CN106050234A - Construction technique for protecting underground water in coal mining process - Google Patents
Construction technique for protecting underground water in coal mining process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106050234A CN106050234A CN201610362595.4A CN201610362595A CN106050234A CN 106050234 A CN106050234 A CN 106050234A CN 201610362595 A CN201610362595 A CN 201610362595A CN 106050234 A CN106050234 A CN 106050234A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008398 formation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction technique for protecting underground water in the coal mining process. The construction technique comprises the following steps that S001, reconnaissance is conducted on a mining area, and the positions and water distribution data of a bedding rock layer and a quaternary aquifer below a surface soil layer are determined, specifically, the bedding rock layer is located below the quaternary aquifer; S002, at least one drilled hole located below the quaternary aquifer is constructed in the surface soil layer in the mining area; S003, grouting liquid is injected into the drilled holes; and S004, after the grouting liquid is solidified, an isolation layer is formed, and the isolation layer is formed between the bedding rock layer and the quaternary aquifer or the isolation layer is formed in the bedding rock layer. By the adoption of the construction technique, dual purposes of protecting surface water and pore water in quaternary loose soils and effectively developing and utilizing crack water are achieved, the high coal recovery ratio and mining efficiency are guaranteed, and underground water losses and interference to the surface ecological environment are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of coal exploitation, particularly relate to one and in progress of coal mining, subsoil water is protected
The construction technology protected.
Background technology
China is one of country of serious water shortage in the world, only the 1/4 of world's per capita share, and western Jin, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia are the sweetest
The most only account for the 6.8% of the whole nation.The current coal mining method of China causes and arranges outside a large amount of mine water, and only State owned coal mine is every
The mine water the most up to 2,200,000,000 tons of year discharge, the most often one ton of coal of exploitation about discharges 2 tons of mine waters.Western China is composed and is deposited
Abundant coal resources, fall within ecologically fragile areas and deficient water resources.The mine water that coal mining produces at present is mainly used in
Dust removing down-hole, ground industry and the aspect such as life and ecological protection, owing to these water consumptions are limited and there is stronger seasonality
With periodically, outside remaining a large amount of mine waters, row causes water resource significant wastage.Coal resources scale exploitation makes mining area and week
Edge regions water imbalance between supply and demand deteriorates further, seriously governs the coordinated development of mining area coal resources and ecological environment and can hold
Supervention exhibition.
Research shows, the subsoil water in the overlying rock of the main coal-bearing series of China can be divided near surface soil horizon
The soil water, the pore water in Quaternary loose soils (Quaternary aquifer) and the crevice water in horizon d.Wherein, pore water is
Available groundwater resources of the mankind, and the crevice water in horizon d is stored and migrates in crack, mainly by crack closeness,
Opening width and connective control, if not having water producing fractures in horizon d, use conventional method to develop the crack in basement rock
Water is extremely difficult.
In prior art, typically by keeping the original state of underground reservoir or after water-bearing layer is destroyed, mine water is shifted
Storing, realize the protection to subsoil water, it has certain limitation to safe coal high-efficiency mining and protection of water resources in mine area
Property.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect of the prior art, it is provided that one can be effectively isolated Quaternary aquifer
With horizon d, subsoil water can be carried out the construction technology of effective Sustainable use.
Technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of construction technology protected subsoil water in progress of coal mining, and it is special
Levy and be, comprise the steps: S001: production zone is reconnoitred, determine horizon d and the 4th be to contain containing pore water
Water layer is in the position below topsoil and water distribution data, and wherein, described horizon d is positioned under described Quaternary aquifer
Side；S002: in described production zone, is positioned at the boring below Quaternary aquifer from described topsoil construction at least one；
S003: inject injection slurry in described boring；S004: after described injection slurry solidifies, form one layer of sealing coat, and described isolation
Layer is formed between described horizon d and described Quaternary aquifer, or described sealing coat is formed in described horizon d.
Further, described step S002 also comprises the steps S0021: by the subregion of described horizon d or
Zone Full pressure break makes seam, and is formed with the pressure break crack connected with described boring in described horizon d；In described step
S004 also comprising the steps, S0041: described injection slurry flows in described pressure break crack, and solidifies in described pressure break crack
Form described sealing coat.
