CN100560937C - A kind of thin basic rock shallow buried coal seam longwall face water retaining exploitation method - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of shallow buried coal seam longwall face water retaining mining method is particularly useful for the safety in production and the fwaater resources protection of shallow buried coal seam, determines the exploitation work plane according to coal geology metrical information data; Adopt the large scale coal wall of face length more than 200m as far as possible; Work plane adopts the above high-intensity hydraulic support of 8000kN to support; The corollary equipment of selecting for use suitable coal wall to advance fast, and adopt cycle operation, assurance coal wall day fltting speed is more than 15m; Partial stowage or the local mining height that reduces in 10～50m scope near the open-off cut zone to reduce the mining overburden through crack, make basement rock that whole changing of the relative positions formula not take place and destroy; And near first weighting zone, old top in 10～50m scope, local reduce mining height or in its corresponding face of land influence basin local slip casting make overlying strata form comparatively stable masonry girder construction to reduce the migration space of overlying strata, strengthen the mining overburden resistance effect.This method fwaater resources protection is effective, can keep the safety in production, cuts the waste, environmental protection, coal recovery rate height.

Description

A kind of thin basic rock shallow buried coal seam longwall face water retaining exploitation method

Technical field

Patent of the present invention relates to a kind of thin basic rock shallow buried coal seam longwall face water retaining exploitation method; the raising, particularly bedrock thickness of protection, improvement of the ecological environment and coal recovery rate of safety in production, mine water resource that is particularly useful for shallow buried coal seam is at the shallow buried coal seam of mining height more than 10 times.

Background technology

The refreshing mansion in China western part-Dong wins the coalfield and is located in south, the northern Inner Mongol, Shaanxi, and proved reserves reach 2,236 hundred million tons, account for 1/3 of national proved reserves, belong to one of eight big coalfields, the world, are first hundred million tons of coal production bases of China.Because the coalfield is located in the black plain desert edge of hair, on to cover unconsolidated formation thickness bigger, be 0～76.33m, average 32m, and have a large amount of diving to exist covers basal water on most of regional coal seam, mining area and belongs to this type of.Shallow embedding coal field development and regional economy sustainable development must be finished under the ecological environmental condition in continuous upgrading area, and this will carry out planting trees and grass, greening mining area energetically, check winds and fix drifting sand, and reduce soil erosion, are that graceful natural environment is built in coal field development.The construction of this environment be unable to do without water, does not have water, and life can't be survived, lack of water, and the coalfield can't be developed, and the contradiction of water conservation and coal mining is very outstanding.For so world-class big coalfield, it is particularly precious that water seems.Enough water resources are only arranged, could promote the sustainable and healthy development of coal field development and regional economy, harmonious co-existence between man and nature.

Most of coal seam, Shen Dong mining area belong to buried depth at 200m with interior shallow buried coal seam, shallow overburden, thin basement rock, on to cover thick loose aeolian accumulation sand bed be that the typical case in its coal seam composes and deposits feature, its basement rock top is generally by weathering simultaneously, the general 5～8m of severely-weathered band; The weak general thick 20m of weathered zone.In the shallow buried coal seam recovery process, no matter be the normal water burst of mine, still be that the people that purpose is carried out is sewer drainage and adopts the natural drainage of the water guide crack of formation to the coal measures aquifer with the control mine water disaster, the capital influences to some extent or destroys the aquifer, cause the significant wastage of surface water and groundwater resources, some water resources shortage mining area underground water in China western arid and semi-arid area are further run off and pollution, and groundwater level descends serious, and the desertification problem is serious day by day.Simultaneously, security incidents such as the routed sand of the routed water of top board have all taken place in many collieries in exploitation shallow buried coal seam process, normally safety in production of influence, and the anti-routed coal mining problem of water conservation is to develop the typical difficult problem that the western shallow buried coal seam of China faces always.At the typical shallow buried coal seam (bedrock thickness be generally less than 50m) of mining height below 10 times, general at present employing house pillar type coal mining method or shortwall are exploited, and goaf top plate is collapsed fall for bedrock thickness.As long as stay the coal column of the establishing unstability that do not collapse under pressure, water resource just can not run off.But at the shallow buried coal seam (bedrock thickness generally greater than 50m) of mining height more than 10 times, if still adopt above-mentioned coal-mining method, then the coal resources waste is very serious for bedrock thickness, and this is an on-the-spot anxious big problem to be solved.

Summary of the invention

At the problem that exists in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of safety in production, cut the waste, environmental protection, thin basic rock shallow buried coal seam longwall face water retaining exploitation method that coal recovery rate is high.

For achieving the above object, water retaining mining method of the present invention is:

A. determine the exploitation work plane according to coal geology metrical information data;

B. adopt the large scale coal wall of work plane tilt length more than 200m, it moves towards to advance length big as far as possible in the scope of haulage device and geological conditions permission, and is not less than tilt length as far as possible;

C. work plane adopts the high-intensity hydraulic support of support force more than 8000kN to support, and step occurs to prevent face roof, forms the gushing water passage;

D. select for use to be fit to the corollary equipment that the coal wall advances fast, and adopt cycle operation, assurance coal wall day fltting speed is more than 15m;

E. in time adopt the Local treatment measure, partial stowage or the local mining height that reduces in 10～50m scope near the open-off cut zone to reduce the mining overburden through crack, make basement rock that whole changing of the relative positions formula not take place and destroy; And near first weighting zone, old top in 10～50m scope, local reduce mining height or in its corresponding face of land influence basin local slip casting make overlying strata form comparatively stable masonry girder construction to reduce the migration space of overlying strata, strengthen the mining overburden resistance effect.

