WO2020093813A1 - Frozen aquifer-based method for underground longwall face coal mining under water-containing condition - Google Patents

Frozen aquifer-based method for underground longwall face coal mining under water-containing condition Download PDF

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WO2020093813A1
WO2020093813A1 PCT/CN2019/108477 CN2019108477W WO2020093813A1 WO 2020093813 A1 WO2020093813 A1 WO 2020093813A1 CN 2019108477 W CN2019108477 W CN 2019108477W WO 2020093813 A1 WO2020093813 A1 WO 2020093813A1
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aquifer
freezing
mining
working face
target
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PCT/CN2019/108477
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Chinese (zh)
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范钢伟
张东升
张世忠
李其振
刘邦
信连凯
刘思想
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to AU2019376347A priority Critical patent/AU2019376347B2/en
Publication of WO2020093813A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020093813A1/en
Priority to ZA2021/02741A priority patent/ZA202102741B/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal

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  • the frozen water-preserving coal mining method freezes the aquifer within the mining range according to the occurrence of underground water in the mine, thereby forming a frozen wall or frozen circle layer. Enables the groundwater to quickly recover to its original level after harvesting, protecting water resources and the surface ecological environment; (2) Compared with the existing technology, this method reduces the use of water-retaining structures and facilitates the recovery work after the end of mining.
  • the second step determine the freezing position of the target aquifer: in the advancing direction of the working face, the horizontal distance of the freezing curtain 1 from the opening or closing eye In the direction of the parallel working surface 3, the horizontal distance between the freezing curtain 1 and the upper end of the working surface 3 Horizontal distance between freezing curtain 1 and working surface 3
  • the fifth step is to determine the thawing time of the target aquifer according to the geological information and technical parameters determined in the first step, and then thawing; after thawing, the aquifer recharge is restored and the runoff conditions are automatically restored.
  • the diameter of the freezing hole 2 is 150 mm
  • the spacing of the freezing holes 2 is 1.2 to 1.5 m
  • the width of the curtain is 0.5 to 1.5 m
  • the depth of the final hole of the freezing hole 2 is deeper than the aquifer.
  • the temperature is maintained at -30 °C ⁇ -35 °C, and the initial freezing time is above 48h.
  • freezing holes are arranged to form a freezing curtain: at the freezing position, a freezing hole group with a diameter of 150 mm, a freezing hole spacing of 1.5 m, a curtain width of 0.5 to 1.5 m, and a freezing hole are set
  • the bottom end is 5m deep inside the water barrier, the condensation medium in the freezing hole is brine, the temperature is maintained at -30 °C ⁇ -35 °C, and the initial freezing time is above 48h;

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

A frozen aquifer-based method for underground longwall face coal mining under water-containing condition. Said method considers overburden movement features during mining, comprising: by means of target aquifer spatial position, face mining size, buried depth and mining subsidence parameters, determining parameters such as the position, thickness and freezing time of a frozen curtain of an aquifer before mining; performing extraction on the face after the frozen curtain is formed; and after the extraction on the face has been completed for a certain period of time, performing unfreezing to recover aquosity of the aquifer. Said method is simple and easy to practice, has a reasonable design, and is able to achieve safe and efficient coal mining based on water resource protection, coordinating resource mining with ecological environment protection.

Description

一种基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法Coal mining method for retaining water based on long-wall underground working face based on aquifer freezing 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种井工煤矿松散含水层下的保水开采方法，具体涉及一种基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法，属于煤炭地下开采技术领域。The invention relates to a water-retaining mining method under a loose aquifer in a well engineering coal mine, in particular to a water-retaining coal mining method for an underground long-wall working face based on freezing of an aquifer, which belongs to the technical field of underground coal mining.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国煤炭资源战略转移和开采技术水平的不断提升，煤炭生产呈现大规模、高强度的开采模式。然而，忽略水资源的保护容易造成水土流失、土地荒漠化等一系列生态环境恶化问题，而破坏后的生态修复往往成本高且难度大。煤炭行业发展的新常态下，“煤炭生产模式必须转变为安全、高效、智能、绿色开采”，在煤炭开发过程中，必须以水资源承载力为基础约束之一，通过在开采过程中采取有效的保水措施以保证安全高效的开采。With the strategic transfer of coal resources in China and the continuous improvement of mining technology, coal production has exhibited large-scale and high-strength mining modes. However, ignoring the protection of water resources is likely to cause a series of ecological environment deterioration problems such as soil erosion and land desertification, and the ecological restoration after destruction is often costly and difficult. Under the new normal development of the coal industry, "coal production model must be transformed into safe, efficient, intelligent, and green mining". During the coal development process, one of the constraints based on the carrying capacity of water resources must be adopted. Water conservation measures to ensure safe and efficient mining.