Further, when coal-face back production, due to caving zone slump, and the Zone Full in described horizon d
Or in subregion, be formed with bedrock fracture, thus form water producing fractures development belt；Described sealing coat is formed at described water guide and splits
Between gap development belt and described Quaternary aquifer, or described sealing coat is formed in described water producing fractures development belt.
Further, complete in described coal-face back production, periodic weighting terminates, roof is caving and water guide completely
When fracture extension zone is formed, start to perform step S003.
Further, adjust the drawing speed of described coal-face, to control or to slow down described bedrock fracture to described
The trend that Quaternary aquifer is grown.
Further, the top of all or part of described water producing fractures development belt is with all or part of pressure break crack even
Logical.Further, the drilling direction of described boring and the direction of propulsion of coal-face are contrary.
Further, when injecting described injection slurry in described boring, apply pressure to described injection slurry simultaneously.
Further, described injection slurry horizontal direction flowing velocity in described pressure break crack is more than its vertical direction stream
Dynamic speed.
Further, on the length direction of coal-face, it is disposed with the most a plurality of described boring.
Further, on the width of coal-face, it is disposed with the most a plurality of described boring.
Further, described boring includes vertical section boring, bending section boring and the horizontal segment boring sequentially formed；Described
Vertical section boring extends downward the lower section of described Quaternary aquifer from topsoil, and the boring of described horizontal segment the described 4th is
The lower horizontal in water-bearing layer extends, and the boring of described bending section is connected between the boring of described vertical section and the boring of described horizontal segment.
Further, it is assumed that on the length direction of described coal-face, the length direction pressure break of every described boring
Command range is L1, the radius of curvature of described bending section boring is Lr；Then on the length direction of described coal-face, adjacent
Two described borings original position on described topsoil between distance be L1-Lr。
Further, in the direction of the width, its every side all has security control distance K to coal-face；It is assumed that described
On the width of coal-face, the width fracturing control distance of every described boring is L2, the width of coal-face
Degree is W；On the width of described coal-face, then arranged number n >=(the W+2K)/L of described boring2, wherein n takes
Integer.
Further, it is assumed that the construction safety distance of the base plate of described Quaternary aquifer is h, the most described horizontal segment boring
And distance H between described base plate >=2h.
Further, described production zone is divided into multiple stage production zone, complete one described stage mining area
After construction in territory, carry out the construction of next described stage production zone according to step S001-step S004.
Further, step S005 is also included: described horizon d will be positioned at the crevice water release below described sealing coat
And utilize.
Use technique scheme, have the advantages that
The construction technology that the present invention provides, changes conventional subsoil water methane drainage and utilization project, the distributed storage of subsoil water and fills
Fill out and adopt the Traditional Thinking protecting water-bearing layer, by the certain layer position of production zone overlying strata is reproduced, i.e. actively this layer of position is carried out
Pressure break forms it into pressure break crack through water producing fractures development belt, and slip casting forms sealing coat, on the one hand achieve surface water and
Top hole water conservation, on the other hand actively discharges bottom crevice water, it is achieved the target utilizing crevice water effective exploitation, protects
Demonstrate,prove higher coal mining rate and production efficiency, be particularly well-suited to super large working face mining, can be greatly lowered ground simultaneously
Lower swelling enters mine and causes potential safety hazard and mine drainage difficulty, reduces the loss of subsoil water and disturbs surface environment
Dynamic.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The flow chart of the construction technology that Fig. 1 provides for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the plane graph of construction drill；
Fig. 3 is the Fig. 2 cross-sectional schematic along the length direction of coal-face；
Fig. 4 is the Fig. 2 cross-sectional schematic along the width of coal-face.
Reference synopsis:
1-topsoil；2-Quaternary aquifer；3-horizon d；
31-water producing fractures development belt；4-coal seam；5-caving zone；
6-holes；61-vertical section is holed；62-bending section is holed；
63-horizontal segment is holed；7-sealing coat；8-coal-face；
A1-4-original position；Arrow B-coal-face direction of propulsion；
L1-length direction fracturing control distance； L2-width fracturing control distance；
The width of W-coal-face；K-security control distance.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the detailed description of the invention of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The most identical parts are with identical
Reference represents.
