96 | 1036 |
| Blank group | 73 | 761 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the soil improvement material provided by the invention has the advantages that the survival rate and the yield of cherries are greatly improved after the soil is treated, and the economic benefit is better.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of activated modified biological carbon, 40-60 parts of bentonite, 30-50 parts of humic acid, 20-30 parts of decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, 5-8 parts of biological bactericide, 2-4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3-5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-2 parts of basic copper sulfate, 1-4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2-3 parts of boric acid, 2-5 parts of ammonium molybdate, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and 2-3 parts of probiotics.
2. The soil improvement material special for cherry planting fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the raw material of the activated and modified biological carbon is at least one of straw, seed shell and animal manure.
3. The soil improvement material special for cherry planting fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the biological agent is a mixture of silicate bacteria, bacillus, aspergillus oryzae and trichoderma harzianum, and the weight ratio of the silicate bacteria to the aspergillus oryzae is 2: 1: 1: 2.
4. the soil improvement material special for cherry planting fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the probiotics is a mixture of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and yeast, and the weight ratio of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria to the lactic acid bacteria to the yeast is 1: 1: 1.
5. the preparation method of the soil improvement material special for cherry planting fields according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) placing a biochar raw material at 500 ℃ for thermal cracking to obtain solid residues, then adding the solid residues into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 5 hours, filtering to obtain a filter cake, placing the filter cake in a nitrogen atmosphere furnace, roasting at 500-700 ℃ for 3 hours, washing with deionized water and dilute hydrochloric acid after roasting, filtering and drying to obtain activated modified biochar;
(2) respectively placing the activated modified biological carbon, the bentonite and the humic acid into a ball mill for grinding, sieving after grinding, and pouring into a mixer for uniformly stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixture;
(3) pulverizing decomposed Chinese herbal medicine, dividing into two parts, adding biological agent into one part, adding probiotic bacteria into the other part, fermenting for 8-12 days, drying, and mixing to obtain fermented product;
(4) and adding the fermentation product, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, basic copper sulfate, magnesium sulfate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate and calcium superphosphate into the mixture, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the soil improvement material.
6. The preparation method of the special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2 mol/L.
7. The preparation method of the special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mesh number of the screen in the screening in the step (2) is 60-120 meshes.
8. The preparation method of the special soil improvement material for cherry planting fields as claimed in claim 5, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the mass ratio of the two decomposed Chinese herbal medicines in the step (3) is 3: 2.
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