CN103867229B - A kind of coal mine large-mining is dark prevents and treats comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining - Google Patents

A kind of coal mine large-mining is dark prevents and treats comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining Download PDF

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CN103867229B
CN103867229B CN201410088702.XA CN201410088702A CN103867229B CN 103867229 B CN103867229 B CN 103867229B CN 201410088702 A CN201410088702 A CN 201410088702A CN 103867229 B CN103867229 B CN 103867229B
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slip casting
coal
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administered
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CN103867229A (en
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赵庆彪
成光星
王殿录
王铁记
田金栋
王玺瑞
蒋勤明
高会春
高春芳
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Hebei Coal Science Research Institute Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of coal mine large-mining and deeply prevent and treat comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining, its step is as follows: the leading slip casting shutoff comprehensively of (1) overall region improvement: a. ground physical prospecting; B. ground exploration, in overall region, leading slip casting is comprehensively administered; (2) before the pick of down-hole, " band " pre-grouting is administered; (3) in exploiting field, grouting reinforcing and territory, adjacent unworked country pre-grouting are administered, and after stope excavates, adopt in face and instruct the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth with two or more physical prospectings; (4) back production. Proposed by the invention administer and change into relatively independent geohydrologic unit that geological structure cuts apart or exploiting field, the stage horizontal zone unit of being subject to by local multiple spot one side one in the past; carry out overall region and administer in advance control comprehensive treatment method for water; preventing water bursting in mine; the aspects such as protection groundwater environment and water resource obtain remarkable result; greatly improve and adopted greatly the dark and lower group coal mine of exploitation safety guarantee degree, obtained obvious environmental and social benefits.

Description

A kind of coal mine large-mining is dark prevents and treats comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal mine large-mining and deeply prevent and treat comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining, belong to colliery and prevent harnessing the riverTechnical field.
Background technology
In decades, in China, east mining area superficial part coal resources are due to closely exhaustion of long-term exploitation, most of mine turnsEnter deep and lower group coal mining, and every year with the downward deepening of 10m～25m, by the end of the end of the year 2013, the whole nation there are 47 pairs of mines to adopt deeplyReach 1000m with deeply. Deep-well and a lower group coal mining are threatened by high bearing bottom plate gushing water, for Safety of Coal Mine Production is brought serious dangerEvil. In addition, aquifer in Ordovician limestone is the important water source of industrial or agricultural and domestic water, and water bursting in mine must bring larger underground ecologyEnvironmental perturbation and infringement, have a strong impact on mining area and periphery groundwater environment and water and ensure supply. Therefore, resolve Ordovician karst water ringBorder protection and deepen coal resource safe working problem have important practical significance.
(1) China's coal-mine is adopted greatly dark and lower group of coal mining present situation
A. upper group recoverable coal reserves wretched insufficiency, but the deep and the lower group of coal that threatened by the difficult to understand grey artesian water of coal measures basement provideSource is abundant, and oil in place is huge;
B. exploit for many years with lower group of coal, superficial part resource has been adopted, adopts dark increasing and makes water bursting coefficient will reach that " colliery is anti-The regulation of harnessing the river " upper limit of defined; Adopt greatly dark mine it doesn't matter obvious upper and lower group of coal point; Upper group of coal mining is subject to height equallyThe threat of pressure-bearing Ordovician karst water;
C. extreme lack of water province, water environment and fwaater resources protection are increasingly urgent;
D. along with lower group of coal mining scale increases gradually, it is at full stretch that great Qu is connected.
(2) coal mine large-mining is dark at present prevents harnessing the river main method and existing problems with lower group coal mining
A. main method
What at present control water focus was carried out is " one side one is detected, one side one is administered, one side one evaluation, the pick of spy limit, limit,Bian Caibian visit " pattern, its main method is as follows:
------down hole drill, physical prospecting---driving---are abnormal in ground probing (checking Geophysical Anomalies district) in ground physical prospectingDistrict's grouting and reinforcing---to stope physical prospecting---to stope grouting and reinforcing, mend its water preventing ability---is set up early warningSystem and emergency preplan---back production.
