CN111119978A - Method for extracting coal seam gas by drilling holes in bedding and hydraulically cutting seams - Google Patents
Method for extracting coal seam gas by drilling holes in bedding and hydraulically cutting seams Download PDFInfo
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- CN111119978A CN111119978A CN201911229342.XA CN201911229342A CN111119978A CN 111119978 A CN111119978 A CN 111119978A CN 201911229342 A CN201911229342 A CN 201911229342A CN 111119978 A CN111119978 A CN 111119978A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/261—Separate steps of (1) cementing, plugging or consolidating and (2) fracturing or attacking the formation
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Abstract
The application discloses a bedding drilling hydraulic slotting coal seam gas extraction method, which relates to the technical field of coal seam gas extraction, wherein a stable reinforcing layer is formed on the wall surface of a coal side by grouting the wall surface of the coal side, extraction holes for extracting gas are arranged on the reinforcing layer, a bedding long drilling hole is constructed in the coal seam along the direction of the coal seam through the extraction holes, then slotting is carried out in the coal seam through the long drilling hole, and finally an extraction pipe is inserted into the drilling hole, so that the aim of drilling and slotting the bedding hole and extracting gas in the stoping process is fulfilled. Meanwhile, the hole sealing is performed to extract gas, and due to the reinforcing effect of the grouting layer, the forming rate of the drilled hole is improved, and the hole sealing difficulty is reduced.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam gas extraction, in particular to a method for extracting gas by grouting and reinforcing coal sides and then performing bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting.
[ background of the invention ]
In the process of deep coal mining, gas gushes out to bring about important mine disasters. According to incomplete statistics, most mining areas in China have gas dynamic disasters, which are closely related to the characteristics of low air permeability, complex geological conditions, low gas saturation and the like of coal beds in mining areas in China. Therefore, in order to realize safe and efficient coal bed gas exploitation, pressure relief and permeability improvement of a coal reservoir are required. The experimental research of the pressure relief and permeability increase gas extraction technology of various coal seams is developed in China since the sixty-seven years of the last century, and a series of good application effects are obtained.
At present, the main measures for pressure relief and permeability increase of a coal seam include deep hole blasting, intensive drilling, hydraulic fracturing, jet flow slotting and the like. Wherein, the high-pressure water jet slotting technology has obvious pressure relief and permeability increasing effects on the high-gas soft low-permeability coal seam. Since the 70 s of the 20 th century, water jet slotting technology research is developed successively by a plurality of units in China, and the technology is promoted to be widely applied to pressure relief and permeability increase gas drainage of coal mines. The conventional hydraulic slotting process comprises the steps of firstly drilling a coal seam on a drainage roadway through a cross-layer drilling hole, starting a high-pressure pump to slot in the coal seam after a drill rod is drilled into a preset coal seam, sealing holes after the slot is cut, and performing gas drainage. The condition that the bedding drilling hydraulic slotting is carried out on the stoped coal seam of the coal seam to extract gas is rare. The problems of difficult hole sealing, lane side damage and the like are easily caused after the seam is mined out, and more serious is the phenomenon of small-range hole outburst or outburst caused by no rock stratum blocking. However, by using the seam cutting technology of the stoping coal seam bedding, a drainage roadway does not need to be additionally excavated, and gas can be extracted by drilling in a machine roadway or an air roadway, so that the cost can be greatly saved. Therefore, how to perform bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting on the stoped coal seam of the coal seam to extract gas so as to reduce the construction work amount of the roadway and save the coal mining cost is a technical problem which people desire to improve.
[ summary of the invention ]
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a gas extraction method capable of performing bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting on a stoped coal bed.
In order to solve the problems proposed in the background art, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a bedding drilling hydraulic slotting method for extracting coal seam gas is characterized in that a reinforced layer is formed by grouting on the wall surface of a coal side, extraction holes are formed in the reinforced layer, bedding long drill holes are constructed in the coal seam through the extraction holes, then slotting is carried out in the coal seam through the long drill holes, and after slotting is completed, extraction pipes are connected to the extraction holes to extract the coal seam gas.
And drilling along the coal seam direction to form a long drill hole, and then connecting an extraction pipe to the extraction hole to extract coal seam gas.
