CN209761499U - Roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system - Google Patents
Roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a roof hydrofracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system, which relates to the technical field of mining engineering and solves the technical problems of monitoring the hydrofracturing effect of a roof and determining the fracturing range, wherein the monitoring equipment comprises a drilling stress meter, a bolt and anchor cable dynamometer, a drilling peeping instrument, a roof monitor, a support resistance measuring station, a micro-seismic measuring station and a surrounding rock deformation measuring station, the drilling stress meter is arranged in a stoping roadway, the bolt and anchor cable dynamometer is arranged in the range of 10m around the hydrofracturing position, the drilling peeping instrument comprises a peeping probe, a data acquisition instrument, a displacement inductor, a coil and an extension rod, the development crack state of a drilling hole before and after the hydrofracturing in the hydrofracturing range, the deformation displacement of the roadway, the micro-seismic event, the support resistance and the stress change of the surrounding rock are used for judging the hydrofracturing effect and the fracturing range, and the reliability of the multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring is high, the hydraulic fracturing effect is judged accurately, and the dynamic disaster of the top plate can be avoided to ensure the mining safety.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the mining engineering technique and specifically relates to a many parameters integrated monitoring system of roof hydrofracturing.
Background
With the gradual deep development of coal mining mines in China, the strength and frequency of coal mine roof dynamic disasters are obviously increased due to the complex deep mechanical environment and the change of the mechanical properties of coal rocks. According to statistics, the number of roof accidents and the proportion of dead people are large in various accidents in coal mines, and the roof accidents and the dead people are key prevention and control objects in the coal mine accidents. Along with the increase of the underground stope range, if the hard roof above the coal seam can not be timely collapsed along with the propulsion of the working face, the hard roof is suspended at the rear of the working face to expose a roof rock stratum or a hard roof at the lateral mining area side, and the hard roof is bent and deformed under the action of the self-weight stress and the mining-induced stress of the overlying rock stratum and accumulates energy. When the elastic energy participates in the coal seam failure and instability process, the broken coal seam has more kinetic energy, and further the coal seam impact risk is increased. Under such conditions, if the conditions for accumulating energy on the top plate can be changed in time or the ability to continuously transmit energy can be destroyed, the risk of dynamic pressure disaster on the top plate can be reduced. The weakening treatment technology for covering a hard top plate on a coal seam mainly comprises a deep hole blasting technology and a top plate hydraulic fracturing technology. The top plate deep hole pressure relief blasting technology can only be used in a low gas area, and has the restriction factors of large process difficulty such as deep hole charging, hole sealing and the like, difficult processing of a blind bomb and the like; the on-site construction design parameters of the roof hydraulic fracturing technology can be obtained through numerical simulation and theoretical calculation, but the pressure parameters such as the crack propagation condition of fracturing and the stress transfer rule are difficult to obtain, and further the evaluation of the roof hydraulic fracturing pressure relief effect cannot be carried out. Therefore, in order to better evaluate the hydraulic fracturing effect of the roof plate and optimize the hydraulic fracturing technical parameters, further improvement on the existing monitoring technology is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For solving the technical problem of reliable roof hydraulic fracturing effect monitoring, the utility model provides a roof hydraulic fracturing many parameters integrated monitoring system, concrete technical scheme as follows.
A roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system comprises monitoring equipment, a monitoring system and a monitoring system, wherein the monitoring equipment comprises a drilling stress meter, an anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer, a drilling peeping instrument, a roof monitor, a support resistance measuring station, a micro-seismic measuring station and a surrounding rock deformation measuring station; the drilling stress meter is arranged in the stoping roadway, and the drilling stress meters are respectively arranged on two sides of the hydraulic fracturing hole; the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer is arranged in the mining roadway on two sides of the hydraulic fracturing hole; the drilling peeping instrument comprises a peeping probe, a data acquisition instrument, a displacement inductor, a coil and an extension rod; the roof monitor is arranged in the stoping roadway and used for monitoring the roof separation amount and the roof sinking amount of the roof; the support resistance measuring station comprises measuring points which are arranged in the working surface at intervals; the microseismic monitoring station comprises a whole mine microseismic monitoring system and a regional microseismic monitoring system, wherein the regional microseismic monitoring system comprises a plurality of microseismic measuring points arranged in a stoping roadway; the surrounding rock deformation measuring station is arranged in the stoping roadway and used for monitoring the surrounding rock deformation of the stoping roadway.
