CN111129597A - 电解液和锂离子电池 - Google Patents
电解液和锂离子电池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111129597A CN111129597A CN201911372625.XA CN201911372625A CN111129597A CN 111129597 A CN111129597 A CN 111129597A CN 201911372625 A CN201911372625 A CN 201911372625A CN 111129597 A CN111129597 A CN 111129597A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- lithium
- group
- lithium salt
- lithium ion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- -1 oxime hydrazone compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052783 alkali metal Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVXQYMZVJNYDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methylsulfonyl-trifluoromethane Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[C-](S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QVXQYMZVJNYDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910012820 LiCoO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003544 oxime group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 1
- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003469 3-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005917 3-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910008365 Li-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008410 Li-Sn-O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010710 LiFePO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910015645 LiMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910006759 Li—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006763 Li—Sn—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910010248 TiO2—Li4Ti5O12 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEWLDLAARDMXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl sulfate;hydron Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC=C VEWLDLAARDMXSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052730 francium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KLMCZVJOEAUDNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N francium atom Chemical compound [Fr] KLMCZVJOEAUDNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005597 hydrazone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004491 isohexyl group Chemical group C(CCC(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001196 nonadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003884 phenylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- GULVDPYLWVXKGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoxalin-2-ylhydrazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(NN)=CN=C21 GULVDPYLWVXKGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021384 soft carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电池技术领域,尤其是涉及一种电解液和锂离子电池。
背景技术
锂离子电池的高能量密度、长循环寿命、宽工作温度范围及绿色环保已使得其成为目前移动电子设备的主要能源。随着锂离子电池的广泛应用,对其环境适应性提出了较高的要求,现在的电子产品有时候需要在极端条件下使用,如温度很高或者很低的环境,一般地相对于常规环境而言,锂离子电池在极端条件使用时性能会恶化的非常明显。
电解液作为锂离子电池的重要组成部分,对电池的高低温性能有着重大的影响。然而一般情况下,从电解液的角度改善锂离子电池的高温性能和低温性能存在矛盾。一方面,通过加入成膜添加剂钝化正负极界面可改善高温性能,但由于同时增加了正负极界面阻抗,使得锂离子电池的低温性能严重恶化。另一方面,优化溶剂组成,使电解液低温下的粘度降低,电导率提高,如通过添加大量低粘度溶剂,可以提高锂离子电池的低温性能,但是电池的高温性能通常会变差,不能最终解决锂离子电池在应用中的问题。
因此,现在亟需提供一种电解液,能够改善锂离子电池的高温循环性能和低温充电过程中的析锂情况。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此,本发明提出一种电解液和锂离子电池,该电解液可应用于制备锂离子电池,其能够在负极形成SEI膜,且所形成的SEI膜阻抗低,可改善电池的循环性能和低温充电性能。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
本发明的第一方面,提供一种电解液,包括电解质锂盐、有机溶剂和添加剂,所述添加剂包含肟腙类化合物;所述肟腙类化合物的结构式为:其中,X、Y、Z各自独立地选自C1~20的烷基或C6~26的芳基,R选自氢或碱金属。