B. existing problems
1. the latent especially latent moisture karst collapse col umn of (contain) water structure of leading of mine deep part is vertical point-like form and composes and deposit, and dividesCloth is irregular, and developing stratum is low, and it is very large that forward probe is verified difficulty; Once disclose or indirectly disclose and cause gushing water, make water guide energyPower enhancing causes disastrous gushing water.
2. the emphasis of in the past detecting and administer is only limited to seat earth water barrier, not and the strong artesian aquifer of ash difficult to understand, is not limited toCurrent improvement technology and the means of detecting, can't avoid large water inrush accident completely.
3. down hole drill construction exists security threat problem, and high pressure or the construction of super-pressure drilling safe are very difficult, send outBearing water is difficult to control.
4. the mine water management mode of original " one side one is administered ", is a kind of posterior mode of administering, and exists after gushing waterBe difficult to the problems such as control and production efficiency are low.
5. be applicable to small-scale exploitation, the exploiting field that can not meet fairly large exploitation is connected requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the leading coal mine large-mining of administering of a kind of overall region deeply and lower groupCoal mining control comprehensive treatment method for water.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems:
Method step of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the leading slip casting shutoff comprehensively of overall region is administered
A. ground physical prospecting
Carry out physical prospecting in described overall region, determine vertical main aperture and corresponding horizontal orientation branch thereof according to physical prospecting resultThe quantity in hole and distributing position; Described overall region is exploiting field, stage horizontal zone unit or the hydrology that cut apart by geological structureGeologic element;
B. ground exploration, in overall region, leading slip casting is comprehensively administered
The exploration of described ground is probing, checking; First at the vertical main aperture of ground construction, then deflecting enters aquifer in Ordovician limestoneAfter, then construction level oriented branch hole; Creeping into middle searching water guide corrosion solution cavity, rift structure or fissure zone;
Cause slurries to run off in a large number if meet permeable structure or fissure zone, slip casting is immediately administered;
Do not find water guide crack if enter aquifer in Ordovician limestone, continue construction level oriented branch hole, and search permeable structureOr fissure zone, find permeable structure or fissure zone or creeping in while having spillage to run off, do packer permeability test, large according to the water yieldLittle decision grouting amount and slip casting concentration, then slip casting is administered;
Described horizontal orientation branched hole enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone, is greater than with hole deviation in " band shape, pinniform, netted " mode86 ° of directions are extended along aquifer in Ordovician limestone, make originally that unrelated water guide crack, solution cavity seepage channel connect mutually in the horizontal directionLogical;
Described horizontal direction branched hole adopts horizontal direction under coal mine to creep into technology or adopt radial high-pressure water-jet flowing waterFlat Technology of Directional Drilling is holed;
(2) before the pick of down-hole, " band " pre-grouting is administered
Adopting greatly detection method dark or the lower group of exploitation coal mine heading end front employing DC electrical method and above-mentioned steps (1) entersRow forward probe, if two kinds of detection methods all exist low resistance abnormity area at same position, must adopt drilling verification to find out, and adoptAfter pre-grouting is administered, can continue driving, accomplish " not digging gushing water head ";
Reinforce seat earth shielding heading driving in driving front, first want grouting and reinforcing certain thickness roadway floorThe exhalant canal that rock stratum and shutoff are potential;
(3) in exploiting field, grouting reinforcing and territory, adjacent unworked country pre-grouting are administered
After stope excavates, adopt in face and instruct the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth with two or more physical prospectings, for creatingTerritory, adjacent unworked country driving " not digging gushing water head " condition, the every driving of support in gateway of coal mining face 50m opens a brill nest, seat earth noteSlurry strengthening reconstruction scope will, on this working face design parameter basis more than extension 30m, be carried out comprehensive slip casting and reinforce in advance;
(4) back production.