Preferably, the peeping probe of the drilling peeping instrument is arranged at the end part of the extension rod, and the extension rods are combined and lengthened through threaded connection; the peeking probe and the displacement sensor are connected with the data acquisition instrument through a data line; the coil is arranged on the data line and used for accommodating the data line; the data acquisition instrument records the cracks along the length direction of the hydraulic fracturing hole.
Preferably, drilling stress meters are respectively arranged in the range of 20-30 m on two sides of the hydraulic fracturing hole; the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer is arranged in a 10m stoping roadway on two sides of the hydraulic fracturing hole; the top plate monitor monitors the top plate delamination amount within at least 6m of the top plate; the support resistance measuring station comprises measuring points which are arranged in the working face every 5-8 supports.
It is also preferred that the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer forms at least 4 monitoring points, and the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer of each monitoring point is installed on the top plate of the roadway in a cross shape.
Preferably, the stoping roadway comprises a return air gateway and a transportation gateway; the roof monitor includes two roof separation layer monitors that set up on the mining roadway roof, the roof monitor still includes the roof settlement monitor of setting up on the mining roadway respectively.
The beneficial effects of the utility model include:
(1) The roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system is used for visually monitoring the hydraulic fracturing effect by expanding cracks in a roof hydraulic hole, monitoring data of the stress state of surrounding rocks of a roadway are used as indirect observation means, and the pressure relief effect of hydraulic fracturing is comprehensively evaluated by comparing the stress, energy and displacement changes of the surrounding rocks of the roadway before and after fracturing. The hydraulic fracturing construction effect is comprehensively judged by comparing multi-parameter parameters of crack expansion conditions in the drill hole, drilling stress, microseismic events, roof delamination amount, roadway anchor rod and anchor rope stress and roadway surrounding rock deformation before and after fracturing, so that the hydraulic fracturing construction parameters can be optimized, and the dynamic disaster of the rock burst roof can be effectively prevented.
(2) The comprehensive monitoring system for the top plate hydrofracturing with multiple parameters combines a hydrofracturing effect judging method, realizes comprehensive monitoring and judgment of the hydrofracturing process, and can also analyze the hydrofracturing mechanism according to monitoring data, thereby optimizing the hydrofracturing construction process, ensuring the construction safety, and guiding the hydrofracturing construction according to the judgment of the hydrofracturing effect.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system;
FIG. 2 is a coal seam histogram;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a hydraulic fracturing borehole configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the observation structure of the drilling peeping instrument;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of borehole stressor monitoring results;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a bolt and anchor line dynamometer mounting arrangement;
FIG. 7 is a graph of anchor cable fracture zone and non-fracture zone monitoring data;
FIG. 8 is a graph of bolt fracture zone and non-fracture zone monitoring data;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a top plate monitor installation position;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing shallow delamination monitoring results;
FIG. 11 is a graphical illustration of deep delamination monitoring results;
in the figure: 1-borehole stressmeter; 21-anchor dynamometer; 22-anchor line dynamometer; 3-drilling peeping instrument; 4-a roof monitor; 5-a support resistance measuring station; 6-a microseismic survey station; 7-surrounding rock deformation measuring station.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the present invention provides a top plate hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system, which has the following specific embodiments.
