CN101575983B - Directional fracturing permeability improvement outburst elimination method in coal mine and device thereof. - Google Patents
Directional fracturing permeability improvement outburst elimination method in coal mine and device thereof. Download PDFInfo
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- CN101575983B CN101575983B CN2009101470770A CN200910147077A CN101575983B CN 101575983 B CN101575983 B CN 101575983B CN 2009101470770 A CN2009101470770 A CN 2009101470770A CN 200910147077 A CN200910147077 A CN 200910147077A CN 101575983 B CN101575983 B CN 101575983B
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- Prior art keywords
- fracturing
- coal
- pressure break
- boring
- pressure
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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[C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
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Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of under coal mine, guarantee coal bed gas (coal mine gas) can be rapidly and the coal mine that continues to discharge under directional fracturing method and the anti-reflection extinction device of pressure break.
Technical background
The coal mine gas disaster is the key factor of the safe and efficient production of restriction coal enterprise always for a long time.From the current situation of the high gas of China and projecting mine gas drainage under suction and coal bed gas (coal mine gas) exploitation, improve the rate of taking out in advance is a difficult problem that needs to be resolved hurrily with shortening the phase of taking out in advance always.The coal-bearing strata of China has generally all experienced the strong tectonic movement behind the coal-forming, and the cleat system often suffers very havoc, becomes the high ductility structure of hypotonicity, and very big difference is arranged abroad, and gas permeability will be hanged down 2～3 one magnitude.Therefore, the major technique obstacle of most regional protrusion-dispelling extractions of restriction China and coal bed gas (coal mine gas) exploitation is the low-permeable in coal seam.
The coal scientific research personnel has carried out extensive studies to the problems referred to above both at home and abroad; Successively tested multinomial protrusion-dispelling extraction technical measures, mainly comprised: advance borehole, longhole infusion, hydraulic flushing in hole, hydraulic slotted liner technique, deep hole loosening blasting and Deep-hole Controlled Blasting, stope split boring extraction etc. along lamination.These technical measures are that cost is carried out extraction with intensive cloth hole, high engineering input often, and ubiquity that whole release is abundant inadequately, and the extraction blank tape is bigger, problems such as working procedure complicacy.During the preparatory gas pumping of coal bed drilling, the fissure zone scope that around boring, forms is approximately 2～3 times of boring radius, and maximum extraction radius is 3～5m; Higher extraction amount still can appear at the extraction initial stage; But decay very soon, free gas is at a distance conciliate gassing because the permeability in original coal seam does not improve, and can not in time add in the boring; Cause the very fast sharply decline of extraction amount, the extraction rate is less.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that exists in the prior art and a kind of gas permeability of coal seam that can strengthen is provided; Increase the gas drainage under suction amount; Prevent that effectively face gas concentration from transfiniting, directional fracturing method and the anti-reflection extinction device of pressure break under the coal mine of raising driving face extinction effect and driving speed.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The anti-reflection extinction method of directional fracturing under a kind of coal mine is characterized in that:
The first step: in apart from nearest tunnel, pressure break target area; Along the incline direction in coal seam or move towards the direction pressure break boring of on the preparation face, constructing; The degree of depth in hole is between 50～100m, and the pressure break hole packer instrument that external diameter and pressure break boring aperture are complementary is installed in this pressure break boring;
Second step; Protrusion-dispelling air door nearest in apart from tunnel, pressure break target area is put fluid reservoir, mulling device and fracturing pump group in addition; Fluid reservoir is connected through fluid reservoir liquid outlet and mulling device; The delivery outlet and the fracturing pump group of mulling device are connected, again the output pipe of fracturing pump group are connected to the aperture of pressure break boring; Store fracturing fluid in the fluid reservoir, the mulling device also is connected with the proppant holding vessel, and fracturing fluid and proppant mix in the mulling device after the delivery outlet of mulling device and fracturing pump group are connected;
In the 3rd step, open the fracturing pump group and drain the raffinate in the pipeline, and the pipeline pressure test leak-detecting is carried out in pressurize;
In the 4th step,, in the aperture of pressure break boring, pump into formation breakdown liquid and proppant with the formation fracture pressure that is higher than; With formation breakdown; Increase its gas permeability, and around pressure break boring, form stress relaxed area, improve desorption of mash gas speed; Carry out sealing of hole through pressure break is holed at last, accomplish the anti-reflection extinction of directional fracturing under the coal mine.
