CN109577980B - Underground longwall working face water-retaining coal mining method based on aquifer freezing - Google Patents
Underground longwall working face water-retaining coal mining method based on aquifer freezing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109577980B CN109577980B CN201811313217.2A CN201811313217A CN109577980B CN 109577980 B CN109577980 B CN 109577980B CN 201811313217 A CN201811313217 A CN 201811313217A CN 109577980 B CN109577980 B CN 109577980B
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water-retaining coal mining method for an underground longwall working face based on aquifer freezing, which considers the overburden movement characteristic in the mining process and determines parameters such as the position, the thickness, the freezing time and the like of a freezing curtain of an aquifer before mining according to the spatial position, the mining size, the burial depth and the mining subsidence parameters of a target aquifer; stoping the working face after the frozen curtain is formed; after the working face is completely mined for a certain time, the thawing is carried out to recover the water-bearing property of the water-bearing layer. The method is simple and feasible, has reasonable design, can realize safe and efficient coal mining based on water resource protection, and achieves the coordination of resource mining and ecological environment protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water-retaining mining method under a loose aquifer of an underground coal mine, in particular to a water-retaining coal mining method for an underground longwall working face based on aquifer freezing, and belongs to the technical field of underground coal mining.
Background
With the strategic transfer of coal resources and the continuous improvement of the mining technical level in China, the coal production presents a large-scale and high-strength mining mode. However, neglecting the protection of water resources is likely to cause a series of problems of deterioration of ecological environment, such as water loss and soil erosion, land desertification, etc., and the cost and difficulty of ecological restoration after destruction are often high. In a new normal state of development of the coal industry, a coal production mode must be changed into safe, efficient, intelligent and green mining, in the coal development process, one of the basic constraints must be based on water resource bearing capacity, and safe and efficient mining is guaranteed by taking effective water retention measures in the mining process.
At present, a lot of beneficial exploration is carried out on the water-retaining mining method at home and abroad. The main key technology is as follows: (1) the height limiting or layering mining technology is used for reducing the development height of the water flowing fractured zone; (2) in the mining methods such as strip mining or room-and-pillar mining, the influence of mining is weakened by remaining a coal pillar to support overlying strata; (3) a dead zone filling mode is adopted to reduce overlying strata migration space; (4) and underground water is drained in the grouting curtain and then mined, so that flood disasters are prevented and controlled from the safety perspective, but water resources are lost, and the aquifer loses the water-containing function after mining. These techniques have problems such as low recovery of resources, low extraction efficiency, and partial loss of water resources. For western large-scale coal bases, how to realize high recovery rate and high-efficiency mining based on water resource protection is an urgent problem to be solved in the coal industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome various defects in the prior art, the invention provides the underground longwall working face water-retaining coal mining method based on aquifer freezing, and meanwhile, the overlying strata movement characteristic in the mining process is considered, so that the surrounding underground water can be effectively prevented from flowing into the mining range, the use of structures in the water-retaining process is reduced, the recovery work after the recovery is finished is facilitated, and the recovery work progress is ensured.
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a water-retaining coal mining method for an underground long wall working face based on aquifer freezing, which simultaneously considers the overburden moving characteristics in the mining process and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring hydrogeological information in a target working face range and engineering technical parameters based on overburden movement characteristics in the mining process, wherein the hydrogeological information comprises spatial positions of a target aquifer and a water-resisting layer and supply, runoff and drainage information of the target aquifer, the engineering technical parameters comprise the length L of the working face, the moving angle of bedrock in the moving direction, the moving angle gamma in the ascending direction and the moving angle β in the descending direction, and the vertical distances of the central line of the working face, the upper end of the working face, the lower end of the working face and the bottom boundary of the water-containing layer are H, H1、H2；
Secondly, determining the freezing position of the target aquifer according to the geological information and the technical parameters in the first step: in the advancing direction of the working face, the frozen curtain is horizontally distanced from the incision or contraction incision
In the direction parallel to the working surface, the distance between the freezing curtain and the upper end of the working surface is horizontal
Horizontal distance between freezing curtain and lower end of working face
Thirdly, arranging a freezing hole to form a freezing curtain at the freezing position of the target aquifer;
fourthly, after the freezing curtain is formed, the mining operation is started within the range of the target working face;
fifthly, determining the thawing time of the target aquifer according to the geological information and the technical parameters determined in the first step, and then thawing; recovering aquifer supply after thawing, and automatically recovering runoff condition.