Example 1
The utility model provides a roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter integrated monitoring system, as shown in figure 1, the monitoring facilities of this system can include drilling stressmeter 1, stock dynamometer 21, anchor rope dynamometer 22, drilling peep appearance 3, roof monitor 4, support resistance survey station 5, microseism survey station 6 and surrounding rock deformation survey station 7, also can select drilling peep appearance and other 2 above combination monitoring facilities to carry out integrated monitoring according to on-the-spot actual conditions. The drilling stress meter 1 is arranged in a stoping roadway, and the drilling stress meters are arranged in the range of 20-30 m on two sides of a hydraulic fracturing hole respectively and used for monitoring the stress magnitude and the stress concentration state of stoping roadway surrounding rocks in a hydraulic fracturing area and a non-hydraulic fracturing area. The anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer is arranged in a stoping roadway with 10m on two sides of a hydraulic fracturing hole and used for monitoring the stress conditions of the anchor rod and anchor cable in a hydraulic fracturing area and a non-hydraulic fracturing area, and comprises an anchor rod dynamometer 21 and an anchor cable dynamometer 22. The drilling sight 3 respectively observes the crack development condition in the hydraulic fracturing drilling before and after the hydraulic fracturing construction of the hydraulic fracturing hole. The roof monitor sets up in the back production tunnel, and roof monitor 4 monitors the roof separation layer volume of the roof within at least 6m scope to and the roof settlement volume in tunnel. The support resistance measuring station 5 comprises measuring points which are arranged in the working face at intervals, and the support resistance measuring station comprises measuring points which are arranged in the working face every 5-8 supports and used for monitoring the support resistance and the dynamic load coefficient of the supports. The microseismic monitoring station 6 comprises a whole mine microseismic monitoring system and a regional microseismic monitoring system, the regional microseismic monitoring system comprises a plurality of microseismic monitoring points arranged in a stoping roadway, and the whole mine microseismic monitoring system and the regional microseismic monitoring system are matched with each other to monitor the number and the position of roof microseismic events influenced by hydraulic fracturing. The surrounding rock deformation measuring station 7 is arranged in the stoping roadway, monitors the surrounding rock deformation of the stoping roadway, and respectively monitors and records the roadway surrounding rock deformation of a hydraulic fracturing area and a non-hydraulic fracturing area, particularly the deformation of two sides and a bottom heave.
The drilling peeping instrument comprises a peeping probe 31, a data acquisition instrument 32, a displacement sensor 33, a coil 34 and an extension rod 35, wherein the peeping probe of the drilling peeping instrument is arranged at the end part of the extension rod, a plurality of extension rods are connected and combined to be lengthened through threads, the peeping probe and the displacement sensor are connected with the data acquisition instrument through a data line, and the coil is arranged on the data line and used for accommodating the data line; the data acquisition instrument records the cracks along the length direction of the hydraulic fracturing hole. The anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer forms a monitoring point by at least 4, and the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer of each monitoring point is installed on a tunnel top plate in a cross shape. The roof monitor includes two roof separation layer monitors that set up on the mining roadway roof, and the roof monitor still includes the roof settlement monitor of setting up respectively on the mining roadway. Wherein, the stoping roadway comprises a return air gateway and a transportation gateway.
The roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system is used for visually monitoring the hydraulic fracturing effect by expanding cracks in a roof hydraulic hole, monitoring data of the stress state of surrounding rocks of a roadway are used as indirect observation means, and the pressure relief effect of hydraulic fracturing is comprehensively evaluated by comparing the stress, energy and displacement changes of the surrounding rocks of the roadway before and after fracturing. The hydraulic fracturing construction effect is comprehensively judged by comparing multi-parameter parameters of crack expansion conditions in the drill hole, drilling stress, microseismic events, roof delamination amount, roadway anchor rod and anchor rope stress and roadway surrounding rock deformation before and after fracturing, so that the hydraulic fracturing construction parameters can be optimized, and the dynamic disaster of the rock burst roof can be effectively prevented.