According to the method for extracting coal bed gas by drilling and hydraulic slotting along the bedding, the working face machine lane or the working face air lane is selected as an extraction tunnel, the coal side is one side of the extraction tunnel, and the wall surface comprises an area extending along the advancing direction of the coal bed working face.
According to the method for extracting the coal bed gas by the bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting, the extraction roadway is structurally provided with the top plate positioned on the upper side, the bottom plate positioned on the lower side and the coal beds positioned on two sides of the middle;
the step of forming the reinforcing layer by grouting on the wall surface of the coal side comprises the following steps:
s101: collecting the roadway characteristic parameters of the wall surface to be grouted, wherein the roadway characteristic parameters comprise: the firmness coefficient of the coal bed on the wall surface, the gas content of the coal bed, the firmness coefficient of a top plate rock stratum, the firmness coefficient of a bottom plate rock stratum and the crushing condition of a roadway coal side;
s102: according to the collected roadway characteristic parameters, determining a grouting construction range, selecting grouting materials and formulating grouting construction parameters, wherein the grouting construction range refers to the grouting area along the coal seam, the top plate and the bottom plate, and the grouting construction parameters comprise: grouting position, grouting pressure and grouting time;
s103: and according to the grouting construction parameters, drilling holes in the coal seam, the top plate and the bottom plate in the grouting area, installing grouting equipment, then boosting the grouting equipment to the specified grouting pressure for grouting, stopping grouting after the specified grouting time is reached, and forming the reinforcing layer.
According to the method for extracting coal bed gas by hydraulic seam cutting of bedding drilling, after grouting is finished, the time is required to be 10-20 hours, drilling and sampling are carried out on the reinforcing layer so as to observe the solidification effect of the grouting, if the solidification effect is unqualified, the step S103 is repeated to carry out slurry refilling until the solidification effect is qualified, and the drilling and sampling specifically comprises the step of respectively drilling and coring on the positions, corresponding to the coal bed, the top plate and the bottom plate, on the reinforcing layer by using a core drilling machine.
In the method for extracting coal seam gas by bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting, in step S102, the grouting pressure is 2.5-4.5 MPa, and the grouting time is 30-60 min.
The method for extracting coal seam gas by hydraulic slotting in bedding drilling specifically comprises the following steps of: and (3) entering a preset position of the coal seam through the extraction hole by using hydraulic slotting equipment, then starting a high-pressure pump, introducing 30-40 MPa high-pressure water, rotating a drill rod for slotting, slotting for 15-30 min, then retreating the drill rod for 3-5 m in sequence, continuing slotting according to the steps, finally forming a plurality of disc-shaped slot grooves in the coal seam, and retreating the drill after slotting is finished.
According to the method for extracting the coal bed gas by drilling the holes along the bedding and cutting the seams by the aid of the hydraulic power, the holes need to be sealed after the extraction pipes are inserted.
According to the method for extracting coal bed gas by drilling and hydraulic slotting in the bedding direction, the extraction holes are through holes reserved during grouting or are obtained by drilling through the reinforcing layer by using hydraulic slotting equipment.
According to the method for extracting coal bed gas by drilling and hydraulic slotting along the bedding, the grouting material is any one or combination of cement mortar, single-liquid cement paste, clay cement paste and cement-water glass paste.
According to the method for extracting coal bed gas by drilling and hydraulic slotting along the bedding, the reinforcing layer is in a semi-elliptical shape with a wide middle part and narrow upper and lower sides.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a method for extracting coal seam gas by drilling holes along a bedding direction and cutting seams by hydraulic cutting of bedding holes, which comprises the steps of firstly grouting the wall surface of a coal side to form a stable reinforcing layer, arranging extraction holes for extracting gas in the reinforcing layer, constructing bedding holes in the coal seam along the direction of the coal seam through the extraction holes to form long drilled holes, performing rotary cutting seams in the coal seam through the long drilled holes after the long drilled holes are formed, finally inserting extraction pipes into the extraction holes, and further realizing the purpose of performing bedding hole drilling and cutting seams to extract gas in the coal seam stoping process The method has the advantages that the problems of outburst and the like are solved, the safety of gas extraction and construction convenience of coal seam bedding drilling hydraulic slotting are improved, meanwhile, hole sealing is carried out on the reinforcing layer to extract gas, the forming rate of the drilled hole is improved due to the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing layer, the hole sealing difficulty is reduced, and the hole sealing efficiency is improved.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross section of coal seam gas extracted by bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view in the direction of a-a in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of coal seam gas extraction by bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting.
