CN112593997B - Method for extracting goaf gas through top plate high-position comb-shaped drilling - Google Patents
Method for extracting goaf gas through top plate high-position comb-shaped drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN112593997B CN112593997B CN202011442761.4A CN202011442761A CN112593997B CN 112593997 B CN112593997 B CN 112593997B CN 202011442761 A CN202011442761 A CN 202011442761A CN 112593997 B CN112593997 B CN 112593997B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting gas in a goaf through a top plate high-position comb-shaped drilling, belonging to the field of gas extraction and aiming at solving the problems of gas in a goaf fracture zone of a stoping face and gas in an old goaf after stoping is finished, and improving the use efficiency of high-position drilling to the maximum extent; the extraction method can effectively extract the goaf gas during the stoping of the coal face, can effectively solve the problem that the goaf gas is shoved to the working face at the end of the stoping of the coal face, and particularly can greatly prolong the extraction period of the high-position drilling of the top plate, remain intact after the stoping of the coal face is finished, keep continuous extraction of the old goaf gas, replace a ground goaf extraction well and improve the goaf gas extraction amount.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas extraction, and particularly relates to a method for extracting goaf gas through top plate high-position comb-shaped drilling.
Background
Coal is the main energy source of China, and accounts for about 70% of the primary energy source structure, and in a quite long period in the future, the position of the coal serving as the main energy source is not changed, and the coal industry is an important basic industry for the national economic pulse and energy safety. With the development of countries, ensuring coal mine underground safety is an important point of increasing attention of the countries. At present, about 50% of coal mines in China belong to high-gas mines and coal and gas outburst mines, and overhead plate high-position drilling is commonly adopted in China to extract goaf gas. And the high-position boreholes are all arranged in the roof fracture zone of the coal face along the coal seam in a trend way, when the coal face is mined back, the roof collapses to cut off the high-position boreholes, and the gas in the boreholes is gradually outside the negative pressure acting range and accumulated in the roof fracture zone of the goaf. By adopting the extraction method, in order to ensure the gas control effect in the goaf during the stoping, stubble pressing must exist in the high-level drilling, and the stubble pressing is generally in the range of 50-100m, so that a large number of drilling holes are invalid drilling holes, and a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are wasted; and the gas in the goaf at the side of the cut-out and frame-removing channel cannot be solved by adopting high-position drilling, and the construction difficulty of workers is increased by adopting the technologies of middle position drilling, penetrating drilling and the like. Meanwhile, after the high-order drilling is cut off, a large amount of goaf gas is reserved in the goaf roof fracture zone, so that energy waste is caused, and potential safety hazards exist. At present, in order to solve hidden danger of gas in the old goaf, the old goaf gas is mined, the ground extraction well is generally adopted for transformation, the method not only wastes financial resources, but also has the advantages of non-wide coverage range and non-uniform extraction effect. How to perform one-time construction can completely solve the problems that the gas in the goaf fracture zone of the stoping face and the gas in the old goaf after the stoping is finished are completely solved, and the maximum improvement of the high-order drilling use efficiency becomes an urgent need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of gas in the goaf fracture zone of the stoping working face and the gas in the old goaf after the stoping is finished, furthest improve the use efficiency of high-position drilling, and provide a method for extracting gas in the goaf fracture zone of the stoping working face and the gas in the old goaf after the stoping is finished by extracting the high-position comb-shaped drilling of a top plate.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting gas in a goaf through a top plate high-level comb-shaped drilling hole is characterized in that high-level comb-shaped drilling holes are arranged on a top plate of a coal face along stratum trends at two sides of a mining area roadway or a crossheading roadway, main holes of the high-level comb-shaped drilling holes are arranged in a bending subsidence zone of a coal bed top plate and are positioned in a range of 1-2m above the junction of a fracture zone of the coal bed top plate and the bending subsidence zone; selecting different branch hole arrangement modes according to the upper position of the mining surface where the main hole is located, and extracting goaf roof fracture zone gas by using the branch holes during the stoping of the coal face; and continuously extracting residual coal in the old goaf and pressure relief gas in the adjacent layer after the working face stoping is finished.
