CN110173238A - The anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion thick gas method entirely - Google Patents
The anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion thick gas method entirely Download PDFInfo
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- CN110173238A CN110173238A CN201910446292.4A CN201910446292A CN110173238A CN 110173238 A CN110173238 A CN 110173238A CN 201910446292 A CN201910446292 A CN 201910446292A CN 110173238 A CN110173238 A CN 110173238A
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
China's high seam yield accounts for about the 40%~50% of national coal production.As thick coal-layer mining depth increases year by year, coal seam gas-bearing capacity is also gradually increased, and the universal gas permeability in coal seam is low, seriously affects gas drainage under suction.In conjunction with the problems such as existing gas drainage technique building technology is complicated, project amount is big, it is determined that a kind of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion extraction thick gas method entirely.Three-dimensional arranges working face extraction tunnel, two rows of cross boreholes are set into coal body respectively in two stope drift active workings exploitation side, upper row is gas extraction hole, lower row's arranged for interval gas extraction hole and blast hole, in upper gas-removing extraction hole, the intersection of the explosive holes under places pack, implements the anti-reflection generation network crack of explosion；It is spaced using water between two packs, flame proof depositing dust.The present invention increases high seam gas permeability, it can be achieved that high seam thick mash gas extraction entirely, increases the amount of drawing out methane and gas drainage under suction effective time when not increasing dedicated gas drainage under suction lane and coal body not excess destruction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mining and coal petrography gas drainage technique fields, more particularly to one kind to be used for low-permeable thickness coal
The anti-reflection explosion extraction of cross borehole networking thick gas method entirely in layer three-dimensional gateway layout method.
Technical background
China's high seam rich reserves, account for about the 47.7% of proved reserves, and annual underground mining high seam yield accounts for about entirely
The 40%~50% of state's coal production.The reserves and advantageous thinness of high seam, to realize that high-yield and high-efficiency exploits the item that provides the foundation
Part provides resource guarantee for China coal industry sustainable development.As coal in China yield increasingly increases, seam mining is deep
Degree increases year by year, and consequent is that coal seam gas-bearing capacity is also gradually increased, and some mines gradually upgrade to high methane, prominent mine
Well, Gas Disaster is increasingly severe, and many thick coal-layer mining gas accidents have occurred.Safety of coal mines is seriously affected efficiently to produce,
Therefore extraction must be carried out to the gas in coal seam, coal seam gas-bearing capacity is reduced, to reduce gas risk.
Gas drainage amount is improved, is to solve high seam gas bearing capacity height, the effective method of coal and gas prominent, influences
The principal element of pumping volume is the infiltration coefficient in coal seam；It is influenced by complex geological structure, China's high methane and dangerous seam with potential
The low feature of generally existing gas permeability, seriously constrains gas drainage efficiency；The penetrating power for thus improving coal seam, is always coal
Important topic in layer gas drainage under suction research.
The coal seam adopted compared with hard-pumped low for gas permeability, to improve gas pumping effect it is necessary to making coal seam by various means
Release is anti-reflection, and the new crack of the preexisting crack network or generation in communication coal seam, it is anti-reflection that such technology is known as low air permeability coal seam
Technology.According to domestic and international experimental study situation, the antireflective technical method in main coal seam has at this stage: horizontal bore, intersect cloth hole,
Wear that the drilling of layer grid type, deep-hole control presplit blasting is anti-reflection, hydraulic fracturing anti-reflection, hydraulic slotted liner technique is anti-reflection etc..
To improve extracting result, when cloth hole on the basis of horizontal bore, oblique hole and cross borehole are often used, it is oblique
Cloth hole is conducive to Mining and pumping, and staggered form cloth hole can be under conditions of not increasing any project amount, than horizontal bore extracting result
1.5 times are improved, the effect of this coal bed gas extraction is improved.But cross borehole exhaust technology is due to drilling hole stress work between crosspoint
Cause extracting result bad with limited；
The advantages of gridding type layer-through drilling is can to solve the problems, such as projecting coal bed to bore spray orifice, collapse hole when beating concordant hole.Large area
Gridding type layer-through drilling take out in advance experiments have shown that, low air permeability coal seam although Gas pre-drainage is extremely difficult, reasonable Arrangement drill,
Guarantee to find time etc. in advance under technical conditions, is fully able to reach expected extracting result, gas drainage rate can reach 30% or more.