In order to further explain the structure and function of the monitoring system, a multi-parameter comprehensive distinguishing method for roof hydraulic fracturing effect is further explained, the roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system is used for monitoring, and the method comprises the following steps:
And step one, observing the shape and size of cracks in the hydraulic fracturing hole of the top plate along the length direction of the hydraulic fracturing hole by using a drilling sight. And observing the development degree of the fracture in the length direction of the hydraulic fracturing hole, including observing whether the fracturing section has the fracture or not, so as to avoid the damage of the hole packer. And calibrating the shape and size of the cracks in the hydraulic fracturing hole before hydraulic fracturing, and comparing the shape and size with the observation result of a drilling peeping instrument after construction after hydraulic fracturing construction.
Mounting a drilling stress meter and an anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer in the mining roadway on two sides of the hydraulic fracturing hole; installing a roof monitor in a stoping roadway; arranging support resistance monitoring points on the working face support at intervals to form a support resistance measuring station; setting a regional micro-seismic survey station in the stoping roadway; arranging a surrounding rock deformation measuring station in the stoping roadway; while recording the initial monitoring data.
And thirdly, performing top plate hydraulic fracturing construction, and recording the pumping pressure and flow of hydraulic fracturing. The fracturing fluid is used as fracturing fluid in the hydraulic fracturing construction, the observation holes are arranged at the middle points of the adjacent hydraulic fracturing holes, when the emulsified fluid flows out of the observation holes, it is indicated that the cracks between the two hydraulic fracturing holes in the top plate are communicated, and the hydraulic fracturing radius of the top plate is determined to be the distance between the observation holes and the hydraulic fracturing holes.
Acquiring a stress value monitored by a drilling stress meter after construction, monitoring the stress of an anchor rod and an anchor cable by an anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer, observing the shape and the size of cracks in the length direction of a water pressure induced crack hole by a drilling peeping instrument, monitoring the separation amount and the sinking amount of a top plate by a top plate monitor, monitoring the working resistance of a support by a support resistance station, monitoring a microseismic event by a microseismic station and monitoring the deformation of a roadway top bottom plate and two sides by a surrounding rock deformation station.
And fifthly, judging the pressure relief effect of the hydraulic fracturing according to the monitoring result of the fourth step, and determining the hydraulic fracturing radius of the top plate.
The larger the stress value monitored by the borehole stress meter is, the roadway stress is concentrated, and the poorer the hydraulic fracturing effect of the top plate is; the smaller the stress increment of the anchor rod and the anchor cable monitored by the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer is, the better the hydraulic fracturing effect of the top plate is; comparing the observation results before and after hydraulic fracturing of the drilling peering instrument, wherein the better the crack development is, the more obvious the notch is, the better the hydraulic fracturing effect of the top plate is; the smaller the roof delamination amount monitored by the roof monitor is, the slower the roof sinks, and the better the roof hydraulic fracturing effect is; when the working face is pressed, the working resistance of the bracket of the non-fracturing section is greater than that of the fracturing section, and the dynamic load coefficient of the non-fracturing section is greater than that of the fracturing section; the smaller the number of microseismic events monitored by the microseismic survey station is, the better the hydraulic fracturing effect of the top plate is; the smaller the deformation of the roadway top bottom plate and the two sides monitored by the surrounding rock deformation station is, the better the hydraulic fracturing effect of the reaction top plate is. The good or poor hydraulic fracturing effect is compared by comparing the monitoring data of the hydraulic fracturing area with the monitoring data of the non-hydraulic fracturing area, and the size or the number of the monitoring values is compared for judgment. The method is characterized in that the pressure relief effect of the hydraulic fracturing is comprehensively evaluated by adopting multiple parameters, when all monitoring results show that the hydraulic fracturing effect is good, and when the monitoring results of 1 monitoring means show that the hydraulic fracturing effect is poor and are opposite to the monitoring results of other monitoring means, the monitoring results are ignored. When the monitoring results of more than 2 monitoring means show that the hydraulic fracturing effect is poor and is opposite to the monitoring results of other monitoring means, the monitoring is verified through the drilling peeping instrument, and finally the monitoring comparison result of the mining drilling peeping instrument is preferentially selected.