The method for arranging high-position comb-shaped drilling holes on the top plate of the coal face comprises the following steps:
firstly, drilling and tracking, namely pre-constructing inclined kilometer directional drilling in a coal bed corresponding to a high-position comb-shaped drilling area of a top plate in a construction drilling field at two sides of a mining area roadway or a gateway roadway, executing top and bottom probing during construction, grasping occurrence conditions of the coal bed according to top and bottom probing information, then designing technical parameters of main holes and branch holes of the high-position comb-shaped drilling of the top plate according to occurrence conditions of the coal bed and parameters of bending and sinking zones and fracture zones of the top plate of the coal bed, and inputting the designed technical parameters of the drilling into monitoring software of a measurement while drilling system;
secondly, constructing an uplink rock hole by adopting a directional drilling machine according to geological data and drilling requirements of a downhole test site, wherein the angle of a screw motor elbow of the directional drilling machine is not less than 1.25 degrees, constructing a drill site inner roof from two sides of a mining area roadway or a crossheading roadway to a coal seam roof bending subsidence zone, wherein the inflection point of a main hole at the bending subsidence zone is required to be positioned 10-15m beyond an O-shaped ring of a coal face, and continuing to drill upwards after the main hole enters the coal seam roof bending subsidence zone to ensure that the main hole is positioned in the range of 1-2m above the junction of the coal seam roof fracture zone and the bending subsidence zone;
thirdly, selecting different branch hole arrangement modes according to the upper part of the mining surface where the main hole is located, and when the main hole is close to the cutting hole, the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards towards the cutting hole, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards on the opposite sides of the tangential eyes, two tunnels close to the two sides are respectively constructed, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the main hole is close to the frame removing channel, the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards towards the side of the frame removing channel, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards on the opposite sides of the support removing channel, two adjacent roadways are respectively constructed, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the rest main holes are branched, two adjacent roadways are respectively constructed, the branches are obliquely downwards arranged towards the two sides of the main holes, and the distance between the branch holes is 20-40m.
And in the second step, the main hole at least covers two or more coal faces.
And in the second step, the final hole position of the main hole is positioned within the furthest-controlled coal face O-shaped ring by 30-50m.
In the second step, the distance between the main holes is controlled to be 60-80m, and the distance between the drill holes close to the cutting holes and the frame removing channels and the cutting holes and the frame removing channels is controlled to be 20-40m.
And in the third step, the included angle between the final hole position of the first branch hole of the main hole at the upper part of each coal mining and the horizontal plane of the roadway is 56-60 degrees, the branch holes cover the range of 10-20m at the two sides of the main hole, and the final hole positions of all the branch holes are positioned at the middle lower part of the fracture zone of the coal seam roof and are positioned in the O-shaped ring of the goaf.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
during the stoping of the coal face, gas in the roof fissure zone of the goaf is extracted by utilizing the branch holes; after the working face stoping is finished, the high-position comb-shaped drilling main holes of the top plate sink along with the top plate of the working face, so that the drilling main holes can be completely stored, and the old goaf residual coal and adjacent layer pressure relief gas can be continuously extracted.
The extraction method can effectively extract the goaf gas during the stoping of the coal face, can effectively solve the problem that the goaf gas is shoved to the working face at the end of the stoping of the coal face, and particularly can greatly prolong the extraction period of the high-position drilling of the top plate, remain intact after the stoping of the coal face is finished, keep continuous extraction of the old goaf gas, replace a ground goaf extraction well and improve the goaf gas extraction amount.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a top plate high comb drilling arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a top plate high comb-shaped borehole stereoscopic layout;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a top plate high comb drilling plan layout;
wherein: 1-collapse of the belt; 2-a fracture zone; 3-bending the sinkage belt; 4-inflection point; 5-coal.
Detailed Description
The top plate high-position comb-shaped drilling arrangement mode is shown in fig. 1-3, and the method mainly comprises 9 parts of drilling hole positions (mining area laneways or crossheading laneways), drilling trend (trends along stratum), main hole horizontal section arrangement positions (bent sinking zones), main hole lengths (covering two or more coal mining working surfaces), main hole distances (60-80 m), branches Kong Cengwei (middle and lower parts of coal seam top plate fracture zones), branch hole distances, branch hole lengths (covering 10-20m ranges on two sides of the main hole), branch hole final hole positions (located in O-shaped rings) and the like.