As Figure 1-4, subsoil water is protected in progress of coal mining by the one that one embodiment of the invention provides
Construction technology, comprise the steps:
S001: reconnoitre production zone, determines that horizon d 3 and the Quaternary aquifer 2 containing pore water are in table
Position below soil layer 1 and water distribution data, wherein, horizon d 3 is positioned at the lower section of Quaternary aquifer 2.
S002: in production zone, constructs from topsoil 1 and at least one is positioned at the boring 6 below Quaternary aquifer 2.
S003: inject injection slurry in by the boring 6 of pressure break.
S004: after injection slurry solidifies, form one layer of sealing coat 7, and sealing coat 7 to be formed at horizon d 3 with the 4th be to contain
Between water layer 2, or sealing coat 7 is formed in horizon d 3.
That is to say, this construction technology mainly comprises the steps:
The underground space of production zone is reconnoitred and is observed:
(1) in coal mining planning region, may suitable sealing coat be visited by the underground space of mining area for choosing
Look into, it is thus achieved that the basic datas such as mining region stratum and lithology, mining overburden hierarchical relationship and property of water-bearing feature.
The means that the exploiting field underground space is reconnoitred are based on geology and hydrogeophysical prospecting, the hydrogeology disclosed in conjunction with probing reality
Condition verifies.Detecting scope and density can be according to situations such as exploiting field topography and geomorphology, geological conditions and combine Practical Project need
Want and set.
(2) verify further the water producing fractures development belt 31 in the horizon d 3 of production zone and Quaternary aquifer 2 point
Cloth district, and the level of ground water of Quaternary aquifer 2, water quality, hydraulic pressure etc. are carried out the most dynamically observation, find out planning production zone
Groundwater occurrence feature and flowing law.
Groundwater occurrence is dynamically observed and is divided into artificial and automatic two ways with acquisition means, in conjunction with actual hydrogeology bar
Part, general sets weekly (manually) or every day (automatically) records 1 secondary data, by digital device importing data base, passes through data
Storehouse realizes being collected by the multi-source data of different times, different-format, as original hydrology geologic basis.
The design of distance boring and formation:
(1) in coal mining area, according to length and the boring 6 optimal fracturing control distances of coal-face 8, comprehensively determine
Original position A of boring 61、A2、A3、A4Deng position on topsoil 1.
(2) from topsoil 1 to the lower section construction drill 6 of Quaternary aquifer 2, and boring 6 is made to have one section to be positioned horizontally in
Four is the lower section in water-bearing layer 2.
Slip casting formation sealing coat:
Injecting injection slurry in boring 6, under a certain pressure, injection slurry can flow in boring 6 or by boring 6 inflow
In pressure break crack and bedrock fracture.After a certain time, injection slurry solidifies, and forms one layer of sealing coat 7 afterwards, and it is isolated in the 4th
It is between water-bearing layer 2 and horizon d 3, or is positioned at horizon d 3, will be located in the Quaternary aquifer 2 above sealing coat 7 and be positioned at
Horizon d 3 below sealing coat 7 is effectively closed.
By forming this sealing coat 7, cranny development in horizon d 3 can be avoided in Quaternary aquifer 2, thus protect
The pore water protected in the Quaternary aquifer 2 of top may not flow in horizon d 3.
Protected effect is evaluated:
(1) use comparative approach, do not adopt the water level in the mine water yield of time and Quaternary aquifer 2 with stope
Based on data, push away along with pressure (pressure break boring) adopts (coal-face back production) note (injecting injection slurry in boring) circulation
Enter, persistently observe according to 1 times/day of cycle, use data base tool and GIS-Geographic Information System is managed and comparative analysis, determine
The burst size of subsoil water (crevice water and pore water), determines that the water level in mine water discharge variable quantity and Quaternary aquifer 2 is steady
Qualitative or downward trend, evaluates isolation effect.When the subsoil water burst size observed in different time sections closer to, illustrate every
The isolation effect of absciss layer 7 is the best.