Above-mentioned steps of the present invention (1) should be implemented in the time that water bursting coefficient is greater than 0.06MPam-1; Adopt following three kinds of overall districtsThe leading governance model in territory:
A.P≤0.06MPam-1, to search shutoff water outlet vertical passage as main;
B.0.06 < P < 0.1MPam-1, the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth;
C.P >=0.1MPam-1, transforming top, grey rock stratum difficult to understand is relative water resisting layer.
The pre-grouting amount of above-mentioned steps of the present invention (1) and step (2) to reach whole project grouting amount 70% withOn.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows being changed into relatively independent by local multiple spot one side one improvement in the past that the present invention proposesBe subject to geohydrologic unit that geological structure cuts apart or exploiting field, stage horizontal zone unit, carry out overall region and administer in advance controlComprehensive treatment method for water, for organizing coal mining under dark mine and deep a kind of practicable method is provided adopting greatly, is preventingWater bursting in mine, the aspects such as protection groundwater environment and water resource obtain remarkable result, realized first " do not dig gushing water in collieryHead, does not adopt gushing water face " safety in production mode, greatly improved and adopted greatly the dark and lower group of exploitation coal mine safety guarantee degree,Obtain obvious environmental and social benefits.
The anti-guideline of harnessing the river of the present invention:
(1) anti-the harnessing the river of the leading improvement of overall region instructed thinking
A. change to " modernization overlay " from local " passage plugging "
In normal mine water management in the past, generally, by means forward probes such as thing, probings, find potential water guideAfter passage, carry out shutoff improvement. But adopting greatly under dark high artesian top news part, general small-sized rift structure or fissure zone haveMay form gushing water passage, can't solve completely verify buried structure in the situation that in current advanced detection technology, should adoptGet technological guidance's principle of region leading slip casting comprehensively transformation seat earth.
B. disperseed to administer by part and administer in advance transformation to overall region
Adopting greatly under dark high artesian top news part, normally take over for guarantee digging, adapt to the fairly large needs of adopting that melt,Break the routine of " one side one is administered ", realize more leading Regional initiatively. Regional is generally with exploiting field or largerRegion is geologic element, to ensure the normal linking of digging.
(2) the leading improvement of overall region prevents harnessing the river guideline and intension
Be due to latent permeable structure in conjunction with the nearly large portion of water bursting in mine that Handan & Xingtai iron ore area occurs during the last ten years, have gushing water amountGreatly, disguised strong, the feature that is difficult for detecting. And the gushing water that at present dark mine and lower group coal mining are adopted greatly in Handan & Xingtai iron ore area threatens andAnti-spy water technology can't meet the present situation of safety in production completely. Handan & Xingtai iron ore area at the prediction of mine water management, have that doubt mustVisit, first visit afterwards and dig, first control afterwards and adopt " on the basis of 16 word guilding principles, " active in advance, Regional, Quan Miangai are proposedMake, mining under safe waterpressure of aquifer " mine water management guideline, its essence is that region is looked in advance to control combination, first visit and first control the principle that rear pick is adopted.Its technical connotation is to adopt greatly under dark high artesian top news part, and not dig gushing water head, not adopting gushing water face is target, at seat earthLeading improvement aspect, administers with exploiting field, stage horizontal zone or the hydrogeology list that cut apart by geological structure from one side oneUnit region, even breaks boundary between ore deposit and ore deposit and carries out Regional. The leading administration way in region changes into ground from down-holeBe main, trisome unification " detects, administers, verifies " to drilling function. From operational procedure, before slip casting is administered and will be moved on to driving, withRealize the leading band of seat earth and reinforce, first control rear pick. Digging design will be transferred at Regional from local multiple spot or the face of adoptingOn basis, entirety is considered comprehensively. Anti-harnessing the river detected management goal and extended to grey strong aquifer difficult to understand by the water barrier of original every layer of base plateTop. The leading improvement of ground region is to effect a permanent cure, and digging front band slip casting and adopting face reinforcement improvement is to ensure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical main aperture of 15445 working face notes 1 of embodiment 1 and the design in 6 horizontal orientation holes of one branchSchematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the leading band slip casting of the driving of embodiment 1 schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that the adjacent not mining face of embodiment 1 is reinforced schematic diagram in advance.