The bore position of colliery underground fracture and orientation should be confirmed according to the concrete condition of the existing roadway engineering specifications of target coal seam coal body structure and colliery; Complete relatively or developmental phase is to complete layering when the coal body structure; In the time of can in the coal seam, forming complete boring, adopt, perhaps adopt and from base plate extraction lane or top board extraction lane, face upward or the angle of depression is worn a layer the pressure of the drill and split boring along the coal bed drilling pressure break; Rock section sealing of hole, pressure break coal seam and rock stratum respectively.
Serious when the coal body structural deterioration, when being difficult to pore-forming; Employing is constructed from base plate extraction lane or top board extraction lane and is faced upward or the angle of depression is worn a layer the pressure of the drill and split boring, rock section sealing of hole, pressure break coal seam and rock stratum respectively; Perhaps select along the coal seam roof and floor construction to split boring, the pressure break roof and floor along lamination.
When the target area is that multiple seam is grown the district, the coal body structural deterioration is serious, the coal seam spacing within 20m, construct in base plate extraction lane or the top board extraction lane face upward/angle of depression wears a layer the pressure of the drill and splits boring, and this interlayer is implemented pressure break, the elevation angle of holing is not limit.
In apart from nearest tunnel, pressure break target area, be meant driving face with on the group.
Formation breakdown liquid consumption is at 40～80m 3Between with the proppant consumption at 5-10m 3Between.
The anti-reflection extinction device of directional fracturing under a kind of coal mine; Comprise and hold of the fracturing fluid fluid reservoir; It is characterized in that: fluid reservoir and mulling device are connected; The mulling device is connected through pipeline and proppant holding vessel, is connected with the fracturing pump group that is connected with the pressure break drilling orifice on the fluid pipeline of mulling device.
The fracturing pump group is connected through pressure duct and pressure break drilling orifice.
The pressure break drilling orifice be provided with keep away the calamity commander compartment in the pressure sensor that is connected of real time data monitoring and recording system.
The present invention is a principle of utilizing the liquid pressure transmission, with the pump fluence 1～2m greater than stratum liquid filter loss 3/ min injects the target area, and the inner high pressure that produces in the target area is above the fracture pressure 18～60Mpa of coal and rock; Break coal and rock; Produce numerous and extend far man-made fracture, increased the gas current by pass, man-made fracture is linked up the inner numerous primary microfissures in coal seam; Increase coal body desorption of mash gas specific area, can increase substantially the gas permeability in coal seam.After the pressure break; The gas that the coal seam parses can waltz through gas channel migration that pressure break forms to boring, has guaranteed that coal bed gas (coal mine gas) rapidly and release relatively enduringly, can solve the short problem of low air permeability coal seam boring extraction influence basin finite sum extraction damped cycle; Make the extraction radius increase several times, tens of times; The extraction amount can increase tens of times before than pressure break, and the extraction rate improves more than 50% on the original basis, and the coal body dynamic phenomenon weakens after the pressure break simultaneously; Pressure break influence area stress reduces, and the extinction effect is comparatively remarkable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is this coal seam pressure break drill holes sketch map among the present invention;
Fig. 2 splits the drill holes sketch map for wearing lamination among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is interlayer pressure break drill holes sketch map among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is pressing crack construction view among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the anti-reflection extinction apparatus structure of directional fracturing sketch map under the coal mine among the present invention.