目前国内外对保水开采方法进行了很多的有益探索。主要关键技术为：(1)限高或分层开采技术，以降低导水裂隙带发育高度；(2)条带开采或房柱式开采等部分开采方法，通过留煤柱支撑覆岩减弱采动影响；(3)采空区充填的方式来减少覆岩运移空间；(4)在注浆帷幕内疏干地下水再进行开采，从安全的角度防治水灾，但造成了水资源的流失且采后含水层失去含水功能。这些技术或存在资源回收率低、或开采效率低或水资源存在部分流失等问题。对于西部大型煤炭基地来说，如何实现基于水资源保护的高回收率、高效开采是煤炭行业亟待解决的问题。At present, many beneficial explorations have been made on water conservation mining methods at home and abroad. The main key technologies are: (1) height-limiting or layered mining technology to reduce the development height of water-conducting fissure zone; (2) strip mining or room and pillar mining and other partial mining methods, weakening mining by supporting coal pillars Dynamic impact; (3) filling the mined-out area to reduce the space for overburden migration; (4) draining the groundwater in the grouting curtain and then mining to prevent floods from a safety point of view, but causing the loss of water resources and After mining, the aquifer loses its water function. These technologies may have problems such as low resource recovery rate, low mining efficiency, or partial loss of water resources. For large coal bases in the west, how to achieve high recovery rate and high-efficiency mining based on water resources protection is an urgent problem to be solved by the coal industry.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了克服现有技术存在的各种不足，本发明提供一种基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法，同时考虑采动过程中覆岩移动特征，可以有效阻隔周边地下水向开采范围涌入，减少保水过程中构筑物的使用，有利于回采结束后的恢复工作，保证回采工作进度。In order to overcome various deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for coal mining based on aquifer freezing for long-wall underground working face water conservation, while considering the characteristics of overburden movement during mining, which can effectively block the surrounding groundwater to the mining range The influx reduces the use of structures in the process of water conservation, which is conducive to the recovery work after the end of mining and guarantees the progress of mining work.
为了解决上述问题，本发明一种基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法，同时考虑采动过程中覆岩移动特征，包括以下步骤：In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for water-preserving coal mining based on aquifer freezing in underground long-wall working face, while considering the characteristics of overburden movement during mining, including the following steps:
第一步、获取目标工作面范围内的水文地质信息和基于采动过程中覆岩移动特征的工程技术参数，水文地质信息包括：目标含水层和隔水层的空间位置，目标含水层的补给、径流和排泄信息；工程技术参数包括：工作面长度L，基岩沿走向方向的移动角δ，上山方向移动角γ，下山方向移动角β，工作面中心线、工作面上端头、工作面下端头与含水层底边界垂直距离分别为H、H 1、H 2； The first step is to obtain hydrogeological information within the target face and engineering technical parameters based on the characteristics of overburden movement during mining. The hydrogeological information includes: the spatial location of the target aquifer and aquifer, and the recharge of the target aquifer , Runoff and discharge information; engineering technical parameters include: working face length L, bedrock movement angle δ, uphill movement angle γ, downhill movement angle β, working face centerline, working face end, working face The vertical distance between the lower end and the bottom boundary of the aquifer is H, H 1 and H 2 respectively ;
第二步、根据第一步中的地质信息和技术参数，确定目标含水层的冻结位置：工作面推进方向上，冻结帷幕距离开切眼或收切眼水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000001
平行工作面方向上，冻结帷幕与工作面上端头水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000002
冻结帷幕与工作面下端头水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000003
The second step, according to the geological information and technical parameters in the first step, determine the freezing position of the target aquifer: in the advancing direction of the working face, the freezing curtain is horizontal distance from the opening or closing eye
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000001
In the direction of the parallel working surface, the horizontal distance between the freezing curtain and the end of the working surface
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000002
Horizontal distance between freezing curtain and lower end of working face
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000003
第三步、在所述目标含水层的冻结位置，布置冻结孔形成冻结帷幕；The third step is to arrange freezing holes to form a freezing curtain at the freezing position of the target aquifer;
第四步、待冻结帷幕形成后开始在目标工作面范围内进行回采作业；The fourth step is to start the mining operation within the target working face after the frozen curtain is formed;
第五步、根据第一步中确定的地质信息和技术参数确定目标含水层的解冻时间，然后进行解冻；解冻后恢复含水层补给、径流条件自动恢复。The fifth step is to determine the thawing time of the target aquifer according to the geological information and technical parameters determined in the first step, and then thawing; after thawing, the aquifer recharge is restored and the runoff conditions are automatically restored.