Furthermore, in the third step, the diameter of the freezing holes is 150mm, the distance between the freezing holes is 1.2-1.5 m, the curtain width is 0.5-1.5 m, the final holes of the freezing holes penetrate into 1/4-1/3 positions of the depth of the inner part of the water-resisting layer, which is greater than the thickness of the water-containing layer, the temperature is maintained at-30 ℃ to-35 ℃, and the primary freezing time is more than 48 hours.
Further, the nth working face in the mining area is adjacent
And unfreezing after the mining of each working face is finished, and unfreezing the last mining working face in the mining area after 3 months.
And further, monitoring the water level of the working surface and the water-bearing layer within the influence range of the working surface while carrying out the stoping operation in the fourth step.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) according to the freezing water-retaining coal mining method, a water-bearing layer is frozen in a mining range according to the occurrence condition of underground water of a mine, so that a freezing wall body or a freezing ring layer is formed, the underground water after mining can be quickly restored to the original level, and water resources and the surface ecological environment are protected; (2) compared with the prior art, the method reduces the use of structures in water retention, is beneficial to realizing recovery work after the recovery is finished, and greatly reduces the influence of the mining on underground water; (3) the method has the advantages that the construction process cannot cause interference on normal production activities of a mine, and the working progress of stoping is ensured; (4) particularly in alpine regions, the method can be used for performing recovery after freezing in winter, performing unfreezing and aquifer function recovery in summer, and has high freezing efficiency and small disturbance on runoff, drainage conditions and ecology of water resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the freezing arrangement of the present invention within the confines of a coal mining face;
FIG. 2 is a cross-section A-A of the freeze arrangement of FIG. 1 above the coal mine face cut-out;
in the figure: 1. freezing the curtain; 2. freezing the hole; 3. a working surface; 4. an isochoric line; 5. an aqueous layer; 6. a water barrier layer; 7. a coal seam.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a water-retaining coal mining method for underground longwall working face based on aquifer freezing, and meanwhile considering the characteristics of overlying strata moving in the mining process, comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring hydrogeology in a target working face range and engineering technical parameters based on overburden movement characteristics in the mining process, wherein the hydrogeology comprises spatial positions of a target aquifer 5 and a water-resisting layer 6 and supply, runoff and drainage information of the target aquifer 5, the engineering technical parameters comprise the length L of a working face 3, the movement angle of bedrock in the moving direction, the movement angle gamma in the ascending direction and the movement angle β in the descending direction, and the vertical distances between the central line of the working face 3, the upper end of the working face 3, the lower end of the working face 3 and the bottom boundary of the water-containing layer are H, H1、H2(ii) a 4 is equal water level line, 7 is coal bed;
secondly, determining the freezing position of the target aquifer according to the geological information and the technical parameters in the first step: in the advancing direction of the working face, the freezing curtain 1 is horizontally distanced from the incision or contraction incision
In the direction parallel to the working surface 3, the freezing curtain 1 is horizontally spaced from the upper end of the working surface 3
Horizontal distance between freezing curtain 1 and lower end of working face 3
In the third step, as shown in fig. 2, at the freezing position of the target aquifer 5, a freezing hole 2 is arranged to form a freezing curtain 1;
fourthly, after the freezing curtain 1 is formed, the mining operation is started within the range of the target working face;
fifthly, determining the thawing time of the target aquifer according to the geological information and the technical parameters determined in the first step, and then thawing; recovering aquifer supply after thawing, and automatically recovering runoff condition.
Furthermore, in the third step, the diameter of the freezing holes 2 is 150mm, the distance between the freezing holes 2 is 1.2-1.5 m, the curtain width is 0.5-1.5 m, the final hole of the freezing holes 2 extends to the position 1/4-1/3 of the depth of the inner part of the water-resisting layer, the temperature is maintained at-30 ℃ to-35 ℃, and the primary freezing time is more than 48 h.
