CN103924975A - Water retaining method for coal mining process - Google Patents
Water retaining method for coal mining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103924975A CN103924975A CN201410152267.2A CN201410152267A CN103924975A CN 103924975 A CN103924975 A CN 103924975A CN 201410152267 A CN201410152267 A CN 201410152267A CN 103924975 A CN103924975 A CN 103924975A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water retaining method for a coal mining process, relating to the technical field of an underground mining method. The water retaining method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing three-dimensional probing on underground water static occurrence features, protective layer integrity and natural water diversion channel development state of an underground coal mine excavating region by adopting the three-dimensional probing technique; and secondly, finding a weak section and a water diversion channel in an underground water protective layer and a section with underground water leakage risk by combining the probed result, and rapidly grouting to block the water diversion channel and the section with the underground water leakage risk by drilling rapidly and accurately and grouting to reinforce the underground water protective layer or setting up a water retention coal pillar by adopting underground high-pressure water jet drilling technology. The method can realize protection to groundwater resources in mining districts while ensuring safe and high-efficiency coal mining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground mining method technical field.
Background technology
Coal, the ratio in China's primary energy consumption reaches 70%, in national economy is produced, occupies very consequence.But also very outstanding to the destruction problem of environment in coal production process, the problem such as surface collapse, Destruction of Groundwater Resources of mining and causing, more and more causes that various circles of society pay attention to.
Tradition coal-mining technique, always using underground water as a kind of disaster, takes the measure such as hydrophobic step-down, slip casting improvement, or underground water is discharged, or by water partial closure.The former causes a large amount of wastes of groundwater resources, causes groundwater level continuous decrease, forms Trend of Groundwater Descent Funnel.The latter has changed underground water flow field feature, usually causes well discharge reduction even to stop, and affects industrial or agricultural and urbanite water consumption.
Disclose according to " Geological Enviroment of Hebei Province situation communique in 2012 " that in July, 2013, Hebei Department of Land Resources of Shanxi Province issued, 25 of cone of depressions under the whole province's commonage, national Trend of Groundwater Descent Funnel exceedes 100.In the last thirty years, near the groundwater table range of decrease 20-30m hundred spring geohydrologic unit spring mouths of Handan Xing area.And the great water leak accident in colliery each time is usually followed declining to a great extent of tens of kilometer range inner region groundwater table around.And the draining of hundreds of cubic metres per hour easily of each mine, the especially imbody to Destruction of Groundwater Resources and waste.
Contradiction between the imperfection of the urgency of protection of groundwater resource and coal mining water conservation technology highlights day by day, and the research of coal mining water conservation technology just seems more and more important.
By the specific technique research of tackling key problems; in guaranteeing safety, efficient coal mining; carry out the protection to coal field groundwater resources; reduce mine drainage amount; the exploitation of coal resources are combined with the protection of groundwater resources; build mine water spy, prevent, control, protect, by integrated protection, the improvement system of five in one; finally realize the situation of coal mining water conservation, coal and two kinds of resource overall plannings of water, the harmonious win-win of human and environment; health to coal in China industry, sustainable development, be significant to the structure of harmonious society, Ecological Society.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of water-retaining method for coal mining process, and the method can, in guaranteeing safety, efficient coal mining, realize the protection to groundwater in mining area resource.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of water-retaining method for coal mining process, comprises the steps:
One, adopt three-dimensional probe technology to deposit feature, the complete situation of ground water protection layer and natural conduit pipe developmental state to the underground water static state tax in down-hole mining area, colliery and carry out three-dimensional probe;
Two, in conjunction with surveying the result obtaining; find weak location and the conduit pipe in ground water protection layer and have the location of underground water spillage risk; adopt high-pressure water jet to creep into technology; by fast, accurately creep into, slip casting shutoff conduit pipe and have location, the grouting and reinforcing ground water protection layer of underground water spillage risk or stay and establish water conservation coal column fast.