进一步的，第三步中冻结孔的直径为150mm、冻结孔间距1.2～1.5m、帷幕宽度0.5～1.5m，且冻结孔的终孔深入到隔水层内部的深度应大于含水层厚度的1/4～1/3位置处，温度维持在-30℃～-35℃、初次冻结时间在48h以上。Further, the diameter of the freezing hole in the third step is 150 mm, the spacing of the freezing holes is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and the width of the curtain is 0.5 to 1.5 m, and the depth of the final hole of the freezing hole into the water barrier should be greater than 1 of the thickness of the aquifer / 4 ~ 1/3 position, the temperature is maintained at -30 ℃ ~ -35 ℃, the initial freezing time is more than 48h.
进一步的，采区内第n个工作面在相邻
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000004
个工作面开采完毕后进行解冻，采区中最后开采的一个工作面在3个月后解冻。 Further, the nth working face in the mining area is adjacent
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000004
The working face will be thawed after mining, and the last working face mined in the mining area will be thawed after 3 months.
进一步的，在第四步进行回采作业的同时对工作面和工作面影响范围内含水层水位进行监测。Further, in the fourth step, the mining operation is carried out while monitoring the working face and the water level of the aquifer in the affected area of the working face.
本发明与现有技术相比，其进步在于：(1)该冻结保水采煤方法根据矿井的地下水赋存情况，在开采范围内对含水层进行冻结，从而形成冻结墙体或者冻结圈层，使采后地下水能够迅速恢复至原有水平，保护水资源以及地表生态环境；(2)相较于现有技术，该方法减少了保水中构筑物的使用，利于实现回采结束后的恢复工作，极大降低开采对地下水的影响；(3)该方法施工过程不会对矿井的正常生产活动造成干扰，保证回采的工作进度；(4)尤其在高寒地区，可以在冬季进行冻结后回采，夏季进行解冻与含水层功能恢复，冻结效率高，且对水资源的径流、排泄条件及对生态的扰动小。Compared with the prior art, the improvement of the present invention lies in: (1) The frozen water-preserving coal mining method freezes the aquifer within the mining range according to the occurrence of underground water in the mine, thereby forming a frozen wall or frozen circle layer. Enables the groundwater to quickly recover to its original level after harvesting, protecting water resources and the surface ecological environment; (2) Compared with the existing technology, this method reduces the use of water-retaining structures and facilitates the recovery work after the end of mining. Greatly reduce the impact of mining on groundwater; (3) The construction process of this method will not interfere with the normal production activities of the mine and ensure the progress of mining work; (4) Especially in high and cold areas, it can be frozen and recovered in winter and carried out in summer Defrosting and aquifer function recovery, high freezing efficiency, and little disturbance to water resources runoff, discharge conditions and ecology.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION
图1是本发明煤矿开采工作面范围内的冻结布置示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the freezing arrangement within the scope of the coal mining face of the present invention;
图2是图1中煤矿开采工作面切眼上方的冻结布置A-A向剖面；Figure 2 is the A-A section of the freezing arrangement above the cutout of the coal mining face in Figure 1;
图中：1、冻结帷幕；2、冻结孔；3、工作面；4、等水位线；5、含水层；6、隔水层；7、煤层。In the picture: 1. Freezing curtain; 2. Freezing hole; 3. Working face; 4. Equal water level; 5. Aquifer; 6. Water barrier; 7. Coal seam.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做详细的阐述。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
如图1和图2所示，一种基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法，同时考虑采动过程中覆岩移动特征，包括以下步骤：As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a method of coal mining based on water retention and preservation of underground long-wall working face, considering the characteristics of overburden movement during mining, includes the following steps:
第一步、获取目标工作面范围内的水文地质和基于采动过程中覆岩移动特征的工程技术参数，水文地质包括：目标含水层5和隔水层6的空间位置，目标含水层5的补给、径流和排泄信息；工程技术参数包括：工作面3长度L，基岩沿走向方向的移动角δ，上山方向移动角γ，下山方向移动角β，工作面3中心线、工作面3上端头、工作面3下端头与含水层底边界垂直距离分别为H、H 1、H 2；4为等水位线、7为煤层； The first step is to obtain the hydrogeology and engineering technical parameters based on the characteristics of overburden movement during mining. The hydrogeology includes: the spatial location of the target aquifer 5 and the aquifer 6 and the target aquifer 5 Recharge, runoff and discharge information; engineering technical parameters include: working face 3 length L, bedrock movement angle δ, uphill movement angle γ, downhill movement angle β, working surface 3 center line, working surface 3 upper end The vertical distance between the lower end of the head and working face 3 and the bottom boundary of the aquifer are H, H 1 and H 2 respectively ; 4 is the iso-water level and 7 is the coal seam;
第二步、根据第一步中的地质信息和技术参数，确定目标含水层的冻结位置：工作面推进方向上，冻结帷幕1距离开切眼或收切眼水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000005
平行工作面3方向上，冻结帷幕1与工作面3上端头水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000006
冻结帷幕1与工作面3下端头水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000007
The second step, according to the geological information and technical parameters in the first step, determine the freezing position of the target aquifer: in the advancing direction of the working face, the horizontal distance of the freezing curtain 1 from the opening or closing eye
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000005
In the direction of the parallel working surface 3, the horizontal distance between the freezing curtain 1 and the upper end of the working surface 3
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000006
Horizontal distance between freezing curtain 1 and working surface 3
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000007
如图2所示，第三步、在所述目标含水层5的冻结位置，布置冻结孔2形成冻结帷幕 1；As shown in FIG. 2, in the third step, at the freezing position of the target aquifer 5, freezing holes 2 are arranged to form a freezing curtain 1;
第四步、待冻结帷幕1形成后开始在目标工作面范围内进行回采作业；The fourth step is to start the mining operation within the target face after the freezing curtain 1 is formed;
第五步、根据第一步中确定的地质信息和技术参数确定目标含水层的解冻时间，然后进行解冻；解冻后恢复含水层补给、径流条件自动恢复。The fifth step is to determine the thawing time of the target aquifer according to the geological information and technical parameters determined in the first step, and then thawing; after thawing, the aquifer recharge is restored and the runoff conditions are automatically restored.
进一步的，第三步中冻结孔2的直径为150mm、冻结孔2间距1.2～1.5m、帷幕宽度0.5～1.5m，且冻结孔2的终孔深入到隔水层内部的深度应大于含水层厚度的1/4～1/3位置处，温度维持在-30℃～-35℃、初次冻结时间在48h以上。Further, in the third step, the diameter of the freezing hole 2 is 150 mm, the spacing of the freezing holes 2 is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and the width of the curtain is 0.5 to 1.5 m, and the depth of the final hole of the freezing hole 2 is deeper than the aquifer. At the position of 1/4 ～ 1/3 of the thickness, the temperature is maintained at -30 ℃ ～ -35 ℃, and the initial freezing time is above 48h.
进一步的，采区内第n个工作面在相邻
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000008
个工作面开采完毕后进行解冻，采区中最后开采的一个工作面在3个月后解冻。 Further, the nth working face in the mining area is adjacent
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000008
The working face will be thawed after mining, and the last working face mined in the mining area will be thawed after 3 months.
进一步的，在第四步进行回采作业的同时对工作面和工作面影响范围内含水层水位进行监测。Further, in the fourth step, the mining operation is carried out while monitoring the working face and the water level of the aquifer in the affected area of the working face.
下面以具体实施例对本发明做详细解释。The present invention is explained in detail below with specific examples.
以中国西北某矿为例，第一步，获取目标工作面范围内的水文地质信息和基于采动过程中覆岩移动特征的工程技术参数，含水层位于第四季松散沙层下部，为砂砾岩空隙含水层，含水层厚度平均12m，富水性中等偏弱，主要为季节性天然冰雪融水补给，无地表径流及水体，为相对独立、封闭、整体为贫水的水文地质单元；工程技术参数：工作面长度120m，采高5m，基岩沿走向方向的移动角δ＝73°，上山方向移动角γ＝69°，下山方向移动角β＝72°，工作面中心线、工作面上端头、工作面下端头与含水层底边界垂直距离分别为H＝158m、H 1＝122m、H 2＝176m； Taking a mine in northwest China as an example, the first step is to obtain hydrogeological information and engineering technical parameters based on the characteristics of overburden movement during mining. The aquifer is located in the lower part of the loose sand layer in the fourth season, which is gravel Rock void aquifer, with an average aquifer thickness of 12m, moderate to weak water richness, mainly replenishment of seasonal natural ice and snow melt water, no surface runoff and water bodies, relatively independent, closed, overall water-poor hydrogeological unit; engineering technology Parameters: working face length 120m, mining height 5m, bedrock movement angle δ = 73 °, uphill movement angle γ = 69 °, downhill movement angle β = 72 °, working surface centerline, working surface upper end The vertical distance between the head and the lower end of the working face and the bottom boundary of the aquifer are H = 158m, H 1 = 122m, and H 2 = 176m, respectively;
第二步，根据第一步中的地质信息和技术参数，确定目标含水层的冻结位置：工作面推进方向上，冻结帷幕距离开切眼或收切眼水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000009
平行工作面方向上，冻结帷幕与工作面上端头水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000010
冻结帷幕与与工作面下端头水平距离
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000011
The second step is to determine the freezing position of the target aquifer according to the geological information and technical parameters in the first step: the horizontal distance of the frozen curtain from the opening or closing eye in the advancing direction of the working face
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000009
In the direction of the parallel working surface, the horizontal distance between the freezing curtain and the end of the working surface
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000010
Horizontal distance between the freezing curtain and the lower end of the working face
Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-000011
第三步，在所述目标含水层的冻结位置，布置冻结孔形成冻结帷幕：冻结位置处，设置直径为150mm的冻结孔群、冻结孔间距为1.5m、帷幕宽度0.5～1.5m、冻结孔底端深入到隔水层内部5m的位置、冻结孔内冷凝介质为盐水，温度维持在-30℃～-35℃、初次冻结时间在48h以上；In the third step, at the freezing position of the target aquifer, freezing holes are arranged to form a freezing curtain: at the freezing position, a freezing hole group with a diameter of 150 mm, a freezing hole spacing of 1.5 m, a curtain width of 0.5 to 1.5 m, and a freezing hole are set The bottom end is 5m deep inside the water barrier, the condensation medium in the freezing hole is brine, the temperature is maintained at -30 ℃ ～ -35 ℃, and the initial freezing time is above 48h;
第四步，待冻结帷幕形成后开始在目标工作面范围内进行回采作业，同时对工作面和工作面影响范围内含水层水位进行监测；The fourth step is to start the mining operation within the target working face after the freezing curtain is formed, and at the same time to monitor the working face and the water level of the aquifer within the working face influence range;
第五步，工作面应其后顺序接替第三个工作面回采完毕后进行解冻，采区中最后开采的一个工作面在三个月后解冻；解冻后恢复含水层补给、径流条件自动恢复。In the fifth step, the working face should succeed to the third working face and then be thawed after completion of mining. The last working face mined in the mining area is thawed after three months; after thawing, aquifer recharge is restored and runoff conditions are automatically restored.

Claims (4)

  1. 一种基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法，同时考虑采动过程中覆岩移动特征，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A method for coal mining based on water retention in underground long-wall working face based on freezing of aquifer, while considering the characteristics of overburden movement during mining, which is characterized by the following steps:
    第一步、获取目标工作面范围内的水文地质信息和基于采动过程中覆岩移动特征的工程技术参数，水文地质信息包括：目标含水层和隔水层的空间位置，目标含水层的补给、径流和排泄信息；工程技术参数包括：工作面长度L，基岩沿走向方向的移动角δ，上山方向移动角γ，下山方向移动角β，工作面中心线、工作面上端头、工作面下端头与含水层底边界垂直距离分别为H、H 1、H 2； The first step is to obtain hydrogeological information within the target face and engineering technical parameters based on the characteristics of overburden movement during mining. The hydrogeological information includes: the spatial location of the target aquifer and aquifer, and the recharge of the target aquifer , Runoff and discharge information; engineering technical parameters include: working face length L, bedrock movement angle δ, uphill movement angle γ, downhill movement angle β, working face centerline, working face end, working face The vertical distance between the lower end and the bottom boundary of the aquifer is H, H 1 and H 2 respectively ;
    第二步、根据第一步中的地质信息和技术参数，确定目标含水层的冻结位置；The second step is to determine the freezing position of the target aquifer based on the geological information and technical parameters in the first step;
    第三步、在所述目标含水层的冻结位置，布置冻结孔形成冻结帷幕，其中冻结孔的直径为150mm、冻结孔间距1.2～1.5m、帷幕宽度0.5～1.5m；The third step is to arrange freezing holes to form a freezing curtain at the freezing position of the target aquifer, wherein the diameter of the freezing holes is 150 mm, the freezing hole spacing is 1.2 to 1.5 m, and the width of the curtain is 0.5 to 1.5 m;
    第四步、待冻结帷幕形成后开始在目标工作面范围内进行回采作业；The fourth step is to start the mining operation within the target working face after the frozen curtain is formed;
    第五步、根据第一步中确定的地质信息和技术参数确定目标含水层的解冻时间，然后进行解冻；解冻后恢复含水层补给、径流条件自动恢复。The fifth step is to determine the thawing time of the target aquifer according to the geological information and technical parameters determined in the first step, and then thawing; after thawing, the aquifer recharge is restored and the runoff conditions are automatically restored.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法，其特征在于，第二步中目标含水层的冻结位置为：工作面推进方向上，冻结帷幕距离开切眼或收切眼水平距离
    Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-100001
    平行工作面方向上，冻结帷幕与工作面上端头水平距离
    Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-100002
    冻结帷幕与工作面下端头水平距离
    Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-100003
    The water-retaining coal mining method of underground long-wall working face based on aquifer freezing according to claim 1, characterized in that the freezing position of the target aquifer in the second step is: in the direction of the working face advancement, the freezing curtain distance is cut Or close the eye horizontal distance
    Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-100001
    In the direction of the parallel working surface, the horizontal distance between the freezing curtain and the end of the working surface
    Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-100002
    Horizontal distance between freezing curtain and lower end of working face
    Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-100003
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法，其特征在于，第三步中冻结孔的终孔深入到隔水层内部的深度应大于含水层厚度的1/4～1/3位置处，温度维持在-30℃～-35℃、初次冻结时间在48h以上。The water-retaining coal mining method for underground long-wall working face based on aquifer freezing according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the final hole of the freezing hole in the third step is deeper than the thickness of the aquifer 1 / 4 ~ 1/3 position, the temperature is maintained at -30 ℃ ~ -35 ℃, the initial freezing time is more than 48h.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于含水层冻结的地下长壁工作面保水采煤方法，其特征在于，第五步中目标含水层解冻时机为：采区内第n个工作面在相邻
    Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-100004
    个工作面开采完毕后进行解冻，采区中最后开采的一个工作面在3个月后解冻。     The water-preserving coal mining method for underground long-wall working faces based on aquifer freezing according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the fifth step, the thawing timing of the target aquifer is: the nth working face in the mining area is adjacent
    Figure PCTCN2019108477-appb-100004
    The working face will be thawed after mining, and the last working face mined in the mining area will be thawed after 3 months.
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