The concrete construction of the top plate high-position comb-shaped drilling is divided into the following steps, as shown in fig. 1-3:
the first step is to use a borehole tracking design method. Pre-constructing inclined kilometer directional drilling in a 3# coal bed corresponding to a roof high-position comb-shaped drilling area in a construction drilling field at two sides of a mining area roadway or a gateway roadway, strictly executing roof-probing and bottom-probing during construction, thoroughly grasping the occurrence condition of the 3# coal bed according to roof-probing and bottom-probing information, designing the technical parameters of main holes and branch holes of the roof high-position comb-shaped drilling according to the grasped occurrence condition of the 3# coal bed, the bending and sinking zone of the roof of the coal bed, the range of a fracture zone and other parameters, and inputting the designed technical parameters of drilling into monitoring software of a measurement while drilling system.
And secondly, constructing an uplink rock hole by adopting a directional drilling machine according to geological data and drilling requirements of an underground test site, wherein the angle of a screw motor elbow of the directional drilling machine is not less than 1.25 degrees, constructing a drill site inner roof at two sides of a mining area roadway or a cis-slot roadway to a 3# coal seam roof bending subsidence zone, wherein the inflection point of a main hole at the bending subsidence zone is required to be positioned 10-15m outside an O-shaped ring of a coal face, and then determining the drilling and perforating angle according to the bending subsidence zone. After the main hole enters the bending and sinking zone of the coal seam roof, the main hole continues to drill upwards to enable the main hole to be located in the range of 1-2m at the junction of the fracture zone of the coal seam roof and the bending and sinking zone, and then the main hole is adjusted according to occurrence conditions of the coal seam, so that the main hole is always located in the range of 1-2m at the junction of the fracture zone of the coal seam roof and the bending and sinking zone.
And thirdly, determining the length of the main hole according to the number of the covered working surfaces required at a time, and generally covering at least two or more coal mining working surfaces. The final hole position of the main hole is positioned within 30-50m of the O-shaped ring of the furthest coal face.
Selecting different branch hole arrangement modes according to the upper part of the mining surface where the main hole is located, and uniformly arranging the branches downwards obliquely and obliquely towards the cutting hole when the main hole is close to the cutting hole, wherein the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards on the opposite sides of the tangential eyes, two tunnels close to the two sides are respectively constructed, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the main hole is close to the frame removing channel, the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards towards the side of the frame removing channel, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards on the opposite sides of the support removing channel, two adjacent roadways are respectively constructed, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the rest main holes are branched, two adjacent roadways are respectively constructed, the branches are obliquely downwards arranged towards the two sides of the main holes, and the distance between the branch holes is 20-40m. The included angle between the final hole position of the first branch hole of the main hole at the upper part of each mining surface and the horizontal plane of the roadway is 56-60 degrees, the branch holes cover the range of 10-20m at the two sides of the main hole, and the final hole positions of all branch holes are positioned at the middle lower part of the fracture zone of the coal seam roof and are positioned in the O-shaped ring of the goaf.
And fifthly, controlling the distance between the main holes to be in the range of 60-80m, controlling the distance between the drill holes close to the cutting holes and the frame removing channels and the distance between the drill holes close to the cutting holes and the frame removing channels to be in the range of 20-40m, wherein the specific distance can be determined according to the range of the O-shaped ring of the goaf.
Sixthly, paying attention to the rotation pressure and the pressure change condition of the water pump at any time in the drilling process, so as to ensure the smoothness of the inside of the hole; and flexibly adjust drilling process parameters according to formation changes. Meanwhile, the drill holes are measured and inclined once at intervals of 3-5m, and the deflection angle rate of each 3-5m is not more than 1 degree.
Seventhly, in the drilling process, punching holes in situ after 30m rotation and 30min of each construction are performed, and strictly forbidden; every 15m of punching holes in the rod withdrawing process, the punching effect is good.