以上肟腙类化合物的结构式中,X、Y和Z可以相互不同,也可彼此相同。
当X、Y和Z各自独立地选自C1~20的烷基时,烷基的具体种类并不受到具体的限制,可根据实际需求进行选择,例如链状烷基和环状烷基均可,其中链状烷基又包括直链烷基和支链烷基,另外,环状烷基上可以有取代基,也可以不含取代基。在烷基中,烷基中碳原子数的下限值优选为1、3、5,烷基中碳原子数的上限值优选为3、4、5、6、7、8、10、12、16。
具体地,C1~20的烷基可为甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、环丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、环丁基、正戊基、异戊基、叔戊基、新戊基、环戊基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、正己基、异己基、2-己基、3-己基、环己基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、3,3-二甲基丁基、正庚基、2-庚基、3-庚基、2-甲基己基、3-甲基己基、4-甲基己基、异庚基、环庚基、正辛基、环辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷烃基、十二烷烃基、十三烷烃基、十四烷烃基、十五烷烃基、十六烷烃基、十七烷烃基、十八烷烃基、十九烷烃基或二十烷烃基。
当X、Y和Z各自独立地选自C6~26的芳基时,芳基的具体种类没有特别的限制,可根据实际需求进行选择,例如:苯基、苯烷基、至少含有一个苯基的芳基,至少含有一个苯基的芳基可为联苯基或稠环芳烃基,在联苯基和稠环芳烃基上还可以连接有其他取代基团,芳基中碳原子数的上限值优选为7、8、9、10、12、14、16、18、20、22,芳基中碳原子数的下限值优选为6、7、8、9。
具体地,C6~26的芳基具体可为苯基、苄基、联苯基、对甲苯基、邻甲苯基、间甲苯基、对乙苯基、间乙苯基、邻乙苯基、3,5-二甲苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、3,5-二乙基苯基、2,6-二乙基苯基、3,5-二异丙苯基、2,6-二异丙苯基、3,5-二正丙苯基、2,6-二正丙苯基、3,5-二正丁苯基、2,6-二正丁苯基、3,5-二异丁苯基、2,6-二异丁苯基、3,5-二叔丁苯基、2,6-二叔丁苯基、三苯甲基、1-萘基或2-萘基。
根据本发明的一些实施例,X、Y、Z各自独立地选自C1~10的烷基或C6~16的芳基。
根据本发明的一些实施例,X、Y、Z各自独立地选自C1~6的链状烷基、C3~8的环状烷基或C6~9的芳基。
当R选自碱金属时,碱金属具体可为锂(Li)、钠(Na)、钾(K)、铷(Rb)、铯(Cs)、钫(Fr)中的任一种。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述添加剂在所述电解液中的质量百分含量为0.5%~10%。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述电解质锂盐为有机锂盐或无极锂盐。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述电解质锂盐选自含氟元素或锂元素的锂盐。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述电解质锂盐可选自六氟磷酸锂、六氟砷酸锂、高氯酸锂、三氟磺酰锂、二氟(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺锂、双(氟磺酰)亚胺锂、三(三氟甲基磺酰)甲基锂中的至少一种。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述电解质锂盐在所述电解液中的浓度为0.5~2mol/L。电解质锂盐浓度过低,电解液的电导率低,会影响整个电池体系的倍率和循环性能;电解质锂盐的浓度过高,电解液粘度过大,同样影响整个电池体系的倍率。优选地,所述电解质锂盐在所述电解液中的浓度为0.9~1.3mol/L。
根据本发明的一些实施例,所述有机溶剂为有机复合溶剂,具体可选自碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸丙烯酯(PC)、碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)、碳酸甲乙酯(EMC)、甲酸甲酯、甲酸乙酯、丙酸乙酯、丙酸丙酯(PP)、丁酸甲酯、四氢呋喃中的至少两种。
本发明的第二方面,提供一种锂离子电池,包括本发明第一方面所提供的任一种电解液。具体地,锂离子电池包括正极片、负极片、设置于正极片和负极片之间的隔膜,以及电解液。
正极片包括正极集流体和位于正极集流体上的正极活性材料层。正极活性材料层的材料一般包括正极活性物质、导电剂和粘结剂;正极活性物质可选自钴酸锂(LiCoO2)、锂镍锰钴三元材料、磷酸亚铁锂(LiFePO4)、锰酸锂(LiMn2O4)中的至少一种。
负极片包括负极集流体和设于负极集流体上的负极活性材料层。负极活性材料层的材料一般包括负极活性物质、导电剂和粘结剂,负极活性物质可选自天然石墨、人造石墨、中间相微碳球(简称为MCMB)、硬碳、软碳、硅、硅-碳复合物、Li-Sn合金、Li-Sn-O合金、Sn、SnO、SnO2、尖晶石结构的锂化TiO2-Li4Ti5O12、Li-Al合金中的至少一种。
本发明实施例的有益效果是:
本发明实施例提供了一种电解液,其中包含添加剂肟腙类化合物,肟腙类化合物的添加可在电池的负极表面形成SEI膜,且该SEI膜的阻抗较低,可明显改善锂离子电池的循环性能和低温充电性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚的说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图做简单说明。
图1是电池C13#C15#和C17#的交流阻抗测试结果图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述,以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然,所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,基于本发明的实施例,本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例,均属于本发明保护的范围。
(一)电解液的制备
将碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)和碳酸丙烯脂(PC)按照质量比为1:1:1的比例进行混合,混合均匀作为有机溶剂。然后加入不同的添加剂(具体按照表1和表2),混合均匀后,加入六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6),按1.1mol/L的锂盐浓度计算所需的六氟磷酸锂质量,搅拌均匀,得到电解液L1#~L19#,在常温下密封储存待用。表1和表2中给出了添加剂的各组分在电解液中的质量百分数;其中,VC为碳酸亚乙烯酯,DTD为硫酸乙烯酯,PS为1,3-丙磺酸内酯;醌肟腙锂盐通过醌肟腙与金属锂发生氢取代而得,其结构式为:
表1各对比例和实施例电解液中添加剂及其含量
表2各对比例和实施例电解液中添加剂及其含量
(二)锂离子电池的制备