(2) use geophysical prospecting method, do not adopt the water level in the mine water yield of time and Quaternary aquifer 2 with stope
Based on data, advance along with pressure adopts note circulation, persistently observe according to 1 times/day of cycle, use data base tool and geography
Information system is managed and comparative analysis, determines the burst size of subsoil water, determines that mine water discharge variable quantity and the 4th is to contain
Water layer stable level or downward trend, evaluate isolation effect.When the subsoil water burst size observed in different time sections more connects
Closely, illustrate that the isolation effect of sealing coat 7 is the best.
It is preferred that also comprise the steps S0021 in step S002:
The subregion of horizon d 3 or Zone Full pressure break are made seam, and is formed in horizon d 3 and 6 connects with holing
Pressure break crack.
S0041 is also comprised the steps in step S004:
Injection slurry flows in pressure break crack, and solidification forms sealing coat 7 in pressure break crack.
When coal-face 8 back production, the rock above working seam 4 can fall to being formed caving zone 5, in the process,
Horizon d 3 subregion can deform or slump, forms bedrock fracture, thus forms water producing fractures development belt 31, and water producing fractures is sent out
Educate with the bedrock fracture of 31 contains substantial amounts of crevice water.
After coal-face 8 back production completes, by fracturing unit at topsoil 1 by all or part of district of horizon d 3
Territory pressure break, is formed with pressure break crack.This process is the active pressure break to horizon d 3, in the forming process of pressure break crack, because of pressure break
The formation in crack, the water that cannot be produced contained in horizon d 3 is actively converted to crevice water and flows out, such that it is able to carried out
Utilize.
Whole cracks or partial fracture in fracturing fracture connect with boring 6, specifically with whole in borehole-fracture or
Part connection, thus time in by injection slurry injection hole 6, injection slurry can flow in pressure break crack, and solidifying in pressure break crack
Solid becomes sealing coat 7, improves isolation effect.
It is preferred that as shown in Figure 3-4, when coal-face 8 back production, due to caving zone slump, and in horizon d 3
It is formed with bedrock fracture in Zone Full or subregion, thus forms water producing fractures development belt 31.
Sealing coat 7 is formed between water producing fractures development belt 31 and Quaternary aquifer 2, or sealing coat 7 is formed at water guide
In fracture extension zone 31.
As it has been described above, when coal-face 8 back production, the rock above working seam 4 can fall to being formed caving zone 5,
During this, horizon d 3 subregion can deform or slump, defines bedrock fracture in horizon d 3, and bedrock fracture can be led
Water, thus form water producing fractures development belt 31, containing substantial amounts of crevice water in the bedrock fracture of water producing fractures development belt 31.
Sealing coat 7 is arranged between water producing fractures development belt 31 and Quaternary aquifer 2, can be well by pore water
Separate with crevice water, it is possible to achieve to the protection of top pore water and the utilization to bottom crevice water.
According to specific circumstances, it is also possible to sealing coat 7 is formed in water producing fractures development belt 31, it is ensured that the 4th is
Pore water in water-bearing layer 2 may not flow in the water producing fractures development belt 31 below sealing coat 7, plays a protective role.
In such a case, only it is pointed to the crevice water below sealing coat 7 utilize.
It is preferred that complete in coal-face 8 back production, periodic weighting terminates, roof is caving and water producing fractures completely
When development belt 31 is formed, start to perform step S003.
When coal-face 8 back production completes, the periodic weighting produced because of back production terminates, and roof is caving shape completely
Becoming caving zone 5, the bedrock fracture in crack and rock stratum 3 is formed completely, and defines water producing fractures development belt 31, this water producing fractures
Development belt 31, also into systole, now carries out slip casting to boring 6, can improve injection slurry and form the effect of sealing coat 7, no
Can be because also affecting slip casting effect in formation water producing fractures development belt 31 or bedrock fracture.
It is preferred that adjust the drawing speed of coal-face 8, to control or to slow down bedrock fracture to Quaternary aquifer 2
The trend grown, it is to avoid the bedrock fracture in water producing fractures development belt 31 connects with Quaternary aquifer 2, and causes hole current
Enter in water producing fractures development belt 31.
Specifically, according to the expected height of water producing fractures development belt 31, determine drawing speed V of coal-face 8, pass through
Adjust the drawing speed of coal-face 8, controlled by sealing coat 7 to greatest extent or slow down to cause water guide because back production is adopted
The trend that bedrock fracture in fracture extension zone 31 is grown to Quaternary aquifer 2, the water producing fractures at sealing coat 7 is grown simultaneously
Uniformly grow with the crack in 31.