Adopt said method, the maximum dynamic deformation value that can make the mining overburden activity is less than the static deformation value, and maximum dynamic deformation value will reduce with the increase of face propulsion speed.The large scale face propulsion speed is fast more, overlying strata sink mild more, its globality is strong more, water guide cranny development degree is more little, just equal to have delayed the disrumpent feelings of basement rock comparatively speaking, prolonged its stable time that blocks water, can effectively prevent the extraction space and on cover the communication of mining overburden conduit pipe between the loose aquifer water body.Simultaneously, under the quick propulsioning condition of work plane, horizon d integral body cuts, the loose aeolian accumulation layer of sand in top can not form self mechanical structure, sink with roof is synchronously whole, cover under the effect of unconsolidated formation selfweight stress, its original structural fracture and adopt the crack and can be compacted faster and make up last, lose the effect of storage water guide, become water barrier.This method fwaater resources protection is effective, can keep the safety in production, cuts the waste, environmental protection, coal recovery rate height.

The specific embodiment

Thin basic rock shallow buried coal seam longwall face water retaining exploitation method of the present invention, the information that provides according to geological survey at first, analyze the hydrogeological parameter of overlying strata, determine the scope of coal wall exploitation and need the timely key area that adopts Local treatment, to reduce phreatic loss.Select high-intensity hydraulic support for use, guarantee in broadwall that enough support setting loads can be controlled to shear disrumpent feelingsly at first to begin, step occurs, form the gushing water passage to prevent face roof by goaf side.According to the long-term experience with mining in the coal wall, in the coal wall, guarantee stent support power more than 8000kN, can prevent effectively that face roof from step occurring and sinking or the landing unstability.Select for use to be fit to the heavy corollary equipment of high-power and high-reliability that fast pick is adopted soon, to reach the requirement that work plane advances fast.The overhaul life of work plane capital equipment is longer than the service time of a work plane, is not needing well servicing during the working face mining, to reach the requirement that work plane advances fast.Adopt regular " three or eight " or " four or six " cycle operation, be coal cutting, move frame, pushing and sliding, the coal-winning machine front roll cuts the top coal, back roll cuts ground coal, the termination feed of cutting sth. askew, the endless form of two-way coal cutting day is advanced more than 20 cuttves, cut deeply more than 0.8m, make coal wall day fltting speed more than 15m.Use the work plane technology of moving fast, realize fast guaranteeing that by tomography the large scale work plane advances fast.In time adopt the Local treatment measure, because near the open-off cut be area of stress concentration, the top board basement rock generally will take place to shear disrumpent feelings in the open-off cut side, near open-off cut, carry out partial stowage or reduce mining height, to improve the stress state of local top board, reduce the dynamic pressure destructiveness, reduce the overlying strata through crack, make basement rock that whole changing of the relative positions formula not take place and destroy, make and adopt water guide cranny development height and be reduced.According to production practices, partial stowage or the local mining height that reduces can effectively reduce and adopt water guide cranny development height in open-off cut near zone 10～50m scope.Near first weighting zone, old top in 10～50m scope, local reduce mining height or in its corresponding face of land influence basin local slip casting to reduce the migration space of overlying strata, suitably reduce mining height to reduce the migration space on basic top, helping the crack that disrumpent feelings sillar turns round in the opposite direction by work plane one side is extruded, and the extruding closing motion of this end check seam is effectively to prevent the top board infiltration or the water of bursting, and help basic top and form comparatively stable structure, thereby thin basement rock destructiveness is reduced, effectively strengthen the mining overburden resistance effect.Local slip casting in the bottom influences scope of the corresponding aquifer of Qi Laoding first weighting can effectively prevent communication aquifer, water guide crack, and the influence basin size can be determined by the fracturation angle.After work plane is adopted, coal seam goaf overlying rock absciss layer is disrumpent feelings, the rock stratum is in migration process, have vertically downward and around the work to the central horizontal migration both direction component of force that moves, its make a concerted effort with around component can form ring work plane goaf be bordering on two groups of vertical fine cracks with its trend, based on the crack around the ring work plane goaf.The tilt length of work plane is big more, it is more little to adopt the boundary effect that rock mass influences by the work plane both sides, and the rock stratum is partial to generally more based on the integral body migration, and resistance effect is good more, facts have proved that after face length reaches 200m the boundary effect of work plane mining overburden is no longer obvious.From this viewpoint, the tilt length of work plane advances length big more with moving towards, and helps water-retaining production more, so will adopt the large scale coal wall.

Claims (1)

1. thin basic rock shallow buried coal seam longwall face water retaining exploitation method is characterized in that:

A. determine the exploitation work plane according to coal geology metrical information data;

B. adopt the large scale coal wall of work plane tilt length more than 200m, it moves towards to advance length big as far as possible in the scope of haulage device and geological conditions permission, and is not less than tilt length;

C. work plane adopts the high-intensity hydraulic support of support force more than 8000kN to support, and step occurs to prevent face roof, forms the gushing water passage;

D. select for use to be fit to the corollary equipment that the coal wall advances fast, and adopt cycle operation, assurance coal wall day fltting speed is more than 15m;

E. in time adopt the Local treatment measure, partial stowage or the local mining height that reduces in 10～50m scope near the open-off cut zone to reduce the mining overburden through crack, make basement rock that whole changing of the relative positions formula not take place and destroy; And near first weighting zone, old top in 10～50m scope, local reduce mining height or in its corresponding face of land influence basin local slip casting make overlying strata form comparatively stable masonry girder construction to reduce the migration space of overlying strata, strengthen the mining overburden resistance effect.