In the figure: 1-stope face, 2-roof, 3-floor, 4-coal bed, 41-long drill hole, 42-slot, 5-extraction roadway, 7-reinforcing layer and 8-extraction pipe.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The method for extracting coal bed gas by drilling and hydraulic slotting along the bedding will be described in more detail, and the following examples only describe the general flow of the method implemented in coal mines, but do not aim at a specific mine, so that the various parameters described below are only qualitatively described and are not used as limitations of the invention.
According to the figures 1-3, a bedding drilling hydraulic slotting method for extracting coal seam gas is characterized in that a reinforced layer 7 is formed by grouting on the wall surface of a coal side, extraction holes 71 are formed in the reinforced layer, bedding long drill holes 41 are constructed in the coal seam through the extraction holes 71, then slotting is performed in the coal seam 4 through the long drill holes 41, and after slotting is completed, extraction pipes 8 are connected to the extraction holes to extract the coal seam 4 gas.
The invention relates to a bedding drilling hydraulic slotting coal seam gas extraction method, which comprises the steps of firstly, forming a stable reinforcing layer on the wall surface of a coal side by grouting on the wall surface of the coal side, then arranging extraction holes for extracting gas on the reinforcing layer, constructing bedding drilling (drilling along the trend or the inclined direction of the coal seam) in the coal seam through the extraction holes to form long drilling holes, then, performing slotting in the coal seam through long drilling holes, and finally, inserting extraction pipes into the extraction holes, thereby realizing the purpose of performing bedding drilling slotting in a stoping coal seam to extract gas. The coal mining cost is saved, bedding drilling and slotting can be directly carried out on the coal seam after grouting to extract gas, the problems of hole outburst, outburst and the like caused when bedding drilling and slotting are carried out in the prior art are solved, the safety of gas extraction and construction convenience of coal seam bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting are improved, meanwhile, hole sealing is carried out on the reinforcing layer to extract gas, the drilling forming rate is improved due to the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing layer, the hole sealing difficulty is reduced, and the hole sealing efficiency is improved.
And selecting the working face machine lane or the working face air lane as an extraction lane 5, wherein the coal side is one side of the extraction lane 5, and the wall surface comprises an area extending along the advancing direction of the working face of the coal seam 4. According to the method, an existing stoping roadway (a working face machine roadway or a working face air roadway) is selected as an extraction roadway, the wall surface of a coal side (any one of two sides of the roadway) which is 10-20 meters away from the stoping working face is preferably used as a starting point and extends along the advancing direction of the coal face (the direction indicated by an arrow in the figure 2) is preferably used as a grouting area, the length of a grouting layer is preferably 2-10 m, a special extraction roadway does not need to be additionally constructed, the construction engineering quantity of the roadway is reduced, and the coal mining cost is saved.
The extraction roadway 5 is structurally characterized by comprising a top plate 2 positioned on the upper side, a bottom plate 3 positioned on the lower side and coal beds 4 positioned on two sides of the middle; the prior art carries out the cross-layer drilling through the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3, and has large engineering quantity and poor effect.
The step of forming the reinforcing layer 7 on the wall surface of the coal side by grouting specifically comprises the following steps:
s101: collecting the roadway characteristic parameters of the wall surface to be grouted, wherein the roadway characteristic parameters comprise: the firmness coefficient of the coal bed on the wall surface, the gas content of the coal bed, the firmness coefficient of a top plate rock stratum, the firmness coefficient of a bottom plate rock stratum and the crushing condition of a roadway coal side;
s102: according to the collected roadway characteristic parameters, determining a grouting construction range, selecting grouting materials and formulating grouting construction parameters, wherein the grouting construction range refers to the grouting area along the coal seam 4, the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3, and the grouting construction parameters comprise: grouting position, grouting pressure and grouting time;
s103: and according to the grouting construction parameters, drilling holes in the coal seam 4, the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 in the grouting area, installing grouting equipment, then boosting the grouting equipment to the specified grouting pressure for grouting, stopping grouting after the specified grouting time is reached, and forming the reinforcing layer 7.