It is preferred that the top of all or part of water producing fractures development belt 31 connects with all or part of pressure break crack,
Thus sealing coat 7 is formed on the top of water producing fractures development belt 31, isolation water producing fractures development belt 31 and the 4th well
It is the contact between water-bearing layer 2, improves sealing effectiveness.
Preferably, all or part of bedrock fracture connects with all or part of pressure break crack, thus injection slurry also may be used
To flow in the bedrock fracture in water producing fractures development belt 31, sealing coat 7 is formed in water producing fractures development belt 31, improves
The sealing effectiveness of sealing coat 7.
It is preferred that as in figure 2 it is shown, the drilling direction of boring 6 is contrary with the direction of propulsion of coal-face 8.Coal work
Face 8 advances along the direction of arrow B.
Just construct before coal-face 8 advances and has holed 6, the direction of the initial position of boring 6 to final position and
The direction of propulsion of coal-face 8 is contrary.
When coal-face 8 back production, the rock above working seam 4 can fall to being formed caving zone 5, in the process,
Horizon d 3 subregion can deform or slump, thus forms bedrock fracture.
So the bedrock fracture in horizon d 3 is formed when coal-face 8 back production, it is along with coal-face 8
Back production and grow.
By boring 6 drilling direction contrary with the direction of propulsion of coal-face 8, make enforcement borehole fracturing direction of propulsion and
The mining direction of coal-face 8 is consistent, can connect with the bedrock fracture in water producing fractures development belt 31 with pressure break crack.
It is preferred that when injecting injection slurry in boring 6, apply pressure to injection slurry simultaneously.Specifically apply level side
Upward pressure so that it is flowing rapidly in boring 6, solidification forms sealing coat.
It is preferred that the horizontal direction flowing velocity that injection slurry is in pressure break crack is more than its vertical direction flowing velocity, from
And make injection slurry quickly extend formation level along horizontal direction and be isolated in water producing fractures development belt 31 and Quaternary aquifer 2
Between sealing coat.
It is preferred that as in figure 2 it is shown, on the length direction of coal-face 8, be disposed with the most a plurality of boring 6,
With in the longitudinal direction, cover all coal-face 8, improve the isolation effect of sealing coat 7.
It is preferred that as in figure 2 it is shown, on the width of coal-face 8, be disposed with the most a plurality of boring 6,
, on wide length direction, to cover all coal-face 8, improve the isolation effect of sealing coat 7.
It is preferred that as it is shown on figure 3, boring 6 includes vertical section boring 61, bending section boring 62 and the horizontal segment sequentially formed
Boring 62.
Vertical section boring 61 extends downward the lower section of Quaternary aquifer 2 from topsoil 1, and horizontal segment boring 63 is the 4th
Being the lower horizontal extension in water-bearing layer 2, bending section boring 62 is connected between vertical section boring 61 and horizontal segment boring 63.
Vertical section boring 61 is positioned at original position A of each boring 61、A2、A3、A4Place downwardly extends.Horizontal segment boring 63
In the lower section of Quaternary aquifer 2, direction of propulsion oppositely extending of its horizontally toward coal-face 8.Vertical section boring 61
It is connected by bending section boring 62 with horizontal segment boring 63.
Certainly, when construction drill 6, it is initially formed vertical section boring 61 successively, then forms bending section boring 62, eventually form
Horizontal segment boring 62.
This boring 6 also can be referred to as the boring of horizontal distance.
It is preferred that as shown in Figure 1, it is assumed that on the length direction of coal-face 8, the length direction pressure of every boring 6
Splitting command range is L1, the radius of curvature of bending section boring is Lr；
Then on the length direction of coal-face 8, between two adjacent boring 6 original positions on topsoil 1
Distance be L1-Lr。
That is to say, horizontal segment boring 63 length direction fracturing control distances in the longitudinal direction are L1, bending section is holed
Radius of curvature be Lr, the most adjacent original position A1With original position A2Between or original position A3With original position A4Between
Distance is L1-Lr, to ensure that the length direction fracturing control distance of two the most adjacent borings 6 is fully connected
Together, it is possible to achieve coal-face 8 is completely covered by boring 6 in the fracturing control region on length direction, does not have something lost
The region of leakage.