Preferably; during also adopting On Microseismic Monitoring Technique to coal-face and aquifer, surrounding area and the coal mining of ground water protection layer between the above-mentioned first step and second step, rock breakdown situation is carried out omnidistance dynamic monitoring; when microseismic event by near rock stratum coal-face, empty distribution situation monitors, analyzes, and collects that underground water occurs to flow, variations of ground water protection layer, natural conduit pipe stability, artificial conduit pipe developmental state and have the information in the location of underground water spillage risk.
Further preferred, the detailed description of the invention of On Microseismic Monitoring Technique is: wave detector is arranged to ring-type along roadway workface top board, base plate, left side, right side, and each wave detector is connected on same monitor by data wire, forms a monitoring means; Arrange a monitoring means along the upper and lower crossheading of work plane interval 200-300 rice, multiple monitoring means form a complete work plane monitoring network.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned first step, three-dimensional probe technology is that the multi-parameter spatial of roadway multi-azimuth advance detection method, Roadway Leading Prospecting data becomes figure method and work plane coal seam to adopt the Detection Techniques that front three-dimensional probe method is combined with.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to produce is:
(1) to adopt three-dimensional probe technology be the integrated exploration technology of Main Means in the present invention, find out under coal mine production area and around static tax of underground water deposit feature, understand underground water Different Waters such as () aquifer, old empty water and compose and deposit the weak location of position, scope and ground water protection layer, conduit pipe developmental state etc., for the first step is carried out in ground water protection work;
(2) adopt On Microseismic Monitoring Technique, monitoring face stoping period country rock ground water protection layer rock breakdown and conduit pipe situation of change, coordinate the various features parameter monitorings such as underground water hydraulic pressure, the water yield, water temperature, water quality, isotope, find out digging area variation of groundwater dynamic feature, the artificial conduit pipe developmental state of understanding natural conduit pipe steadiness and forming because of digging activity, whether to occurring, underground water leakage and destruction and locus thereof are monitored, early warning; The design of On Microseismic Monitoring Technique detailed description of the invention makes a monitoring means, and its monitoring, control range can covering radius be the spheroid space of 300-500 rice;
(3) take high-pressure water jet to creep into technology and slurry injection technique; to explored ground water protection layer local weak location and conduit pipe and there is underground water spillage risk location; carry out grouting and reinforcing, shutoff; or take to stay the method for establishing water conservation coal column; underground water spillage risk is eliminated in bud, reduced to greatest extent the destruction of mining to underground water, the safety that greatly improves coal mining activity; improve operating efficiency, there is good realistic meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation;
Fig. 1 is that in the embodiment of the present invention 4,9315 work planes are adopted front three-dimensional probe and grouting and reinforcing schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is 2120 work plane air channel roadway multi-azimuth advance detection engineering arrangement diagrams in the embodiment of the present invention 3;
Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B are that curve map is explained in the detection of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the roadway multi-azimuth advance detection schematic diagram of mentioning in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that front three-dimensional probe schematic diagram is adopted in the work plane coal seam of mentioning in the present invention;
In figure, 1,2120 work plane air channels; 2, stop a position; 3, Abnormal belt of low resistivity; 4, a position is cut in design; 5,2298 work plane high water level; 6, digging laneway is met head on; 7, detection direction; 8, control range; 9, aquifer; 10, Xia Xiang; 11, old dead zone; 12, adopt damage envelope; 13, Shang Xiang; 14, water guide karst collapse col umn; 15, three-dimensional probe.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
For a water-retaining method for coal mining process, comprise the steps:
One, adopt roadway multi-azimuth advance detection method (patent No. is ZL 201110095155.4), the multi-parameter spatial of Roadway Leading Prospecting data becomes figure method (patent No. is ZL201110389923.7) and work plane coal seam to adopt front three-dimensional probe method (patent No. is ZL201210112477.X) composition three-dimensional probe method (Fig. 4, 5), find out that static tax of underground water under the reset condition of colliery down-hole mining area deposit feature, find out the digging laneway front of meeting head on, side front, top board, base plate and face roof, base plate, multiple orientation underground water distribution situations such as periphery, the complete situation of ground water protection layer, natural conduit pipe developmental state etc.