The specific embodiment
As shown in the figure, technical scheme of the present invention is carried out as follows:
The first step; In apart from nearest tunnel, pressure break target area; Promptly pressure break target coal seam air intake lane 11 driving faces with on group, respectively along coal seam tendency with move towards this coal seam of direction construction and split boring 1,2 along lamination, the degree of depth is 60m; The pressure break hole packer instrument that external diameter and pressure break boring aperture are complementary is installed in this pressure break boring, promptly is lowered to special-purpose hole packer 9 instruments such as grade of pressure break;
In second step, as shown in Figure 1, protrusion-dispelling air door 8 nearest in apart from tunnel, pressure break target area is put fracturing unit 7 in addition, and fracturing unit 7 is connected to the aperture through pressure duct 10; Fracturing unit 7 comprises fluid reservoir 12, mulling device 13 and fracturing pump group 14; Fluid reservoir 12 is connected through fluid reservoir liquid outlet and mulling device 13; The delivery outlet and the fracturing pump group 14 of mulling device 13 are connected, again the output pipe of fracturing pump group 14 are connected to the aperture of pressure break boring; Store fracturing fluid in the fluid reservoir 12, mulling device 13 also is connected with proppant holding vessel 16, and fracturing fluid and proppant mix in mulling device 13 after the delivery outlet of mulling device and fracturing pump group 14 are connected;
The 3rd step, open the fracturing pump group and drain the raffinate in the pipeline, boost to 1.5 times of pipeline voltage withstand class, pressurize 5min carries out the pipeline pressure test leak-detecting;
The 4th the step, according to the concrete condition of pressure break target area, in the pressing crack construction according to designing program; (the general 16～28Mpa in coal seam, the construction pump pressure of rock stratum general 30～70Mpa) pump into the fracturing fluid and the proppant of stratum some to be higher than formation fracture pressure; With formation breakdown; Increase its gas permeability, and around pressure break boring, form stress relaxed area, improve desorption of mash gas speed.
Fracturing fluid and proppant consumption are decided according to stratum and structure actual conditions, general fracturing fluid consumption 50m 3About, proppant consumption 5～10m 3, the both is mixed by the mulling device and at the uniform velocity supplies with the fracturing pump group, reaches when setting consumption, closes pump, surveys instantaneous termination of pumping pressure, through keeping away the real time data monitoring and recording system record pressure changing in the calamity commander compartment 17, waits closing up of cracks; Carry out sand washing, hole flushing, discharge opeing as required; Through sealing of hole is carried out in boring to pressure break, construction finishes up, accomplish the anti-reflection extinction of directional fracturing under the coal mine at last.
When the boring of first step construction pressure break, should confirm according to the concrete condition of the existing roadway engineering specifications of target coal seam coal body structure and colliery.Complete relatively or developmental phase is to complete layering when the coal body structure, in the time of can in the coal seam, forming complete boring, can also adopt from base plate extraction lane 6 (or top board extraction lane) and face upward/angle of depression layer-through drilling 5 and 4, rock section sealing of hole, pressure break coal seam and rock stratum respectively; Serious when the coal body structural deterioration, when being difficult to pore-forming; Can adopt constructs from base plate extraction lane 6 (or top board extraction lane) faces upward/angle of depression layer-through drilling 5 and 4, rock section sealing of hole, pressure break coal seam and rock stratum respectively; Can also select along the coal seam roof and floor construction to split boring 3, pressure break roof and floor along lamination; When the target area is that multiple seam is grown the district, the coal body structural deterioration is serious, the coal seam spacing within 20m, can be from base plate extraction lane 6 in (or top board extraction lane) construction face upward/angle of depression layer-through drilling 4, this interlayer is implemented pressure break, the boring elevation angle is not limit.15 is return airway, and 18 is the coal seam.
The anti-reflection extinction device of directional fracturing under a kind of coal mine; Comprise and hold of the fracturing fluid fluid reservoir 12; It is characterized in that: fluid reservoir 12 is connected with mulling device 13; Mulling device 13 is connected with storing proppant part 16 through pipeline, is connected with the fracturing pump group 14 that is connected with the pressure break drilling orifice on the fluid pipeline of mulling device 13.
Fracturing pump group 14 is connected through pressure duct 10 and pressure break drilling orifice 1,2,3,4 or 5.
The pressure break drilling orifice be provided with keep away calamity commander compartment 17 in the pressure sensor that is connected of real time data monitoring and recording system.
Claims (9)
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| CN2009101470770A CN101575983B (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2009-05-31 | Directional fracturing permeability improvement outburst elimination method in coal mine and device thereof. |
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