in the construction process, the change curves of the pressure P of the fracturing pump and the flow Q of the flow meter along with the time t are drawn according to the pressure change of the fracturing pump and the flow change of the flow meter in the top plate hydraulic fracturing construction process, the fracturing starting pressure and the fracturing closing pressure of the top plate hydraulic fracturing are obtained, and the fracturing effect and the fracturing range of the top plate hydraulic fracturing are predicted according to the volume of the pumped fracturing fluid. The water pressure change trends of all the drill holes are approximately similar, the water pressure in the whole system is maintained at about 30MPa at the initial stage of water injection, but the local rock stratum is broken under the pressure action of high-pressure water along with the prolonging of the pressure maintaining time, so that the water pressure is reduced to a certain extent; but because the hole packer has better system sealing performance and the high-pressure water injection pump also continuously provides high-pressure water, the water pressure is recovered to about 30MPa again in the later period; the process of cycling hydraulic pressure decrease-increase-decrease characterizes the process of gradual development of formation fractures. The records of the field pressure and the flow are discontinuous point records, but the flow meter readings show a corresponding increasing trend before and after the water injection pressure fluctuation from the relation curve of the pressure and the flow, and the development process of the roof stratum fracture is characterized from the side. The typical drilling holes have different construction positions, and the fracturing vertical heights are different, so that the properties of fractured rock layers are different, and further the fracturing time is changed.
The method has the characteristics of intuition, diversity and reliability, the problem of difficulty in monitoring the deep hole of the underground roof of the coal mine is effectively solved by adopting a method for comprehensively monitoring a drilling stress meter, an anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer, a drilling peeping instrument, a roof monitor, a support resistance station, a micro-seismic station and a surrounding rock deformation station, when one or two kinds of monitoring cannot be implemented, other monitoring means are adopted for replacing, the technical bottleneck that the hydraulic fracturing pressure relief effect is difficult to evaluate is broken through, and effective technical support is provided for effectively preventing and controlling dynamic disasters of the roof of the coal mine in China.
Example 2
For further explanation the utility model provides a roof hydraulic fracturing many parameters integrated monitoring system to certain ore deposit 31101 working face, 31102 working face and 31103 working face are for example, right the technical scheme of the utility model make further explanation. The ore 31102 face is located within the 3-1 seam, which is the second face of the panel. The east side of the work surface is the 31101 work surface and the right side is the 31103 work surface. Wherein, the 31101 working face is completely pushed, the 31102 working face return air gate is affected by the suspension top plate of the 31101 working face, the deformation is large, and the bottom drum is serious; and the late stage 31102 face subfloor will be designated as 31103 face return air subfloor, the coal seam histogram of which is shown in figure 2.
And performing hydraulic fracturing operation along the groove on the 31102 working surface, determining fracturing parameters according to the lithology and strength of the top plate, performing fracturing drilling construction, and performing fracturing monitoring after fracturing. In order to reduce the influence on the construction of the working face, the distance between the construction position of the fracturing drilling hole and the working face is larger than 150-250 m, the specific position is properly adjusted according to the field condition, and the construction condition of the fracturing drilling hole is shown in figure 3.
31102 crack initiation position of low-level drill hole at one side of non-production side of return air chute is nearest to goaf, and the crack initiation position satisfies the following relation: r is equal to or less than L, wherein R is a crack propagation radius and is 5-8 m; theta is a fracture drilling inclination angle; h is the vertical height of the crack initiation position, and 17m is taken; l is the width of the coal pillar, and 20m is taken to calculate that theta is larger than or equal to 46 degrees (R is 5m), and theta is larger than or equal to 51 degrees (R is 8 m). Considering the construction safety and convenience, the depth of a 31102 working surface return air crossheading fracturing drilling hole is determined to be 38m, the inclination angle is 70 degrees, and the distance between a crack initiation position and the bottom of the hole is 18 m.
Before and after fracturing is implemented, the fracturing drill holes are observed through a drilling peeping instrument respectively, and as shown in figure 4, the observing steps comprise: (1) the drilling peering probe is connected with the data acquisition instrument through a data line, and whether the connection is complete or not is checked through an indicator lamp in front of the peering probe. (2) The encoder is connected with the host machine by a depth data line, and whether the two parts are well connected or not can be checked by using a roller of the encoder. (3) And connecting the drill hole peeping probe with the extension rod, and placing the peeping probe at the hole opening of the fracturing drill hole. (4) And focusing the probe and adjusting the light rays on a host interface of the data acquisition instrument. (5) And starting video recording, slowly advancing the probe, recording the stratum position, depth and fracture development condition of the rock stratum, and performing screenshot. (6) The drill bit is pushed forward and backward in the fracturing area more slowly, and screenshot is carried out on the cutting groove position, the fracturing effect and the like. (7) And after data and image acquisition is finished, the mounting rod and the probe are pushed out of the hydraulic fracturing hole, and the data is coiled. And comparing surrounding rocks of the fracturing drill holes at positions 18m away from the orifice and surrounding rocks at positions 38m away from the orifice before and after fracturing, and finding that the cutting groove position has obvious cutting traces, and the notch is clear and visible, which indicates that the hydraulic fracturing effect is good.
The coal pillar stress of the 31102 working face return air crossheading coal pillar side fracturing section and non-fracturing section is systematically monitored by utilizing a borehole stress meter, and 23 is mainly monitored#And 24#The stress conditions of coal pillars in respective regions of the measuring points are compared when the measuring points are at the same distance from the working surface, the pressure relief effect of hydraulic fracturing is analyzed, the stress monitoring data, time and distance monitoring result from the two measuring points to the working surface are shown in figure 5, and when the measuring points are at the same distance from the 31102 working surface, the non-fracturing section 24 is arranged#The stress value of the measuring point is mostly greater than that of the fracturing section 23#The stress value of the measuring point shows that the hydraulic fracturing engineering weakens high stress near the roadway and reduces the stress concentration degree near the periphery of the roadway, so that the larger the stress value is, the more concentrated the stress of the roadway is, and the worse the hydraulic fracturing effect of the top plate is.
utilizing an anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer to respectively arrange two groups of YHY60 type anchor cable stress gauges and two groups of YHY60 type anchor rod stress gauges in a fracturing section 34m out of a 31102 working surface return air crossheading 33 and a non-fracturing section 25m out of a 31102 working surface return air crossheading 32 crossheading, wherein the two groups of YHY60 type anchor cable stress gauges and two groups of YHY60 type anchor rod stress gauges are used for observing the stress condition of an anchor rod cable of a roadway in the process of the pressure of a top plate of the fracturing section and the non-fracturing section, analyzing the pressure relief effect of hydraulic fracturing, further researching the influence of the hydraulic fracturing hole of the top plate on a roadway supporting structure, the anchor cable and the anchor rod stress gauges are in cross arrangement, the installation condition is shown in figure 6, monitoring data of the stress fracturing section and the non-fracturing section of the anchor rod stress gauges and the anchor cable stress gauges are recorded as shown in figures 7 and 8, the stress increment of the anchor rod and the axial direction of the anchor cable in the fracturing section is lower than that of the non- The smaller the increment, the better the top plate hydraulic fracturing.
