CN113434819B - Method for determining influence time and distance of working face mining on goaf mining vibration activities - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining influence time and distance of mining face mining on mining vibration activity of a goaf, which comprises the steps of selecting a mining vibration statistical interval, collecting mining vibration signals in the goaf in the mining process of the working face by using a mine micro-vibration monitoring system, and determining the position and energy of a vibration source; counting total daily ore vibration energy and total daily frequency in a counting interval when the working face is far away from the goaf; drawing a change curve of total daily ore vibration energy and total daily ore vibration frequency in a statistical interval along with the working surface distance time and distance by taking the working surface distance time as an abscissa and taking the total daily ore vibration energy or total daily ore vibration frequency in the statistical interval along with the working surface distance time and distance as an ordinate; normalizing the total energy and total frequency curves of the two daily mine shakes, and respectively determining the influence time and the influence distance of the work surface on the mine shake activity in the statistical interval according to the normalized distribution curves of the total energy and the total frequency of the mine shakes; and selecting the maximum value of the result determined by the two curves as the time and the distance of the influence of the mining on the goaf ore vibration activity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining influence time and distance of mining face mining on goaf mining vibration activities, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety.
Background
Along with the gradual increase of mining scale, mining depth and mining geological complexity, the stress environment of a stope is continuously deteriorated, dynamic disasters such as rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like frequently occur, and the safety production of mines and the life safety of personnel are seriously threatened. The mine earthquake is an earthquake induced in the mining process, the working surface and the roadway are affected by local structural stress, additional mining stress and ground stress field change, a high stress concentration area is formed in a local zone, under the action-load induction condition in the mining process of the working surface, energy is rapidly and violently released, strong ground shaking and shaking are caused, and when the mine earthquake reaches a certain energy level, power phenomena such as impact appearance and the like are possibly caused, so that the mine earthquake is also an important cause for causing ground subsidence, and the safety of personnel on the working surface and the normal and effective stoping of the working surface are seriously threatened. The method has the advantages that the influence time and the influence distance of mining on the mining vibration activity of the goaf are determined, and the method has important significance for the implementation of mining layout and prevention danger solving measures of the working face, particularly the working face with stoping at two sides of the goaf and the working face with rock burst and coal and gas outburst danger in the deep part. The traditional theoretical analysis method and the on-site stress monitoring method cannot simultaneously determine the influence time and distance of mining of the working face on the mining vibration activity of the goaf, further cannot effectively provide valuable references and data for normal stoping of the adjacent working face of the goaf, and cannot provide reasonable countermeasures for preventing and relieving the danger of rock burst.
At present, most mines, particularly dangerous mines with disasters such as rock burst and the like, are provided with different types of microseismic monitoring systems, so that mine microseismic events can be effectively monitored, a microseismic monitoring technology is an important means for researching dynamic disasters such as rock burst and the like, but no reasonable method for accurately judging the influence time and distance of working face mining on goaf mining and earthquake activities by using the microseismic monitoring systems at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for determining the influence time and the distance of the mining operation of the working face on the mining vibration activity of the goaf, which can simultaneously determine the influence time and the distance of the mining operation of the working face on the mining vibration activity of the goaf without additionally adding monitoring equipment, thereby effectively providing data support for normal stoping of the adjacent working face of the goaf and prevention and danger elimination of rock burst.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for determining influence time and distance of mining on goaf mining vibration activity comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Normal stoping of coal faceThen, selecting the distance cut hole to be L in the goaf 1 The position of the mining line is used as a starting position, and a section with the length L of the mining direction along the working surface is determined as an ore vibration statistical section;
(2) Starting when the working face is closest to the mine earthquake statistics interval, continuously acquiring a plurality of mine earthquake signals of a goaf in the process that the working face is mined back every day and gradually gets away from the mine earthquake statistics interval by using a mine microseism monitoring system, and respectively determining the positions and the energies of the mine earthquake sources by utilizing a longitudinal wave first time entry method and an energy density method;
(3) According to the mining vibration source position and energy in the goaf during the daily stoping of the working face obtained in the step (2), counting the total daily vibration frequency Q and total energy E in the mining vibration counting interval, and recording the daily stoping distance of the working face;
(4) Taking the time (in days) of stoping the working face and gradually separating from the mining vibration statistical interval as an abscissa, taking the total daily mining vibration energy E in the mining vibration statistical interval and the distance L between the mining vibration statistical interval and the working face every day 2 The total daily mining vibration energy E in the mining vibration statistical interval and the distance L between the mining vibration statistical interval and the working surface every day are drawn as the ordinate 2 A change curve along with the stoping time of the working face; at the same time, the same abscissa is used for counting the total daily mineral vibration frequency Q in the interval and the distance L between each day of the interval and the working surface 2 The total daily vibration frequency Q in the vibration statistical interval and the distance L between the vibration statistical interval and the working surface every day are drawn as the ordinate 2 A change curve along with the stoping time of the working face; wherein the distance L between each day of the mining vibration statistics interval and the working surface 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