The static tax of groundwater in mining area deposited feature and carried out comprehensive, harmless detecting; find out that the rich water level in underground reservoir space is put, the natural conduit pipe developmental state such as scope and tomography, karst collapse col umn; do not use probing etc. aquifer to be formed to the exploration means of damage and fracture, be the first step of carrying out ground water protection work as far as possible.
Two, according to aforementioned detection and monitoring result that to underground water, feature, the complete situation of ground water protection layer, natural conduit pipe are deposited in static tax; find ground water protection layer local weak location and conduit pipe and have the location of underground water spillage risk, take to the local weak location of ground water protection layer grouting and reinforcing, to conduit pipe and exist the location of underground water spillage risk to carry out the measures such as slip casting shutoff.The present invention adopts high-pressure water jet to creep into technology; natural conduit pipe, the artificial conduit pipe that work plane is around existed and exist the location of underground water spillage risk to carry out slip casting shutoff; grouting and reinforcing is carried out in the local weak location of ground water protection layer; reinforcement ground water protection layer to greatest extent; become the complete ground water protection layer of sufficient intensity; creep into fast and accurately, fast slip casting, administer fast; in the very first time, underground water is leaked and eliminated in bud, reach the object of protection underground water.
Tradition machine dimensions drill, the dark boring of 100m of constructing needs 2-3 days, adopts the high-pressure water jet technology of creeping into only to need 1-2 hour, and boring accurate positioning, and borehole bottom location deviation is generally within 2-3 rice.For the shutoff of natural conduit pipe and artificial conduit pipe, give prominence to a fast word.Discovery, quick blocking, pour into by High Pressure Pure Water mud fast, at very first time shutoff conduit pipe, underground water spillage risk eliminated in bud.
Consider the variation of stress field peripherally of the forward and backward work plane of back production; rock stratum deforms to destroy and can hardly be avoided; in the local weak location grouting and reinforcing work of ground water protection layer; by add the material such as clay, flyash in cement grout; in improving ground water protection layer compressive strength; increase targetedly the flexibility of injecting paste material, improve topping plasticity_resistant deformation ability, very useful to effective protection underground water.
Or stay and establish water conservation coal column.
Slip casting and stay the selection of establishing water conservation coal column, can select according to the actual situation such as cost, degree of risk.
Embodiment 2
One, adopt roadway multi-azimuth advance detection method (patent No. is ZL 201110095155.4), the multi-parameter spatial of Roadway Leading Prospecting data becomes figure method (patent No. is ZL201110389923.7) and work plane coal seam to adopt front three-dimensional probe method (patent No. is ZL201210112477.X) composition three-dimensional probe method (Fig. 4, 5), find out that static tax of underground water under the reset condition of colliery down-hole mining area deposit feature, find out the digging laneway front of meeting head on, side front, top board, base plate and face roof, base plate, multiple orientation underground water distribution situations such as periphery, the complete situation of ground water protection layer, natural conduit pipe developmental state etc.
The static tax of groundwater in mining area deposited feature and carried out comprehensive, harmless detecting; find out that the rich water level in underground reservoir space is put, the natural conduit pipe developmental state such as scope and tomography, karst collapse col umn; do not use probing etc. aquifer to be formed to the exploration means of damage and fracture, be the first step of carrying out ground water protection work as far as possible.
Two, adopt On Microseismic Monitoring Technique, omnidistance dynamic monitoring is carried out in coal-face and aquifer, surrounding area and ground water protection layer rock breakdown situation during mining.To pinpoint the problems in time, take measures in time, the generation of underground water leakage and water inrush accident in very first time prevention coal mining process.
Under nature, groundwater occurrence is in aquifer a specific environment, in a kind of equilibrium state.After near the coal seam extraction in aquifer, formation goaf, coal-face position (water space or excessively aquaporin), adjoining rock produces and is caving, forms mining induced fissure, once these cracks are linked up with aquifer, will become the artificial conduit pipe of underground water, underground water will flow into goaf and through discharge ground, goaf, cause the destruction to groundwater resources.Above-mentioned crack forming process and underground water break through the process in the goaf of rock stratum inflow around, are exactly the work plane rupture process of rock stratum around in fact, all can follow small seismic events again and again.The present invention takes On Microseismic Monitoring Technique, monitor, analyze by time, frequency, energy and spatial distribution situation to microseismic event generation near rock stratum coal-face etc. many aspects, just can capture underground water the information that flows, changes occurs, collect underground water and occur to flow, change and the information of leaking may occur; Understand natural conduit pipe steadiness and the artificial conduit pipe developmental state because of digging activity formation, and then for taking fast ground water protection measure that foundation is provided.