Further, the nth working face in the mining area is adjacent
And unfreezing after the mining of each working face is finished, and unfreezing the last mining working face in the mining area after 3 months.
And further, monitoring the water level of the working surface and the water-bearing layer within the influence range of the working surface while carrying out the stoping operation in the fourth step.
The present invention is explained in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Taking a certain mine in northwest China as an example, in the first step, hydrogeological information in a target working face range and engineering technical parameters based on overburden rock movement characteristics in the mining process are obtainedThe engineering technical parameters include that the length of a working surface is 120m, the mining height is 5m, the moving angle of bedrock along the trend direction is 73 degrees, the moving angle gamma in the ascending direction is 69 degrees, the moving angle β in the descending direction is 72 degrees, the central line of the working surface, the upper end of the working surface and the vertical distance between the lower end of the working surface and the bottom boundary of the water-containing layer are respectively 158m, H and 158m, and H are vertical distances1＝122m、H2＝176m；
And secondly, determining the freezing position of the target aquifer according to the geological information and the technical parameters in the first step: in the advancing direction of the working face, the frozen curtain is horizontally distanced from the incision or contraction incision
In the direction parallel to the working surface, the distance between the freezing curtain and the upper end of the working surface is horizontal
The freezing curtain being at a horizontal distance from the lower end of the working surface
Thirdly, arranging a freezing hole to form a freezing curtain at the freezing position of the target aquifer: freezing hole groups with the diameter of 150mm are arranged at the freezing position, the distance between the freezing holes is 1.5m, the width of a curtain is 0.5-1.5 m, the bottom end of each freezing hole extends to the position 5m inside the waterproof layer, a condensing medium in each freezing hole is saline water, the temperature is maintained at minus 30 ℃ to minus 35 ℃, and the primary freezing time is more than 48 hours;
fourthly, after the frozen curtain is formed, performing stoping operation within the range of the target working face, and monitoring the water level of the aquifer within the influence range of the working face and the working face;
fifthly, the working face is unfrozen after the recovery of the third working face is sequentially replaced by the working face, and the last working face mined in the mining area is unfrozen after three months; recovering aquifer supply after thawing, and automatically recovering runoff condition.
Claims (4)
1. A water-retaining coal mining method for underground longwall working face based on aquifer freezing simultaneously considers the overburden moving characteristics in the mining process, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, acquiring hydrogeological information in a target working face range and engineering technical parameters based on overburden movement characteristics in the mining process, wherein the hydrogeological information comprises spatial positions of a target aquifer and a water-resisting layer and supply, runoff and drainage information of the target aquifer, the engineering technical parameters comprise the length L of the working face, the moving angle of bedrock in the moving direction, the moving angle gamma in the ascending direction and the moving angle β in the descending direction, and the vertical distances of the central line of the working face, the upper end of the working face, the lower end of the working face and the bottom boundary of the water-containing layer are H, H1、H2；
Secondly, determining the freezing position of the target aquifer according to the geological information and the technical parameters in the first step;
thirdly, arranging freezing holes to form freezing curtains at the freezing positions of the target aquifer, wherein the diameters of the freezing holes are 150mm, the distance between the freezing holes is 1.2-1.5 m, and the width of the curtain is 0.5-1.5 m;
fourthly, after the freezing curtain is formed, the mining operation is started within the range of the target working face;
fifthly, determining the thawing time of the target aquifer according to the geological information and the technical parameters determined in the first step, and then thawing; recovering aquifer supply after thawing, and automatically recovering runoff condition.
2. The underground longwall face water-retention coal mining method based on aquifer freezing according to claim 1, wherein the freezing positions of the target aquifer in the second step are: in the advancing direction of the working face, the frozen curtain is horizontally distanced from the incision or contraction incision
In the direction parallel to the working surface, the distance between the freezing curtain and the upper end of the working surface is horizontal
Horizontal distance between freezing curtain and lower end of working face
3. The underground longwall face water-retention coal mining method based on aquifer freezing according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the final hole of the freezing hole extends to a position 1/4-1/3 of the depth of the inside of the aquifer, which is greater than the thickness of the aquifer, the temperature is maintained at-30 ℃ to-35 ℃, and the primary freezing time is more than 48 h.