L 2 ＝a 1 +a 2 +a 3 +…+a i +…+a m
wherein a is i The extraction distance is the i-th day of the working face; m is the total number of days of working face stoping in a statistical time range;
(5) Carrying out normalization processing on the two daily ore vibration total energies and the daily ore vibration total frequency drawn in the step (4) by dividing the change curve data of the mining vibration statistical interval along with the working surface every day by the maximum value of each ordinate, and respectively obtaining a daily ore vibration total frequency normalization distribution curve and a daily ore vibration total energy normalization distribution curve;
(6) And respectively determining data of the total daily ore vibration frequency relative value and the total daily ore vibration energy relative value which are greater than or equal to 10% in the two normalized distribution curves as the range of the total daily ore vibration frequency and the total daily ore vibration energy which are influenced by mining on the working face in the ore vibration statistical interval, taking the abscissa and the corresponding ordinate corresponding to the relative value which are equal to 10%, namely the influence time and the distance of mining on the mining vibration in the mining vibration statistical interval, which are respectively determined by the total daily ore vibration frequency and the total daily ore vibration energy, finally taking the maximum value of the influence time and the distance, which are determined in the two, and finally determining the influence time and the distance of mining on the mining vibration in the goaf mining vibration statistical interval.
Further, consider the distance L of advance at the working surface 1 Before being smaller than the inclined length of the working face (i.e. before the first 'square'), the roof is not sufficiently moved, and the goaf overlying rock movement and the mine earthquake movement degree are lower, so that L in the step (1) 1 The trend length is larger than the trend length of the working face, and the range of the trend length L is 50-200 m in consideration of the fact that the period step-by-step distance of the working face is generally 15-30 m and the necessity of regional statistics of the influence degree of mining of the working face on the mining vibration activity of the goaf.
Further, the specific calculation method for normalizing the total daily ore vibration energy and the total daily ore vibration frequency in the step (5) comprises the following steps:
Q max ＝max(Q i ),i＝0,1,2,…,m
E max ＝max(E i ),i＝0,1,2,…,m
in which Q max Is the total daily ore earthquake in the ore earthquake statistical areaFrequency maximum, one; e (E) max The maximum value of total daily ore earthquake energy, J, in the ore earthquake statistical region; r (O) i ) Dividing the total daily ore vibration frequency in the ore vibration statistics interval by the relative value of the maximum value of the total daily ore vibration frequency; r (E) i ) The total daily ore vibration energy is divided by the maximum value of the total daily ore vibration energy in the ore vibration statistical interval.
Further, the extraction distance of the working surface per day is 0 m-10 m. When the extraction distance is 0m, the working face is not advanced.
Compared with the prior art, the method utilizes the existing mine micro-seismic monitoring system in the pit to firstly determine the position and the range of the mine seismic statistic interval, then uses the time that the working face is closest to the mine seismic statistic interval as the start, and utilizes the mine micro-seismic monitoring system to continuously collect a plurality of mine seismic signals of the working face which are mined back every day and gradually far away from a goaf in the process of the mine seismic statistic interval, and respectively determine the position and the energy of each mine seismic source after processing; then, counting total daily ore vibration frequency Q and total energy E in an ore vibration counting interval, and recording the extraction distance of a working face every day; taking the time of stoping the working face and gradually keeping away from the mining earthquake statistical interval as an abscissa, taking the total daily mining earthquake frequency Q or total daily mining earthquake energy E in the mining earthquake statistical interval and the distance L between each day of the mining earthquake statistical interval and the working face as the total daily mining earthquake frequency Q 2 Respectively drawing total daily earthquake frequency Q or total daily earthquake energy E in the earthquake statistical interval and distance L between each day of the earthquake statistical interval and the working surface as ordinate 2 A change curve graph along with the stoping time of the working face; respectively determining the maximum value of total daily ore vibration energy and total daily ore vibration frequency in the two graphs, dividing the two graphs by the respective maximum value for normalization treatment, and respectively obtaining a total daily ore vibration frequency normalization distribution curve and a total daily ore vibration energy normalization distribution curve; and taking corresponding abscissa values and corresponding ordinate values of which the relative values are equal to 10% from the two normalization curves, namely the influence time and the distance of the mining face mining operation on the mining vibration in the mining vibration statistical interval, which are respectively determined by the total daily mining vibration frequency and the total daily mining vibration energy, and finally taking the maximum value of the two, and finally determining the influence time and the distance of the mining face mining operation on the mining vibration in the mining vibration statistical interval of the goaf. The invention does not need to be additionally addedBy adding the monitoring equipment, the influence time and distance of mining of the working face on the mining vibration activity of the goaf can be determined at the same time, and then data support is provided for normal stoping of the adjacent working face of the goaf and rock burst prevention and danger elimination.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a calculation process for determining influence time and distance of mining face mining on occurrence of mine earthquake in a mine earthquake statistical interval;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the total daily frequency of the mine earthquake and the distance of the working face from the mine earthquake statistical interval plotted in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the total daily seismic energy and the distance of the working surface from the seismic statistical interval over time plotted in example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the normalized daily total frequency of the mine earthquake in the mine earthquake statistical interval plotted in example 1, and the distance between the working face and the mine earthquake statistical interval over time;
fig. 5 is a graph of normalized daily total energy of the mine earthquake in the mine earthquake statistical interval plotted in example 1, and the distance between the working face and the mine earthquake statistical interval is changed with time.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below.
Example 1:
aiming at a microseismic monitoring system installed in a certain mine in a bine mining area, wherein the inclination length of a working face is 180m, the mining height is 9.0m on average by adopting a fully-mechanized coal mining method, the influence time and the distance of mining of the working face on occurrence of mine earthquake in a mine earthquake statistical interval are determined by adopting the invention, and the specific steps are as follows:
(1) After the coal face normally stopes for 300m, selecting a distance cut hole to be L in a goaf 1 The position of 200m is taken as a starting position, and a section with the length of L=100deg.M along the stope direction of the working surface is determined as a mining earthquake statistical section;
(2) Starting when the working face is closest to the mine earthquake statistics interval, continuously acquiring a plurality of mine earthquake signals of a goaf in the process that the working face is mined back every day and gradually gets away from the mine earthquake statistics interval by using a mine microseism monitoring system, and respectively determining the positions and the energies of the mine earthquake sources by utilizing a longitudinal wave first time entry method and an energy density method;
(3) According to the mining vibration source position and energy in the goaf during the daily stoping of the working face obtained in the step (2), counting the total daily vibration frequency Q and total energy E in the mining vibration counting interval, and recording the daily stoping distance of the working face;
(4) Taking the time (in days) of stoping the working face and gradually separating from the mining vibration statistical interval as an abscissa, taking the total daily mining vibration energy E in the mining vibration statistical interval and the distance L between the mining vibration statistical interval and the working face every day 2 The total daily mining vibration energy E in the mining vibration statistical interval and the distance L between the mining vibration statistical interval and the working surface every day are drawn as the ordinate 2 A change curve along with the stoping time of the working face; at the same time, the same abscissa is used for counting the total daily mineral vibration frequency Q in the interval and the distance L between each day of the interval and the working surface 2 The total daily vibration frequency Q in the vibration statistical interval and the distance L between the vibration statistical interval and the working surface every day are drawn as the ordinate 2 The profile as a function of working face recovery time is shown in figures 2 and 3. Wherein the distance L between each day of the mining vibration statistics interval and the working surface 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
L 2 ＝3.85+2.9+3.75+…+2.5＝308.78m
(5) Respectively determining the maximum value of each ordinate in the two curves drawn in the step (4), wherein the maximum value Q of the total frequency of the daily mine earthquake max For 41 days, maximum value E of total energy of ore vibration max Is 3.04 multiplied by 10 5 J, respectively dividing the change curve data of the total daily ore vibration energy and the total daily ore vibration frequency along with the distance from the ore vibration statistics interval of the working surface every day by the maximum value of the respective ordinate to perform normalization processing to respectively obtain a total daily ore vibration frequency normalization distribution curve and a total daily ore vibration energy normalization distribution curve, as shown in fig. 4 and 5;
(6) The method comprises the steps of taking data of a total daily ore vibration frequency relative value and a total daily ore vibration energy relative value which are greater than or equal to 10% in two normalized distribution curves to respectively determine the range of the total daily ore vibration frequency and the total daily ore vibration energy affected by mining face in an ore vibration statistical interval, taking an abscissa and an ordinate corresponding to the relative value which are equal to 10%, namely the influence time and the distance of mining face mining on the ore vibration in the ore vibration statistical interval, which are respectively determined by the total daily ore vibration frequency and the total daily ore vibration energy, wherein the influence time and the distance determined by the total ore vibration frequency are 46 days and 205m, the influence time and the distance determined by the total ore vibration energy are 48 days and 210m, finally taking the maximum value of the influence time and the distance determined by the total ore vibration energy, and finally determining the influence time and the distance of mining face mining on the ore vibration in the mining face mining space, namely the mining face mining time on the mining face is 48 days, and the influence distance of the mining face mining area is 210m.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for determining influence time and distance of mining on goaf mining vibration activity is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) After normal stoping of the coal face, selecting a distance cut hole L in the goaf 1 The position of the mining line is used as a starting position, and a section with the length L of the mining direction along the working surface is determined as an ore vibration statistical section;
(2) Starting when the working face is closest to the mine earthquake statistics interval, continuously acquiring a plurality of mine earthquake signals of a goaf in the process that the working face is mined back every day and gradually gets away from the mine earthquake statistics interval by using a mine microseism monitoring system, and respectively determining the positions and the energies of the mine earthquake sources by utilizing a longitudinal wave first time entry method and an energy density method;
(3) According to the mining vibration source position and energy in the goaf during the daily stoping of the working face obtained in the step (2), counting the total daily vibration frequency Q and total energy E in the mining vibration counting interval, and recording the daily stoping distance of the working face;
(4) Taking the time of stoping the working face and gradually keeping away from the mining earthquake statistical interval as an abscissa, taking the total daily mining earthquake energy E in the mining earthquake statistical interval and the distance L between the mining earthquake statistical interval and the working face every day 2 The total daily mining vibration energy E in the mining vibration statistical interval and the distance L between the mining vibration statistical interval and the working surface every day are drawn as the ordinate 2 A change curve along with the stoping time of the working face; at the same time, the same abscissa is used for counting the total daily mineral vibration frequency Q in the interval and the distance L between each day of the interval and the working surface 2 The total daily vibration frequency Q in the vibration statistical interval and the distance L between the vibration statistical interval and the working surface every day are drawn as the ordinate 2 A change curve along with the stoping time of the working face; wherein the distance L between each day of the mining vibration statistics interval and the working surface 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
L 2 ＝a 1 +a 2 +a 3 +…+a i +…+a m
wherein a is i The extraction distance is the i-th day of the working face; m is the total number of days of working face stoping in a statistical time range;
(5) Carrying out normalization processing on the two daily ore vibration total energies and the daily ore vibration total frequency drawn in the step (4) by dividing the change curve data of the mining vibration statistical interval along with the working surface every day by the maximum value of each ordinate, and respectively obtaining a daily ore vibration total frequency normalization distribution curve and a daily ore vibration total energy normalization distribution curve;
(6) And respectively determining data of the total daily ore vibration frequency relative value and the total daily ore vibration energy relative value which are greater than or equal to 10% in the two normalized distribution curves as the range of the total daily ore vibration frequency and the total daily ore vibration energy which are influenced by mining on the working face in the ore vibration statistical interval, taking the abscissa and the corresponding ordinate corresponding to the relative value which are equal to 10%, namely the influence time and the distance of mining on the mining vibration in the mining vibration statistical interval, which are respectively determined by the total daily ore vibration frequency and the total daily ore vibration energy, finally taking the maximum value of the influence time and the distance, which are determined in the two, and finally determining the influence time and the distance of mining on the mining vibration in the goaf mining vibration statistical interval.
2. The method for determining the influence time and distance of mining operations on goaf ore vibration activities according to claim 1, wherein L in said step (1) 1 Is larger than the inclined length of the working surface, and the trend length L is 50-200 m.
3. The method for determining the influence time and distance of mining on goaf mining vibration activities by working face mining according to claim 1, wherein the specific calculation method for daily mining vibration total energy normalization and daily mining vibration total frequency normalization in the step (5) is as follows:
Q max ＝max(Q i ),i＝0,1,2,…,m
E max ＝max(E i ),i＝0,1,2,…,m
in which Q max The total frequency of daily mine earthquake in the mine earthquake statistical area is the maximum value; e (E) max The maximum value of total daily ore earthquake energy, J, in the ore earthquake statistical region; r (Q) i ) Dividing the total daily ore vibration frequency in the ore vibration statistics interval by the relative value of the maximum value of the total daily ore vibration frequency; r (E) i ) The total daily ore vibration energy is divided by the maximum value of the total daily ore vibration energy in the ore vibration statistical interval.
4. The method for determining the influence time and distance of mining on goaf mining vibration activities according to claim 1, wherein the extraction distance of the working face per day is 0-10 m.
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