And judging the rock stratum structure of the coal bed and whether the outburst danger exists or not by collecting the roadway characteristic parameters, and then determining the grouting construction range. The structure of the coal bed can be analyzed by collecting the coal bed firmness coefficient, the coal bed gas content, the roof rock stratum firmness coefficient, the floor rock stratum firmness coefficient and the crushing condition of the roadway coal side of the grouting area, so that the stability condition of the coal bed of the grouting area can be inferred, and the size and the thickness of the grouting construction range can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
And (3) after grouting is finished, waiting for 10-20 hours, drilling and sampling the reinforcing layer 7 to observe the grouting solidification effect, repeating the step S103 to perform grouting slurry supplementing if the solidification effect is unqualified until the solidification effect is qualified, and specifically, drilling and sampling are performed by using a core drilling machine to drill and core the coal seam 4, the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 on the reinforcing layer 7 respectively. Actual slip casting effect can be mastered to the purpose of drilling sample, inspects back up coat 7 for the slip casting thickness and the firmness of roof, bottom plate and coal seam position, judges that slip casting effect index has two: firstly, the intensity of the rock mass improves behind the slip casting, and secondly the scope of slip casting has reached predetermined position (if reached roof, the corresponding position of bottom plate), should suitably mend the slip casting liquid when the slip casting effect is relatively poor, improves the security, simultaneously because the reinforcing effect of back up coat has improved the drilling percentage of formation, has reduced the hole sealing degree of difficulty, has improved hole sealing efficiency.
In the step S102, the grouting pressure is 2.5-4.5 MPa, and the grouting time is 30-60 min. And setting grouting construction parameters according to the collected roadway characteristic parameters.
The "subsequently slotting in the coal seam 4 through the long bore 41" specifically includes: and (3) entering a preset position of the coal seam 4 through the extraction hole 71 by using hydraulic slotting equipment, then starting a high-pressure pump, introducing 30-40 MPa high-pressure water, rotating a drill rod for slotting, wherein the slotting time is 15-30 min, then retreating the drill rod for 3-5 m in sequence, continuing slotting according to the steps, finally forming a plurality of disc-shaped slot grooves 42 in the coal seam, and retreating the drill after slotting is finished. The slot 42 is disc-shaped. The disk-shaped slot 42 is formed by the high-pressure water jet slotting technology, so that gas can be conveniently gathered, the gas extraction efficiency is improved, and the yield is improved.
And hole sealing is needed after the extraction pipe 8 is inserted. The air tightness is improved, the drilling forming rate is improved, the hole sealing difficulty is reduced, and the hole sealing efficiency is improved.
The extraction holes are through holes reserved in grouting or are obtained by drilling through the reinforcing layer 7 by using hydraulic slotting equipment. Drilling through the reinforcing layer 7 by using hydraulic slotting equipment, drilling along the coal seam 4 along the coal seam to form a long drilling hole 41, stopping drilling when a preset position of the coal seam is drilled, then sequentially retreating the rod for slotting, and forming a plurality of slotted holes 42 in the coal seam 4.
The grouting material is any one or combination of cement mortar, single-liquid cement mortar, clay cement mortar and cement-water glass mortar. The method has the characteristics of good curing effect, improves the formation rate of the drilled hole, reduces the hole sealing difficulty and improves the hole sealing efficiency.
The reinforcing layer 7 is in a semi-elliptical shape with a wide middle part and narrow upper and lower sides. During grouting, the top plate 2 and the bottom plate 3 need to be drilled respectively and then assembled, so that the stability effect is improved, the problems of hole outburst, outburst and the like caused by bedding drilling and slotting are reduced, and the safety and the construction convenience of gas extraction of bedding drilling and hydraulic slotting of a coal seam are improved.