The detailed description of the invention of On Microseismic Monitoring Technique is: wave detector is arranged to ring-type along roadway workface top board, base plate, left side, right side, and each wave detector is connected on same monitor by dedicated data line, forms a monitoring means; Arrange a monitoring means along the upper and lower crossheading of work plane interval 200-300 rice, a complete work plane monitoring network of multiple monitoring means composition.A monitoring means, monitoring, control range can covering radius be the spheroid space of 300-500 rice.According to working face extraction progress, Monitor Sub-Station of Less adopts laddering alternately move mode outwards to move, and realizes whole work plane and continuous, all standing monitoring of rock stratum around.
Whole observation process will run through work plane preparatory stage to working face extraction and finish a period of time, guarantees ground water protection layer situation of change in whole monitoring periods, natural conduit pipe steadiness, artificial conduit pipe developmental state, underground water may leak the omnidistance dynamic monitoring in location around.
Three, according to aforementioned detection and the monitoring result of depositing feature, the complete situation of ground water protection layer, natural conduit pipe and artificial conduit pipe developmental state, variation of groundwater dynamic that underground water static state is composed; find ground water protection layer local weak location and conduit pipe and have the location of underground water spillage risk, take to the local weak location of ground water protection layer carry out grouting and reinforcing, to conduit pipe and exist the location of underground water spillage risk to carry out the measures such as slip casting shutoff.The present invention adopts high-pressure water jet to creep into technology; natural conduit pipe, the artificial conduit pipe that work plane is around existed and exist the location of underground water spillage risk to carry out slip casting shutoff; grouting and reinforcing is carried out in the local weak location of ground water protection layer; creep into fast and accurately, fast slip casting, administer fast; in the very first time, underground water is leaked and eliminated in bud, reach the object of protection underground water.
Or stay and establish water conservation coal column.
Embodiment 3:
Certain ore deposit 2120 work plane is 12# coal driving face, the long 1208m of trends of design.
, there is base plate water burst in 2120 work plane top 9# coal 2298 work plane fortune drivings on December 24th, 1, maximum flooding quantity is 172m
3/ h, causes that near 2278 work planes are flooded, the whole mine north wing stops production.
After 13 years, 918m position is tunneled in 2120 work plane air channels, seminar adopts " roadway multi-azimuth advance detection method " (patent No. ZL 201110095155.4, ZL201110389923.7), and to meeting head on, multi-faceted, three-dimensional probe is carried out in high water level exceptions area, front.
Fig. 2 is 2120 work plane air channel roadway multi-azimuth advance detection engineering arrangement diagrams; Fig. 3 A, Fig. 3 B are that curve map (apparent resistivity logarithm ds isopleth plan view) is explained in the detection of Fig. 2;
In figure, show, front, tunnel exists one and draws a circle to approve region with air channel approximately perpendicular Abnormal belt of low resistivity 3(thick dashed line).In this abnormal plane, be NNE to ribbon spread, with air channel near normal, on space, be to tilt banded spread, think for the reflection of water guide tomography.
Consider that this tomography is across 2120 work planes (design), tunnel continue driving and working face extraction generation water inrush accident may be very large, therefore, ore deposit side determines to change former design scheme, and air channel stops driving, stay and establish water conservation coal column (because position is for this reason in edge, two ore deposits, mineral resources are few, and grouting cost is high, and exploitation has a big risk, establish water conservation coal column so stay), work plane retreats 300m and rearranges recovery system.Avoid once the generation of contingent driving gushing water and underground water leakage accident.
Embodiment 4:
Certain mine 9315 work plane master adopts Carboniferous System 9# coal.Under floor undulation, apart from aquifer in Ordovician limestone 33m, bear Ordovician karst water and press 1.2～1.4MPa.