Gridding type layer-through drilling becomes the main method of the single soft low severe outburst coal protrusion-dispelling in China at present.But gridding type layer-through
Drilling needs to beat rock gangway, extraction higher cost in seat earth；
Deep-hole control presplit blasting is anti-reflection, and explosive generates compression pulverize after coal body explosion downhole explosion, in Near Blasting
Area generates the initial crack that length is about blasthole radius several times on cavity by explosion wall；Crack further expands, in blast hole week
It encloses to form the radial fracture network intersected in a zigzag, reaches release antireflective effect.But technology that Deep-hole Controlled Blasting is anti-reflection is due to tradition
Continuous charging structure will lead to around crush excessive, the cracked district distribution of circle it is relatively narrow cause the gas drainage results duration compared with
It is short；
Hydraulic fracturing by injecting a large amount of high pressure waters containing sand to coal seam, force coal seam occur rupture, plane of weakness extension, opening and
Extend, and then improves the gas permeability in coal seam.Hydraulic fracturing is to improve the effective way of lower permeability seam gas drainage efficiency, simultaneously
It also can be reduced working face dust, improve operating environment.But hydraulic fracturing is one and is related to coal rock deformation, destruction, water and gas infiltration
The complex process of coupling is flowed, coal seam is anti-reflection, and mechanism is still unclear.And hydraulic fracturing and the anti-reflection technique building technology of hydraulic slotted liner technique are multiple
It is miscellaneous, special equipment is needed, and in downhole operations inconvenience；
On the basis of hydraulic fracturing, there is the three-dimensional gas drainage skill that top plate hydraulic fracturing is combined with High Position Drilling
Art.Top plate hydraulic fracturing is to will affect scope control between roof strata fissure zone and coal seam, after fracturing fluid injects rock mass
Original crack overcomes the breakage of its principal stress and rock mass, forms new crack, causes more watts in coal petrography intersection
This migration space, thus increase coal petrography gas permeability, the anti-reflection, release of realization, High Position Drilling of constructing in hydraulic fracturing coverage,
It is located above longitudinal pressure break range fissure zone, free gas is upwardly into high drill holes extracting range by release, substantially
Top High Position Drilling gas pumping effect is improved, coal-bed gas outburst hazard is reduced.But this technology needs in back production lane
Road exploitation side individually excavates relieving roadway into working face coal body, increases tunnelling amount and gas drainage under suction project amount；
The above technology all provides good reference for low air permeability coal seam gas drainage under suction, but there is also some problems,
And it is suitable for middle coal seam thick and below, it is less obvious to the gas drainage under suction adaptability of high seam.
Gas drainage under suction for low-permeable high methane high seam, have " bottom plate layer-through drilling+long range directional drilling " and
" layering of pre- pick gas drainage under suction lane draws out methane " extraction technology.The former is by wearing layer in super high seam bottom plate collection inter-road construction bottom plate
Drilling penetrates entire super high seam and is taken out in advance, while by walking in places such as centralized return air system crossdrift, bottom plate collection inter-roads along coal seam
To or tendency construction long range directional drilling, and combine working face concordant drilling enhanced gas extraction taken out in advance, to realize underground
Three-dimensional extraction.This technology forms high methane thick seam slicing system gas control key technology system, is China similar to geology
Under the conditions of thick seam slicing system Comprehensive Gas Control provide demonstration；But the method is needed to wear layer digging in seat earth and be worn
The bottom plate collection inter-road in entire coal seam, roadway engineering amount are big thoroughly；The latter is on the basis of conventional two-dimensional arranges tunnel, in Top slice coal
Two gas drainage under suction tunnels are excavated in vivo, and arrangement extraction drilling carries out extraction to coal gas, there is also tunnel works for the method
The problems such as journey amount is big.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above technical problems, it is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and limitation, one is proposed
The anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion thick gas method entirely is planted, for solving low-permeable high seam mine
The ineffective problem of well gas drainage under suction.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion thick gas method, including following procedure entirely:
A, working face of coal seam stope drift active workings use reasonable three-dimensional arrangement, i.e., air return lane and air inlet are respectively along coal
Layer bottom plate and roof arrangement；
B, the exploitation respectively in two tunnels up and down of different layers position is helped to set two rows of cross boreholes into working face coal body, on
Row hole drilling is firedamp taking-out discharging drilling, lower row hole drilling arranged for interval firedamp taking-out discharging drilling and blasting boreholes, a upper row hole drilling perpendicular to
Lane side, next row hole drilling and lane side oblique；
C, the gas extraction hole of a upper row is used for firedamp drainage, and the blast hole of next row is for placing pack, pack fixed point
It is placed in the intersection of gas extraction hole and blast hole, implements the anti-reflection generation network crack of explosion；Water is used between two packs
Spaced, flame proof depositing dust while, can isolate coal and rock, form effective extraction crack；
It is provided by the invention to realize a kind of anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion thick gas side entirely
Method has the advantage that
(1) working face extraction tunnel uses three-dimensional arrangement, arranges respectively along seat earth and top plate, and mine pressure shows
Unobvious compared with conventional two-dimensional gateway layout method, mine pressure-volume is easy to control；
(2) in tunnel, exploitation side sets two rows of cross boreholes into coal body, combines conventional cross drilling and deep hole blasting
The advantages of, while overcoming it and causing gas drainage results bad due to crustal stress and continuous demolition, extraction effective time short grade is not
Foot, generates cubic network crack effect after explosion, anti-reflection gas drainage results are good；
(3) it is respectively arranged cross borehole in two tunnels of three-dimensional arrangement, network can be formed in coal seam entirely thick coal body
Crack, i.e., in the case where not increasing roadway engineering amount, it can be achieved that the full high seam gas drainage under suction of high seam.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is 4 kinds of forms of conventional stereo roadway layout；
In Fig. 1: 1- head mining face air inlet；2- head mining face air return lane；3- subsequent duty face air inlet；4- connects
Continuous tailentry；
Fig. 2 a is embodiment drilling plane of arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 b is embodiment drilling arrangement left view；
Fig. 3 is that perspective view is arranged in the drilling of embodiment.
In Fig. 2~3: 1- working face air inlet；2- tailentry；3- firedamp taking-out discharging drilling；4- blasting boreholes；5- is handed over
Crunode；6- pack.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the drawings.
In the present embodiment
The first step selects reasonable tunnel three-dimensional arrangement, layout of actual mining roadway is in coal seam according to the thickness in coal seam
Different layers position, be arranged in seat earth and roof；
Second step is helped to the inside of working face coal body in the exploitation of two stope drift active workings, sets two rows of cross boreholes respectively, on
Gas extraction hole is set in arrangement, is arranged vertically with lane side, lower row's arranged for interval gas extraction hole and blast hole；
The two rows vertical interval that drills is H, and the adjacent drilling hole of identical row is away from for L, upper row Drilling Water adjacent with lower row
Flat projection aperture spacing is M, and the aperture of gas extraction hole is R, the aperture of hole depth D, blast hole is r, hole depth d, and drilling exists up and down
It is α that horizontal plane, which projects angle, and intersecting points is l.Wherein, 90≤R≤120mm, 2≤M≤5m；50≤r≤70mm；15°≤α
≤20°；
Third step needs the release radius met according to gas drainage under suction, calculates design standing pack parameter, single packet medicine
Packet dose q, dynamite quantity per hole Q etc., and determine detonation mode, it is ensured that cubic network crack effect is generated after its explosion；
Q=eq ' gmiw2n(1+n2)-0.5
Wherein, q is the practical explosive payload dose of single packet pack, and e is quick-fried force coefficient, and q is explosion per unit body under standard conditions
Explosive charge needed for product, g are quick-fried eye gross blockage factor, miFor i-th of cross-point locations borehole depth, w is minimum burden (i.e. sheet
Release radius in invention), n is influence coefficient of the borehole depth to explosive consumption；Single hole explosive payload Q=kq.
4th step places pack in the blast hole of next row, and pack pinpoints the friendship for being placed in gas extraction hole and blast hole
At crunode, implement the anti-reflection generation network crack of explosion；
The constraint of each pack is fixed on gas extraction hole and is intersected point with blast hole by the 5th step using special driven rod
It sets, primer [cartridge] is linked using primacord.Spaced using water between two packs, flame proof depositing dust while, can isolate coal petrography
Body forms effective extraction crack.
Claims (5)
1. the anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion thick gas method entirely, which is characterized in that including following
Process:
A, working face of coal seam stope drift active workings use reasonable three-dimensional arrangement, i.e., air return lane and air inlet are respectively along coal seam bottom
Plate and roof arrangement；
B, the exploitation respectively in two tunnels up and down of different layers position is helped to set two rows of cross boreholes into working face coal body, upper gang drill
Hole is firedamp taking-out discharging drilling, lower row hole drilling arranged for interval firedamp taking-out discharging drilling and blasting boreholes, a upper row hole drilling perpendicular to lane side,
Next row hole drilling and lane side oblique；
C, the gas extraction hole of a upper row is used for firedamp drainage, and the blast hole of next row is placed for placing pack, pack fixed point
In the intersection of gas extraction hole and blast hole, implement the anti-reflection generation network crack of explosion；Water interband is used between two packs
Coal and rock can be isolated while, flame proof depositing dust, forms effective extraction crack.
2. according to claim 1 realize complete thick watt of a kind of anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion
This method, which is characterized in that in the step a, working face of coal seam stope drift active workings use reasonable three-dimensional arrangement, i.e.,
Air return lane and air inlet are arranged along seat earth and roof respectively.
3. according to claim 1 realize complete thick watt of a kind of anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion
This method, which is characterized in that in the step b, the exploitation in two tunnels up and down of different layers position is helped to working face coal respectively
Set two rows of cross boreholes in vivo, upper row hole drilling is firedamp taking-out discharging drilling, lower row hole drilling arranged for interval firedamp taking-out discharging drilling with it is quick-fried
Broken drilling, a upper row hole drilling is perpendicular to lane side, next row hole drilling and lane side oblique.
4. according to claim 1 realize complete thick watt of a kind of anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion
This method, which is characterized in that in the step c, the gas extraction hole of a upper row is used for firedamp drainage, the blast hole of next row
For placing pack, pack pinpoints the intersection for being placed in gas extraction hole and blast hole, implements the anti-reflection generation network of explosion
Crack；Spaced using water between two packs, flame proof depositing dust while, can isolate coal and rock, form effective extraction crack.
5. according to claim 1 realize complete thick watt of a kind of anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion
This method, which is characterized in that two stope drift active workings are arranged in the bottom plate and top plate of same coal seam, in two tunnels simultaneously
Using cross borehole network explosion, the anti-reflection network of gas drainage under suction can be formed in flood coal body, it can be achieved that high seam thick gas entirely
Extraction.
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| CN201910446292.4A CN110173238A (en) | 2019-05-27 | 2019-05-27 | The anti-reflection extraction of high seam three-dimensional roadway layout networking explosion thick gas method entirely |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110454134A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of method of underground raw coal gasification |
| CN112253067A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-01-22 | 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Cross fracturing cooperative permeability increasing method for grid drilling of thick coal seam |
| CN113216968A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏徐矿能源股份有限公司张双楼煤矿 | Pressure relief and scour prevention method for coal seam merging area |
| CN114934765A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-23 | 贵州一和科技有限公司 | Method for enhancing gas extraction efficiency by combining hydraulic joint cutting and loosening blasting of coal roadway |
| CN115478830A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Permeability increasing method for low permeability coal seam |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110454134A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-11-15 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of method of underground raw coal gasification |
| CN112253067A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-01-22 | 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Cross fracturing cooperative permeability increasing method for grid drilling of thick coal seam |
| CN112253067B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2021-12-10 | 中煤科工集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Cross fracturing cooperative permeability increasing method for grid drilling of thick coal seam |
| CN113216968A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-06 | 江苏徐矿能源股份有限公司张双楼煤矿 | Pressure relief and scour prevention method for coal seam merging area |
| CN114934765A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-23 | 贵州一和科技有限公司 | Method for enhancing gas extraction efficiency by combining hydraulic joint cutting and loosening blasting of coal roadway |
| CN114934765B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-12-06 | 贵州一和科技有限公司 | Method for enhancing gas extraction efficiency by combining hydraulic joint cutting and loosening blasting of coal roadway |
| CN115478830A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-12-16 | 中国矿业大学 | Permeability increasing method for low permeability coal seam |
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Application publication date: 20190827 |