The model that fracturing control distance involved in the present invention can control for the pressure break crack formed after borehole fracturing
Enclose, it is understood that the distance can flowing to for injection slurry, specifically include the distance on the degree of depth or length direction and width side
Distance upwards.
It is preferred that as it is shown in figure 1, coal-face 8 in the direction of the width, its every side all has security control distance K.
It is assumed that on the width of coal-face 8, the width fracturing control distance of every boring 6 is L2, adopt
The width of coal work surface 8 is W；
On the width of coal-face 8, then arranged number n >=(the W+2K)/L of boring 62, wherein n round numbers.
Security control distance K can calculate according to the subsidence slope in coal seam, and it represents needs to control coal-face 8
Outside width distance.
Horizontal segment boring 63 width fracturing control distances in the direction of the width are L2, then need at coal-face
Number n >=(the W+2K)/L of boring 6 is arranged on the width of 82, guarantee covers all coal mining in the direction of the width
Work surface 8 and required security control distance thereof, have the region of omission.
It is preferred that assume that the construction safety distance of the base plate of Quaternary aquifer 2 is h, then horizontal segment boring 63 and base plate
Between distance H >=2h.Horizontal segment boring 63 is arranged on below the base plate of Quaternary aquifer 2, distance H between the two >=
2h, it is ensured that when construction drill 6, will not damage base plate.
It is preferred that production zone to be divided into multiple stage production zone, the construction in completing a stage production zone
After, carry out the construction of next stage production zone according to step S001-step S004, be finally completed executing of whole production zone
Work.
It is preferred that this construction technology also includes step S005: enter horizon d 3 is positioned at the crevice water below sealing coat 7
Row utilizes.
The construction technology that the present invention provides, the on the one hand pore water in the Quaternary aquifer on protection upper strata, on the other hand
By active pressure break horizon d so that it is forming pressure break crack, the crevice water cannot being produced in horizon d, meeting is along pressure break crack
Flow out, thus play the effect of the water actively discharged in horizon d.In exploitation process, horizon d also can be formed basement rock and split
Gap, the crevice water cannot being produced in horizon d, also can flow out along bedrock fracture, itself and the water one flowed out along pressure break crack
With constituting the mine water that can be utilized.
To sum up, the construction technology that the present invention provides, by choosing suitable subterranean geologic formations position as adopting at production zone
The sealing coat in dynamic crack, by before exploitation, formation crack in boring, by a relatively large margin when reducing back production, in horizon d
The energy that upwards conducts because adopting of crack, utilize Grouting engineering measure that boring and crack thereof are carried out horizontal orientation note simultaneously
Slurry, forms sealing coat, it is achieved effective protection of the pore water on sealing coat, reduces the exploitation losses of groundwater resources, borrows simultaneously
Help coal scale and exploit the crevice water resource that also effective exploitation is abundant, for protection groundwater in mining area resource and exploitation crevice water
Resource provides scientific and reasonable technical method.
As required, above-mentioned each technical scheme can be combined, to reach best-of-breed technology effect.
Above-described is only principle and the preferred embodiment of the present invention.It should be pointed out that, the common skill for this area
For art personnel, on the basis of the principle of the invention, it is also possible to make other modification some, also should be regarded as the protection model of the present invention
Enclose.
Claims (17)
1. the construction technology in progress of coal mining, subsoil water protected, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
S001: reconnoitre production zone, determines that horizon d and the Quaternary aquifer containing pore water are under topsoil
The position of side and water distribution data, wherein, described horizon d is positioned at the lower section of described Quaternary aquifer；
S002: in described production zone, is positioned at the boring below Quaternary aquifer from described topsoil construction at least one；
S003: inject injection slurry in described boring；
S004: after described injection slurry solidifies, form one layer of sealing coat, and described sealing coat is formed at described horizon d with described
Between Quaternary aquifer, or described sealing coat is formed in described horizon d.