The roof monitoring instrument is installed to monitor the separation amount and the subsidence amount of a roadway roof, two sets of YHY60 mine roof detectors and two sets of GDW mine roof detectors are installed respectively, an installation schematic diagram is shown in figure 9, wherein the GDW mine roof detectors are only used for observing the separation condition within a range of 6m above the roadway, the YHY60 mine roof detectors are used for observing the subsidence condition of the overall structure above the roadway, analyzing roadway deformation characteristics in two states of a fracturing section and a non-fracturing section, and comparing and analyzing an observation result. The observation results are shown in fig. 10 and fig. 11, and by comparing the shallow separation data and the deep separation data of the two groups of measuring points, the area without the hydraulic fracturing hole can be found, the separation amount of the top plate is large, and the change is severe; and in the area of the hydraulic fracturing hole, the separation amount of the top plate is small, and the sinking of the roadway top plate is slow. The hydraulic fracturing hole construction obtained by combining the analysis slows down the development of a separation layer, reduces the sinking of the top plate and weakens the deformation degree of the roadway top plate.
the method comprises the steps of setting a support resistance measuring station, arranging measuring points on a working face at intervals of 7 supports during the extraction period of the 31102 working face, monitoring pressure changes of the supports in real time, setting a left channel and a right channel for each measuring point, monitoring left column pressure through the left channel, observing right column pressure through the right channel, and setting 21 measuring points on the working face. The observed data can be transmitted to a ground office computer in real time and stored, the mine pressure display characteristics of the working face are analyzed subsequently, the periodic coming pressure step distance and the coming pressure strength of the working face are determined according to the related mine pressure theory, and the working resistance frequency, the balance of the left column and the right column, the initial supporting force, the final resistance distribution characteristics and the like of the support in the advancing process of the working face are mastered to provide data support. 31102 the working surface advances for 700m from 6 months in 2017 to 21 days in 10 months in 2017, and the end resistance of the working cycle of the stent in the period from the beginning of 8 months in 2017 to 12 months in 9 months in 2017 is analyzed for the research on the mine pressure rule of the advancing direction of the working surface. The working face is pushed by 118m in 2017 from 8, month 5 to 8, month 23, the pushing range is from 39 to 36, and hydraulic fracturing holes are not constructed in the area; working face propulsion is carried out for 66m from 23 days 8 and 23 months in 2017 to 12 days 9 and 9 months in 2017, hydraulic fracturing holes are constructed in the area, and therefore the pressure condition of the working face in the area where the hydraulic fracturing holes are constructed and the area where the hydraulic fracturing holes are not constructed is compared, and the ore pressure display rule of the hydraulic fracturing holes is obtained: when the working face is pressed, the working resistance of the bracket of the non-fracturing section is larger than that of the fracturing section, and the dynamic load coefficient of the non-fracturing section is larger than that of the fracturing section. The monitoring of the support resistance can be used as a means for testing the hydraulic fracturing effect, and the pressure relief effect of the hydraulic fracturing can be judged according to the means.
the surrounding rock deformation survey station is arranged in the roadway, so that the roadway deformation of the top bottom plate and the two sides is observed, the roadway surrounding rock deformation of the hydraulic fracturing section and the non-hydraulic fracturing section is compared, the smaller the deformation of the roadway top bottom plate and the two sides monitored by the surrounding rock deformation survey station is, and the better the hydraulic fracturing effect of the reaction top plate is.