On December 5th～8,1, seminar adopts work plane coal seam to adopt front three-dimensional probe method (patent No. ZL 201210112477.X)), draw a circle to approve moisture abnormal 5 places, see 1# in Fig. 1,2#, 3#, 4#, 5#.
After this, according to result of detection, ore deposit side carries out boring grouting reinforcing to floor undulation (having the location of underground water spillage risk), adopts high-pressure water jet to creep into technology, creeps into fast and accurately, fast slip casting.Wherein, 55 of floor undulation injected holes, slip casting 1299.45t, the WS4-1 boring that enters 4# exceptions area, hole depth 73.6m, water yield 15m
3/ h, single hole injects cement 950t, accounts for 67.9% of 55 boring slip casting total amounts of whole work plane.
The enforcement of this project, successful shutoff natural conduit pipe of floor undulation, effectively eliminated working face extraction gushing water hidden danger, avoided primary excavation water inrush accident.
At present, the safe back production of work plane, has reached coal mining water conservation object.
Claims (4)
1. for a water-retaining method for coal mining process, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
One, adopt three-dimensional probe technology to deposit feature, the complete situation of ground water protection layer and natural conduit pipe developmental state to the underground water static state tax in down-hole mining area, colliery and carry out three-dimensional probe;
Two, in conjunction with surveying the result obtaining; find weak location and the conduit pipe in ground water protection layer and have the location of underground water spillage risk; adopt high-pressure water jet to creep into technology; by fast, accurately creep into, slip casting shutoff conduit pipe and have location, the grouting and reinforcing ground water protection layer of underground water spillage risk or stay and establish water conservation coal column fast.
2. a kind of water-retaining method for coal mining process according to claim 1, during it is characterized in that also adopting between the above-mentioned first step and second step On Microseismic Monitoring Technique to mine to coal-face and aquifer, surrounding area and ground water protection layer, rock breakdown situation is carried out omnidistance dynamic monitoring, when microseismic event by near rock stratum coal-face, empty distribution situation is monitored, analyze, collecting underground water occurs to flow, ground water protection layer changes, natural conduit pipe stability, artificial conduit pipe developmental state and have the information in the location of underground water spillage risk.
3. a kind of water-retaining method for coal mining process according to claim 2, the detailed description of the invention that it is characterized in that described On Microseismic Monitoring Technique is: wave detector is arranged to ring-type along roadway workface top board, base plate, left side, right side, each wave detector is connected on same monitor by data wire, forms a monitoring means; Arrange a monitoring means along the upper and lower crossheading of work plane interval 200-300 rice, multiple monitoring means form a complete work plane monitoring network.
4. a kind of water-retaining method for coal mining process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the above-mentioned first step, three-dimensional probe technology is that the multi-parameter spatial of roadway multi-azimuth advance detection method, Roadway Leading Prospecting data becomes figure method and work plane coal seam to adopt the Detection Techniques that front three-dimensional probe method is combined with.
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| CN201410152267.2A CN103924975B (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2014-04-16 | A kind of for the water-retaining method in coal mining process |
| CA2945852A CA2945852C (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2014-12-25 | Water conservation method used in coal mining process |
| PCT/CN2014/094945 WO2015158153A1 (en) | 2014-04-16 | 2014-12-25 | Water conservation method used in coal mining process |
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| CN104564074A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-29 | 西安科技大学 | Method for implementing water-preserved coal mining of coal mining area |
| CN104612688A (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2015-05-13 | 西安科技大学 | Water-preserving coal mining method for multi-seam mining of ecologically vulnerable area |
| CN104989453A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2015-10-21 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | Coal mine water burst down-hole full-space real-time continuous monitoring early-warning method |
| WO2015158153A1 (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2015-10-22 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | Water conservation method used in coal mining process |
| CN105137487A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-09 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | Underground water flow field description method based on manual water discharging interference field |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103924975B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| WO2015158153A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
| CA2945852A1 (en) | 2015-10-22 |
| CA2945852C (en) | 2019-05-07 |
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