In the accompanying drawings, the 1. vertical main aperture of note 1, the 2. branch of note 1,2-1 ~ 2-6. is respectively No. 1 to No. 6 water of 1 branchCalm down to branched hole, 3. tunnel, 4. coal seam, 5. boring, 6. reference lamina, 7. territory, unworked country, 8. stope, does not 9. adopt workMake face; L1. face length, L2. seat earth reinforcing scope, β. be stope edge and seat earth reinforcing scopeThe line at edge and the angle of vertical vertical line.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1(the present invention in Handan and the application of Xingtai Mining Area):
From over more than 10 years, successively there is base plate pressure-bearing gushing water 10 times in Handan & Xingtai iron ore area. Exploited No. 4 from October, 1998 in certain ore depositSince wild blue or green seam mining, all there is gushing water in 4 blue or green working faces in open country of exploitation, especially using on January 8th, 2009 as protective layerHysteresis gushing water occurs the most serious in 15423N working face goaf, gushing water amount exceedes the maximum drainability of mine, and mine is forced toStop production. Determine that according to hydrologic observation data and data of water quality monitoring gushing water water source is Ordovician karst water, gushing water passage falls into for lying concealed water guideThe post that falls, has absolutely proved the importance of the high pressure-bearing aquifer in Ordovician limestone of prevention seat earth. Adopt and deeply reach 850m with deeply, gushing water systemNumber progressively approaches " the anti-regulation of harnessing the river in colliery " upper limit (p < 0.1MPam-1), therefore, takes taking ground improvement as main, and down-hole is controlledReason is auxiliary mode, adopts technical scheme of the present invention. Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the leading slip casting shutoff comprehensively of overall region is administered
A. ground physical prospecting
Carry out physical prospecting in described overall region, determine vertical main aperture and corresponding horizontal orientation branch thereof according to physical prospecting resultThe quantity in hole and distributing position; Described overall region is exploiting field, stage horizontal zone unit or the hydrology that cut apart by geological structureGeologic element;
On the basis of Three Dimensional Ground earthquake probing in conjunction with mine hydrogeology exploration data, by limestone aquifer difficult to understand topPeak-to-peak group top is as transformation destination layer, and the various conduit pipes in the high pressure-bearing aquifer in Ordovician limestone of slip casting shutoff seat earth top, willGrey top difficult to understand transform relative water resisting layer as. Designing the northern wing-650m level two exploiting fields is unit, surveys achievement according to the existing hydrologyDesign cloth hole, arranges 4 vertical main apertures, vertical main aperture spacing 1006m; Each vertical main aperture is according to grout spreading range and needsDesign 6 horizontal orientation branched holes, cover in principle region-wide, horizontal orientation branched hole layer position grey seven pars infrasegmentalises difficult to understand. 4 verticalMain aperture and horizontal orientation branched hole are shown in Fig. 1.
B. ground exploration, in overall region, leading slip casting is comprehensively administered
The exploration of described ground is probing, checking; First at the vertical main aperture of ground construction, then deflecting enters aquifer in Ordovician limestoneAfter, then construction level oriented branch hole; Creeping into middle searching water guide corrosion solution cavity, rift structure or fissure zone.
Cause slurries to run off in a large number if meet permeable structure or fissure zone, slip casting is immediately administered.
Do not find water guide crack if enter aquifer in Ordovician limestone, continue construction level oriented branch hole, and search permeable structureOr fissure zone, find permeable structure or fissure zone or creeping in while having spillage to run off, do packer permeability test, large according to the water yieldLittle decision grouting amount and slip casting concentration, then slip casting is administered.
Application T200XD multifunctional all-hydraulic truck-mounted drilling rig top is driven and is crept into branch technique, the average rate of penetration 0.6 of rig～2.0m/min. First construct vertical main aperture to seven sections of (hole depth 971.6m) layer positions of Australia's limestone end face, then along different azimuth construction levelOriented branch hole.