(1)正极片的制备:将正极活性物质钴酸锂(LiCoO2)、导电剂碳纳米管(CNT)、粘合剂聚偏二氟乙烯(简写为PVDF)按照重量比为97:1.5:1.5在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(简写为NMP)溶剂中充分搅拌混合,使其形成均匀的正极浆料;将此浆料涂覆于正极集流体Al箔上,烘干、冷压,得到正极片。
(2)负极片的制备:将负极活性物质石墨、导电剂乙炔黑、粘结剂丁苯橡胶(SBR)和增稠剂羧甲基纤维素钠盐(CMC)和按照重量比95:2:2:1在适量的去离子水溶剂中充分搅拌混合,使其形成均匀的负极浆料;将此浆料涂覆于负极集流体Cu箔上,烘干、冷压,得到负极片。
(3)装配:将正极片、隔膜(PE多孔聚合物薄膜)和负极片按顺序叠好,隔膜设于正极片和负极片之间起到隔离作用,然后卷绕形成裸电芯,然后将裸电芯至于外包装袋内,分别将以上制备好的电解液L1#~L19#注入干燥后的电池中,而后抽真空封装、静置、化成、整形等工序,对应制得锂离子电池C1#~C19#。
具体采用以上方法及以上各对比例和实施例电解液对应制得的锂离子电池C1#~C19#除添加剂不同外,其它方面没有差别。
(三)电池的循环性能和低温充电性能测试
分别对以上所制得的锂离子电池C1#~C9#进行循环性能测试,对锂离子电池C10#~C19#进行低温充电性能测试。
循环性能的具体测试方法为:在45±2℃搁置2h后按照标准充放电循环,循环倍率1C,充电电压3.0~4.4V,按照以下公式计算循环后电池的容量保持率:
第n次循环容量保持率(%)=(第n次循环放电容量)/(首次循环放电容量)*100%;
低温充电性能的具体测试方法为:将分容完的电芯在0℃低温箱中搁置4h,按照0.5C充放10周后,解剖电池,观察电池负极析锂情况。
通过以上方法进行电池循环性能和低温充电性能测试,所得结果如表3和表4所示。
表3电池的循环性能测试结果
表4电池的低温充电性能测试结果
结合表1~4可知,对比例电池C1#和对比例电池C10#的电解液中未添加添加剂,电池的循环性能和低温充电性能不佳;而相比于对比例电池C1#和对比例电池C10#,对比例电池C3#~C5#和对比例电池C13#~C15#的电解液中加入肟类化合物和腙类化合物,电池性能有部分改善;通过分别对比对比电池C5#和实施例电池C7#,以及对比电池C15#和实施例电池C17#可知,电池电解液中添加剂肟腙类化合物比单独添加含肟基化合物或含腙基化合物,性能有更明显的改善,可能因为肟腙类化合物的添加在负极上形成更稳定,阻抗更低的SEI膜。
具体地,对电池C17#、C13#和C15#进行交流阻抗(EIS)测试,测试频率范围为100MHz-100kHz,电压信号幅值10mV,所得结果如图1所示。由图1可知,相比于电池C13#的电解液中单独添加含肟基化合物,以及电池C15#的添加液中添加含肟基化合物和含腙基化合物,电池C17#的电解液中添加剂肟腙类化合物,阻抗更低。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的电解液,其特征在于,X、Y、Z各自独立地选自C1~10的烷基或C6~16的芳基。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电解液,其特征在于,X、Y、Z各自独立地选自C1~6的链状烷基、C3~8的环状烷基或C6~9的芳基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电解液,其特征在于,所述添加剂在所述电解液中的质量百分含量为0.5%~10%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电解液,其特征在于,所述电解质锂盐为有机锂盐或无机锂盐。
6.根据权利要求5所述的电解液,其特征在于,所述电解质锂盐选自含氟元素或锂元素的锂盐。
7.根据权利要求6所述的电解液,其特征在于,所述电解质锂盐选自六氟磷酸锂、六氟砷酸锂、高氯酸锂、三氟磺酰锂、二氟(三氟甲基磺酰)亚胺锂、双(氟磺酰)亚胺锂、三(三氟甲基磺酰)甲基锂中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求5所述的电解液,其特征在于,所述电解质锂盐在所述电解液中的浓度为0.5~2mol/L。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电解液,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂选自碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸丙烯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸甲乙酯、甲酸甲酯、甲酸乙酯、丙酸乙酯、丙酸丙酯、丁酸甲酯、四氢呋喃中的至少两种。
10.一种锂离子电池,其特征在于,包括正极片、负极片、设置于正极片和负极片之间的隔膜,以及权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电解液。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911372625.XA CN111129597A (zh) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | 电解液和锂离子电池 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911372625.XA CN111129597A (zh) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | 电解液和锂离子电池 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111129597A true CN111129597A (zh) | 2020-05-08 |
Family
ID=70503672
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911372625.XA Pending CN111129597A (zh) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | 电解液和锂离子电池 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111129597A (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111244547A (zh) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-05 | 四川虹微技术有限公司 | 一种含芳香肟类添加剂的电解液及其制备方法和用途 |
CN113764730A (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2021-12-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池电解液和锂离子电池 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0878022A (ja) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解液電池 |
JPH0973918A (ja) * | 1995-09-05 | 1997-03-18 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | 電池用非水電解液 |
