CN106050234B - The construction technology that underground water is protected in progress of coal mining - Google Patents
The construction technology that underground water is protected in progress of coal mining Download PDFInfo
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- CN106050234B CN106050234B CN201610362595.4A CN201610362595A CN106050234B CN 106050234 B CN106050234 B CN 106050234B CN 201610362595 A CN201610362595 A CN 201610362595A CN 106050234 B CN106050234 B CN 106050234B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The construction technology that the invention discloses a kind of to protect underground water in progress of coal mining; include the following steps: S001: production zone is reconnoitred; determine that horizon d and Quaternary aquifer are in position and water distribution data below topsoil, horizon d is located at the lower section of Quaternary aquifer；S002: in production zone, from drilling of the topsoil construction at least one below Quaternary aquifer；S003: injection slurry is injected into drilling；S004: after injection slurry solidification, one layer of separation layer is formed, and separation layer is formed between horizon d and Quaternary aquifer or separation layer is formed in horizon d.Construction technology provided by the invention; it realizes to the hole water conservation in surface water and Quaternary loose soils and the double goal utilized to crevice water effective exploitation; it ensure that higher coal mining rate and production efficiency, reduce the loss of underground water and the disturbance to surface environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of coal exploitation, more particularly to one kind to protect in progress of coal mining to underground water
The construction technology of shield.
Background technique
China is one of the country of serious water shortage in the world, only the 1/4 of world's per capita share, and western Jin, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia are rather sweet
Also the 6.8% of the whole nation is only accounted for.The current coal mining method in China causes a large amount of mine water outlets, and only State owned coal mine is every
Year, the mine water of discharge was as high as 2,200,000,000 tons, and average one ton of coal of every exploitation about discharges 2 tons of mine waters.Western China preservation
Coal resources abundant, also belong to ecologically fragile areas and deficient water resources.The mine water that coal mining generates at present is mainly used for
Underground dust removal, ground industry and life and ecological protection etc., since these water consumptions are limited and there are stronger seasonalities
And periodicity, remaining a large amount of mine water outlets cause water resource significant wastage.Coal resources scale exploitation makes mining area and week
Border region water imbalance between supply and demand further deteriorates, and seriously restricts the coordinated development of mining area coal resources and ecological environment and can hold
Supervention exhibition.
Studies have shown that the underground water in the overlying rock of the main coal-bearing series in China can be divided near surface soil horizon
The soil water, the crevice water in pore water and horizon d in Quaternary loose soils (Quaternary aquifer).Wherein, pore water is
Available groundwater resources of the mankind, and the crevice water in horizon d is stored and is migrated in crack, mainly by crack closeness,
Opening width and connectivity control, if there is no water producing fractures in horizon d, using the crack in conventional method development and utilization basement rock
Water is extremely difficult.
In the prior art, general by the original state of holding underground reservoir or after aqueous damage layer, mine water is shifted
Storage has certain limitation to safe coal high-efficiency mining and protection of water resources in mine area to realize the protection to underground water
Property.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art, and Quaternary aquifer can be effectively isolated by providing one kind
With horizon d, the construction technology that effective protection utilizes is able to carry out to underground water.
Technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of construction technology protected in progress of coal mining to underground water, special
Sign is, includes the following steps: S001: reconnoitring to production zone, determines that horizon d and the 4th system containing pore water contain
Water layer is in position and water distribution data below topsoil, wherein the horizon d is located under the Quaternary aquifer
Side；S002: in the production zone, from drilling of the topsoil construction at least one below Quaternary aquifer；
S003: injection slurry is injected into the drilling；S004: after injection slurry solidification, one layer of separation layer, and the isolation are formed
Layer is formed between the horizon d and the Quaternary aquifer or the separation layer is formed in the horizon d.
Further, further include following steps S0021 in the step S002: by the partial region of the horizon d or
Whole region pressure break seam, and be formed with and the pressure break crack for drilling and being connected in the horizon d；In the step
Further include following steps S0041 in S004: the injection slurry flows into the pressure break crack, and solidifies in the pressure break crack
Form the separation layer.
Further, in coal working face back production, due to caving zone slump, and the whole region in the horizon d
Or bedrock fracture is formed in partial region, to form water producing fractures development belt；The separation layer is formed in the water guide and splits
Between gap development belt and the Quaternary aquifer or the separation layer is formed in the water producing fractures development belt.
Further, in the coal working face back production completion, periodic weighting terminates, roof is caving completely and water guide
When fracture extension zone formation, start to execute step S003.
Further, the drawing speed of the coal working face is adjusted, to control or slow down the bedrock fracture to described
The trend of Quaternary aquifer development.
Further, the top Yu all or part of pressure break crack of all or part of water producing fractures development belt connect
It is logical.Further, the drilling direction of the drilling and the direction of propulsion of coal working face are opposite.
Further, when injecting the injection slurry into the drilling, while applying pressure to the injection slurry.
Further, horizontal direction flowing velocity of the injection slurry in the pressure break crack is greater than its vertical direction stream
Dynamic speed.
Further, on the length direction of coal working face, it is disposed with a plurality of drilling spaced reciprocally.
Further, in the width direction of coal working face, it is disposed with a plurality of drilling spaced reciprocally.
Further, the drilling includes the vertical section drilling, bending section drilling and horizontal segment drilling sequentially formed；It is described
Vertical section drills and extends downward into the lower section of the Quaternary aquifer from topsoil, and the horizontal segment drilling is in the 4th system
The lower horizontal in water-bearing layer extends, and the bending section drilling is connected between the vertical section drilling and horizontal segment drilling.
Further, it is arranged: on the length direction of the coal working face, the length direction pressure break of every drilling
Command range is L1, the radius of curvature of the bending section drilling is Lr；It is adjacent then on the length direction of the coal working face
Two distances of the drilling between the initial position on the topsoil be L1-Lr。
Further, in the direction of the width, every side all has security control distance K to coal working face；Setting: described
In the width direction of coal working face, the width direction fracturing control distance of every drilling is L2, the width of coal working face
Degree is W；Number n >=(W+2K)/L of the drilling is then arranged in the width direction of the coal working face2, wherein n takes
Integer.
Further, be arranged: the construction safety distance of the bottom plate of the Quaternary aquifer is h, then the horizontal segment bores
The distance between hole and the bottom plate H >=2h.
Further, the production zone is divided into multiple stage production zones, completes a stage mining area
After construction in domain, the construction of next stage production zone is carried out according to step S001- step S004.
Further, further include step S005: the crevice water being located at below the separation layer in the horizon d is discharged
And it utilizes.
By adopting the above technical scheme, it has the following beneficial effects:
Construction technology provided by the invention changes previous underground water methane drainage and utilization project, the distributed storage of underground water and fills
The Traditional Thinking adopted and protect water-bearing layer is filled out, is reproduced by the certain layer position to production zone overlying strata, i.e., actively this layer of position is carried out
Pressure break forms it into pressure break crack perforation water producing fractures development belt, and slip casting forms separation layer, on the one hand realize to surface water and
On the other hand top hole water conservation actively releases lower part crevice water, realize the target utilized to crevice water effective exploitation, protects
Higher coal mining rate and production efficiency have been demonstrate,proved, especially suitable for super large working face mining, while can be greatly lowered ground
It is lauched and pours in mine and cause security risk and mine drainage difficulty, reduce the loss of underground water and surface environment is disturbed
It is dynamic.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of construction technology provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the plan view of construction drill；
Fig. 3 is schematic cross-sectional view of the Fig. 2 along the length direction of coal working face；
Fig. 4 is schematic cross-sectional view of the Fig. 2 along the width direction of coal working face.
The appended drawing reference table of comparisons:
1- topsoil；2- Quaternary aquifer；3- horizon d；
31- water producing fractures development belt；The coal seam 4-；5- caving zone；
6- drilling；The drilling of 61- vertical section；The drilling of 62- bending section；
The drilling of 63- horizontal segment；7- separation layer；8- coal working face；
A1-4Initial position；Arrow B- coal working face direction of propulsion；
L1Length direction fracturing control distance；L2Width direction fracturing control distance；
The width of W- coal working face；K- security control distance.
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawing.Wherein identical components are with identical
Appended drawing reference indicates.
As shown in Figs 1-4, one kind that one embodiment of the invention provides protects underground water in progress of coal mining
Construction technology, include the following steps:
S001: reconnoitring production zone, determines that horizon d 3 and the Quaternary aquifer 2 containing pore water are in table
The position of 1 lower section of soil layer and water distribution data, wherein horizon d 3 is located at the lower section of Quaternary aquifer 2.
S002: in production zone, the drilling 6 of 2 lower section of Quaternary aquifer is located at from the construction of topsoil 1 at least one.
S003: injection slurry is injected into the drilling 6 by pressure break.
S004: after injection slurry solidification, one layer of separation layer 7 is formed, and separation layer 7 is formed in horizon d 3 and contains with the 4th system
Between water layer 2 or separation layer 7 is formed in horizon d 3.
It that is to say, which mainly includes the following steps:
The underground space of production zone is reconnoitred and is observed:
(1) in coal mining planning region, the underground space of mining area is visited to choose the separation layer that may be suitable for
It looks into, obtains the basic datas such as mining region stratum and lithology, mining overburden hierarchical relationship and property of water-bearing feature.
The means that the exploiting field underground space is reconnoitred are based on geology and hydrogeophysical prospecting, in conjunction with the hydrogeology that actually discloses of probing
Condition is verified.It detects range and density can be according to situations such as exploiting field topography and geomorphology, geological conditions and in conjunction with Practical Project need
It wants and sets.
(2) point of the water producing fractures development belt 31 and Quaternary aquifer 2 in the horizon d 3 of production zone is further verified
Cloth area, and level of ground water, water quality, hydraulic pressure of Quaternary aquifer 2 etc. are periodically dynamically observed, find out planning production zone
Groundwater occurrence feature and flowing law.
Groundwater occurrence dynamic observation is divided into artificial and automatic two ways with acquisition means, in conjunction with practical hydrogeological item
Part, it is general to set (artificial) weekly or daily 1 data of (automatic) record, database is imported by digital device, passes through data
Library, which is realized, collects the multi-source data of different times, different-format, as original hydrology geologic basis.
The design and formation of drilling over long distances:
(1) comprehensive to determine according to 6 best fracturing control distances of the length of coal working face 8 and drilling in coal mining area
The initial position A of drilling 61、A2、A3、A4Deng the position on topsoil 1.
(2) from topsoil 1 to the lower section construction drill 6 of Quaternary aquifer 2, and drilling 6 is made to have one section to be positioned horizontally in the
Four be the lower section in water-bearing layer 2.
Slip casting forms separation layer:
Injection slurry is injected into drilling 6, under a certain pressure, injection slurry can be flowed into drilling 6 or be flowed by drilling 6
In pressure break crack and bedrock fracture.After a certain time, injection slurry solidifies, and forms one layer of separation layer 7 later, is isolated in the 4th
It is between water-bearing layer 2 and horizon d 3, or is located in horizon d 3, by the Quaternary aquifer 2 for being located at 7 top of separation layer and is located at
The horizon d 3 of 7 lower section of separation layer is effectively closed.
It, can be to avoid the cranny development in horizon d 3 into Quaternary aquifer 2, to protect by forming the separation layer 7
Pore water in the Quaternary aquifer 2 of shield top may not flow into horizon d 3.
Protecting effect evaluation:
(1) comparative approach is used, does not adopt the water level in the mine water and Quaternary aquifer 2 of time with stope
Based on data, (coal working face back production)-note (injecting injection slurry into drilling) circulation is adopted with pressure (fracturing borehole)-and is pushed away
Into persistently observing, be managed using data base tool and GIS-Geographic Information System and comparative analysis according to 1 times/day of period, determined
The burst size of underground water (crevice water and pore water) determines that the water level in mine water discharge variable quantity and Quaternary aquifer 2 is steady
Qualitative or downward trend, to evaluate isolation effect.When the underground water burst size observed in different time sections is closer, illustrate every
The isolation effect of absciss layer 7 is better.
(2) geophysical prospecting method is used, does not adopt the water level in the mine water and Quaternary aquifer 2 of time with stope
Based on data, promotes, persistently observed according to 1 times/day of period, using data base tool and geography with circulation press-adopt-is infused
Information system is managed and comparative analysis, determines the burst size of underground water, determines that mine water discharge variable quantity and the 4th system contain
Isolation effect is evaluated in water layer stable level or downward trend.When the underground water burst size observed in different time sections more connects
Closely, illustrate that the isolation effect of separation layer 7 is better.
Preferably, further including following steps S0021 in step S002:
By the partial region of horizon d 3 or whole region pressure break seam, and it is formed in horizon d 3 and is connected to drilling 6
Pressure break crack.
Further include following steps S0041 in step S004:
Injection slurry flows into pressure break crack, and solidification forms separation layer 7 in pressure break crack.
In 8 back production of coal working face, the rock of 4 top of working seam can fall to forming caving zone 5, in the process,
3 partial region of horizon d can deform or slump, forms bedrock fracture, so that water producing fractures development belt 31 is formed, water producing fractures hair
It educates and contains a large amount of crevice water in the bedrock fracture of band 31.
After the completion of 8 back production of coal working face, by fracturing unit in topsoil 1 by all or part of area of horizon d 3
Domain pressure break is formed with pressure break crack.The process is the active pressure break to horizon d 3, in the forming process of pressure break crack, because of pressure break
The formation in crack, the water that can not be produced contained in horizon d 3 is actively converted to crevice water outflow, so as to be carried out
It utilizes.
Whole cracks or partial fracture in fracturing fracture are connected to drilling 6, specifically in borehole-fracture whole or
Part is connected to, so that injection slurry can flow into pressure break crack when in by injection slurry injection hole 6, and is coagulated in pressure break crack
Solid improves isolation effect at separation layer 7.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3-4, in 8 back production of coal working face, due to caving zone slump, and in horizon d 3
It is formed with bedrock fracture in whole region or partial region, to form water producing fractures development belt 31.
Separation layer 7 is formed between water producing fractures development belt 31 and Quaternary aquifer 2 or separation layer 7 is formed in water guide
In fracture extension zone 31.
As described above, the rock of 4 top of working seam can fall to forming caving zone 5 in 8 back production of coal working face,
During this, 3 partial region of horizon d can deform or slump, and bedrock fracture is formd in horizon d 3, and bedrock fracture can be led
Water contains a large amount of crevice water to form water producing fractures development belt 31 in the bedrock fracture of water producing fractures development belt 31.
Separation layer 7 is arranged between water producing fractures development belt 31 and Quaternary aquifer 2, it can be well by pore water
Separate with crevice water, the protection to top pore water and the utilization to lower part crevice water may be implemented.
According to specific circumstances, separation layer 7 can also be formed in water producing fractures development belt 31, it is ensured that the 4th system
Pore water in water-bearing layer 2 may not flow into the water producing fractures development belt 31 of 7 lower section of separation layer, play a protective role.
In such a case, only the crevice water for being located at 7 lower section of separation layer is utilized.
Preferably, in 8 back production completion of coal working face, periodic weighting terminates, roof is caving completely and water producing fractures
When the formation of development belt 31, start to execute step S003.
When 8 back production of coal working face is completed, the periodic weighting generated by back production terminates, and roof is caving shape completely
At caving zone 5, the bedrock fracture in crack and rock stratum 3 is formed completely, and forms water producing fractures development belt 31, the water producing fractures
Development belt 31 carries out slip casting to drilling 6 at this time also into the systole phase, the effect that injection slurry forms separation layer 7 can be improved, no
Slip casting effect can be influenced because also forming water producing fractures development belt 31 or bedrock fracture.
Preferably, the drawing speed of adjustment coal working face 8, to control or slow down bedrock fracture to Quaternary aquifer 2
The trend of development avoids the bedrock fracture in water producing fractures development belt 31 from being connected to Quaternary aquifer 2, and causes hole water flow
Enter in water producing fractures development belt 31.
Specifically, it according to the expected height of water producing fractures development belt 31, determines the drawing speed V of coal working face 8, passes through
The drawing speed of coal working face 8 is adjusted, controlling to greatest extent by separation layer 7 or slowing down to adopt because of back production leads to water guide
The trend that bedrock fracture in fracture extension zone 31 is developed to Quaternary aquifer 2, while being developed in the water producing fractures of separation layer 7
It is uniformly developed with the crack in 31.
Preferably, the top of all or part of water producing fractures development belt 31 is connected to all or part of pressure break crack,
To be formed in separation layer 7 on the top of water producing fractures development belt 31, completely cut off water producing fractures development belt 31 and the 4th well
It is the connection between water-bearing layer 2, improves sealing effect.
Preferably, all or part of bedrock fracture is connected to all or part of pressure break crack, so that injection slurry can also
Separation layer 7 to be formed in water producing fractures development belt 31, is improved in the bedrock fracture that flows into water producing fractures development belt 31
The sealing effect of separation layer 7.
Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, the drilling direction of drilling 6 is opposite with the direction of propulsion of coal working face 8.Coal work
Face 8 is promoted along the direction of arrow B.
Before coal working face 8 promotes just construction complete drilling 6, drill 6 initial position to final position direction with
The direction of propulsion of coal working face 8 is opposite.
In 8 back production of coal working face, the rock of 4 top of working seam can fall to forming caving zone 5, in the process,
3 partial region of horizon d can deform or slump, to form bedrock fracture.
So the bedrock fracture in horizon d 3 is formed in 8 back production of coal working face, with coal working face 8
Back production and develop.
By drill 6 drilling direction and coal working face 8 direction of propulsion on the contrary, make implement borehole fracturing direction of propulsion with
The mining direction of coal working face 8 is consistent, can be connected to pressure break crack with the bedrock fracture in water producing fractures development belt 31.
Preferably, applying pressure when injecting injection slurry into drilling 6, while to injection slurry.Specifically apply level side
It upwards pressure, flows rapidly into it in drilling 6, solidification forms separation layer.
Preferably, horizontal direction flowing velocity of the injection slurry in pressure break crack is greater than its vertical direction flowing velocity, from
And makes injection slurry quickly extend to form level along horizontal direction and be isolated in water producing fractures development belt 31 and Quaternary aquifer 2
Between separation layer.
Preferably, a plurality of drilling 6 spaced reciprocally is disposed with as shown in Fig. 2, on the length direction of coal working face 8,
In the longitudinal direction, to cover all coal working face 8, the isolation effect of separation layer 7 is improved.
Preferably, a plurality of drilling 6 spaced reciprocally is disposed with as shown in Fig. 2, in the width direction of coal working face 8,
On wide length direction, to cover all coal working face 8, the isolation effect of separation layer 7 is improved.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, drilling 6 includes the vertical section drilling 61, bending section drilling 62 and horizontal segment sequentially formed
Drilling 62.
Vertical section drilling 61 extends downward into the lower section of Quaternary aquifer 2 from topsoil 1, and horizontal segment drilling 63 is the 4th
It is the lower horizontal extension in water-bearing layer 2, bending section drilling 62 is connected between vertical section drilling 61 and horizontal segment drilling 63.
Vertical section drilling 61 is located at the initial position A of each drilling 61、A2、A3、A4Place extends downwardly.Horizontal segment drilling 63
In the lower section of Quaternary aquifer 2, horizontally toward the direction of propulsion of coal working face 8 is oppositely extending.Vertical section drilling 61
It is connect with horizontal segment drilling 63 by bending section drilling 62.
Certainly in construction drill 6, it is successively initially formed vertical section drilling 61, bending section drilling 62 is re-formed, eventually forms
Horizontal segment drilling 62.
The drilling 6 can also be referred to as horizontal drilling over long distances.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, setting: on the length direction of coal working face 8, the length direction pressure of every drilling 6
Splitting command range is L1, the radius of curvature of bending section drilling is Lr；
Then on the length direction of coal working face 8, two adjacent drillings 6 are between the initial position on topsoil 1
Distance be L1-Lr。
It that is to say, the length direction fracturing control distance of horizontal segment drilling 63 in the longitudinal direction is L1, bending section drilling
Radius of curvature be Lr, then adjacent initial position A1With initial position A2Between or initial position A3With initial position A4Between
Distance is L1-Lr, to guarantee that the length direction fracturing control distance of two adjacent in the longitudinal direction drillings 6 is fully connected
Together, drilling 6 may be implemented coal working face 8 is completely covered from the fracturing control region on length direction, does not have something lost
The region of leakage.
Involved fracturing control is apart from the model that can control for the pressure break crack formed after borehole fracturing in the present invention
It encloses, it is understood that for the distance that injection slurry can be flow to, specifically include the distance on depth or length direction and width side
Upward distance.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, coal working face 8 in the direction of the width, every side all has security control distance K.
Be arranged: in the width direction of coal working face 8, the width direction fracturing control distance of every drilling 6 is L2, adopt
The width of coal working face 8 is W；
Number n >=(W+2K)/L of drilling 6 is then arranged in the width direction of coal working face 82, wherein n round numbers.
Security control distance K can be calculated according to the subsidence slope in coal seam, and expression needs to control coal working face 8
Except width distance.
The width direction fracturing control distance of horizontal segment drilling 63 in the direction of the width is L2, then need in coal working face
Number n >=(W+2K)/L of drilling 6 is arranged in 8 width direction2, just can guarantee and cover all coal mining in the direction of the width
Working face 8 and its required security control distance, have the region of omission.
Preferably, setting: the construction safety distance of the bottom plate of Quaternary aquifer 2 is h, then horizontal segment drilling 63 and bottom plate
The distance between H >=2h.Horizontal segment drilling 63 is arranged in below the bottom plate of Quaternary aquifer 2, distance H between the two >=
2h, it is ensured that in construction drill 6, bottom plate will not be damaged.
Preferably, production zone is divided into multiple stage production zones, the construction in a stage production zone is completed
Afterwards, the construction that next stage production zone is carried out according to step S001- step S004, is finally completed applying for entire production zone
Work.
Preferably, the construction technology further includes step S005: will be located in horizon d 3 crevice water of the lower section of separation layer 7 into
Row utilizes.
On the one hand construction technology provided by the invention protects the pore water in the Quaternary aquifer on upper layer, on the other hand
By active pressure break horizon d, pressure break crack is formed it into, the crevice water that can not be produced in horizon d can be along pressure break crack
Outflow, to play the role of actively discharging the water in horizon d.It also will form basement rock in exploitation process, in horizon d to split
Gap, the crevice water that can not be produced in horizon d, can also flow out along bedrock fracture, with the water one flowed out along pressure break crack
It is same to constitute the mine water that be utilized.
To sum up, construction technology provided by the invention is adopted by being used as in the suitable subterranean geologic formations position of production zone selection
The separation layer in dynamic crack, by forming crack in drilling before exploitation, by a relatively large margin when reducing back production, in horizon d
The energy that is conducted upwards due to adopting of crack, while horizontal orientation note is carried out to drilling and its crack using Grouting engineering measure
Slurry forms separation layer, realizes the effective protection of the pore water on separation layer, reduces the exploitation losses of groundwater resources, borrow simultaneously
Help coal scale exploitation also effective exploitation crack water resource abundant, for protection groundwater in mining area resource and exploitation crevice water
Resource provides scientific and reasonable technical method.
As needed, above-mentioned each technical solution can be combined, to reach best-of-breed technology effect.
Above-described is only the principle of the present invention and preferred embodiment.It should be pointed out that for the common skill of this field
For art personnel, on the basis of the principle of the invention, several other modifications can also be made, also should be regarded as protection model of the invention
It encloses.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of construction technology protected in progress of coal mining to underground water, which comprises the steps of:
S001: reconnoitring production zone, determines that horizon d and the Quaternary aquifer containing pore water are under topsoil
The position of side and water distribution data, wherein the horizon d is located at the lower section of the Quaternary aquifer；
S002: in the production zone, from drilling of the topsoil construction at least one below Quaternary aquifer；
S003: injection slurry is injected into the drilling；
S004: after injection slurry solidification, forming one layer of separation layer, and the separation layer be formed in the horizon d with it is described
Between Quaternary aquifer or the separation layer is formed in the horizon d.
2. construction technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S002 further include following steps
S0021:
It is formed with and the drilling by the partial region of the horizon d or whole region pressure break seam, and in the horizon d
The pressure break crack of connection；
Further include following steps S0041 in the step S004:
The injection slurry flows into the pressure break crack, and solidification forms the separation layer in the pressure break crack.
3. construction technology according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in coal working face back production, since caving zone collapses
Fall, and in the horizon d whole region or partial region in be formed with bedrock fracture, thus formed water producing fractures development
Band；
The separation layer is formed between the water producing fractures development belt and the Quaternary aquifer or the separation layer is formed
In the water producing fractures development belt.
4. construction technology according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in coal working face back production completion, period
When pressure terminates, roof is caving completely and the formation of water producing fractures development belt, start to execute step S003.
5. construction technology according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the drawing speed of the coal working face is adjusted, with
Control or slow down the trend that the bedrock fracture is developed to the Quaternary aquifer.
6. the construction technology according to claim 3 or 5, which is characterized in that all or part of water producing fractures development
The top of band is connected to all or part of pressure break crack.
7. construction technology described in any claim in -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drilling side of the drilling
To opposite with the direction of propulsion of coal working face.
8. construction technology according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that injecting the injection slurry into the drilling
When, while applying pressure to the injection slurry.
9. construction technology according to claim 2, which is characterized in that level of the injection slurry in the pressure break crack
Direction flowing velocity is greater than its vertical direction flowing velocity.
10. construction technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on the length direction of coal working face, be disposed with
The a plurality of drilling spaced reciprocally.
11. construction technology according to claim 10, which is characterized in that in the width direction of coal working face, arrangement
There is a plurality of drilling spaced reciprocally.
12. construction technology described in 0 or 11 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drilling is vertical including sequentially forming
Section drilling, bending section drilling and horizontal segment drilling；
The vertical section drilling extends downward into the lower section of the Quaternary aquifer from topsoil, and the horizontal segment drilling is in institute
The lower horizontal for stating Quaternary aquifer extends, and the bending section drilling is connected to the vertical section drilling and bores with the horizontal segment
Between hole.
13. construction technology according to claim 12, which is characterized in that setting: in the length side of the coal working face
Upwards, the length direction fracturing control distance of every drilling is L1, the radius of curvature of the bending section drilling is Lr；
Then on the length direction of the coal working face, initial position of the drilling of adjacent two on the topsoil
The distance between be L1-Lr。
14. construction technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the direction of the width, every side is all for coal working face
With security control distance K；
Be arranged: in the width direction of the coal working face, the width direction fracturing control distance of every drilling is L2,
The width of coal working face is W；
Number n >=(W+2K)/L of the drilling is then arranged in the width direction of the coal working face2, wherein n is rounded
Number.
15. construction technology according to claim 12, which is characterized in that setting: the bottom plate of the Quaternary aquifer
Construction safety distance is h；
Then the distance between the horizontal segment drilling and the bottom plate H >=2h.
16. construction technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the production zone is divided into multiple stages exploitations
Region carries out next described after completing the construction in a stage production zone according to step S001- step S004
The construction of stage production zone.
17. construction technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include step S005: by position in the horizon d
Crevice water below the separation layer is discharged and is utilized.
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| CN107956225A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-24 | 中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局 | Discarded small-size coal mine top panel area administers the processing method for reducing the increment of groundwater |
| CN108894727B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-01-19 | 中国矿业大学 | Water retention method for plugging main channel of overburden rock water flowing fracture by grouting in ground horizontal directional drilling |
| CN110761814B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-05-04 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Roof water control method based on presplitting and grouting modification |
| CN112302718B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-03-31 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Method for protecting water resource of water-bearing stratum of coal seam roof |
| CN112483172A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-12 | 中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局 | Method for artificially reconstructing water blocking boundary |
| CN113356830B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2022-05-27 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | Shallow surface layer ecological water protection method based on mining space key layer lag effect |
| CN114837608B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-12-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for reconstructing mining overburden rock water barrier by multi-section graded grouting |
| CN115354961B (en) | 2022-07-04 | 2023-05-30 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for treating water plugging of coal seam roof and earth surface subsidence reduction |
| CN115419384B (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2023-05-16 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Dynamic grouting interception water shutoff method for aquifer with fully broken mining overburden |
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| CN100467829C (en) * | 2006-11-17 | 2009-03-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Water-protection coal-mining method using structural key layer as waterproof layer |
| CN102704933B (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2014-10-29 | 中国矿业大学 | Isolated-section grouting filling coal-mining method for mining overburden rock |
| CN103924975B (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2016-01-20 | 河北煤炭科学研究院 | A kind of for the water-retaining method in coal mining process |
| CN104989403B (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-05-10 | 国投新集能源股份有限公司 | Method for reconstructing floor limestone aquifer into natural-artificial composite integrated aquiclude |
| CN105545307A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-05-04 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | Method for over-pit and under-pit cooperative control of roofs of far and near fields of extra-large stoping space |
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