the mine is also provided with a microseismic monitoring system and a regional microseismic monitoring system in the whole mine range, 8 measuring points are arranged to observe the energy and the position of the microseismic event of the coal rock stratum in real time, the stress before the peak in the range 20-100m ahead of the working face is obvious along with the propulsion of the working face, and therefore two time intervals of 8 months, 26 days to 9 months, 5 days (a first section, namely, hydraulic fracturing is carried out) and 9 months, 28 days to 10 months, 7 days (a second section, namely, hydraulic fracturing is not carried out) are selected for analysis. The first section lead stress influence range is 35#Connecting lane and 36#Between the alleyways, construction of 21 hydraulic fracturing holes is carried out in the area, the top plate is weakened, the stress transmission condition of the top plate is cut off, and the energy storage condition of a coal rock stratum is weakened. The second section lead stress influence range is mainly located at 34#Connecting lane and 35#between the connecting lanes, hydraulic fracturing construction is not carried out in the area, and the top plate is intact. Cumulative advancement of the working surface during the first session44m, the number of accumulated microseismic events is 264, wherein the number of large energy events is 80; the working face is pushed forward by 39m in a second section of time, and microseismic events occur by 289 times in an accumulated mode, wherein the number of large energy events is 67 times; in the working face propelling process from 8 months, 26 days to 9 months, 5 days, the working face advanced pressure is in a hydraulic fracturing construction section, the roof of the section is subjected to manual pre-splitting treatment, the overlying rock stratum is gradually weakened under the influence of mining stress in the advancing process of a working face, the stress transfer or energy storage capacity of the roof is reduced, a hard rock stratum above a coal seam is mainly influenced by the mining stress, cracks in the roof slowly develop mainly along the prefabricated cracks generated by hydraulic fracturing, so that the energy is released slowly, namely, the number of elastic waves caused by the damage of the roof strata is small, the energy is low, the number of microseismic events is small in the microseismic system, and the trend of the microseism event positioning from the 31102 working face return air crossheading to the middle of the 31102 working face shows that the trend of roof weakening develops from the crossheading pre-splitting position to the middle of the working face under the influence of mining stress, and the trend of 31102 working face return air crossheading production helps hydraulic fracturing holes to achieve the expected effect. Therefore, the effect of hydraulic fracturing construction can be verified through micro-seismic, and compared with micro-seismic events, the smaller the number of the micro-seismic events is, the better the hydraulic fracturing effect of the top plate is.
Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A roof hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter comprehensive monitoring system is characterized by comprising a drilling stress meter, an anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer, a drilling peeping instrument, a roof monitor, a support resistance measuring station, a micro-seismic measuring station and a surrounding rock deformation measuring station; an observation hole is arranged in the middle of the hydraulic fracturing hole; the drilling stress meter is arranged in a stoping roadway, and the drilling stress meters are respectively arranged in the roadways at two sides of the hydraulic fracturing hole; the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer is arranged in the mining roadway on two sides of the hydraulic fracturing hole; the drilling peeping instrument comprises a peeping probe, a data acquisition instrument, a displacement inductor, a coil and an extension rod; the roof monitor is arranged in the stoping roadway and arranged on the roof and two sides of the stoping roadway; the support resistance measuring station comprises measuring points which are arranged on a support in a working surface at intervals; the microseismic measuring station comprises a whole mine microseismic monitoring system and a regional microseismic monitoring system; the surrounding rock deformation measuring station is arranged in the stoping roadway and used for monitoring the surrounding rock deformation of the stoping roadway.
2. The comprehensive monitoring system for the multiple parameters of the roof hydraulic fracturing, as recited in claim 1, wherein the sight probe of the drilling sight is arranged at the end of the extension rod, and the extension rods are lengthened by a threaded connection combination; the peeking probe and the displacement sensor are connected with the data acquisition instrument through a data line; the coil is arranged on the data line and used for accommodating the data line; the data acquisition instrument records the cracks along the length direction of the hydraulic fracturing hole.
3. The comprehensive monitoring system for the multiple parameters of the top plate hydraulic fracturing is characterized in that drilling stress meters are respectively arranged in the range of 20-30 m on two sides of a hydraulic fracturing hole; the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer is arranged in a 10m stoping roadway on two sides of the hydraulic fracturing hole; the top plate monitor monitors the top plate delamination amount within at least 6m of the top plate; the support resistance measuring station comprises measuring points which are arranged in the working face every 5-8 supports.
4. The comprehensive monitoring system for the top plate hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer comprises at least 4 monitoring points, and the anchor rod and anchor cable dynamometer of each monitoring point is installed on the top plate of the roadway in a cross shape.
5. The comprehensive monitoring system for the top plate hydraulic fracturing multi-parameter as recited in claim 4, wherein the stoping roadway comprises a return air gateway and a transportation gateway; the roof monitor includes two roof separation layer monitors that set up on the mining roadway roof, the roof monitor still includes the roof settlement monitor of setting up on the mining roadway respectively.
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