The grouting and reinforcing in wild blue or green seat earth water-bearing layer is accompanied by the whole process of horizontal orientation branched hole construction, aperture noteSlurry is suppressed and is not less than 4.0MPa, and injecting paste material is taking R32.5 slag silicate cement as main, and slurries add fine coal while there is a large amount of lossAshes etc. are as auxiliary injecting paste material. Each stage of drilling operation all adopts downstriker segmenting slip casting mode, i.e. drilling operation mistakeOnce a large amount of leakages of slurries are just carried out grouting and reinforcing immediately in journey. Construct large to there is creeping into middle spillage amount after aquifer in Ordovician limestoneTime, under the prerequisite of packer permeability test, determine grouting parameter. In slip casting process, finding that there is grout leaking phenomenon takes each injected hole to combine noteSlurry mode, after slip casting finishes on last stage, cleaning bottom of hole all should be carried out in injected hole, grout leaking hole, in case hole is stifled. With final pressure 10MPa, stable30min and single hole midge amount are less than 50L/min as slip casting ending standard. In improvement, according to probing, slip casting situation, anti-in timeFeedback, continues to optimize design, by grout spreading range another orientation horizontal orientation branched hole of designing and constructing, until reach RegionalDesigning requirement.
Nan Yi-650m administers in two exploiting fields below horizontal boring accumulative total drilling depth 7434m, wherein horizontal orientation branched hole drilling depth5169m, maximum horizontal drill change reaches 836m, detects out altogether 25 of leakage points, 77689 tons of accumulative total grouting amounts.
Because horizontal orientation branched hole enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone in the mode of " band shape, pinniform, netted ", with level or nearLevel is extended along aquifer in Ordovician limestone, can find out the situation of structure within the scope of brill, and make originally in the horizontal direction without joiningThe seepage channel such as crack, solution cavity of system interconnects, and has expanded boring control range, has improved region hydrogeology condition, forDown-hole is not dug gushing water head guarantee is provided. Administer in advance in region on basis, taking No. 4 Ye Qing coal seam stopes as core,Before pick, on thing probing basis, dig the control measures of front band slip casting, eliminated gushing water hidden danger. Solve and adopted greatly dark mineUnder high pressure-bearing and latent permeable structure developmental condition, prevent Water Inrush, protection groundwater environment and produce great Qu connection problem.
(2) before the pick of down-hole, " band " pre-grouting is administered
Before adopting greatly dark or the lower group coal mine of exploitation heading end, can adopt DC electrical method and aforementioned long distance measurement new methodCarry out forward probe, if two kinds of detection methods all exist low resistance abnormity area at same position, must adopt drilling verification to find out, and adoptAfter administering with pre-grouting, can continue driving, accomplish " not digging gushing water head ".
Reinforce seat earth shielding heading driving in driving front, first want grouting and reinforcing certain thickness roadway floorThe exhalant canal that rock stratum and shutoff are potential. The lower group of ore deposit, Xingtai Mining Area exploitation No. 9 coal seams of coal, generally by slip casting diffusion radius 20mConsider, No. 9 coal digging laneway will be reinforced below transformation destination layer Benxi limestone (thickness 7.0m～9.0m) of its lower 18m～20m5m, determines rational Advance Drilling distance and seat earth reinforcing thickness with slip casting diffusion radius. Entity coal driving grouting and reinforcingScope and thickness are illustrated in fig. 2 shown below.
Grouting and reinforcing roadway floor before pick, adhere under the leading improvement principle guidance of " water breakthrough must be noted ", to front, tunnelBase plate and side direction certain limit in give grouting and reinforcing, to realize " not digging gushing water head ". If, near have the ground such as rift structureMatter anomalous body, must utilize existing tunnel to carry out pre-grouting improvement, prevents from adopting activation water outlet. Certainly, if the adjacent face of adoptingDesign Yan Kongsong lane, its dig roadway floor water barrier administer in advance reinforcing good.
