CN115788401A - Method for selecting pressure relief measures according to deformation mode of pressure relief drill hole - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for selecting pressure relief measures according to a deformation mode of a pressure relief drill hole, and belongs to the technical field of mine dynamic disaster prevention and control. According to the deformation mode of the large-diameter pressure relief drill hole for construction, measures such as micro-shock and surrounding rock deformation are assisted, an impact force source is judged, and then reasonable pressure relief measures are selected; the rock burst disaster caused by unreasonable misjudgment of the impact force source or the pressure relief mode is avoided. Meanwhile, unnecessary pressure relief measures can be avoided, unnecessary labor force is saved, and the method is used for construction of targeted pressure relief measures. And the method successfully determines the impact force source in case application, thereby ensuring the safe recovery of a working face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine dynamic disaster prevention and control, and particularly relates to a method for selecting pressure relief measures according to a deformation mode of a pressure relief drill hole.
Background
With the increase of mining intensity and depth of mines in China, rock burst has become one of disasters which seriously affect safe production of mines. The mechanism of rock burst is complicated, the influence factor is many, often need to take multiple pressure relief measures to eliminate the impact danger in rock burst prevention and cure practice. In field practice, there are cases where rock burst still occurs even when a plurality of pressure relief methods are adopted, and the disaster of rock burst usually occurs due to misjudgment of a rock burst source or unreasonable pressure relief methods. Therefore, the accurate judgment of the type of the impact force source and the selection of a reasonable pressure relief mode of the rock burst are important prerequisites for preventing and treating the disaster of the rock burst.
Therefore, the invention provides a method for selecting pressure relief measures according to a deformation mode of a pressure relief drill hole, which is used for judging the type of an impact force source according to a deformation mode of a pressure relief large-diameter drill hole in coal seam construction, so that the selection of danger relieving measures can be effectively guided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for selecting pressure relief measures according to the deformation mode of a pressure relief drill hole, aiming at solving the problems that the impact force source is judged by mistake or the pressure relief mode is unreasonable in a mine and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing a large-diameter pressure relief drill hole in the coal seam;
s2: counting the deformation of the pressure relief holes induced by the coal body fracture, and determining an impact force source according to the deformation of the large-diameter pressure relief drill holes and the deformation characteristics of the pressure relief drill holes in different pressure incoming modes;
s3: collecting other power phenomena during the deformation of the pressure relief drill hole as an auxiliary verification means to verify the generation direction of the impact force source;
s4: and a proper pressure relief mode is selected through a determined impact force source, so that the impact risk of the coal seam is reduced.
According to the method, a working face mining undisturbed stage is selected as a pressure relief drilling construction and monitoring statistical time period, and the influence of underground engineering construction on the deformation of a pressure relief drilling is avoided.
Wherein, the undisturbed stage is as follows: the distance from the driving face to the straight line is more than 150 m; the distance from the stope face to the straight line is more than 350 m; and if the disturbance distance of the tunneling working face or the stoping working face is within the influence range, stopping production for at least three days, and constructing the large-diameter pressure relief drilling hole to test the impact force source after the surrounding rock moves stably.
The arrangement mode of the pressure relief drill holes in the S1 is determined according to the 10 th part in a method for measuring, monitoring and preventing rock burst of GB/T25217.10-2019.
S2, statistics of the deformation amount of the pressure relief holes induced by the coal body fracture comprise the following steps: drilling speed, drilling deformation time, drilling deformation position, drilling deformation amount and drilling deformation mode in the construction pressure relief drilling process; the drilling speed is slow, the deformation time of the drill hole is short, the deformation amount of the drill hole is large, the deformation mode of the drill hole is sudden hole collapse, which indicates that the stress level of the coal body is high, and pressure relief measures need to be taken in time; the borehole deformation location is used to determine the location of the high stress concentration. The drilling speed, the drilling deformation time and the drilling deformation amount are relatively high in the drilling speed, the drilling deformation time and the drilling deformation amount of the region without mining influence and geological structure influence.
In S2, the deformation characteristics of the pressure relief drill holes in different pressure coming modes are divided into three types:
the roof plate type pressure-bearing drilling deformation characteristic is that the drilling deformation position is the middle upper part of a pressure-bearing drilling;
the bottom plate type pressure-bearing drilling deformation characteristic is that the drilling deformation position is the middle lower part of a pressure-bearing drilling;
the deformation characteristic of the pressure-relief drill hole is constructed, and the deformation position of the drill hole is that the periphery of the pressure-relief drill hole is simultaneously extruded towards the center of the hole.
And in the S3, other dynamic phenomena comprise microseismic data, roadway surrounding rock displacement data, support resistance data and coal body stress data.
The verification of the impact force source in S3 specifically comprises the following steps:
a. verification of deformation characteristics of the top plate type pressure drilling hole: the micro-seismic events of the coal seam and the top plate above the pressure relief drill hole are more than those of the bottom plate, the support resistance is increased, the coal body stress is increased, the sinking amount of the top plate of the roadway is increased, and the deformation of the two sides is increased;
b. and (3) verifying the deformation characteristics of the bottom plate type pressure drilling hole: the micro-seismic events of the coal seam and the bottom plate below the pressure relief drill hole are more than those of the top plate, the support resistance is increased, the coal body stress is increased, the bottom bulging amount of the roadway is increased, and the deformation of the two sides is increased;
c. and (3) verifying the deformation characteristics of the pressure-compression drill hole by means of pressure compression: the integrity of the peripheral coal rock mass subjected to the micro-seismic event is increased, the support resistance is increased, the coal stress is increased, and the peripheral moving amount of the roadway surrounding rock is increased.
And S4, selecting a proper pressure relief mode through an impact force source, specifically:
the top plate type incoming pressure impact force source adopts a top breaking measure;
the bottom plate type incoming pressure impact force source adopts a bottom breaking measure;
the structural type incoming pressure impact force source takes blasting measures for the structural area to eliminate the stress concentration of the area;
on the basis of the three pressure relief modes, a large-diameter pressure relief drilling hole is constructed in the coal seam, so that the stress concentration position is integrally transferred to the deep part, and the impact tendency of the shallow coal rock mass is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the scheme, the source of the impact force source can be judged by a pressure relief drilling deformation mode and a verification means, and a reasonable pressure relief mode is selected. The rock burst disaster caused by unreasonable misjudgment of the impact force source or pressure relief mode is avoided. Meanwhile, the method can avoid unnecessary pressure relief measures, save unnecessary labor force and be used for construction of the targeted pressure relief measures.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an application of the present invention to an elliptical fracture formation area;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a large diameter pressure relief borehole inspection impact force source arrangement in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating deformation characteristics of different pressure-relief drill holes according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a top-plate type pressure-relief type, (b) is a bottom-plate type pressure-relief type, and (c) is a structural type pressure-relief type.
Wherein: 1, a working surface I; 2, working surface two; 3-working surface three; 4, working surface four; 5, large-scale oval fracture structure; 6, isolating the coal pillar; 7, drilling a large-diameter pressure relief hole; 8, a top plate type pressure drilling deformation mode; 9-top plate type pressure-coming type; 10, a bottom plate type pressure drilling deformation mode; 11-floor type coming pressure type; 12-structural type pressure drilling deformation mode; 13-structural push-to-press type.
Detailed Description
To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for selecting pressure relief measures according to deformation modes of a pressure relief drill hole.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1: constructing a large-diameter pressure relief drill hole in the coal seam;
s2: counting the deformation of the pressure relief holes induced by the coal body fracture, and determining an impact force source according to the deformation of the large-diameter pressure relief drill holes and the deformation characteristics of the pressure relief drill holes in different pressure incoming modes;
s3: collecting other power phenomena during the deformation of the pressure-relief drill hole as an auxiliary verification means to verify the generation direction of the impact force source;
s4: and through the determined impact force source, a proper pressure relief mode is selected, and the impact risk of the coal bed is reduced.
According to the method, a working face mining disturbance-free (small) stage is selected as a pressure relief drilling construction and monitoring statistical time period, and the influence of underground engineering construction on the deformation of the pressure relief drilling is avoided.
The no (small) disturbance phase is: the distance from the driving face to the straight line is more than 150 m; the distance from the stope face to the straight line is more than 350 m; and if the disturbance distance of the tunneling working face or the stoping working face is within the influence range, stopping production for at least three days, and constructing the large-diameter pressure relief drilling hole to test the impact force source after the surrounding rock moves stably. And the interference of underground construction on the inspection result can be reduced to the maximum extent by constructing at the stage without (small) disturbance.
In the following, a method for selecting a pressure relief measure according to a deformation mode of a pressure relief borehole according to the present invention is described with reference to an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, in which the following steps are performed:
a large oval fracture structure 5 is arranged between the first working face 1 and the third working face 3 and between the second working face 2 and the fourth working face 4, and structural stress is to be eliminated by reserving an isolation coal pillar 6.
No tunneling working face is constructed within 150m of the position 6 of the isolation coal pillar; no stope face construction within 350 m; the surrounding rock movement is stable, and the deformation mode disturbance for constructing large-diameter drilling holes in the area is small.
And constructing large-diameter pressure relief drill holes 7 around the isolation coal pillar 6 to test the impact force source, wherein the distance between the drill holes is 1m, the height from the bottom plate is 1.5m, the hole depth is 20m, and the hole diameter is 200mm.
The deformation of the pressure relief hole caused by the fracture of the coal body is observed in the process of drilling construction and after the construction is finished, and the following results are found: the drilling speed is low in the process of constructing pressure relief drilling, and the stress of the reacted coal body is high; the deformation time of the drill hole is short, and sometimes the drill hole collapses suddenly; the deformation position of the drill hole is 3-4 m away from the hole opening; the deformation of the drill hole is large, and the drill hole is basically and completely closed; the deformation positions of the coal-based high-stress centralized position are the middle upper parts of pressure-relief drill holes, the deformation modes are that the middle upper parts of the drill holes are closed downwards, the characteristics of a roof-plate type pressure-coming drill hole deformation mode 8 are met, the high-stress centralized position is 3m away from the coal wall, and pressure-relief measures are required to be taken timely when the coal stress is high.
Further, the impact force source is verified by secondary means: micro-seismic events induced by deformation of the large-diameter pressure relief drill hole of the coal body are distributed on a coal bed and a top plate above the pressure relief drill hole (the vertical height of the micro-seismic events from the pressure relief drill hole is within a range of 5-20 m), the deformation of two sides is increased (reflected as side bulging), the resistance of a support is increased by 2Mpa, and the deformation characteristic of a top plate type pressure-coming type 9 drill hole is met.
Therefore, the deformation characteristic of the isolated coal pillar area is judged to be a roof-plate type pressure-bearing drilling hole according to the deformation mode of the large-diameter pressure-bearing drilling hole and the auxiliary verification means, and the impact force source is judged to be a roof-plate type impact force source, so that the structural stress of a large-scale oval fracture structure is eliminated. Therefore, only the top plate type impact force source is eliminated by adopting a top bursting and breaking measure, and an unreasonable pressure relief measure for the structural stress is not needed.
Meanwhile, on the basis of a blasting top-breaking measure, a large-diameter pressure-relief drilling hole is constructed in the coal bed, so that the stress concentration position is integrally transferred to the deep part, and the impact risk of the shallow coal rock mass is reduced.
On the basis of correctly judging that the area is the top plate type impact force source, a top breaking measure and a coal layer drilling measure are adopted, and safe production is realized on the working face.
Similarly, if the deformation position of the drill hole is mainly the middle lower part of the pressure relief drill hole, the deformation mode 10 characteristic of the bottom plate type pressure coming drill hole can be comprehensively judged, and the deformation mode is the bottom plate type pressure coming drill hole 11; the deformation position of the drill hole is mainly that the periphery of the pressure relief drill hole is simultaneously extruded towards the center of the hole, and the deformation mode 12 characteristic of the structural pressure coming type drill hole can be comprehensively judged, and the structural pressure coming type 13 is obtained.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of selecting a pressure relief measure based on a deformation mode of a pressure relief borehole, comprising the steps of:
s1: constructing a large-diameter pressure relief drill hole in a coal seam;
s2: counting the deformation of the pressure relief holes induced by the coal body fracture, and determining an impact force source according to the deformation of the large-diameter pressure relief drill holes and the deformation characteristics of the pressure relief drill holes in different pressure incoming modes;
s3: collecting other power phenomena during the deformation of the pressure-relief drill hole as an auxiliary verification means to verify the generation direction of the impact force source;
s4: and through the determined impact force source, a proper pressure relief mode is selected, and the impact risk of the coal bed is reduced.
2. The method for selecting a pressure relief measure according to the pressure relief borehole deformation pattern of claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the pressure relief boreholes in S1 is determined according to section 10 of the GB/T25217.10-2019 method for determination, monitoring and control of rock burst pressure.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the undisturbed period of face mining is selected as a statistical period of pressure relief borehole construction and monitoring to avoid the effects of downhole engineering on the amount of deformation of the pressure relief borehole.
4. The method of selecting a pressure relief measure according to a pressure relief borehole deformation pattern of claim 3, wherein the undisturbed phase is: the distance from the tunneling working face is 150 m; the distance from the stope face to the straight line is more than 350 m; and if the disturbance distance of the driving face or the stoping face is within the influence range, stopping production for at least three days, and constructing the large-diameter pressure relief drill hole to inspect the impact force source after the surrounding rock moves stably.
5. The method for selecting a pressure relief measure according to a pressure relief borehole deformation pattern of claim 1, wherein the statistics of the amount of pressure relief hole deformation induced by coal body fracture in S2 comprises: drilling speed, drilling deformation time, drilling deformation position, drilling deformation amount and drilling deformation mode in the construction pressure relief drilling process; the drilling speed is slow, the drilling deformation time is short, the drilling deformation amount is large, the drilling deformation mode is sudden hole collapse, the coal body stress level is high, and pressure relief measures need to be taken in time; the borehole deformation locations are used to determine locations of high stress concentrations.
6. The method for selecting a pressure relief measure according to a pressure relief borehole deformation pattern of claim 1, wherein the different pressure relief borehole deformation characteristics in S2 are classified into three categories:
the roof plate type pressure-bearing drilling deformation characteristic is that the drilling deformation position is the middle upper part of a pressure-bearing drilling;
the bottom plate type pressure-bearing drilling deformation characteristic is that the drilling deformation position is the middle lower part of a pressure-bearing drilling;
the deformation characteristic of the pressure-relief drill hole is constructed, and the deformation position of the drill hole is that the periphery of the pressure-relief drill hole is simultaneously extruded towards the center of the hole.
7. The method for selecting a pressure relief measure according to a pressure relief borehole deformation manner according to claim 1, wherein the other dynamic phenomena in S3 comprise microseismic data, roadway surrounding rock displacement data, support resistance data, and coal body stress data.
8. The method for selecting a pressure relief measure according to a pressure relief borehole deformation pattern of claim 1, characterized in that the verification of the source of the impact force in S3 is in particular:
a. verification of deformation characteristics of the top plate type pressure drilling hole: the micro-seismic events of the coal seam and the roof above the pressure relief drill hole are more than those of the bottom plate, the resistance of the support is increased, the stress of the coal body is increased, the sinking amount of the roof of the roadway is increased, and the deformation of two sides is increased;
b. and (3) verifying the deformation characteristics of the bottom plate type pressure drilling hole: the micro-seismic events of the coal seam and the bottom plate below the pressure relief drill hole are more than those of the top plate, the support resistance is increased, the coal body stress is increased, the bottom bulging amount of the roadway is increased, and the deformation of the two sides is increased;
c. and (3) verifying the deformation characteristics of the pressure-pressing drill hole by constructing: the integrity of the peripheral coal rock mass subjected to the micro-seismic event is increased, the support resistance is increased, the coal stress is increased, and the peripheral moving amount of the roadway surrounding rock is increased.
9. The method for selecting a pressure relief measure according to a pressure relief borehole deformation pattern of claim 1, characterized in that a suitable pressure relief pattern is selected in S4 by a source of impact force, in particular:
the top plate type incoming pressure impact force source adopts a top breaking measure;
the bottom plate type incoming pressure impact force source adopts a bottom breaking measure;
the structural type incoming pressure impact force source takes blasting measures for the structural area to eliminate the stress concentration of the area;
on the basis of the three pressure relief modes, a large-diameter pressure relief drill hole is constructed in the coal seam, so that the stress concentration position is wholly transferred to the deep part, and the impact tendency of the shallow coal rock mass is reduced.
10. The method of selecting a pressure relief measure according to a pressure relief borehole deformation pattern of claim 5, wherein the slow rate of penetration, short borehole deformation time, and large borehole deformation is relative to the rate of penetration, borehole deformation time, and borehole deformation of the area without mining effects and geologic formation effects.
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