The invention relates to a method for extracting coal seam gas by drilling holes along a seam by hydraulic cutting, which comprises the steps of firstly grouting the wall surface of a coal side to form a stable reinforced layer on the wall surface of the coal side, arranging extraction holes for extracting gas on the reinforced layer, constructing a drilling hole along the coal seam direction (a drilling hole drilled along the trend or the inclined direction of the coal seam) in the coal seam through the extraction holes to form a long drilling hole, then cutting the coal seam through a long drilling hole 41, and finally inserting an extraction pipe into the extraction hole, thereby realizing the purpose of drilling and cutting the seam along the seam in a stoping coal seam to extract the gas. The problems of hole outburst, outburst and the like caused by drilling and slotting in the bedding direction in the prior art are solved, the safety of gas extraction and construction of hydraulic slotting in the drilling of the bedding direction in the coal seam is improved, meanwhile, gas extraction and hole sealing are carried out in the reinforcing layer, and due to the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing layer, the forming rate of the drilled hole is improved, the hole sealing difficulty is reduced, and the hole sealing efficiency is improved.
Claims (10)
1. A bedding drilling hydraulic slotting coal seam gas extraction method is characterized in that: grouting is carried out on the wall surface of the coal side to form a reinforced layer (7), extraction holes (71) are formed in the reinforced layer (7), bedding long drill holes (41) are constructed in the coal bed through the extraction holes (71), then, slotting is carried out in the coal bed (4) through the long drill holes (41), and after slotting is completed, extraction pipes (8) are connected to the extraction holes (71) to extract gas in the coal bed (4).
2. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and selecting the working face machine lane or the working face air lane as an extraction tunnel (5), wherein the coal side is one side of the extraction tunnel (5), and the wall surface comprises an area extending along the advancing direction of the working face of the coal seam (4).
3. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the extraction roadway (5) is structurally characterized by comprising a top plate (2) positioned on the upper side, a bottom plate (3) positioned on the lower side and coal beds (4) positioned on two sides of the middle;
the step of forming the reinforcing layer (7) on the wall surface of the coal side by grouting specifically comprises the following steps:
s101: collecting the roadway characteristic parameters of the wall surface to be grouted, wherein the roadway characteristic parameters comprise: the firmness coefficient of the coal bed on the wall surface, the gas content of the coal bed, the firmness coefficient of a top plate rock stratum, the firmness coefficient of a bottom plate rock stratum and the crushing condition of a roadway coal side;
s102: according to the collection tunnel characteristic parameters, confirm the slip casting construction scope, select grouting material and formulate slip casting construction parameters, the scope of slip casting construction indicates along the region of coal seam (4), roof (2) and bottom plate (3) slip casting, slip casting construction parameters includes: grouting position, grouting pressure and grouting time;
s103: and according to the grouting construction parameters, drilling holes in the coal seam (4), the top plate (2) and the bottom plate (3) in the grouting area, installing grouting equipment, then boosting the grouting equipment to the specified grouting pressure for grouting, stopping grouting after the specified grouting time is reached, and forming the reinforcing layer (7).
4. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: still need wait for 10 ~ 20 hours after the slip casting is accomplished, carry out the drilling sample in order to observe the solidification effect of slip casting to back up coat (7), if the solidification effect is unqualified, then repeat step S103 and carry out the slip casting liquid, it is qualified to solidify the effect, the drilling sample specifically is for using core drill to go up respectively to back up coat (7) coal seam (4) roof (2) and the position that bottom plate (3) correspond carries out the drilling coring respectively.
5. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step S102, the grouting pressure is 2.5-4.5 MPa, and the grouting time is 30-60 min.
6. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the "subsequently slotting in the coal seam (4) through the long bore (41)" comprises in particular: and (3) entering a preset position of the coal seam (4) through the extraction hole (71) by using hydraulic seam cutting equipment, then starting a high-pressure pump, introducing high-pressure water of 30-40 MPa, rotating a drill rod for cutting, wherein the seam cutting time is 15-30 min, then retreating the drill rod for 3-5 m in sequence, continuing to cut the seam according to the steps, finally forming a plurality of disc-shaped seam grooves (42) in the coal seam, and retreating the drill after the seam cutting is finished.
7. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and hole sealing is needed after the extraction pipe (8) is inserted.
8. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extraction holes (71) are through holes reserved in grouting or are obtained by drilling through the reinforcing layer (7) by using hydraulic slotting equipment.
9. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grouting material is any one or combination of cement mortar, single-liquid cement mortar, clay cement mortar and cement-water glass mortar.
10. The bedding drilling hydraulic cutting coal seam gas extraction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reinforcing layer (7) is in a semi-elliptical shape with a wide middle part and narrow upper and lower sides.
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