(3) in exploiting field, grouting reinforcing and territory, adjacent unworked country pre-grouting are administered
After stope excavates, adopt in face and instruct the comprehensive slip casting transformation of base plate with two or more physical prospectings, adjacent for creatingTerritory, unworked country driving " not digging gushing water head " condition, the every driving of support in gateway of coal mining face 50m opens a brill nest, seat earth slip castingStrengthening reconstruction scope will, on this working face design parameter basis more than extension 30m, be carried out comprehensive slip casting and reinforce in advance. See FigureShown in 3. To ensure adjacent back production face driving " not digging gushing water head ".
(4) back production.

Claims (3)

1. coal mine large-mining is dark prevents and treats a comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining, it is characterized in that its step is as follows:
(1) the leading slip casting shutoff comprehensively of overall region is administered
A. ground physical prospecting
Carry out physical prospecting in described overall region, determine vertical main aperture and corresponding horizontal orientation branched hole thereof according to physical prospecting resultQuantity and distributing position; Described overall region is exploiting field, stage horizontal zone unit or the hydrogeology that cut apart by geological structureUnit;
B. ground exploration, in overall region, leading slip casting is comprehensively administered
The exploration of described ground is probing, checking; First at the vertical main aperture of ground construction, then deflecting enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone,Construction level oriented branch hole again; Creeping into middle searching water guide corrosion solution cavity, rift structure or fissure zone;
Cause slurries to run off in a large number if meet permeable structure or fissure zone, slip casting is immediately administered;
Do not find water guide crack if enter aquifer in Ordovician limestone, continue construction level oriented branch hole, and search permeable structure or splitGap band, find permeable structure or fissure zone or creeping in while having spillage to run off, do packer permeability test, according to the size of the water yield certainlyDetermine grouting amount and slip casting concentration, then slip casting is administered;
Described horizontal orientation branched hole enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone in " band shape, pinniform, netted " mode, is greater than 86 ° of sides with hole deviationTo extending along aquifer in Ordovician limestone, made originally that unrelated water guide crack, solution cavity seepage channel interconnect in the horizontal direction;
Described horizontal direction branched hole adopts horizontal direction under coal mine to creep into technology or adopt radial high-pressure water jet level fixedHole to drilling technology;
(2) before the pick of down-hole, " band " pre-grouting is administered
Adopting greatly detection method dark or the lower group of exploitation coal mine heading end front employing DC electrical method and above-mentioned steps (1) surpassesFront detection, if two kinds of detection methods all exist low resistance abnormity area at same position, must adopt drilling verification to find out, and adopt leadingAfter slip casting is administered, can continue driving, accomplish " not digging gushing water head ";
Reinforce seat earth shielding heading driving in driving front, first want grouting and reinforcing certain thickness roadway floor rock stratumWith the potential exhalant canal of shutoff;
(3) in exploiting field, grouting reinforcing and territory, adjacent unworked country pre-grouting are administered
After stope excavates, adopt in face and instruct the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth with two or more physical prospectings, adjacent for creatingTerritory, unworked country driving " not digging gushing water head " condition, the every driving of support in gateway of coal mining face 50m opens a brill nest, and seat earth slip casting addsGu the reconstruction scope will, on this working face design parameter basis more than extension 30m, be carried out comprehensive slip casting and reinforce in advance;
(4) back production.
2. a kind of coal mine large-mining according to claim 1 is dark prevents and treats comprehensive treatment method for water, its feature with lower group of coal miningBe that above-mentioned steps (1) should be greater than 0.06MPam at water bursting coefficient-1In time, implements; Adopt following three kinds of overall region to administer in advancePattern:
a.P≤0.06MPa·m-1, to search shutoff water outlet vertical passage as main;
b.0.06＜P＜0.1MPa·m-1, the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth;
c.P≥0.1MPa·m-1, transforming top, grey rock stratum difficult to understand is relative water resisting layer.
3. a kind of coal mine large-mining according to claim 2 is dark prevents and treats comprehensive treatment method for water, its feature with lower group of coal miningThe pre-grouting amount of above-mentioned steps (1) and step (2) that is will reach the more than 70% of grouting amount of whole project.
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