Claims (5)
1. A method for extracting gas in a goaf through a top plate high-level comb-shaped drilling hole is characterized in that high-level comb-shaped drilling holes are arranged on a top plate of a coal face along stratum trends at two sides of a mining area roadway or a crossheading roadway, main holes of the high-level comb-shaped drilling holes are arranged in a bending subsidence zone of a coal bed top plate and are positioned in a range of 1-2m above the junction of a fracture zone of the coal bed top plate and the bending subsidence zone; selecting different branch hole arrangement modes according to the upper position of the mining surface where the main hole is located, and extracting goaf roof fracture zone gas by using the branch holes during the stoping of the coal face; continuously extracting residual coal in the old goaf and pressure relief gas in the adjacent layer after the working face extraction is finished;
the method is characterized in that: the method for arranging high-position comb-shaped drilling holes on the top plate of the coal face comprises the following steps:
firstly, drilling and tracking, namely pre-constructing inclined kilometer directional drilling in a coal bed corresponding to a high-position comb-shaped drilling area of a top plate in a construction drilling field at two sides of a mining area roadway or a gateway roadway, executing top and bottom probing during construction, grasping occurrence conditions of the coal bed according to top and bottom probing information, then designing technical parameters of main holes and branch holes of the high-position comb-shaped drilling of the top plate according to occurrence conditions of the coal bed and parameters of bending and sinking zones and fracture zones of the top plate of the coal bed, and inputting the designed technical parameters of the drilling into monitoring software of a measurement while drilling system;
secondly, constructing an uplink rock hole by adopting a directional drilling machine according to geological data and drilling requirements of a downhole test site, wherein the angle of a screw motor elbow of the directional drilling machine is not less than 1.25 degrees, constructing a drill site inner roof from two sides of a mining area roadway or a crossheading roadway to a coal seam roof bending subsidence zone, wherein the inflection point of a main hole at the bending subsidence zone is required to be positioned 10-15m beyond an O-shaped ring of a coal face, and continuing to drill upwards after the main hole enters the coal seam roof bending subsidence zone to ensure that the main hole is positioned in the range of 1-2m above the junction of the coal seam roof fracture zone and the bending subsidence zone;
thirdly, selecting different branch hole arrangement modes according to the upper part of the mining surface where the main hole is located, and when the main hole is close to the cutting hole, the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards towards the cutting hole, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards on the opposite sides of the tangential eyes, two tunnels close to the two sides are respectively constructed, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the main hole is close to the frame removing channel, the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards towards the side of the frame removing channel, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the branches are uniformly arranged obliquely downwards on the opposite sides of the support removing channel, two adjacent roadways are respectively constructed, and the distance between the branch holes is 40-80m; when the rest main holes are branched, two adjacent roadways are respectively constructed, the branches are obliquely downwards arranged towards the two sides of the main holes, and the distance between the branch holes is 20-40m.
2. The method for extracting goaf gas through top plate high comb-shaped drilling, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the main hole at least covers two or more coal faces.
3. The method for extracting goaf gas through top plate high comb-shaped drilling, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the second step, the final hole position of the main hole is positioned within the furthest-controlled coal face O-shaped ring by 30-50m.
4. The method for extracting goaf gas through top plate high comb-shaped drilling, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the distance between the main holes is controlled to be 60-80m, and the distance between the drill holes close to the cutting holes and the frame removing channels and the cutting holes and the frame removing channels is controlled to be 20-40m.
5. The method for extracting goaf gas through top plate high comb-shaped drilling, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the included angle between the final hole position of the first branch hole of the main hole at the upper part of the mining surface and the horizontal plane of the roadway is 56-60 degrees, the branch holes cover the range of 10-20m on the two sides of the main hole, and the final hole positions of all the branch holes are positioned at the middle lower part of the fracture zone of the coal seam roof and are positioned in the O-shaped ring of the goaf.
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| CN115263264B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2023-11-07 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Efficient extraction method for gas coordination of close-range coal seam group mining layer and adjacent layer |
| CN115387774B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2023-08-08 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Multi-purpose full-time space efficient gas control method for working face of protruding coal seam |
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| CN102031950B (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-02-15 | 煤炭科学研究总院西安研究院 | Hole-forming process method for comb gas extraction borehole in coal seam roof |
| CN107083988B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2019-10-25 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Mining induced fissure band gas drainage technical method based on km directional drilling |
| CN108506037B (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-10-01 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Coal working face top plate high position directional drilling group's pressure relief gas pumping mining method |
| CN110645040A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-03 | 郑州慧矿智能科技有限公司 | Outburst coal seam 'Wuding' gas treatment method based on directional drilling machine |
| CN111594258A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Technical method for quickly extracting gas to reach standard by using broken soft low-permeability outburst coal seam instead of roadway through holes |
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