CN1380715A (zh) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-11-20 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | 锂二次电池的无水电解液及包含该电解液的锂二次电池 |
JP2011144245A (ja) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-28 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 多孔膜用スラリー及び二次電池 |
CN102222798A (zh) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-19 | 夏普株式会社 | 非水系二次电池及其阻燃剂 |
CN109301329A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-02-01 | 厦门大学 | 二肟类衍生物在制备锂离子电池电解液中的应用 |
CN110504484A (zh) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-26 | 河南电池研究院有限公司 | 一种凝胶态电解质膜的制备方法及其应用 |
-
2019
- 2019-12-27 CN CN201911372625.XA patent/CN111129597A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0878022A (ja) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-22 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解液電池 |
JPH0973918A (ja) * | 1995-09-05 | 1997-03-18 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | 電池用非水電解液 |
CN1380715A (zh) * | 2001-04-09 | 2002-11-20 | 三星Sdi株式会社 | 锂二次电池的无水电解液及包含该电解液的锂二次电池 |
JP2011144245A (ja) * | 2010-01-13 | 2011-07-28 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | 多孔膜用スラリー及び二次電池 |
CN102222798A (zh) * | 2010-04-19 | 2011-10-19 | 夏普株式会社 | 非水系二次电池及其阻燃剂 |
CN109301329A (zh) * | 2018-10-08 | 2019-02-01 | 厦门大学 | 二肟类衍生物在制备锂离子电池电解液中的应用 |
CN110504484A (zh) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-26 | 河南电池研究院有限公司 | 一种凝胶态电解质膜的制备方法及其应用 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
徐东超: ""(S)-N-(2-苄氧基—丙烯基)-肼基甲酸叔丁酯的合成与表征"", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(硕士) 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111244547A (zh) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-05 | 四川虹微技术有限公司 | 一种含芳香肟类添加剂的电解液及其制备方法和用途 |
CN113764730A (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2021-12-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池电解液和锂离子电池 |
CN113764730B (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2023-11-14 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 锂离子电池电解液和锂离子电池 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN108123172B (zh) | 电解液及二次锂电池 | |
CN107293781B (zh) | 电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN109728340B (zh) | 锂离子电池 | |
CN111883839B (zh) | 高压电解液及基于其的锂离子电池 | |
CN107293782B (zh) | 非水电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN110752406B (zh) | 电解液及其应用 | |
CN111276745B (zh) | 一种锂硫电池电解液及其应用、锂硫电池 | |
CN108987802B (zh) | 一种高电压锂离子电池非水电解液 | |
CN109390629B (zh) | 一种电解液以及电池 | |
CN116505075A (zh) | 一种非水电解液及其锂离子电池 | |
CN111129597A (zh) | 电解液和锂离子电池 | |
CN113471533A (zh) | 一种硅碳负极锂离子电池的电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN111106386A (zh) | 一种电解液和锂离子电池 | |
CN112713307A (zh) | 高电压非水电解液及基于其的锂离子电池 | |
CN112072179A (zh) | 电解液及锂离子电池和车辆 | |
CN112086684A (zh) | 含铯高电压锂离子电池电解液复合添加剂、电解液及其电池 | |
CN116454384A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池电解液及其锂离子电池 | |
CN113948775B (zh) | 一种电解液及包括该电解液的电池 | |
CN109873201B (zh) | 一种非水电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN113140798B (zh) | 一种电解液及其应用 | |
CN114883648A (zh) | 一种锂离子电池非水电解液和锂离子电池 | |
CN111342133B (zh) | 一种新型锂离子电池用非水电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN113451650A (zh) | 一种锂电池用电解液及锂离子电池 | |
CN110994024B (zh) | 电解液添加剂、电解液和锂离子电池 | |
CN116207347A (zh) | 一种锂离子二次电池用电解液以及该锂离子二次电池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200508 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |