CN111897002B - Roof pre-splitting measure effect evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring - Google Patents
Roof pre-splitting measure effect evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for evaluating the effect of a roof pre-splitting measure based on microseismic monitoring, which comprises the following steps: step 1: setting a contrast area and a sample area; and 2, step: constructing a core taking hole; and step 3: implementing a top plate pre-cracking measure; and 4, step 4: screening microseismic events; and 5: the microseismic events are characterized by vertical distribution; step 6: the contrast area and the sample area are divided into layers; and 7: carrying out effectiveness evaluation on the effect of the roof pre-splitting measure; and 8: and (4) repeating the steps 1-7, continuously optimizing the effect of the roof pre-splitting measure, and determining the optimal roof pre-splitting method and technical parameters suitable for the mine after a large amount of practice is carried out on site. The method forms a quantitative evaluation method for the effect of the top plate pre-splitting measure by analyzing the index change of the microseismic event in the affected area of the top plate pre-splitting measure, and can adjust and optimize the pre-splitting measure scheme according to the method so as to improve the effectiveness of the measure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for evaluating the effect of a roof pre-splitting measure based on microseismic monitoring, which is mainly used for guiding the evaluation of the effect of the mine roof pre-splitting measure and the optimization of the measure in rock burst disasters.
Background
Rock burst is one of the main disasters faced in coal mine deep mining, and poses great threats to coal mine safe and efficient production and personnel safety of coal mine workers. At present, related researches on the generation mechanism, monitoring and early warning, prevention and treatment measures and the like of rock burst are continuously and deeply conducted in China, but in the actual production process, further researches on the aspects of judgment and early warning of the generation possibility of the on-site rock burst, optimization of early warning indexes and the like are needed.
At present, common prevention and treatment measures for domestic rock burst mines comprise coal seam water injection, coal seam large-diameter pressure relief drilling, coal seam blasting, top plate hydraulic fracturing, top plate presplitting blasting, bottom plate large-diameter pressure relief drilling, bottom plate blasting and the like, the measures can be roughly divided into three types of prevention and treatment measures, namely a bottom plate, a top plate and a coal seam according to implementation places, and different prevention and treatment measures are adopted according to different rock burst types and main disaster causing factors. Roof pre-splitting measures (including roof pre-splitting blasting, roof hydraulic fracturing and the like) are widely applied in the actual prevention and treatment process, generally, a hole is drilled in a coal seam roof in a coal face roadway with impact risk, then the key rock stratum of the roof is pre-split by adopting a blasting or hydraulic fracturing mode, however, how to evaluate the actual pressure relief effect is, and how to optimize the existing construction technical scheme is always a field technical problem in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a roof pre-splitting measure effect evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring, which is mainly suitable for roof pre-splitting measure effect evaluation and technical method optimization of a rock burst mine.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a roof pre-splitting measure effect evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring comprises the following steps:
step 1: setting contrast area and sample area
And 2, step: core-removing hole for construction
Carrying out top plate coring hole construction in the roadways of the comparison area and the sample area, and determining the actual rock stratum structure of the coal seam top plate, wherein the vertical height of the coring hole is not less than the vertical height of the analysis area and the sample area;
and 3, step 3: implementing roof presplitting measures
The roof pre-splitting measures are implemented in the comparison area, and no roof pre-splitting measures are constructed in the sample area or other roof pre-splitting measures of different types are constructed to realize comparison analysis of pressure relief effects of different measures; collecting microseismic monitoring data of the working face during the recovery period in the contrast area and the sample area;
and 4, step 4: microseismic event screening
Screening the microseismic monitoring data in the extraction periods in the contrast area and the sample area, and screening out microseismic events in the contrast area and the sample area;
and 5: vertical distribution characteristic of microseismic events
Combing the actual height and thickness of each rock stratum of the rock stratum structure measured in the step 3, and counting the accumulated number q of all microseismic events in each rock stratum screened in the step 4 in the comparison area di Cumulative energy e di Average energy a di Wherein:
a di ＝q di /e di ,i＝1,2,3..n
counting the accumulated number q of all the microseismic events screened in the step 4 in each stratum in the sample area yi Cumulative energy e yi Average energy a yi Wherein:
a yi ＝q yi /e yi ,i＝1,2,3..n
and 6: contrast zone and sample zone hierarchical partitioning
The contrast area and the sample area are divided into three different layers, namely areas I, II and III; wherein:
II, a direct influence area of a top plate pre-splitting measure, and a vertical projection range of the explosive length of the blast hole for top plate pre-splitting blasting;
i, taking a pre-splitting measure from a coal seam floor to a roof to directly influence the bottom of the area;
III, directly influencing the top of the zone to the vertical maximum height of the contrast zone and the sample zone by a top plate pre-splitting measure;
and 7: effectiveness evaluation of roof pre-splitting measure effect
And step 8: and (3) repeating the steps 1-7, continuously optimizing the pre-splitting measure effect of the roof, and determining the optimal roof pre-splitting method and technical parameters applicable to the mine after a large amount of practice is carried out on site.
The invention is further improved in that, in the step 1, the contrast area and the sample area are set according to the following principle:
in the moving direction, firstly, determining the moving length of a contrast area, which is generally not less than 100m, according to the actual implementation area of the roof pre-splitting measure; the sample area needs to be adjacent to the contrast area, and the run length of the sample area is equal to that of the contrast area;
in the trend direction, 30m on each side of the top plate pre-splitting area is selected as a comparison area and a sample area trend comparison area during first analysis, and the later period can be continuously optimized according to the actual analysis effect;
in the vertical direction, the vertical height of the comparison area is equal to that of the sample area, the range of the pre-splitting measure area from the coal seam floor to the top plate is 30m above the pre-splitting measure area during first analysis, and the later period can be continuously optimized according to the actual analysis effect.
The invention is further improved in that in step 7, the effectiveness evaluation of the roof pre-splitting measure is carried out according to the following criteria:
in II:
in III:
in I:
in the formula: l, j and k respectively represent the number of rock stratums in the I, II and III areas, and l + j + k = n;
if the three roof pre-splitting measures meet the requirement of at least two roof pre-splitting measures, judging that the pre-splitting effect of the roof pre-splitting measure constructed in the comparison area is better than that of the roof pre-splitting measure constructed in a sample area or other different types of roof pre-splitting measures are constructed, otherwise, judging that the pre-splitting effect is poorer, and adjusting the technical parameters of the roof pre-splitting measures;
in the above formula: q Ⅱi Representing the increase/decrease of the accumulated number of microseismic events in the ith stratum in the area directly influenced by the roof pre-splitting measure;
E Ⅱi representing the accumulated energy increase/decrease amplitude of the microseismic event in the ith stratum in the area directly influenced by the roof pre-splitting measure;
A Ⅱi representing the average energy increase/decrease amplitude of microseismic events in the ith formation in the region directly affected by the roof pre-splitting measure;
Q Ⅲi representing the increase/decrease of the accumulated number of microseismic events in the ith rock stratum from the top of the direct influence area of the top plate pre-splitting measure to the vertical maximum height of the contrast area and the sample area;
E Ⅲi showing that the amplitude increase/decrease of the microseismic event accumulated energy in the ith stratum from the top of the area directly influenced by the top plate pre-splitting measure to the vertical maximum height of the contrast area and the sample area;
A Ⅲi representing the average energy increasing/decreasing amplitude of microseismic events in the ith stratum from the top of the area directly influenced by the top plate pre-splitting measure to the vertical maximum height of the contrast area and the sample area;
Q Ⅰi representing the increase/decrease amplitude of the accumulated number of microseismic events in the ith rock stratum within the range from the bottom plate of the coal seam to the top plate of the coal seam to the direct influence of the pre-splitting measure on the bottom of the area;
E Ⅰi representing the accumulated energy increasing/decreasing amplitude of the microseismic event in the ith rock stratum within the range from the bottom plate of the coal seam to the top plate of the coal seam to be directly influenced by the pre-splitting measure;
A Ⅰi indicating direct impact of coal seam floor to roof pre-splitting measuresThe mean energy increase/decrease of microseismic events in the ith formation within the zone bottom zone.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the top plate pre-splitting measure is implemented in the comparison area, the top plate pre-splitting measure is not implemented in the sample area, and the actual pressure relief effect of the top plate pre-splitting measure can be evaluated quantitatively by analyzing the energy, frequency and average energy changes of microseismic events in the comparison area and the sample area along the actually measured rock stratum structure;
2. roof pre-splitting measures with different methods and different technical parameters are implemented in the comparison area and the sample area, the actual pressure relief effect of the roof pre-splitting measures with different methods and different technical parameters can be quantitatively compared by analyzing the energy, frequency and average energy change of microseismic events in the comparison area and the sample area along the actually measured rock stratum structure, and the optimization and optimization of the roof pre-splitting measures and parameters are carried out.
3. By the method, the pressure relief effect of the top plate pre-splitting measure can be quantitatively evaluated, and the method has a great guiding significance for preventing and controlling the on-site rock burst.
In summary, the invention provides a roof pre-splitting measure effect evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring on the basis of long-term roof pre-splitting measure field implementation and microseismic monitoring data analysis in the actual research process, a roof pre-splitting measure effect quantitative evaluation method is formed by analyzing microseismic event index change in a roof pre-splitting measure influence area, and the pre-splitting measure scheme can be adjusted and optimized according to the method so as to improve the effectiveness of measures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the flow principle of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for evaluating the effect of roof pre-splitting measures based on microseismic monitoring provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: setting a contrast area and a sample area
The working face of the embodiment is a 31103-1 working face with a certain mine danger of rock burst, the dynamic display of the working face during the stoping period of the return airway is frequent, and therefore roof presplitting blasting is adopted to carry out roof presplitting blasting in the return airway. Before the evaluation of the top plate pre-splitting effect, the contrast area and the sample area are set as follows: carrying out a top plate blasting measure when the distance from the cut hole is 850m, and analyzing the effect by taking the ranges of 200m on both sides of the blasting starting point as a comparison area (namely a blasting area) and a sample area (namely a non-blasting area); the charge range of the presplitting blasting drill hole of the top plate of the return airway is 20m from the edge of the section coal pillar to the adjacent goaf, so the inclined ranges of the contrast area and the sample area are 70m (20 m of the section coal pillar) from the auxiliary side coal wall of the return airway to the adjacent goaf and 10m from the auxiliary side coal wall of the return airway to the coal side of the working entity; the air way is withdrawn in the vertical direction within the range of 60m above the bottom plate to the top plate of the roadway.
Step 2: core-removing hole for construction
And (3) carrying out roof coring hole construction in the roadways of the comparison area and the sample area, and determining the actual rock stratum structure of the coal seam roof, wherein the vertical height of the coring hole is not less than the vertical height of the analysis area and the sample area.
And step 3: implementing roof presplitting measures
Drilling and coring are carried out within 60m of the coal seam roof in a comparison area (blasting area), and the stratum structures of the coal seam roof exposed by coring holes are shown in a table 1. The working face is provided with the microseismic monitoring system, and since 5 months in 2019, the microseismic monitoring system accumulatively receives 20778 effective microseismic events.
TABLE 1 working face coring borehole uncovering formation column
And 4, step 4: microseismic event screening
Screening the microseismic monitoring data in the extraction periods in the contrast area and the sample area, and screening out microseismic events in the contrast area and the sample area;
and 5: vertical distribution characteristic of microseismic events
And (4) combing the actual height and thickness of each rock stratum of the rock stratum structure measured in the step (3), and counting the accumulated number, the accumulated energy and the average energy of all the microseismic events screened out in the step (4) in the comparison area and the sample area, wherein the accumulated number, the accumulated energy and the average energy are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 microseismic event vertical distribution feature statistics
And 6: contrast zone and sample zone hierarchical partitioning
Dividing the contrast area and the sample area into three different layers, namely I, II and III areas; wherein:
II, directly influencing a top plate pre-splitting measure, namely 22-50 m above the top plate;
i, taking a pre-splitting measure from a coal seam floor to a top plate to directly influence the bottom of the area, namely, 4-22 m above the top plate;
III, directly influencing the maximum height from the top of the zone to the vertical direction of the contrast zone and the sample zone by a top plate pre-splitting measure, namely, 50-60 m above the top plate;
and 7: the effectiveness evaluation of the effect of the roof pre-splitting measure is carried out according to the following criteria
TABLE 3 evaluation results of effectiveness of roof pre-splitting measures
The three conditions all meet the judgment condition, so that the roof presplitting blasting measure presplitting effect of construction in the comparison area is judged to be better.
Claims (2)
1. A roof pre-splitting measure effect evaluation method based on microseismic monitoring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: setting a contrast area and a sample area;
step 2: constructing a coring hole;
carrying out top plate coring hole construction in the roadways of the comparison area and the sample area, and determining the actual rock stratum structure of the coal seam top plate, wherein the vertical height of the coring hole is not less than the vertical height of the analysis area and the sample area;
and 3, step 3: implementing a top plate pre-cracking measure;
the top plate pre-splitting measures are implemented in the comparison area, and the pressure relief effect comparison analysis of different measures is implemented without constructing any top plate pre-splitting measures or constructing other top plate pre-splitting measures of different types in the sample area; collecting microseismic monitoring data of the working face during the recovery period in the contrast area and the sample area;
and 4, step 4: screening microseismic events;
screening microseismic monitoring data in the extraction periods in the contrast area and the sample area, and screening microseismic events in the contrast area and the sample area;
and 5: the microseismic events are characterized by vertical distribution;
combing the actual height and thickness of each rock stratum of the rock stratum structure obtained in the step 3, and counting the total number q of all microseismic events screened out in the step 4 in each rock stratum in the comparison area di Total energy e di Average energy a di Wherein:
a di ＝e di /q di ,i＝1,2,3..n
counting the total number q of all the microseismic events screened out in the step 4 in the sample area in each stratum yi Total energy e yi Average energy a yi Wherein:
a yi ＝e yi /q yi ,i＝1,2,3..n
step 6: the contrast area and the sample area are divided into layers;
the contrast area and the sample area are divided into three different layers, namely areas I, II and III; wherein:
II, a direct influence area of the top plate pre-splitting measure is used, and the vertical projection range of the explosive length of the blast hole is used for top plate pre-splitting blasting;
i, taking a pre-splitting measure from a coal seam floor to a roof to directly influence the bottom of the area;
III, directly influencing the top of the zone to the vertical maximum height of the contrast zone and the sample zone by a top plate pre-splitting measure;
and 7: carrying out effectiveness evaluation on the effect of the roof pre-splitting measure;
and (3) evaluating the effectiveness of the roof pre-splitting measure according to the following criteria:
in II:
In III:
In I:
In the formula: l, j and k respectively represent the number of rock stratums in the I, II and III areas, and l + j + k = n;
if the three roof pre-splitting measures meet the requirement of at least two roof pre-splitting measures, judging that the pre-splitting effect of the roof pre-splitting measure constructed in the comparison area is better than that of the roof pre-splitting measure which is not constructed in the sample area or is constructed in other different types, otherwise, judging that the pre-splitting effect is poor, and adjusting the technical parameters of the roof pre-splitting measure;
in the above formula: q Ⅱi Representing the increase/decrease of the accumulated number of microseismic events in the ith stratum in the area directly influenced by the roof pre-splitting measure;
E Ⅱi representing the accumulated energy increase/decrease amplitude of the microseismic event in the ith stratum in the direct influence area of the top plate pre-splitting measure;
A Ⅱi representing the average energy increase/decrease amplitude of microseismic events in the ith formation in the region directly affected by the roof pre-splitting measure;
Q Ⅲi representing the increase/decrease of the accumulated number of microseismic events in the ith rock stratum from the top of the direct influence area of the top plate pre-splitting measure to the vertical maximum height of the contrast area and the sample area;
E Ⅲi representing the accumulated energy increase/decrease amplitude of microseismic events in the ith rock stratum from the top of the direct influence area of the top plate pre-splitting measure to the vertical maximum height of the contrast area and the sample area;
A Ⅲi representing the average energy increase/decrease amplitude of microseismic events in the ith stratum from the top of the area directly influenced by the top plate pre-splitting measure to the vertical maximum height of the contrast area and the sample area;
Q Ⅰi representing the increase/decrease amplitude of the accumulated number of microseismic events in the ith rock stratum within the range from the bottom plate of the coal seam to the top plate of the coal seam to the direct influence of the pre-splitting measure on the bottom of the area;
E Ⅰi indicating that the measure of the coal seam floor to the roof directly affects the ith rock stratum in the bottom range of the areaThe accumulated energy increase/decrease amplitude of the microseismic events;
A Ⅰi representing the average energy increasing/decreasing amplitude of the microseismic event in the ith rock stratum within the range from the bottom plate of the coal seam to the top plate of the coal seam to be directly influenced;
and 8: and (4) repeating the steps 1-7, continuously optimizing the effect of the roof pre-splitting measure, and determining the optimal roof pre-splitting method and technical parameters suitable for the mine after a large amount of practice is carried out on site.
2. The method for evaluating the effect of the roof pre-splitting measure based on the microseismic monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the comparison area and the sample area are set according to the following principle:
in the moving direction, firstly, determining the moving length of a contrast area, generally not less than 100m, according to the actual implementation area of the roof pre-splitting measure; the sample area needs to be adjacent to the contrast area, and the run length of the sample area is equal to that of the contrast area;
in the trend direction, 30m on each side of the pre-splitting area of the top plate is selected as a contrast area and a sample area trend contrast area during the first analysis, and the optimization can be continuously carried out in the later stage according to the actual analysis effect;
in the vertical direction, the vertical height of the comparison area is equal to that of the sample area, the range of the pre-splitting measure area from the coal seam floor to the top plate is 30m above the pre-splitting measure area during first analysis, and the later period can be continuously optimized according to the actual analysis effect.
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