Construction technology the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also comprise the steps in described step S002
S0021:
Subregion or the Zone Full pressure break of described horizon d are made seam, and is formed in described horizon d and described boring
The pressure break crack of connection；
S0041 is also comprised the steps in described step S004:
Described injection slurry flows in described pressure break crack, and solidification forms described sealing coat in described pressure break crack.
Construction technology the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that when coal-face back production, owing to caving zone collapses
Fall, and be formed with bedrock fracture in Zone Full in described horizon d or subregion, thus form water producing fractures and grow
Band；
Described sealing coat is formed between described water producing fractures development belt and described Quaternary aquifer, or described sealing coat is formed
In described water producing fractures development belt.
Construction technology the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that complete in described coal-face back production, the cycle
When pressure terminates, roof is caving completely and water producing fractures development belt is formed, start to perform step S003.
5. according to the construction technology described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that adjust the drawing speed of described coal-face,
To control or to slow down the trend that described bedrock fracture is grown to described Quaternary aquifer.
Construction technology the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that all or part of described water producing fractures development belt
Top connects with all or part of pressure break crack.
7. according to the construction technology described in any claim in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that the side of creeping into of described boring
Contrary to the direction of propulsion with coal-face.
Construction technology the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that injecting described injection slurry in described boring
Time, apply pressure to described injection slurry simultaneously.
Construction technology the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described injection slurry level in described pressure break crack
Direction flowing velocity is more than its vertical direction flowing velocity.
Construction technology the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that on the length direction of coal-face, is disposed with
The most a plurality of described boring.
11. construction technologies according to claim 10, it is characterised in that on the width of coal-face, arrange
There is the most a plurality of described boring.
12. according to the construction technology described in claim 10 or 11, it is characterised in that it is vertical that described boring includes sequentially forming
Section boring, bending section boring and horizontal segment boring；
The boring of described vertical section extends downward the lower section of described Quaternary aquifer from topsoil, and described horizontal segment is holed in institute
The lower horizontal stating Quaternary aquifer extends, and the boring of described bending section is connected to the boring of described vertical section and bores with described horizontal segment
Between hole.
13. construction technologies according to claim 12, it is characterised in that it is assumed that in the length side of described coal-face
Upwards, the length direction fracturing control distance of every described boring is L1, the radius of curvature of described bending section boring is Lr；
Then on the length direction of described coal-face, two adjacent described borings original position on described topsoil
Between distance be L1-Lr。
14. according to the construction technology described in claim 1 or 13, it is characterised in that in the direction of the width, it is every for coal-face
Side all has security control distance K；
It is assumed that on the width of described coal-face, the width fracturing control distance of every described boring is L2,
The width of coal-face is W；
On the width of described coal-face, then arranged number n >=(the W+2K)/L of described boring2, wherein n rounds
Number.
15. construction technologies according to claim 12, it is characterised in that assume the executing of base plate of described Quaternary aquifer
Work safe distance is h；
Distance H >=2h between the boring of the most described horizontal segment and described base plate.
16. construction technologies according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be divided into multiple stage to exploit described production zone
Region, after the construction in completing a described stage production zone, is carried out described in the next one according to step S001-step S004
The construction of stage production zone.
17. construction technologies according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include step S005: by position in described horizon d
Crevice water below described sealing coat discharges and utilizes.
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| CN107956225A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-24 | 中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局 | Discarded small-size coal mine top panel area administers the processing method for reducing the increment of groundwater |
| CN108894727A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-11-27 | 中国矿业大学 | The water-retaining method of ground level directional drilling slip casting closure overlying strata water producing fractures main channel |
| CN110761814A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-02-07 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Roof water control method based on presplitting and grouting modification |
| CN112302718A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-02 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Method for protecting water resource of water-bearing stratum of coal seam roof |
| CN112483172A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-12 | 中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局 | Method for artificially reconstructing water blocking boundary |
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| CN115354961A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal seam roof water plugging and ground surface settlement reduction treatment method |
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| CN107956225A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-24 | 中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局 | Discarded small-size coal mine top panel area administers the processing method for reducing the increment of groundwater |
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| CN115354961A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-11-18 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Coal seam roof water plugging and ground surface settlement reduction treatment method |
| CN115419384A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-12-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Aquifer dynamic grouting, interception and water plugging method for mining overburden rock complete breakage |
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