4. The underground longwall face water-retention coal mining method based on aquifer freezing according to claim 1, wherein the target aquifer thawing timing in the fifth step is as follows: the nth working face in the mining area is adjacent
And unfreezing after the mining of each working face is finished, and unfreezing the last mining working face in the mining area after 3 months.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811313217.2A CN109577980B (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2018-11-06 | Underground longwall working face water-retaining coal mining method based on aquifer freezing |
| PCT/CN2019/108477 WO2020093813A1 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2019-09-27 | Frozen aquifer-based method for underground longwall face coal mining under water-containing condition |
| AU2019376347A AU2019376347B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2019-09-27 | A method for coal mining based on frozen aquifer for underground longwall face under water-conservation condition |
| ZA2021/02741A ZA202102741B (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2021-04-23 | Frozen aquifer-based method for underground longwall face coal mining under water-containing condition |
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| CN201811313217.2A CN109577980B (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2018-11-06 | Underground longwall working face water-retaining coal mining method based on aquifer freezing |
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| CN109577980A CN109577980A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
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| AU (1) | AU2019376347B2 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109577980B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-09-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Underground longwall working face water-retaining coal mining method based on aquifer freezing |
| CN110159267B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-06-02 | 中国矿业大学 | Water-bearing stratum sectional grouting curtain water-retention mining method |
| CN110749533B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-12-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Water-retention coal mining discrimination method based on equivalent water-resisting layer thickness |
| CN114086955A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2022-02-25 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Water-retention mining method for shallow coal seam and application thereof |
| CN113006871B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2024-01-30 | 淮北矿业股份有限公司 | Dynamic stability monitoring and early warning method for underground deep-buried curtain |
| CN113063709B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2023-06-30 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Method for determining curtain under complex aquifer condition |
| CN112832769B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2023-03-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Outburst prevention mining method of coal seam floor high-pressure-bearing water freezing method |
| CN113434819B (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2023-08-01 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for determining influence time and distance of working face mining on goaf mining vibration activities |
| CN114352287A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-04-15 | 贵州盘江煤电集团技术研究院有限公司 | Water prevention and control method for coal mining working face of coal mine |
| CN115977650A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-04-18 | 安徽理工大学 | Communication freezing system based on plane skew connection channel and construction method thereof |
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| CN106088104A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-09 | 中国矿业大学 | The construction method of manual pipe jacking associating diaphram wall supporting ultra-deep foundation pit |
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| CN109577980B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-09-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Underground longwall working face water-retaining coal mining method based on aquifer freezing |
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- 2018-11-06 CN CN201811313217.2A patent/CN109577980B/en active Active
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- 2019-09-27 AU AU2019376347A patent/AU2019376347B2/en active Active
- 2019-09-27 WO PCT/CN2019/108477 patent/WO2020093813A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2021-04-23 ZA ZA2021/02741A patent/ZA202102741B/en unknown
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| SU1763660A1 (en) * | 1980-05-14 | 1992-09-23 | В.Н.Канистеров, П.К.Кучеба, Ф.М.Киржнер, А.В.Пшеченко и Л.М.Смирнов | Method of working thick spontaneously combustible coal beds |
| CN104213932A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-17 | 中国矿业大学 | Outburst coal bed hydraulic phase change cracking cross-cut coal uncovering method |
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| CN106759245A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 中国矿业大学 | Opencut coal mine mining freezes the water-retaining method in water-bearing layer |
| CN108412498A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-17 | 山东科技大学 | Freeze sinking construction pit shaft annular causes calamity channel grouting treatment design method |
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| AU2019376347A1 (en) | 2021-05-06 |
| ZA202102741B (en) | 2022-10-26 |
| WO2020093813A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
| CN109577980A (en) | 2019-04-05 |
| AU2019376347B2 (en) | 2022-03-24 |
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